US11553573B2 - Relay circuit and electric junction box - Google Patents

Relay circuit and electric junction box Download PDF

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Publication number
US11553573B2
US11553573B2 US16/981,475 US201916981475A US11553573B2 US 11553573 B2 US11553573 B2 US 11553573B2 US 201916981475 A US201916981475 A US 201916981475A US 11553573 B2 US11553573 B2 US 11553573B2
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United States
Prior art keywords
current
relay
load
minimum requirement
contact
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US16/981,475
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US20210027962A1 (en
Inventor
Shohei Okuyama
Hiroshi Kimoto
Shinji OSHITA
Nobutoshi Hagiwara
Kenichi TAKAYOSHI
Hiroki Onoyama
Takumi Matsumoto
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Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd
Toyota Motor Corp
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Sumitomo Wiring Systems Ltd
Toyota Motor Corp
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Assigned to TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA, SUMITOMO WIRING SYSTEMS, LTD. reassignment TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TAKAYOSHI, KENICHI, KIMOTO, HIROSHI, OKUYAMA, SHOHEI, OSHITA, Shinji, HAGIWARA, NOBUTOSHI, MATSUMOTO, TAKUMI, ONOYAMA, HIROKI
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H01H47/10—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current by switching-in or -out impedance external to the relay winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/021—Bases; Casings; Covers structurally combining a relay and an electronic component, e.g. varistor, RC circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/44—Magnetic coils or windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
    • H02G3/02—Details
    • H02G3/08—Distribution boxes; Connection or junction boxes

Definitions

  • the technology described herein relates to a relay circuit and an electric junction box.
  • a relay circuit that is configured for supplying power from a battery to a load via a relay has been known.
  • a first power supply voltage is applied to a lamp ECU and a multifunction circuit in a lighting function unit by an onboard battery via a first relay.
  • a second power supply voltage is applied to the multifunction circuit by the onboard battery via a second relay.
  • the first relay is normally on with an ignition switch or a lamp switch.
  • the second relay is switched on and off according to operation by a user. When the second relay is switched on, an operation signal is input to the multifunction circuit and a light emitting function of the lighting function unit becomes active.
  • a dummy load that includes multiple resistors connected in series is connected to an input line to input the second power supply voltage.
  • a dummy current flows through the dummy load. With the dummy current, a current flowing through the second relay is regulated to be equal to or above a minimum requirement current so that the second relay is less likely to have a contact failure.
  • An object is to provide a relay circuit that includes a relay that is less likely to have a contact failure without normally feeding a current that is equal to or larger than a minimum requirement current of the relay when the relay is in an on state.
  • a relay circuit described herein includes a mechanical relay and a current divider.
  • the mechanical relay includes a coil and a contact that is configured to switch on and off a supply of power to a load that is configured to operate with power supplied from a direct-current power supply through conduction of the coil.
  • the current divider is connected between the contact and the load and configured to split a current supplied from the power supply to the load.
  • the current divider includes a resistor and a capacitor connected in series and grounded.
  • the resistor and the capacitor are connected in series in the current divider, it is easy to temporarily increase the current that flows through the contact to be equal to or above a minimum requirement current of the mechanical relay when the mechanical relay is switched to an on state.
  • the mechanical relay is switched to the on state, an oxide film on a surface of the contact is broken to allow the current to flow without normally feeding the current that is equal to or larger than the minimum requirement current when the mechanical relay is switched to the on state. Therefore, the mechanical relay is less likely to have a contact failure.
  • the circuit configuration can be simplified and thus the production cost can be reduced.
  • the current divider may further include a discharge circuit connected in parallel.
  • the capacitor can be discharged through the discharge circuit when the mechanical relay is switched to the off state.
  • the capacitor is charged and the current that flows the current divider increases. Because the current that flows through the contact increases, the mechanical relay is further less likely to have the contact failure.
  • the power consumption in comparison to a configuration in which a current that is equal to or larger than the minimum requirement current is normally fed when the mechanical relay is in the on state, the power consumption can be reduced.
  • the current that flows through the load may be smaller than the minimum requirement current of the mechanical relay.
  • the relay is less likely to have a contact failure that is more likely to occur in a configuration in which a current that flows through a load is small.
  • An electric junction box includes the relay circuit.
  • the electric junction box is installed in a vehicle.
  • the relay in the relay circuit is less likely to have a contact failure without normally feeing a current that is equal to or larger than the minimum requirement current of the relay when the relay is in the on state.
  • FIG. 1 is a view illustrating an electric configuration including a relay circuit connected between a power supply and a load in a vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 is a view illustrating time-current characteristics of the relay circuit.
  • FIG. 3 is a view illustrating an electric configuration including a relay circuit, which is an comparative example, connected between the power supply and the load in the vehicle.
  • FIG. 4 is a view illustrating time-current characteristics of the relay circuit.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 .
  • a relay circuit 10 A according to this embodiment is held in an electric junction box 10 including an electronic control unit (ECU) installed in a vehicle such as an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle. As illustrated in FIG. 1 , the electric junction box 10 is disposed between a power supply B and a load LD to control a supply of power from the power supply B to the load LD.
  • ECU electronice control unit
  • the power supply B is a direct-current power supply.
  • the power supply B may be an onboard rechargeable battery such as a lead battery, a lithium-ion battery, and a capacitor.
  • the load LD may be installed in a vehicle and configured to operate with a relatively small current. Examples of the lead include lamps such as light emitting diodes (LEDs).
  • the relay circuit 10 A includes a relay 11 and a current divider 12 .
  • the relay 11 is configured to switch on and off the supply of power from the power supply B to the load LD.
  • the current divider 12 splits the current that is supplied from the power supply B to the load LD.
  • the relay 11 is a mechanical relay.
  • the relay 11 includes a coil 11 A and a contact 11 B. The supply of power to the load LD is switched on and off through conduction of the coil 11 A and the contact 11 B.
  • the relay 11 may be a normally open switch, that is, the contact 11 B is closed when the coil 11 A is conducted or a normally closed switch, that is, the contact 11 B is open when the coil 11 A is conducted.
  • the coil 11 A may be connected to a control circuit (not illustrated) configured to operate with a power that is supplied by the power supply B.
  • the control circuit may operate with the power that is supplied by the power supply B.
  • the contact 11 B is connected between the power supply B and the load LD.
  • a fuse F is connected between the power supply B and the contact 11 B.
  • the minimum requirement current IM is a predefined minimum current that does not cause a conductive failure due to an oxide film formed in the contact 11 B in the relay 11 .
  • the conductive failure is less likely to occur due to a break in the oxide film of the contact 11 B.
  • the minimum requirement current IM of the relay 11 is larger than a current I 3 that flows through the load LD (a rated load current).
  • the current divider 12 includes a series circuit 13 and a discharge circuit 14 .
  • the series circuit 13 includes a resistor R 1 and a capacitor C that are connected in series.
  • the discharge circuit 14 includes a resistor R 2 connected in parallel to the series circuit 13 .
  • the capacitor C in the series circuit 13 includes a first end that is connected to the resistor R 1 and a second end that is grounded. As illustrated in FIG. 1 , the current divider 12 includes a series circuit 13 and a discharge circuit 14 .
  • the series circuit 13 includes a resistor R 1 and a capacitor C that are connected in series.
  • the discharge circuit 14 includes a resistor R 2 connected in parallel to the series circuit 13 .
  • the capacitor C in the series circuit 13 includes a first end that is connected to the resistor R 1 and a second end that is grounded.
  • the resistor R 1 and the capacitor C are configured such that the current I 1 that flows through the contact 11 B is equal to or larger than the minimum requirement current IM when the contact 11 B of the relay is switched from an off state to an on state and the current I 1 is equal to or smaller than the minimum requirement current IM after the elapse of predefined time t (i.e., time constant is set).
  • the resistor R 2 in the discharge circuit 14 has a higher resistance in comparison to the series circuit 13 .
  • the contact 11 B is conducted, most of a current I 2 flows through the series circuit 13 .
  • the capacitor C is fully charged and the capacitor C holds a potential, the supply of power to the series circuit 13 stops and a small current IA according to the resistor R 2 flows through the discharge circuit 14 .
  • a relay circuit 20 which is an comparative example, is illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • the relay circuit 20 incudes a current divider 21 .
  • the current divider 21 includes a resistor unit that includes to multiple resistors R connected in series.
  • a current I 1 C [A] equal to or larger than the minimum requirement current IM [A] flows through the contact 11 B of the relay 11 that is on, a constant current I 2 C [A] that is defined based on a resistance of the resistor unit normally flows through the current divider 21 .
  • I 1 C [A] equal to or larger than the minimum requirement current IM [A] flows through the contact 11 B of the relay 11 that is on
  • I 2 C [A] that is defined based on a resistance of the resistor unit normally flows through the current divider 21 .
  • the current I 1 that flows through the contact 11 B sharply increases to be equal to or above the minimum requirement current IM and gradually decreases to be equal to or below the minimum requirement current IM. Then, the current I 1 that is defined based on the resistance of the load LD (and the discharge circuit 14 ) finally becomes constant (enters into a stable state).
  • This embodiment exerts the following functions and effects.
  • the relay circuit 10 A includes the relay 11 (the mechanical relay) and the current divider 12 .
  • the relay 11 includes the coil 11 A and the contact 11 B.
  • the contact 11 B is configured to switch the supply of power to the load LD through conduction of the coil 11 A.
  • the load LD is configured to operate with the power that is supplied by the direct-current power supply B.
  • the current divider 12 is connected between the contact 11 B and the load LD to split the current supplied from the power supply B to the load LD.
  • the resistor R 1 and the capacitor C are connected in series in the current divider 12 and grounded.
  • the resistor R 1 and the capacitor C are connected in series in the current divider 12 and thus it is easier to temporarily increase the current that flows through the contact 11 B to be equal to or above the minimum requirement current IM of the contact 11 B when the relay 11 is switched to the on state.
  • the oxide film on the surface of the contact 11 B is broken to pass the current without normally passing a current that is equal to or larger than the minimum requirement current IM. Therefore, the relay 11 is less likely to have a contact failure.
  • a circuit configuration is simplified and thus the production cost can be reduced.
  • the current divider 12 includes the series circuit 13 and the discharge circuit 14 .
  • the series circuit 13 includes the resistor R 1 and the capacitor C that are connected in series.
  • the discharge circuit 14 is connected in parallel to the series circuit 13 .
  • the capacitor C can be discharged through the discharge circuit 14 when the relay 11 is switched to the off state.
  • the capacitor C is charged and thus the current I 2 that flows through the current divider 12 increases and the current I 1 that flows through the contact 11 B increases. Therefore, the relay 11 is less likely to have a contact failure.
  • the current I 1 that flows through the contact 11 B increases to be equal to or above the minimum requirement current IM of the relay 11 and then decreases to be equal to or below the minimum requirement current IM and enters into a stable state, that is, a transient occurs.
  • the power consumption in comparison to the configuration in which the minimum requirement current IM normally flows when the relay 11 is in the on state, the power consumption can be reduced.
  • the current that flows through the load LD is smaller than the minimum requirement current IM of the relay 11 .
  • the relay 11 is less likely to have a contact failure in the configuration in which the contact failure is more likely to occur in the relay 11 because the current that flows through the load LD is small.
  • the number of the resistor R 1 and the number of the capacitor C in the series circuit 13 are not limited to those in the above embodiment. For example, multiple capacitors C may be connected in series or parallel. Further, the resistor R 1 rather than the capacitor C may be grounded.
  • the discharge circuit 14 connected to the series circuit 13 in parallel may not be included.
  • the resistor R 2 may be connected in series or parallel.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
US16/981,475 2018-03-22 2019-03-07 Relay circuit and electric junction box Active 2039-07-11 US11553573B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2018-054224 2018-03-22
JPJP2018-054224 2018-03-22
JP2018054224A JP6713014B2 (ja) 2018-03-22 2018-03-22 リレー回路及び電気接続箱
PCT/JP2019/009056 WO2019181531A1 (ja) 2018-03-22 2019-03-07 リレー回路及び電気接続箱

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US20210027962A1 US20210027962A1 (en) 2021-01-28
US11553573B2 true US11553573B2 (en) 2023-01-10

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US16/981,475 Active 2039-07-11 US11553573B2 (en) 2018-03-22 2019-03-07 Relay circuit and electric junction box

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US (1) US11553573B2 (ja)
JP (1) JP6713014B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN111801988A (ja)
WO (1) WO2019181531A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3094935B1 (fr) * 2019-04-09 2021-03-05 Psa Automobiles Sa Architecture électrique de véhicule automobile comprenant un boîtier de distribution d’au moins une alimentation électrique commutée, procédé pour son utilisation, et véhicule automobile l’incorporant

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0660949U (ja) 1993-01-29 1994-08-23 横河電機株式会社 リレー接点保護回路
JPH09215340A (ja) * 1996-02-07 1997-08-15 Toyota Motor Corp インバータ用回路
US5828192A (en) 1993-02-02 1998-10-27 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electric vehicle power feed system
JP2002262435A (ja) 2000-12-27 2002-09-13 Yazaki Corp 電気接続箱
US20090212627A1 (en) * 2008-02-21 2009-08-27 Hideki Sakata Car power source apparatus
US20110115287A1 (en) * 2009-11-19 2011-05-19 Anden Co., Ltd. Vehicular power supply circuit
US20120091792A1 (en) * 2011-06-29 2012-04-19 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for charging or discharging an electrical device
US20130119798A1 (en) 2011-11-14 2013-05-16 Wei Song Methods and systems for cleaning relay contacts
JP2015125800A (ja) 2013-12-25 2015-07-06 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用灯具
US20150210232A1 (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-07-30 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation On-vehicle electronic control device
US20170268449A1 (en) * 2014-08-25 2017-09-21 Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd. Diagnosis of boost capacitor using discharge circuit

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5606233B2 (ja) * 2010-09-13 2014-10-15 パナソニック株式会社 ハイブリッドリレー

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0660949U (ja) 1993-01-29 1994-08-23 横河電機株式会社 リレー接点保護回路
US5828192A (en) 1993-02-02 1998-10-27 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electric vehicle power feed system
JPH09215340A (ja) * 1996-02-07 1997-08-15 Toyota Motor Corp インバータ用回路
JP2002262435A (ja) 2000-12-27 2002-09-13 Yazaki Corp 電気接続箱
US20090212627A1 (en) * 2008-02-21 2009-08-27 Hideki Sakata Car power source apparatus
US20110115287A1 (en) * 2009-11-19 2011-05-19 Anden Co., Ltd. Vehicular power supply circuit
US20120091792A1 (en) * 2011-06-29 2012-04-19 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for charging or discharging an electrical device
US20130119798A1 (en) 2011-11-14 2013-05-16 Wei Song Methods and systems for cleaning relay contacts
JP2015125800A (ja) 2013-12-25 2015-07-06 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用灯具
US20150210232A1 (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-07-30 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation On-vehicle electronic control device
US20170268449A1 (en) * 2014-08-25 2017-09-21 Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd. Diagnosis of boost capacitor using discharge circuit

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
International Search Report, Application No. PCT/JP2019/009056, dated May 14, 2019. ISA/Japan Patent Office.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2019169261A (ja) 2019-10-03
US20210027962A1 (en) 2021-01-28
JP6713014B2 (ja) 2020-06-24
WO2019181531A1 (ja) 2019-09-26
CN111801988A (zh) 2020-10-20

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