US1204383A - Wrench. - Google Patents

Description

W. H. SPANIER.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31. 916.

Patented Nov. 7, 1916.

INVENTOR WITNESSES ATET Flfi,

WRENCH.

Application filed March 31, 1816.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, W'ALDEMAR H. SPA- izinn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Grand Harbor, in the county of Ramsey and State of North Dakota, have invented a new and useful rench, of which the fol lowing is a specification.

The present invention relates to wrenches.

An object of this invention to provide an improved construction of wrench, which is automatically adjustable to nuts, bolt heads, and other devices to be turned, which are polygonal, with any number of sides, or which are of cylindrical contour, such as pipes, threaded washers, and the like.

Another object of this invention is to provide a relatively simple, compact structure of wrench, wherein but relatively few curved parts and projections are employed, and wherein the peculiar formation of the parts strengthen the same, and strengthen the wrench as a whole, to withstand relatively great pressure and to prevent undue wear and friction upon and between relatively movable parts.

Other objects and advantages of this invention as well as the above will be more fully brought out in the following specific disclosure of the present embodiment of the invention, which is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a wrench, embodying the improvements of this inven toin, and showing the jaws separated, or open. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal edgewise sectioned view through the wrench of this invention, the jaws being closed and in engagement with a cylindrical object, shown in dotted lines. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sec tional view, through the wrench, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a side ele ration of a wrench, embodying the feature of this invention, and showing a slightly modified form of the jaws.

Referring to this drawing, wherein like parts are designated throughout the several views by similar numerals of reference, 10 designates an inner jaw, which is integral with an inwardly extending relatively broad shank 11. The jaw 10 has an inner curved face 12, which is toothed, serrated, or otherwise suitably formed for performing its function. This face 12 is shown in Fig. 1 as of concave form, and as merging into the inner edge of the shank 11. The inner end of the shank 11 is hollow, by provision of a Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 1916.

Serial No. 88,055.

slot 13 which opens through the inner end of tie shank 11 and also through the inner edge of the same. The inner edge of the shank 11, at the base of the jaw 10, is pro vided with a pair of cars 14;, which project from the inner edge of the shank 11, and which have a space therebetwecn constituting substantially a continuation of the slot or chamber 13 in the inner end of the shank.

The wrench has an outer jaw 15. The jaw 15 has a straight inwardly extending shank 16, which when fully open, lies substantially in parallelism with the inner shank 11, as shown in 1. ihe inner i L a cage of the shank 16 has an inwaidly entending semi-circular lug 17, reduced in thickness for pivotal engagement between the ears 1%. The space between the ears 11 is provided with an inner rear wall 18, which is curved preferably on the arc of a circle, the center of which is coincident with the central axes of the cars 11 and the lug 17. The cars 1% are of substantially semi-circular form and are substantially concentric with the inner wall 18. The outer shank 1G is also provided with a curved wall or shoulder 19 at the base of the lug 17. This wall 19 is substantially concentric with the cars 14, and is adapted to receive the outer edges of the ears tl'iereagai-nst when the lug is inserted between the ears. This wall 19 projects from the opposite sides of the lug, so as to engage the opposite ears. The provi sion of these walls 18 and 1.9 provides substantial abutments for taking up any undue pressure exerted laterally to displace or rock the jaws 10 and15 out of their common plane. ii pivot pin 20 passes transversely and centrally through the ears'H and the lug 17 to pivotally connect the jaws.

The inner end of the outer shank 16 has a flat abutting face 21 at its inner edge, which, as shown to advantage in Fig. 1, abuts against the inner edge of the inner shank 11. This abutting face 21 determines the limit of the opening of the jaws 10 and 15, and also holds the shank 16 in position to be operated upon. In the outer part of this abutting face 21 is a concavity 22, the inner curved wall of which constitutes a cam face, which merges into the Hat abutting face 21 at its lower end. A handle lever 23 is pivoted near itsouter end in the slot or chamber 13 of the inner shank 11. A pivot 24 passes transversely through the inner hollow end of the shank 11, and through the handle lever 23 to pivotally connect the lever to the inner shank. The outer end of the lever 23 has, at itsinner edge, an integral lobe or projecting cam portion 25 which merges at its outer end into the outer edge of the lever 23, which latter is slightly curved as shown at 26 to form substantially a continuation of the lobe 25. The lobe 25 is posh tioned directly opposite to the concavitv 22 and is adapted to project thereinto for enthe swinging of the lever 23 through a substantial distance, and into the position shown in Fig. 2.

In use, the wrench is normally in the position shown in Fig. 1, wherein the straight substantially parallelshanks 11 and 16 hold the jawslO and 15 in spaced relation and remain in such position by contact of the abutting face 21 against the inner edge of the shank 11. The handle lever 23 normally extends in longitudinal alinement with the inner shank 11, the lobe 25 resting in the concavity 22.

The wrench'is automatic in its adjustment, as when the jaws 10 and 15 'are'engaged about an object to be clamped by the wrench, such as the pipe 27, shown in Fig. 2, the jaws 10 and 15 may be contracted against the pipe until they bind firmly thereagainst. This action is effected by swinging the lever 23 outwardly about its pivot 24 toward and into the position shown in Fig.

' 2. This movement of the lever 23 forces the and rides over the cam wall of the concavity,

and as the lobe rises toward the abutting face 21, the closing action of the jaw 15 is accelerated. In Fig; 2, the pipe 27 is shown as being a relatively small object, so as to illustrate the closing limit of the wrench. Of course, the parts may be otherwise proportioned than here shown, so as to further contract the jaws 10 and 15. The object 27 may be readily released by merely swinging the handle lever 23 back into normal position, so as to release the jaw 15 and permit it to spring outwardly from the object and from the opposite jaw' 10. When the wrench is gripped upon an object and pressure is applied to the handle 23, it is evident that this pressure on the handle 23 will be trans- WVhilethe jaws 10 and 15 have been shown 7 I in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, as having serrated or toothed engaging faces, and the faces are concaved, it is to be understood that the jaws 1O and15 may be employed, which are provided with outwardly diverging relatively straight faces 12 having stepped teeth. The present structure is also applicable to pipe cutters, and the like, wherein a the inner faces of the jaws may be of any desired configuration and one of the jaws may be provided with the usual form of cutting disk or wheel, which is commonly employed. The shanks 11 andlG are preferably of the same thickness, so that when they are brought together, the abutting face 21 will have a substantial support, and the lobe 25 of the handle lever 23. will be relieved of all pressure or frictional contact with the outer shank when the wrench is not in use.

hat is claimed is A wrench comprising an inner jaw provided with an inwardly extending hollow shank open at its inner end and at its inner edge, and having spaced apart edgewise extending ears in its inner edge, a handle lever pivoted in said hollow shank and having an edgewise extending lobe projecting through said open inner edge of the shank, an outer jaw having an inwardly extending shank provided with a projecting lug at its inner edge for engagement between said ears,"and a pivot passing through the ears and the lug to pivotally connect the jaws, the shank of the outer jaw having a flat abutting face at its inner edge for engagement against the inner edge of the inner shank, and having a concavity in its abutting face to receive the lobe and to provide a cam surface in the concavity for the lobe to work against, said handle lever being adapted to be swung in said hollow shank to move the lobe outwardly against the said cam surface of the concavity to force the shanks apart and close the aws, said lobe being adapted to work out of the concavity and inwardly onto said abutting face to acceleratethe advancement of the outer jaw, the lower edge of the outer edge wall of the inner shank comprising a stop for engagement with the hand lever to limit the outward swinging of the same.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing Qopies of this patent may be obtained for five'cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of :gatents, Washington, D. Q.

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