US1401910A - Lock - Google Patents

Description

G. S. R. KAIVIPMANN.

- LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED FEB-25,1921- 1,401,910. tented B00127, 1921.

1 are 72 7a 7 G S]? dizz azizazrlz GERHARDT srGvEaT REHLING KAMPMANN, 0F TAULov-sTArIoN, DENMARK,

ASSIGN'OR 'ro NAAJ/ILOOZE VENNOOTSCI-IAP HANnEL- AArsoHAPPIJ ,PLA- NEET, on THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS, A CORPORATION OF THE NETHER- LANDS.

--LOCK.

Application filediebruary 25, 1921. Serial No. 447,749.

To all whom it may concern.

Be .it known that I, GERHARDT SIevER'r REHLING KAMPMANN, a subject of the King of Denmark, residing at Taulov-Station, Denmark, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looks, for which I have filed an application in Holland, J anuary 12th, 1920, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to a lock which when being closed by any one of a series of different keys belonging to the look is adjusted in such a' way that after being closed it can only be opened by the same key.

For this purpose I may provide the lock with two sets of plates or flat levers 'co operating in pairs in such a manner that each plate in a pair can rotate about a fixed pin, one of the mating plates being provided with a pin'and the other with a slot into which said pin projects, the said slot.

being so formed that when one plate is moved in the one direction, the mating plate moves in the opposite sense so that the sum of the distances from the aXis'of rotation of the key to those points of the two plates which are nearest to said axis is either constant in all pairs of platesor variable in such a manner that the same variation of this sum in one pair of plates also occurs in all other pairs when the same key is used, in other words, that this sum in all pairs of plates is the same variable amount, preferably so that the relation between the distance from one of the plates of a pair of plates to the axis of the key and the corresponding distance trom the other plate of said pair of plates to the said axis may be represented by a simple mathematical formula.

When the lock is closed, the first set of plates is adjusted by the turning key in such manner that this set in its turn moves a lever to release the bolt. During its t'ur ther movement the key moves the bolt into locking position after which aspring moves the lever back into the position in which it looks the bolt, whereby also the first set of plates resumes'its initial position. When the rotary movement of the key is still further continued, the second set of plates is adjusted. This set remains in its adjusted position, and its plates are so formed that Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec.

given pair in the series of keys the sum of the lengths of theteeth measured from the axis of the key is either constant and equal to the aforesaid constant 'for the sets of plates, or variable in accordance with the same formula that applies to the plates.

l/Vhen after the lock has been closed, the I same key is insertedand turned in the direction for opening the lock,it will simply move past the plates of the secondset, as these are still adjusted to suit this particular -key, whereupon it engages and moves the first set of plates so as to move the lever backward farenough tourelease the bolt, and finally it moves the bolt back into opening position, after which. the lever is returned by the spring into its initial position, thereby looking the bolt and forcing the platesof the first set back into their original positions. V

If, however, after the lock has been closed by onekey, another key of the series is inserted into thekey hole and turned, then, as

of, each pair of teeth of this key one is evidently longer and one is shorter than those of the first key, one tooth of each pair of teeth will be too long to move past the'sec- 0nd set of plates, so that this key cannot be used for opening thelock.

It a key is used which does not belong to the series and which is adapted to move past a smaller constant or variable than the one it was madetor. In that case the lever will not move far enough to release the bolt, and the key will consequently be unable to move the bolt intoopening position.

The lock may be made for use on boxes, drawers, cupboards, etc., or as a padlock.

All locks of a particular type may be identical, and keys and locks may be sold sepa rately. Buying a new look, therefore, does not necessitate the buying of a new key, and vice versa.

Other advantages of the new lock are: let. For the opening and the closing of all looks in a house only one. key is required;

- this saves the time and the trouble of looking up the right key Whenever a lock is to be opened.

2nd. When for some reason itis desirable to dlstinguish certain locks in a house from the other locks, allthat is required is clos-, ing them with another key,

3rd. In case of doubt as to whether an unreliable person is in possession of a key adapted to open the locks, all that is necessary is closing all looks by another key of the set. No new looks are required. 3

4th. Simplification in the manufacture, as it is no longer required to fit the"key(s) for each lock separately-Q The accompanying drawing illustrates a drawer lock in accordance with the invention wherein the aforesaid sum of distances and lengths respectively is constant.

Figure 1 is a front view of the lock with the front plate ofthe lock casing removed.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section along line A-B in Fig. 1. 1 1 it Figs. 8 and 4.- are afront-viewand a side view respectively of the bolt.

Figs. 5 and 6 are similar views of filler plate9.m,"

Figs. 7, 8 and9 are-views of plates 11, 13 and 15. v 1 i Figs. 10,.andr11 are views of plates 18 and Fig. 12is a view of the keywith which the lock shown in Fig. 1 hasbeen adjusted.

Fig. 13 is a diagram of the lengths of the teethin case the sum of thedistances above referred to is constant. r

Fig. 1 1 is ,a diagram of the lengths of the.

teeth in case the relation between thelengths of the teeth .of a pair of teethmay be ex pressed by a linear formula.

The bolt 1(Figs. 3 and a) is'actuated b the extreme tooth 22 .(Fig. 12) of the key. For the lock shownin the drawing, the keys must have four other teeth 22", 22, 22, 22 in addition to the said extreme tooth." However,

the lock maybe constructed for any number of pairs of teeth in addition to the extreme tooth for actuatingthe bolt. 1 Bolt 1 has a slot 2 through which project a pin 3 on the rear plate a of: the casing for limiting its movements, and an opening at which serves to lock the bolt in projected or in withdrawn position with the aid of plate 11,-which is the plate indicated by lever 1 in the preambleof this specification. Also secured to the rear plate a are pins 5, 6, 7 and 8. I

and

The lever 11 (Fig. 7), which is rotatable about pin 6, faces boltl and has its left hand edge at a distance from the key hole axis which exceeds the distance between said axis and the left hand edge face of the bolt along which the tooth 22 of the key glides. Said lever is provided near its top with a bilaterally projecting pin 12, and its thickness is twice that of plates 13, 15, 18 and 20.

The rear portion of pin 12 engages the one or theother of the recesses 1 4? of opening 4 in the bolt 1, depending upon whether the bolt is out or in. By means of a spring blade 10 which is secured to pin 5, and which with one end bears againsta part a of the casing and with the other against lever 11, the latter is pressed to the left so that pin 12 always tends to lock the bolt in its opening or closing position. a Facing lever 11 is a second plate 13 (Fig. 8) which is rotatable about the front portion of pin 12 and provided itself with a laterallv projecting pin 14. Facing plate 13 is 21 third plate 15 (Fig. 9) which is rotatable a manner that they move lever llthrough a suflicient distance to the right to allow bolt 1 to freely move, after which the extreme tooth,

which has the same length in all keys of the se-ries,projects the bolt byengagement with a recess 1 of bolt 1. A projection 17 of the bolt 1 therebybomes close enough to the key hole to prevent a key placed in the key hole after the bolt has been projected from being turned in a counterclockwise direction.

When the key is turned a little farther, the springlO again presses lever ll to the left 'nal positions.

ori

hould the key now be turned in a clockwise direction, it would adjust plates 13 and 15 inthe same manner as before whereby lever 11 would move to the right against the action of the spring 10, and the bolt 1 would first be released and subsequently retracted.

Apparently, therefore, if noother provision opened by the particular key by which it has previously been closed, a second set of plates is provided. at the left hand side of the key hole, said second set being adjusted, when plates 13 and 15-are returnedinto their the lock is being closed, in the same manner 7 as the first set, after, which, however, it remains in its adjusted position. A plate 18 (Fig.10) which is rotatable about fixed pin 7 and provided'with a pin 19, faces filler plate 9 (Figs. 5 and 6). The filler plate 9 is mounted on pin 7 and is adapted by its own resiliency to be forced a little off the rear plate a of the casing, see Fig. 2. Facing plate 18' is a second plate 20 (Fig. 11), which is rotatable about fixed pin 8 and provided with a slot 21 into which projects pin 19 of plate 18. Facing plate 20 isa' third plate similar to plate 18, and facing this third plate is a fourth plate similar to plate 20, said third and fourth plates being rotatable about the fixed pins 7 and 8 respectively.

The relative positions of pins 7 and 8, of pins 19 and slots 21 are such that the distance from the axis of the key hole to those parts of plates 18 which are nearest to said axis increases by the same amount by which the corresponding distance from plates 20 to the said axis decreases, and vice versa. There fore, when one of the keys of the series glides along these plates, the two long teeth of the pairs of teeth move two of the plates from the axis of the key hole, whereby the other two plates are moved toward said axis and adjusted to suit the two short teeth, it being understood that, once adjusted, the four plates remain in these positions. If now the same key is inserted into the lock and turned in the opposite direction, its four teeth 22 22 move past and glide along the plates 18 and 20 without affecting the adjustment of these plates so that the lock can be opened.

In any of the other keys of the series, two of the teeth are obviously longer and two are shorter than those of the first key. The short teeth of course could move past the plates of the second set, but the two long teeth cannot as the plates 18 and 20 are so formed that the face along which a tooth of the key glides during the adjustment is immediately followed by a face 18 3-20 forming an angle therewith which does not exceed 90 so that .a key turning in the direction for opening set plates at the right hand side, move lever 11 far enough to release the bolt 1. Such a key, therefore, can not open the look.

It will now be understood that the adjustment of the lock fora given key can only be effected during the closing of the lock with this particular key and that the lock,

once adjusted, can only be opened by the same key by which it was previously closed.

In the examples shown in the drawings, the plates of the second set are held in adjustment by friction between front and rear wall of the casing. This friction, however, may not be toogreat, so that the adjustment could be interfered with by shocks or vibrations. lVith a view to this possibility I plate 6 ofthe casing, and is adapted to be turned, for instance, by means of the key itself which should then be suitably formed 7 for this purpose, as its head 9 presents a groove 9. When the eccentric disk 9 is turned filler plate 9is .pre'ssed just a little toward the front plate 0 whereby the plates 18 and 20 are clamped together and involuntary rotation of said plates is prevented.

As the head 9 is not accessible when the drawer is closed the eccentric disk 9 cannot be moved as long as the lock has not been opened. As a matter of course the eccentric 9 may have any other suitable location rela- V tive to the casing.

A further security against undesired opening of the lock is attained by providing a flange 9 of the filler plate 9, the said flange protecting the plates 18 between axis of rotation 7 and faces 18 from being moved by means of a suitable instrument inserted into the key hole. This flange could also be integral with the front or th rear plate of the casing.

In a certain number of locks lever 11 may be arranged in front of plates 13 and 15, instead of at the rear side, which would render it still more diflicult to fraudulently make a fitting key.

Fig. 13 shows a diagram from which it the distance 23-26, 29-31 or 24-25, these lengths themselves in the keys of the series may vary so that, for example, in three different keys the length of the one tooth may be equal to 23-27, 29-30 and 24-28 respectively, that of the mating tooth equal to 27-26, 30-31 and 28-25 respectively.

Fig. 14 showsasimilar diagram for the case wherein the sum of the lengths referred to varies in accordance with a linear formula. In this figure,3236, 38-39 and 33-37 respectively is the length of the one tooth in three different keys, 36-35, 39-40 and 37-34 respectively that of the mating tooth. It is clear that this diagram refers to only one of an unlimited number of embodlments of the invention.

. When constructing the lock, the location designed as an improvement on applicants copending application, Serial No. 380834,

V y the claims herein being directed to theimprovement involved;

WhatI claim is:-- fl a "1. A look including a bolt, a key operated control therefor, means set by the movement of the key following actuation of the bolt whereby to prevent use of any other; key,

and means adapted to firmly hold the first saidmeans against moving out of set position. t 2. A look control therefor,1means set by the movement of the key following actuation of the bolt f including a bolt, key operated whereby to prevent use of any other key, and means includingv an eccentric for holding the first said means againstmoving out' GERHARD'I SIGVERT REHLING KAMPMANN.-

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