US11289899B2 - Direct-current breaking device - Google Patents

Direct-current breaking device Download PDF

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Publication number
US11289899B2
US11289899B2 US17/256,794 US201817256794A US11289899B2 US 11289899 B2 US11289899 B2 US 11289899B2 US 201817256794 A US201817256794 A US 201817256794A US 11289899 B2 US11289899 B2 US 11289899B2
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current
switcher
switching element
circuit
direct
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US20210111556A1 (en
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Sho Tokoyoda
Takashi Inagaki
Kenji Kamei
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Assigned to MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION reassignment MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: INAGAKI, TAKASHI, KAMEI, KENJI, TOKOYODA, SHO
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/16—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a direct-current breaking device for interrupting direct current.
  • HVDC high-voltage direct-current
  • direct-current breaking devices high-voltage direct-current breaking devices
  • direct-current breaking devices In HVDC power transmission, high-voltage direct current flows through power lines. Direct current has no current zero, unlike alternating current. Thus, to interrupt direct current, a current zero is forcibly created between the poles of a main circuit breaker.
  • Patent Literature 1 mentioned below teaches a technology for providing a commutation circuit including a capacitor and a reactor, creating a current zero by superimposing a resonant current from the commutation circuit onto a main circuit breaker, and interrupting direct current at the current zero.
  • the commutation circuit is also called a “resonant circuit”.
  • the interruption method according to this technology is called a “forced extinction procedure”.
  • Patent Literature 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. S58-34525
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide a direct-current breaking device capable of performing operating duty of high-speed reclosure in HVDC power transmission without provision of an additional resonant circuit.
  • a direct-current breaking device includes a main circuit breaker inserted on a DC line, a resonant circuit connected in parallel with the main circuit breaker, and an energy absorbing unit connected in parallel with the main circuit breaker via the resonant circuit.
  • the resonant circuit includes first, second, third, and fourth switching elements, a capacitor, and a reactor.
  • a first circuit unit including the first switching element and the second switching element connected in series with each other, and a second circuit unit including the third switching element and the fourth switching element connected in series with each other are connected in parallel.
  • the capacitor is connected between a connection point of the first switching element and the second switching element and a connection point of the third switching element and the fourth switching element to constitute a bridge circuit.
  • the bridge circuit and the reactor are connected in series with each other.
  • a direct-current breaking device produces an effect of being capable of performing operating duty of high-speed reclosure in HVDC power transmission without provision of an additional resonant circuit.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a direct-current breaking device according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration implementing the functions of a control unit according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a first diagram for explaining charging operation of the direct-current breaking device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a second diagram for explaining the charging operation of the direct-current breaking device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a third diagram for explaining the charging operation of the direct-current breaking device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a fourth diagram for explaining the charging operation of the direct-current breaking device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a first diagram for explaining operation at a fault of the direct-current breaking device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a time-series waveform chart for explaining operation of the direct-current breaking device according to the first embodiment when high-speed reclosure is performed.
  • FIG. 9 is a second diagram for explaining the operation at a fault of the direct-current breaking device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged waveform chart of a part A in FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 11 is a first diagram for explaining a charging path immediately after fault interruption in the direct-current breaking device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a second diagram for explaining the charging path immediately after fault interruption in the direct-current breaking device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a direct-current breaking device according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a direct-current breaking device according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a sequence diagram for explaining operation of the direct-current breaking device according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a direct-current breaking device according to a fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a waveform chart for explaining operation of the direct-current breaking device according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a path of a resonant current in the direct-current breaking device according to the fourth embodiment.
  • connection A direct-current breaking device according to embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments below. In addition, electrical connection will be simply referred to as “connection” in the description below.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a direct-current breaking device according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration implementing the functions of a control unit according to the first embodiment.
  • the direct-current breaking device 1 includes, as main components, a main circuit breaker 12 , a resonant circuit 30 , a lightning arrester (metal oxide surge arrestor: hereinafter referred to as a “MOSA”) 2 , and a control unit 102 .
  • the MOSA 2 is an example of an energy absorbing unit.
  • the main circuit breaker 12 is inserted on a DC line 24 on the positive polarity side.
  • the main circuit breaker 12 is connected with an AC system 13 via a disconnector 15 and an AC/DC converter (referred to as “AC/DC” in FIG. 1 ) 14 .
  • the AC/DC converter 14 is a power converter that converts alternating current applied by the AC system 13 into direct current.
  • the disconnector 15 is a switching element for disconnecting the main circuit breaker 12 provided on the DC line 24 from the AC system 13 .
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a configuration in which a disconnector 18 and a direct-current breaking device 19 are also provided on a DC line 26 on the negative polarity side. Because the basic configuration of the direct-current breaking device 19 on the negative polarity side is similar to that of the direct-current breaking device 1 on the positive polarity side, a detailed configuration of the direct-current breaking device 19 is not illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the resonant circuit 30 is a circuit that, when a fault current flows through the DC line 24 , generates a resonance current to be superimposed on the fault current.
  • the resonant circuit 30 includes a first switching element 4 , a second switching element 5 , a third switching element 6 , a fourth switching element 7 , a capacitor 3 , and a reactor 16 .
  • the first switching element 4 and the second switching element 5 are connected in series with each other and constitute a first circuit unit 32 .
  • the third switching element 6 and the fourth switching element 7 are connected in series with each other and constitute a second circuit unit 33 .
  • the first circuit unit 32 and the second circuit unit 33 are connected in parallel.
  • the capacitor 3 is connected between a connection point 34 a of the first switching element 4 and the second switching element 5 and a connection point 34 b of the third switching element 6 and the fourth switching element 7 .
  • the first circuit unit 32 , the second circuit unit 33 , and the capacitor 3 constitute a bridge circuit 31 .
  • the bridge circuit 31 and the reactor 16 are connected in series with each other. While a configuration in which one end of the reactor 16 is connected to a connection point 36 b of the second switching element 5 and the fourth switching element 7 , and the other end of the reactor 16 is connected to the DC line 24 on the downstream side of the main circuit breaker 12 is illustrated in FIG. 1 , the configuration is not limited thereto.
  • a configuration in which one end of the reactor 16 is connected to a connection point 36 a of the first switching element 4 and the third switching element 6 , and the other end of the reactor 16 is connected to the DC line 24 on the upstream side of the main circuit breaker 12 may be employed.
  • the main circuit breaker 12 is assumed to be constituted by mechanical switches. While one example of the main circuit breaker 12 is a vacuum valve with high current interruption capability, a switching element other than the vacuum valve may be used as the main circuit breaker in addition, the first switching element 4 , the second switching element 5 , the third switching element 6 , and the fourth switching element 7 are also assumed to be constituted by mechanical switches. While a vacuum valve with high current interruption capability is an example of each of the switching elements, switching elements other than vacuum valves may be used.
  • the MOSA 2 is connected in parallel with the main circuit breaker 12 together with the resonant circuit 30 .
  • a series circuit constituted by the MOSA 2 and the reactor 16 is connected in parallel with the main circuit breaker 12 .
  • a charging resistor 9 which is a first charging resistor, is connected to the connection point 34 a of the bridge circuit 31 via a charging switch 8 , which is a first switch, and a charging resistor 11 , which is a second charging resistor, is connected to the connection point 34 b of the bridge circuit 31 via a charging switch 10 , which is a second switch.
  • An example of the charging switches 8 and 10 is a disconnector.
  • one end of the capacitor 3 is connected to the charging switch 8
  • the other end of the capacitor 3 is connected to the charging switch 10 . While a configuration in which one end of the charging resistor 9 is connected to the charging switch 8 and the other end of the charging resistor 9 is grounded is illustrated in FIG.
  • the order of connection of the charging switch 8 and the charging resistor 9 may be reversed. Specifically, a configuration in which one end of the charging resistor 9 is connected to the connection point 34 a and the other end of the charging resistor 9 is grounded via the charging switch 8 may be employed. Similar configurations are applicable to the charging switch 10 and the charging resistor 11 .
  • VC represents a voltage appearing across the capacitor 3 as a result of charging the capacitor 3 .
  • the voltage appearing across the capacitor 3 will be referred to as a “capacitor inter-terminal voltage”.
  • the direction indicated by an arrow is assumed to be a “positive” direction of the voltage.
  • a state in which the voltage on the connection point 34 a side of the capacitor 3 is higher than the voltage on the connection point 34 b side thereof is defined as a “positive” capacitor inter-terminal voltage Vc.
  • the charging switch 8 is opened and the charging switch 10 is closed.
  • the charging switch 10 is opened and the charging switch 8 is closed. Details of the operation at charging will be described later.
  • Vb represents a voltage appearing between the poles of the main circuit breaker 12 .
  • the voltage appearing between the poles of the main circuit breaker 12 will be referred to as an “inter-pole voltage”.
  • the direction indicated by an arrow is assumed to be a “positive” direction of the voltage.
  • a state in which the voltage on the upstream side of the main circuit breaker 12 is higher than the voltage on the downstream side thereof is defined as a “positive” inter-pole voltage Vb.
  • FIG. 1 a fault point 17 of an assumed ground fault is illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • “Ir” in FIG. 1 represents a resonant current to be superimposed from the capacitor 3 of the resonant circuit 30 onto the main circuit breaker 12 when a ground fault has occurred at the fault point 17 .
  • This current is referred to as a “resonant current”, and the direction indicated by an arrow is defined as a “positive” direction of the resonant current Ir. Note that the operation upon a fault will be described later.
  • the control unit 102 controls the main circuit breaker 12 , the first switching element 4 , the second switching element 5 , the third switching element 6 , the fourth switching element 7 , and opening and closing of charging switches 8 and 10 .
  • the main circuit breaker 12 , the first switching element 4 , the second switching element 5 , the third switching element 6 , the fourth switching element 7 , the charging switches 8 and 10 , and the disconnectors 15 and 18 may collectively be referred to as “switches”.
  • a configuration including a processor 200 that performs computation, a memory 202 in which programs to be read by the processor 200 are saved, and an interface 204 for signal input and output can be used. Programs for controlling opening and closing of the respective switches are held in the memory 202 .
  • the control unit 102 performs control that will be described later by providing and receiving necessary information via the interface 204 and causing the processor 200 to execute the programs held in the memory 202 .
  • the processor 200 may be a computation means such as a computing device, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, a central processing unit (CPU), or a digital signal processor (DSP).
  • the memory 202 is a nonvolatile or volatile semiconductor memory such as a random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), or an electrically EPROM (EEPROM; registered trademark).
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • EPROM erasable programmable ROM
  • EEPROM electrically EPROM
  • control unit 102 charging operation of the direct-current breaking device 1 according to the first embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6 .
  • the operation described below is controlled by the control unit 102 .
  • the recitation of the “control unit 102 ” that is the subject of the control may be omitted where appropriate in the following description.
  • FIG. 3 is a first diagram for explaining the charging operation of the direct-current breaking device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the states of the respective switches are as follows: the first switching element 4 is “open”, the second switching element 5 is “closed”, the third switching element 6 is “open”, the fourth switching element 7 is “open”, the charging switch 8 is “open”, the charging switch 10 is “closed”, the main circuit breaker 12 is “closed”, and the disconnector 15 is “closed”.
  • current flows through a path of the disconnector 15 , the main circuit breaker 12 , the reactor 16 , the second switching element 5 , the capacitor 3 , the charging switch 10 , and the charging resistor 11 , and the capacitor 3 is charged with positive polarity.
  • FIG. 4 is a second diagram for explaining the charging operation of the direct-current breaking device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the states of the respective switches are as follows: the first switching element 4 is “closed”, the second switching element 5 is “open”, the third switching element 6 is “open”, the fourth switching element 7 is “open”, the charging switch 8 is “open”, the charging switch 10 is “closed”, and the disconnector 15 is “closed”.
  • the main circuit breaker 12 may be either “closed” or “open”. In this case, current flows through a path of the disconnector 15 , the first switching element 4 , the capacitor 3 , the charging switch 10 and the charging resistor 11 , and the capacitor 3 is charged with positive polarity.
  • FIG. 5 is a third diagram for explaining the charging operation of the direct-current breaking device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the states of the respective switches are as follows: the first switching element 4 is “open”, the second switching element 5 is “open”, the third switching element 6 is “open”, the fourth switching element 7 is “closed”, the charging switch 8 is “closed”, the charging switch 10 is “open”, the main circuit breaker 12 is “closed”, and the disconnector 15 is “closed”.
  • current flows through a path of the disconnector 15 , the main circuit breaker 12 , the reactor 16 , the fourth switching element 7 , the capacitor 3 , the charging switch 8 , and the charging resistor 9 , and the capacitor 3 is charged with negative polarity.
  • FIG. 6 is a fourth diagram for explaining the charging operation of the direct-current breaking device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the states of the respective switches are as follows: the first switching element 4 is “open”, the second switching element 5 is “open”, the third switching element 6 is “closed”, the fourth switching element. 7 is “open”, the charging switch 8 is “closed”, the charging switch 10 is “open”, and the disconnector 15 is “closed”.
  • the main circuit breaker 12 may be either “closed” or “open”. In this case, current flows through a path of the disconnector 15 , the third switching element 6 , the capacitor 3 , the charging switch 8 , and the charging resistor 9 , and the capacitor 3 is charged with negative polarity.
  • the direct-current breaking device 1 controls any one of the first switching element 4 , the second switching element 5 , the third switching element 6 , and the fourth switching element 7 and either one of the charging switch 8 and the charging switch 10 to be “closed” depending on the state of the main circuit breaker 12 , and the capacitor 3 can thus be charged with positive polarity or negative polarity.
  • all of the first switching element 4 , the second switching element 5 , the third switching element 6 , the fourth switching element 7 , the charging swatch 8 , and the charging switch 10 are controlled to be “open”. As a result, the capacitor 3 is held in a state charged to a voltage corresponding to the system voltage.
  • FIG. 7 is a first diagram for explaining the operation at a fault of the direct-current breaking device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • a fault current in the positive direction of the main circuit breaker current Ib as defined above flows.
  • the control unit 102 controls the second switching element 5 and the third switching element 6 to be “closed”.
  • the main circuit breaker 12 is controlled to be “open”.
  • the second switching element 5 and the third switching element 6 are two switching elements on opposite sides of the bridge circuit 31 facing each other.
  • the resonant current Ir in the positive direction as defined above is superimposed onto the main circuit breaker 12 .
  • a current zero is created in the fault current, and the fault current can be interrupted at the current zero or a current point near the current zero.
  • the first switching element 4 and the fourth switching element 7 may be controlled to be “closed” when the capacitor 3 is charged with negative polarity.
  • the first switching element 4 and the fourth switching element 7 are also two switching elements on opposite sides of the bridge circuit 31 facing each other.
  • FIG. 8 is a time-series waveform chart for explaining operation of the direct-current breaking device 1 according to the first embodiment when high-speed reclosure is performed.
  • FIG. 9 is a second diagram for explaining the operation at a fault of the direct-current breaking device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged waveform chart of a part A in FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 11 is a first diagram for explaining a charging path immediately after fault interruption in the direct-current breaking device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a second diagram for explaining the charging path immediately after fault interruption in the direct-current breaking device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates waveforms of the capacitor inter-terminal voltage Vc, the main circuit breaker current Ib, the resonant current Ir, and the inter-pole voltage Vb, in this order from the top. These waveforms are current waveforms or voltage waveforms in the respective units assumed in a case where high-speed reclosure is repeated and interruption is performed up to three times.
  • the capacitor 3 is shown to be charged with negative polarity because the capacitor inter-terminal voltage Vc is negative. Then, when a fault occurs at time A, an opening command from the control unit 102 is input to the direct-current breaking device 1 at time B, so that the main circuit breaker 12 is controlled to be “open” and the first switching element 4 and the fourth switching element 7 are controlled to be “closed”.
  • a state in which the fault current and the resonant current Ir flow is illustrated in FIG. 9 .
  • the charging polarity of the capacitor 3 and the switching elements controlled to be “closed” are different. As is result of this control, a zero point is created in the fault current flowing through the main circuit breaker 12 , and the fault current flowing through the main circuit breaker 12 is interrupted.
  • the 10 illustrates an enlarged waveform of the residual current, which continues to flow via a leak resistance of the MOSA 2 , the capacitor 3 , and the reactor 16 .
  • the first switching element 4 and the fourth switching element 7 controlled to be “closed” at the first interruption are controlled to be “open” at time C.
  • the residual current is interrupted.
  • the first switching element 4 , the second switching element 5 , the third switching element 6 , and the fourth switching element 7 are switching element having not only closing functions but also interrupting functions.
  • the first fault current is removed.
  • the capacitor inter-terminal voltage Vc is maintained for the next interruption.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a charging path of the capacitor 3 immediately after fault interruption.
  • the first switching element 4 and the fourth switching element 7 are controlled to be “closed”.
  • the state immediately after the main circuit breaker 12 opened is as illustrated in FIG. 11 .
  • a charging path to the capacitor is formed toward the fault point 17 .
  • the charging path is a path of the first switching element 4 , the capacitor 3 , the fourth switching element 7 , and the reactor 16 this order. Consequently, the capacitor 3 is charged with positive polarity, which is the reverse of the polarity in the initial state.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a charging path of the capacitor 3 immediately after fault interruption, which is different from that of FIG. 11 .
  • the second switching element 5 and the third switching element 6 are controlled to be “closed”.
  • the state immediately after the main circuit breaker 12 is opened is as illustrated in FIG. 12 .
  • a charging path to the capacitor 3 is formed toward the fault point 17 .
  • the charging path is a path of the third switching element 6 , the capacitor 3 , the second switching element 5 , and the reactor 16 in this order. Consequently, the capacitor 3 is charged with negative polarity, which is the reverse of the polarity in the state immediately after the first interruption.
  • the capacitor 3 can be charged with positive polarity and negative polarity even when the main circuit breaker 12 is in the open state as explained with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6 .
  • use of the direct-current breaking device 1 according to the first embodiment enables charging of the capacitor 3 to be completed before the direct-current breaking device 1 is input to the system.
  • the capacitor 3 can be charged with positive polarity and negative polarity when the main circuit breaker 12 is in the closed state as explained with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6 .
  • the capacitor 3 can be charged immediately after the main circuit breaker 12 is installed.
  • the capacitor 3 can be recharged during normal operation in which the main circuit breaker 12 is closed.
  • the capacitor 3 can be charged with either of positive polarity and negative polarity, suitable charging polarity depending on the condition can be selected.
  • the resonant circuit connected in parallel with the main circuit breaker is constituted by the first circuit unit and the second circuit unit connected in parallel, in which the first circuit unit includes the first switching element and the second switching element are connected in series with each other, and the second circuit unit includes the third switching element and the fourth switching element connected in series with each other.
  • the bridge circuit in which the capacitor is connected between the connection point of the first switching element and the second switching element and the connection point of the third switching element and the fourth switching element is provided.
  • the direct-current breaking device is thus capable of performing operating duty of high-speed reclosure in HVDC power transmission without provision of an additional resonant circuit.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a direct-current breaking device 1 A according to a second embodiment.
  • the direct-current breaking device 1 A according to the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13 includes two main circuit breakers 12 a and 12 b connected in series with each other and replacing the one main circuit breaker 12 in the configuration of the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 . Because the direct-current breaking device 19 on the negative polarity side has a similar configuration, the direct-current breaking device is represented by 19 A in FIG. 13 . Note that the other configuration is the same as or equivalent to that in FIG. 1 , and the same or equivalent components are represented by the same reference numerals and redundant description thereof will be omitted.
  • the main circuit breaker 12 a which is a first main circuit breaker, is used for interruption at an odd number of times, for example
  • the main circuit breaker 12 b which is a second main circuit breaker, is used for interruption at an even number of times, for example.
  • the order of interruption of the main circuit breaker 12 a and the main circuit breaker 12 b may be reversed.
  • the main circuit breaker 12 a which is the first main circuit breaker, is used for interruption at an even number of times
  • the main circuit breaker 12 b which is the second main circuit breaker, is used for interruption at an odd number of times.
  • the main circuit breaker 12 a and the main circuit breaker 12 b are alternately used in interruption and in closing.
  • the main (circuit breaker 12 is assumed to be constituted by mechanical switches.
  • mechanical switches are said that the transitions thereof from “closed” to “open” which are interrupting operations, are slower than the transitions thereof from “open” to “closed”, which are closing operations.
  • one main circuit breaker is not sufficient to meet a high-speed request when an interruption command is output after a closing command is output.
  • the main circuit breaker is constituted by two main circuit breakers connected in series with each other, and the two main circuit breakers are used alternately in interruption and in closing. This enables the speed of opening operations of the whole main circuit breakers to be increased.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a direct-current breaking device 1 B according to a third embodiment.
  • the direct-current breaking device 1 B according to the third embodiment illustrated in FIG. 14 includes a first circuit unit 32 A replacing the first circuit unit 32 in the configuration of the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 , and a second circuit unit 33 A replacing the second circuit unit 33 in the configuration of the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the first circuit unit 32 A includes two first switching elements 4 a and 4 b connected in series with each other and replacing the one first switching element 4 in the first circuit unit 32 illustrated in FIG.
  • the direct-current breaking device 19 on the negative polarity side has a similar configuration, the direct-current breaking device is represented by 19 B in FIG. 14 . Note that the other configuration is the same as or equivalent to that in FIG. 1 , and the same or equivalent components are represented by the same reference numerals and redundant description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 15 is a sequence diagram for explaining operation of the direct-current breaking device 1 B according to the third embodiment.
  • a high-speed request when an interruption command is output after a closing command is output is assumed in a manner similar to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates an operation sequence of one switching element in the case where one switching element is present on each of the sides of the bridge circuit.
  • the interrupting operation is started only after completion of the closing operation.
  • an interruption command is output after completion of a closing operation; however, even if an interruption command is output before completion of a closing operation, the time from the output of the closing command to the completion of the interruption cannot be shortened to be equal to or shorter than the sum of the closing operation time and the interrupting operation time.
  • the middle part and the lower part of FIG. 15 illustrate operation sequences of two switching elements the case where two switching elements are present on each of the sides of the bridge circuit.
  • one of the two switching elements is used as a switching element for closing (hereinafter referred to as a “switching element 1 ”), and the other is used as a switching element for interruption (hereinafter referred to as a “switching element 2 ”).
  • switching element 1 is set to the open state and the switching element 2 is set to the closed state during normal operation, and all of the switching elements can thus be set to the open state.
  • the switching element 1 In response to a closing command, the switching element 1 is controlled to be “closed”. In a case where an interruption command is output before completion of a closing operation, the interruption command can be output to the switching element 2 without waiting for completion of a closing operation of the switching element 1 .
  • the time from the output of the closing command to the completion of the interruption can be shortened to be equal to or shorter than the sum of the closing operation time of one switching element and the interrupting operation time of one switching element. As a result, a high-speed request when an interruption command is output after a closing command is output can be met.
  • each of the switching elements arranged on the respective sides of the bridge circuit is constituted by two switching elements connected in series with each other, one of which being for closing and the other of which being for interruption.
  • the operation speed when an interruption command is output after a closing command is output can be increased.
  • the charging time of the capacitor 3 during high-speed reclosure can be further shortened.
  • each of the switching elements arranged on the respective sides of the bridge circuit is constituted by two switching elements connected in series with each other
  • the configuration may alternatively be applied to the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13 .
  • the effects of the second embodiment are also produced as a result of application to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a direct-current breaking device 1 C according to a fourth embodiment.
  • the direct-current breaking device 1 C according to the fourth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16 includes a first circuit unit 32 B replacing the first circuit unit 32 in the configuration of the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 , and a second circuit unit 33 B replacing the second circuit unit 33 in the configuration of the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the first circuit unit 323 additionally includes a reactor 20 connected in series with the second switching element 5 .
  • the second circuit unit 333 additionally includes a reactor 21 connected in series with the third switching element 6 .
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a direct-current breaking device 1 C according to a fourth embodiment.
  • the direct-current breaking device 1 C according to the fourth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16 includes a first circuit unit 32 B replacing the first circuit unit 32 in the configuration of the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 , and a second circuit unit 33 B replacing the second circuit
  • a reactor is additionally connected in series with each of the switching elements of either one combination on opposite sides of the bridge circuit 31 B facing each other.
  • the additional reactors 20 and 21 may be included in the respective switching elements or may be connected externally to the respective switching elements.
  • the configuration of the fourth embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16 includes the bridge circuit 31 B replacing the bridge circuit 31 , and a resonant circuit 30 B replacing the resonant circuit 30 .
  • the direct-current breaking device 19 on the negative polarity side has a similar configuration, the direct-current breaking device is represented by 19 C in FIG. 16 .
  • the other configuration is the same as or equivalent to that in FIG. 1 , and the same or equivalent components are represented by the same reference numerals and redundant description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 17 is a waveform chart for explaining operation of the direct-current breaking device 1 C according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates waveforms of the main circuit breaker current Ib on which a resonant current is superimposed.
  • the upper part illustrates a current waveform when the current is relatively large
  • the middle part and the lower part illustrate current waveforms when the current is relatively small.
  • the upper part and the middle part illustrate the current waveforms when the first switching element 4 and the fourth switching element 7 are controlled to be “closed” and the resonant current is superimposed in the configuration of FIG. 16 .
  • the lower part illustrates the current waveform when the second switching element 5 and the third switching element 6 are controlled to be “closed” and the resonant current is superimposed in the configuration of FIG. 16 .
  • the second switching element 5 and the third switching element 6 are used, current flows through the reactors 20 and 21 .
  • the slopes of the current rise and fall in the resonant current are gentle as compared with a case where the current does not flow through the reactors 20 and 21 .
  • the interruption current is large, and a slope K 1 of current at a current zero at which a zero crossing first occurs is thus smaller than a slope K 2 , which will be explained later, as illustrated in the upper part of FIG. 17 .
  • the interruption current is smaller than the fault current, and the slope K 2 of current at a current zero at which a zero crossing first occurs is larger than the aforementioned slope K 1 as illustrated in the middle part of FIG. 17 .
  • the sloe K 2 is large, the current may not be interrupted at the first current zero.
  • the resonant current flows through the reactors connected in series with the switching elements as described above.
  • the waveform of the resonant current itself becomes gentle, and a slope K 3 becomes smaller.
  • the current can be reliably interrupted at the first current zero.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a path of a resonant current in the direct-current breaking device 1 C according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the direction in which the man circuit breaker current Ib flows is the same as the direction in which the resonant current Ir flows.
  • Such a manner of current superimposition is called “forward polarity”.
  • the example of FIG. 18 corresponds to the forward polarity because the capacitor 3 is charged with negative polarity.
  • the resonant current Ir can be caused to flow through a path opposite of that in FIG. 18 , that is, with reverse polarity, which enables a current zero to be reached earlier.
  • a reactor is additionally connected in series with each of the switching elements of either one combination on opposite sides of the bridge circuit facing each other.
  • While the configuration in which a reactor is additionally connected in series with each of the switching elements of one combination on opposite sides of the bridge circuit 31 B facing each other is applied to the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 in the fourth embodiment, the configuration may alternatively be applied to the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13 and to the third embodiment illustrated in FIG. 14 .
  • the effects of the second and third embodiments are also produced as a result of application to the second and third embodiments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
US17/256,794 2018-08-24 2018-08-24 Direct-current breaking device Active US11289899B2 (en)

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US11972915B2 (en) * 2019-05-28 2024-04-30 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Breaking device
JP6921364B1 (ja) * 2020-12-09 2021-08-18 三菱電機株式会社 直流遮断器および直流遮断器システム
CN113659541B (zh) * 2021-07-23 2022-09-09 华中科技大学 基于波形相似度匹配的多端直流电网重合闸方法及系统

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EP3843118B1 (de) 2023-03-01
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JP6509466B1 (ja) 2019-05-08
JPWO2020039580A1 (ja) 2020-08-27
EP3843118A4 (de) 2022-03-09

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