UA64856A - Descending device - Google Patents

Abstract

The descending device contains the casing with the adjustable brake appliance inside coming into contact with the cord. The casing is designed as a tube with the adjustable brake appliance representing lower and upper braking levers located inside. The ends of the levers adjusted to the cord are equipped with the push crest extending through the slot in the tube and the corrugated supporting surface contacting the cord directly and juxtaposed with the opposite corrugated surface in such a way that the protrusions fit the corresponding opposing hollows. In addition, the chain equipped with the snap hooks is attached to the cord. The chain contains the fixing arm designed as the arch-like wire triangle. The safety loop attached to the tube is inserted into the eye rings of the tube.

Description

The proposed device belongs to the means of rescuing people in case of fires and other disasters thanks to their descent from tall buildings.

A well-known device for lowering people, which has a drum with a cable and a lowering device at one of its ends, as well as a descent regulator in the form of disks installed in a viscous medium, connected to a braking device (see author of the USSR, Me1560233 , Ab2B 1/00, Byul.Me16, 1990).

The disadvantage of this device is that it is complex in design, heavy, expensive, and therefore cannot be used on a mass scale, in every high-rise building.

A well-known device for the emergency descent of people, which has a body with a suspension and a drum in it with a safety cable and a braking device in the form of braking pads located in the body around the drum (see author of the USSR Mo1563708, Ab2B 1/00, Byul.Me18, 1990).

The disadvantage of this and other similar devices is that they are only braking devices, and in general, as a means of fastening with other necessary devices for fixation and descent, this device and others like it do not give a complete idea of how the device is used during descents and what is his complete set.

A rescue device is known, which has a body with a loop installed on the axis, which contains coils, to the end cups of which tires are attached, the cavities of which are filled with a viscous liquid, and the power tape is draped over a coil equipped with a braking mechanism in the form of disks placed in these cavities (see Auth. USSR Me1430031, Ab2B 1/08, Byul. Me38, 1988).

The disadvantage of this device, although it has all the elements for braking when a person descends, but does not have a means of securing and fixing it on this device. And the main thing is that its means of braking is also very complex.

A descent device is known which has a coil on an axis located in a housing with a flexible element wound on it, having a handle kinetically connected to a braking mechanism, which has a housing in which a flywheel is placed in a viscous fluid.

The disadvantage of this device is that it is very complex in design and very heavy and therefore expensive for mass use and equipping many houses (see author of the USSR Mo1625493, Ab2B 1/12, Byul. Me5, 1991).

The closest in terms of technical essence is the trigger device, which has a body in the form of hinged plates that create a braking mechanism in the form of rollers that come into contact with the cord, and a braking control device (see author of the USSR Me1655518, Ab2B 1/14, Bull. Mme22, 1991).

The disadvantage of the prototype is that, although this device is much smaller, lighter and simpler in design, it also does not have all the necessary elements for lowering a person - neither fixing its body on the support, nor fixing and securing the rescuing person on its moving cord.

The invention is based on the task, taking into account the positive and negative aspects of the prototype - the trigger device, to create such a version of the rescue tool, so that its device is simpler in design, light, cheap, suitable for mass use in every high-rise building and, at the same time, sufficiently reliable and convenient to use.

The task is solved by the fact that in the rescue device, which has a housing with a means of regulating braking, which is in contact with the cord, according to the proposed invention, the housing is made in the form of a tube, and the means of adjustable braking - in the form of upper and lower braking handles, each of which is fitted to the cord placed in the tube and has, on the one hand, a pressing ridge protruding through the opening of the tube, and on the other side - a bed in contact with the cord with a wavy surface, oriented to a similar surface opposite the stop attached to the tube so that their ridges coincide with depressions, at the same time, carabiners are additionally attached: to the cord - a chain with a fixing bracket in the form of an arc-shaped wire triangle, and to the tube - a fixing cord loop, and a safety lanyard in the form of a manual loop placed in the eyelet of the tube covering the cord.

The technical and consumer result, which can be achieved due to the use of all the features specified in the proposal, which distinguishes it from the prototype, is that this device is simpler in design, and at the same time provides all the processes of human descent, its insurance and reliable rescue without any outside help, complex instructions and motor skills.

The essence of what is proposed is explained by the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows the process of using the trigger; in Fig. 2 - a changeable bracket with a rope, a braking device, a fixing loop and a chain in axonometry; in Fig. 3 - the same, top view; in Fig. 4 - the same, in the form of saving; in Fig. 5 - a fragment of the use of the rope - fixation and braking; in Fig. 6 - the same, enlarged; Fig. 7 - braking device, front view; in Fig. 8 - the same, view from the right side; in Fig. 9 - the same front view, without pressing handles; in Fig. 10, 13 - pressing handles of the braking device; Fig. 11 is a push handle, top view; in Fig. 12 - the same, during braking.

In particular, the lowering device has a cord 1, a means of fixing it in the form of a fixing bracket 2 with an insurance chain 3, a braking device 4 and a fixing cord loop 5. Cord 1 is made according to the technology of manufacturing climbing equipment. It is strong, flexible, reliable. The fixing loop 5, which has carabiners 6 for attaching to the braking device, is made in the same way. The fixing bracket 2 is made in the form of a double endless arc, in front of which there is an eyelet 7 for attaching the cord 1, and behind - a grip 8 for hooking the bracket to the window sill. A safety chain 3, which has a carabiner 6 at the free end, is also attached to the gripper with a similar eyelet 7. A body 9 in the form of a brake tube 4, which is made of strong elastic material, is attached to the cord 1. It has openings (windows) 10 in which, before putting on the cord, two braking handles are placed: upper 11 and lower 12, oriented in opposite directions. Each handle has a protruding ridge 13 for hand pressure and a wavy stop 14, which has a surface in the form of a wavy bed.

Against each handle in the tube, other stops 15 are fixed so that against their recesses there are depressions of the beds of stops 14. On the ends of the tube 9 and in its middle, rings 16 are fitted, which have the function of limiters, fasteners, and the lower one has eyelets 17 for fastening the loop 5. Fixing the loop 5 also has a carabiner 6 for attaching it to the eyelet 17 of the lower ring 16. A lanyard 18 is attached to the middle ring 16, i.e. a loop made of soft but strong fabric for additional insurance.

A descent device is used as a lifeline for lowering people from the windows of high-rise buildings, and in general, from high objects (mountains, rocks, towers, etc.). For this, in the rooms on the upper floors, rescue cords are stored in the form shown in Fig. 4 - wrapped around their brackets according to the mode of storage of fire hoses.

If there is an opportunity, the cord 1 is lowered to the ground from the opening of the window, door, or balcony, tilting its bracket 2 with the narrow part downwards, which ensures self-unwinding of the cord. Then the bracket is fixed on the windowsills, for which its grip 8 is brought under the protrusion of the window sill and fixed with a safety chain 3, hooking it with a carabiner 6 to some object, for example, a heating battery, or somehow pipes, handles, or railings, fixed with adequate strength. The patient puts on the loop 5, attaches it with a carabiner 6 to the eyelet 17 of the device 4, climbs onto the windowsill (or into another opening) with his back facing outwards - as shown in fig. 1, takes the braking device 4 with his hands and, holding on to the bracket 2 and pressing firmly on both handles (11, 12), hangs on the cord 1, being fixed with a loop 5 and holding on with his hand. When pressing on the ridges 13 of the handles of their stop 14, they press the cord 71 with their beds to the beds of the opposite stops 15, bending it and creating its wavy state. In this way, the cord 1, compressed and bent in many places, is firmly held in the tube 9, which ensures a reliable axis of the patient on it and makes it possible to release the hand from the bracket 2.

The device is equipped with additional safety devices - this is a lanyard 18 - a loop of soft, strong, non-stretching material threaded through the eyelet 17, which can withstand the weight of a person. The upper part of the lanyard is put on the hand, as shown in Fig. b6, and its lower part covers the cord from the bottom of the tube 9 (rings 16). In the event that, for some reason, the rescuer loosens the pressure on the handles and releases them, his hand and the upper part of the body will hang on the loop of the lanyard 18, because it will twist the cord 1 sideways and up and make it a locking loop (see fig. b , 7, 8, 9).

To continue the descent, the patient must loosen the lanyard 18, directing the cord 1 to continue the descent, moving carefully down.

The patient can carefully move down thanks to the control, limited by seconds, of releasing the pressure of the handles - one or two, alternately or together. Having made sure that the device starts and stops reliably, the patient discretely or gradually slides down the cord to the very bottom, to the ground, acting with his hands - pressing the handles (one or two) and releasing them. On the ground, he releases the braking device 4, loop 5 and makes it possible to lift them up to the floor for another descent. Rescuers and well-trained persons can descend together, holding the rescued person on their shoulders.

The technical and practical advantage of the proposed lowering device in the form of a lifeline is that it can be stored for a long time on the high floors of various premises and can be used in any case of any disaster. It is simple in design, cheap to manufacture, reliable in use.

It is possible to store and use this device in the mode in which various rescue devices are used in firefighting, marine or mountaineering equipment. ra s shchi 455

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Claims (1)

A trigger device that has a body with an adjustable braking means placed therein, which has contact with the cord, which differs in that the body is made in the form of a tube, and the adjustable braking means is in the form of upper and lower braking arms placed therein, each of which is fitted to the cord placed in the tube and has on one side a pressing ridge protruding through a slot in the tube, and on the other side - a bed with a wavy surface in contact with the cord, oriented to a similar surface opposite the stop attached to the tube so that their protrusions coincide with the recesses, at the same time, additionally attached to the cord, equipped with carabiners, is a chain with a fixing bracket in the form of an arc-shaped wire triangle, and to the tube - a fixing cord loop and a safety lanyard in the form of a tube placed in the eyelet, covering the cord of a hand loop.