UA79910C2 - Device for transporting and cleaning tuberous roots - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for transporting and cleaning tuberous roots has a frame, a feed apron, a baffle brush, a cleaner as a hollow cone on the upper part of which a rotary heap distributor is arranged, and also an unloading feeder. The hollow cone placed vertically and connected with a rotary drive has at its upper part a heap distributor in the form of projecting drive shaft whereon, at different height, are serially mounted a round brush with two rows of elastic fingers arranged at angle to each other, and additional cleaner placed in the bottom part at three spindles as the hollow cone which upper part has a round brush with radially directed vertical elastic loops fixed on it.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for transporting and 2 cleaning root vegetables, which can be used in potato harvesting machines.

There are many devices for transporting and cleaning roots and tubers from soil and plant residues, which include, as a rule, sequentially placed main active separating working body, made in the form of a screw or roller cleaner, as well as additional cleaning elements, which are rod conveyors, cleaning slides , clod crushers, chopper and guide brushes with elastic rods and 70 etc. see book: Petrov G.D. Potato harvesters. Calculation and design. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1972. -400 p.). The technological process of operation of the specified devices occurs in such a way that the transition of a pile of roots and tubers from one cleaning working body to another takes place without activating movements and providing different cleaning efforts based on the principle of action.

The closest to the device for transporting and cleaning root vegetables is the well-known device, the main essence of which is found in (AS USSR Mo1752240, AO1017/04, AO1027/04, publ. 07.08.1992, bull. Mo29 - prototype), which includes a separating working body, the shape of which has the form of an empty cone, which consists of different types of cleaners installed inside and outside: a transverse bar conveyor, above which blocks of cleaning brushes with elastic blades are installed, a cleaning slide and an unloading conveyor.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the low quality of root and tuber cleaning from impurities, which is due to the fact that the pile of root and tuber that is being cleaned passes from one cleaning working body to another in large mass without actually being dispersed and separated. It is not always possible to disperse and subsequently separate a large mass of piles fed to the cleaning device due to the limited cleaning time.

The invention aims to improve the quality of root tuber cleaning from sticky soil. p. 29 The task set by the invention is achieved by the fact that the device for transporting and cleaning root and tuber crops, which includes a frame, a feeding conveyor, a chop brush, a cleaner in the form of an empty cone, on top of which a rotary pile distributor is installed, as well as an unloading conveyor, according to the invention, is empty the cone, installed vertically and connected to the drive in a rotary motion, contains a heap distributor installed from above in the form of a cantilever drive shaft, on which a round brush with two rows of rows of elastic fingers located at an angle to each other at different heights of 30 is successively installed and placed below on three rods of an additional cleaner, in the form of an empty cone, the upper part of which contains a round brush with vertical elastic loops fixed on its base in the radial direction. F

The device for transporting and cleaning root and tuber crops is schematically shown in Fig. 1 - general 325 side view. -

Fig. 2 shows view A in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows a section B-B in Fig. 1.

The device for transporting and cleaning root and tuber crops consists of a frame 1, a feeding conveyor 2, a chopper brush Z, a cleaner made in the form of an empty cone 4, the top of which Z 0 is directed downwards, and the creative surface is formed by longitudinally spaced cylindrical bars 5 installed with gaps. The empty cone 4 is connected to the drive b in rotational motion. Empty cone 4

"Iz" contains a top-mounted distributor in the form of a cantilever drive (drive not shown) shaft 7, on which a round brush 8 with two rows of elastic fingers 9 located at an angle to each other are installed at different heights. From below, 49 under the brush 8, on the shaft 7 on three rods 10, an additional cleaner 11 is installed, which is made in the form 7 of an empty cone, the top of which is directed downwards, and the creative surface is formed by transverse round bars 12 located with gaps (Te) to each other in in the form of concentric circles located perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. In the upper part of the additional cleaner 11, there is a round brush at 13, which is formed by vertical elastic loops fixed on its base in the radial direction. -k 70 The drive shaft 7 has the direction of rotational movement opposite to the direction of rotation of the hollow cone 4. Under the lower end of the hollow cone 4, a finger cleaning slide 14 is placed obliquely, and under its lower end with the output end there is an unloading conveyor 15 horizontally. rotational movements of the working parts of the device are shown by arrows.

The device for transporting and cleaning root vegetables works as follows. A pile of roots and tubers to be cleaned is fed inside by means of a feed conveyor 2

ГФ) of the upper hollow cone 4, installed vertically and the top of which is directed downwards. Chop brush

Z, which is installed on the frame 1, directs the pile flow to the surface of the round brush 8. Due to the fact that the round brush 8 has a continuous cone-shaped reflector on top and rotates thanks to the cantilever drive shaft 7, the pile is involved in a complex movement: downward along the cone-shaped reflector and rotating together with a brush 8. 60 This leads to the fact that the pile of root crops is significantly dispersed, its internal connections are destroyed and it falls apart into separate components under the action of gravity and external forces. The rotation of the round brush 8 with a certain angular speed contributes to the dispersion of pile parts throughout the inner part of the hollow cone 4, and through the longitudinal cylindrical rods 5, which are installed with gaps to each other, a significant amount of soil impurities is separated. At the same time, since the empty cone 4, thanks to the drive 6, rotates in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the round brush 8, the change in the direction of movement of the parts of the pile during its contact with the rods leads to impacts (insignificant in size) of the root tuber bodies against the surface of the rods 5 and the almost forced removal of soil impurities through the specified gaps between the rods 5. Next, under the influence of the weight of the root-bulb bodies, they try to move downwards, but fall on the upper row of elastic fingers 9, which has an upward direction, which contributes to the capture of the root-bulb bodies themselves and their transportation, some time interval, in a circle (part of a circle), along the rods 5 of the hollow cone 4, which rotates in the opposite direction. All this will contribute to a very effective covering of the soil stuck to the surface of root crops. However, after a certain period of time, the bodies of root and tuber plants move into the space of elastic fingers 9 and /o0 located at an angle to each other. Under the influence of their own weight, the root tuber bodies bend the second row of elastic fingers 9 and move further down. Due to the fact that all the components of the heap are located, due to centrifugal forces, in the zone close to the inner surface of the hollow cone 4, their downward fall will occur right here along the entire perimeter of the circle. In this way, the components of the pile reach, despite the presence of three rods 10, when the additional cleaner 11 falls down, which /5 Made in the form of an empty cone, the top of which is directed downwards, and the creative surface is formed by transverse round rods 12 located with gaps to each other in the form concentric circles located perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. At the same time, since there is a round brush 13 in the upper part of the cleaner 11, which is formed by vertical elastic loops fixed on its base in the radial direction, the bodies of the root and tuber fruits elastically hit the vertical loops and are directed into the additional cleaner 11. Small soil impurities and plant residues do not have elastic shocks against the vertical loops of the round brush 13, and therefore through the gaps between the brush 13 and the inner surface of the hollow cone 4, as well as through the gaps between the loops themselves fall down. The root tuber bodies, after getting inside the additional cleaner 11, move down across its rods 12 and the adhering soil is very effectively combed from their surfaces. Soil impurities are also removed from the pile of roots and tubers through the opening of rods 12. Having finally reached the lower output end of the additional cleaner 11, the roots and tubers and the part of the pile that is not removed through the gaps between the rods 12 fall onto the web of the finger cleaning slide i) 14. Due to the fact that in in the vast majority of root and tuber bodies are round in shape and as solid bodies, they roll down the web of the finger cleaning slide 14, while soil impurities and plant remains, on the contrary, are not capable of rolling down, and therefore are captured by the fingers of the slide 14 and carried out through its upper end beyond the limits of from cleaning. The roots and tubers, completely cleaned of impurities, enter the unloading conveyor 15 and are loaded into a bunker or a vehicle. --

The use of this device for transporting and cleaning root and tuber crops will improve the quality of cleaning root and tuber crops from sticky soil by 25-30,905. (22)

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Claims (1)

The formula of the invention is a device for transporting and cleaning root and tuber crops, consisting of a frame, a feeding conveyor, a chipping brush, a cleaner in the form of a hollow cone, on top of which a rotary pile distributor is installed, as well as an unloading conveyor, which is distinguished by the fact that the hollow cone "in c is installed vertically and connected to the drive in a rotary motion, contains a pile distributor installed from above in the form of a cantilever drive shaft, on which a circular brush with: c» two rows of elastic fingers located at an angle to each other are successively installed at different heights, and located below on three rods of an additional cleaner in the form of a hollow cone, the upper part of which contains a round brush with vertical elastic loops fixed on its base in the radial direction. -I se) se) - 50 (42) F) name) 60 b5