UA64049A - Rescue device - Google Patents

Abstract

The rescue device consists of the base with the reel put onto its axis, the reeled rope haulage, and the control means equipped with the auxiliary brake. The base is designed as the cross-piece. The rope haulage reeled in the shape of the loop is connected with the locking chain and its snap hook. The wedge-like blocks are attached on the external surface of the braking disks in the way enabling their contact with the pins attached on both parts of the cross-piece. The control means with the auxiliary brake are designed as the handles with levers hinged to the butts of the reel axis. The handles are attached via the bar with the holder hinged to the cross-piece and put onto the rope. In addition, the rescue device comprises the appliance for the fixation of the rescued person representing the subshoulder loop and hip-supporting plate.

Description

Description of the invention

The proposed device belongs to the means of rescuing people in case of fires and other accidents and cases 2 by the method of lowering them from high-rise buildings.

A known device for lowering, which has a drum with a cable and a lowering device at one end of it and a lowering regulator in the form of discs placed in a viscous medium interacting with a braking device /see Author of St. USSR

Mo1560233, Ab2B 1/00, Bull Mo16, 1990/.

The disadvantage of this device is that, although it is a complex mechanism, it does not provide all 70 necessary processes when starting. It does not have such means as cable fasteners, rescue person fasteners, etc. In addition, it is expensive and requires frequent technical maintenance, which will not make it possible to provide a sufficient number of even residential buildings with this device.

A well-known device for descent from high objects, which includes a casing with a drum with a cable placed in it and fixed on a shaft and a brake drum with spring-loaded brake pads / see author St. 719 USSR Mo1431770, Ab2B 1/10, Bul. Mo39, 1988.

The disadvantage of this device is that, although it is a little simpler than the previous one, it is still structurally complex and also heavy, expensive, and therefore unavailable for mass fire protection of people in high-rise buildings.

A known device for emergency descent of people, which has a drum, located freely on an axis fixed in the casing, and a belay cable with a braking means, which includes brake pads located diametrically in the casing / see author St. USSR Mo1563708, Ab2B 1/10, Bul. Mo18, 1990/.

The disadvantage of this device is that its design is limited only to braking elements and their interconnection, and this does not exhaust everything that is needed in a device to ensure the rescue of a person - there are no means of securing a cable, fixing a person, etc. In addition, there is also the drawback that does not allow to widely use this device, i.e. to use constructive, material and price capacity.

A known means of fastening a person during descents, which has a belt with a clamping device, through which the end of the belt is passed twice / see avt.sv, USSR Mo1391660, Ab2V 1/20, Bul. Mo16, 1988/.

The disadvantage of this tool and its device - the belt, is that ensuring the safety of the descent of people in it by 30 is solved only by increasing the reliability of securing a person, while the rest of the necessary devices for the descent device are not included in this tool.

Technically, the closest to the proposed one is the rescue device, which has a coil mounted on the axis of the body with a coil placed in it, to the end cups of which lids with containers filled with a viscous liquid are attached, a power tape wound on the coil and a mechanism braking in the form of 35 disks installed in these containers, as well as an adjustment device kinematically connected to the braking mechanism with an additional braking element / see aut.sv. USSR Mo1430031, Ab2B 1/08, Bul. Mo3b, 1988/.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that, although it has an advantageous design for braking a flexible traction, it is still very complex and difficult to manufacture and labor-intensive to maintain, and therefore the disadvantages identified for the given analogues are also inherent in it. This is the complexity of the design, the high cost of manufacturing, the need for periodic control and care, the periodic replacement of the fluid, the lack of means of fixing a person, etc., and therefore there is little probability that it can be spread to a wide range of modern city buildings. z" The invention is based on the task, taking into account the positive and negative sides of the prototype - rescue device, to create another version of the rescue device, which would not have the shortcomings of the prototype and, at the same time, would be more specific to the requirements that are characteristic of the conditions of emergency rescue of people from 49 high-altitude buildings and structures, namely, that it should have a compact appearance, be unpretentious in storage, be convenient in use, reliable in descents, have accessories for hooking onto a support and reliable safety devices. "ride" All this is implemented in the proposed device thanks to the use of a simplified coil, a strong, light rope made of non-pulling material, a double safety device in the form of braking discs with a large diameter and a hug on the bend of the rope, as well as safety loops of the sedak, and for hooking the rope - a chain with carabiner і" 20 The task is solved by the fact that in the rescue device, which contains a housing, on the axis of which a coil with a power traction wound on it is mounted, a braking mechanism in the form of disks c installed on the axis of the coil and a means of adjustment with an additional braking element, according to the intended invention , the body is made in the form of a rope connected to a locking chain and its carabiner, a loop wound on a coil and placed with it between the side parts of the crosspiece, on the disks of the braking mechanism, wedge-shaped pads are fixed on the outer surfaces, with the possibility of contact with the ones fixed against them on both parts of the cross with fingers, c. at the same time, the means of adjustment with an additional braking element is made in the form of handles hinged to the ends of the axis of the coil with levers, hinges connected through a rod with a hingedly fixed on the crossbar and a hug attached to the rope, while the device is supplemented with a means of fixing the rescuer, which is made in in the form of suspended to the cross of the shoulder loop and the femoral plate. 60 The essence of the invention is explained by the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows the general view of the rescue device and the means of its use; in Fig. 2 - the same, front view; in Fig. 3 - a set of the device, folded for storage; in Fig. 4, the same, in operation, rear view, enlarged; in Fig. 5 - the same, side view - right; in fig. b - the same, front view; Fig. 7 - brake coil, front view, schematic, enlarged; in Fig. 34 - the direction of winding the rope on the coil; in Fig. 9 - the sealing ring of the braking coil, enlarged; in Fig. 10 - a wedge-shaped clamp, side view; in Fig. 11 - the same,

front view

In particular, the rescue device includes a rope 1, on the loop of which a braking coil 2 is attached, to which the fixing under-shoulder loop C and the under-thigh saddle 4 are attached. The rope has a safety chain 5 on top.

Rope 1 is made according to the technology and material used in the production of climbing equipment.

On one side, a chain 5 with a carabiner 6 at the end is attached to it, and on the other side - from below - a cargo ball 7 is attached. A rope is wound around the braking coil with a loop, with the possibility of its longitudinal rolling along it. It is made in the form of discs made of strong plates, which contain a drum 8, freely, with the possibility of rotation, mounted on an axis 9, placed in the holes of the crosspiece 10 of the coils that create it 7/0 Body /10/. The drum 8 has a bed 11 for winding the loop of the rope 1, on the sides of which the braking bumps 12 are placed in a staggered order. On both sides of the drum, on the same axis 9, but fixed to it, braking disks 13 are mounted on each of them from the outside four wedge-shaped brake pads 14 are attached, on which the brake fingers 15 rest, fixed on the crosspiece /body/ 10 and on its crossbar 16. Two handles 17 are hinged at the ends of the axis 9. At the opposite ends of the body 10, holes are made, in which are inserted /5 for the passage of the rope 1 bypass tightening rings 18, the lower one of which is shown in Fig. U, and the rest of the elements of the coil - in Fig. 5, b, 7, 8, 10, 11, where in Fig. 8 there is a loop - a winding scheme of the rope on the drum 8. On the lower ring 18, in its eyelets 19, the ends of the fixing loop C and the cord 20 with the seat 4 are drawn in and tied with a knot, which create a single branch of the rope 1 and which facilitates and speeds up the process of adjusting the size and reliability of fixing these fixing elements. Sedak 4 is a crossbar suspended from cord 20 in the form of a curved plate

In the shape of the thighs of the legs for support on it in a sitting position / see fig. 1, 4, 6/. In addition, an additional means of insurance is provided in the form of a rod that connects two elements hinged to the body: the lever 22 on the handle 17, and the grip 23 covering the rope - on the rod 21. The axis, fastening the rod 21 and the lever 22, is made in the form of a finger 24, which is placed in the groove of the guiding sector 25, fixed on the outer side of the braking disc 13.

The rescue device is used in fires and other unusual situations when there is a sudden need to evacuate people from high-rise buildings and all kinds of structures. It can also be used in the case of various works on high supports, towers, in mountains and on rocks.

In houses, for example, the patient takes a device from the fire-fighting equipment stored on high-rise floors and puts on a fixing loop Z with a cord 20 and a seat 4 as shown in Fig. 1, 4. Then Ge! zo Fixes the rope 1 with its chain 5 and carabiner 6 to any support in the room /for example, a battery or a heating pipe/, climbs out through the window /or some other opening, or from the balcony/, as shown in Fig. 1, holding - body and brake coil 2, and holding the handles 17, and hangs on the rope. At the same time, the handles 17 are directed downward under the weight of the patient, which turns the axle 9 and its braking discs 13 so that these discs firmly press against its side surfaces of the coil 2 and brake its drum 8 during rotation. In this case, the rope 1" will be firmly clipped into the braking coil and the patient, being fixed by the shoulder loop 3, and under the thighs by the seat 4, is securely fixed on it. In addition, the lever 22 due to its thrust 21 will turn the embrace 23 and at the same time additional braking of the body 10 will occur, because it will rest on the rope bent by this embrace / see fig. 5/. This will increase the reliability of the suspension. To go down, the patient puts both handles 17 back on himself, which leads to the movement of the wedge-shaped pads 14 so that they weaken the pressure on the discs 13 and give "

The ability to turn reel 2, which at the same time begins to roll down the rope. First, in order to master the device, it must be done in the initial position. And in the hang for a short time, as soon as the body 10 moves from its place, and immediately move the handles away from you-forward to brake the drum again. In order for the rope 1 not ;" slid along the surface of the bed 11 of the drum 8, it has braking humps 12 that increase the friction between the rope and the drum not only due to the snarling of the rope loop around the drum under the pressure of weight and gravity,

And thanks to the deepening of these protrusions into the sides of the rope and bending it into a wavy state / see fig. b, 7, 8, a

Ge" also 10, 11/. To lower the patient down, he again applies the handles 17 to himself for a few minutes and removes the braking coil 2 and its housing from braking. At the same time, the drum 8 has the ability to rotate and the reel o rolls /does not slide/ down the rope. It is possible to descend not only discretely, that is, with stops, but also gradually - without stops, all the time controlling the movement with the handles 17. When two people descend /"and this is possible with appropriate physical training, when the rescuer holds another person on his shoulders/ it is better to use a discrete ve means to avoid overheating of the device parts.

Ge) After landing, release the device and lift it up for the next descent.

The technical and consumer advantage of the proposed device over the prototype is that it can be stored for a long time among the elements of fire-fighting equipment in the attics and high-rise floors of various buildings and can be used at any time, if necessary, by any person who is not at all prepared for this.

It is simple in design, reliable enough and cheap to manufacture, as it is possible

P" to use some tools of climbers and other well-known flexible pulls. This will make it possible to provide all high-rise residential buildings, fire stations and rescue units with this rescue equipment.

Claims (1)

60 Formula of the invention A rescue device that contains a body on the axis of which a coil with a power rod wound on it is mounted, a braking mechanism in the form of disks mounted on the axis of the coil and a means of adjustment with an additional braking element, which is distinguished by the fact that the body is made in the form of a double-sided cross, and power traction - in the form of a rope connected to a locking chain and its carabiner, wound with a loop on a coil and placed with it between the side parts of the crosspiece, and on the discs of the braking mechanism, wedge-shaped pads are fixed on their outer surfaces with the possibility of contact with those fixed against them on both parts crosspiece with fingers, while the means of adjustment with an additional braking element is made in the form of handles hinged to the ends of the coil axis with levers, hinged through a bar with a clip hinged to the crosspiece and attached to the rope, in addition, the device additionally contains a means of fixing the rescuer, which is made in the form of hanging from crosses the thickness of the shoulder strap and the femoral plate. « (o) « «c) « (Se) - and? (o) sh" ("c) sh" iChe) 60 b5