UA44581A - RESCUE ROPE DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

Life-saving cord device consists of casing with braking mechanism, whose elements contact with cord for descent, and braking control facility. The casing is made as two hollow handles connected between them and overlapped by a cover, containing the braking mechanism, which is made in the form of spring cushion with a bed placed inside the casing, in which bed the cord loop is placed made as a cord passed through the necks of the casing, pressed by the bearing plate of the screw which has the handle with an index, screwed into the threaded hole in the middle of the scale attached to it. The braking control facility is made as two loads articulated on the ends of casing handles with triggers and cams with beds for the cord.

Description

The proposed rescue rope device belongs to the means of emergency rescue of people in case of fires and other disasters, as well as when working at height.

A rescue device is known, which contains a body, on the axis of which there is a coil with a power tape wound on it and a braking mechanism in the form of discs, which are installed in a viscose liquid poured into the cavity of the cups attached to the sides of the coil, and an additional braking mechanism is installed on the cups a mechanism in the form of braking pads (see author of St. USSR

Mo. 1430031, Ab2V 1/08, Bul. Mo 38, 1988).

The disadvantage of this device is that it is very complex in design and during operation it requires constant monitoring of the condition of the mechanisms and fluid, which can cause problems during long-term storage and reduce its reliability during sudden use, which is characteristic of unexpected emergency situations. Therefore, on the floors of high-rise buildings, especially residential ones, this device will have a high level of probability of unsuccessful applications.

A known device for emergency descent of people, which includes a drum with a safety cable wound on it, installed in a casing having suspension means, the drum has a braking means in the form of brake pads placed in the casing around the drum, and a pressure regulator of the pads on the drum in the form of rods (see Auth. USSR Mo 1563708, Ab2B 1/00, Byul. Me 18, 1990).

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not have means of fixing a person and fixing the device on a support, and the use of a drum, blocks, rods and a cable of the appropriate length will suffer from its too heavy weight and high cost, and materials for its manufacture, and in general its cost price . Ago; although it is quite effective in terms of reliability of preservation and operation, but in terms of practical application in a mass order in many city buildings, it is unlikely, and the possibility of equipping fire and rescue equipment with it is doubtful.

A device for belaying and descent when working at height is known, which includes a belaying element in the form of a bag fastened with tape, at one end of which a means for suspension is attached to a support, and at the other - a means for securing it to the belt of the worker, as well as an additional belaying element also in in the form of a flexible pull attached to the belt (see author of St.

USSR Mo 1294347, Ab2B 1/20, Bul. May 9, 1987).

The disadvantage of this device is that it has many elements that make it up, and it is inconvenient in emergency situations, when it is necessary to act in conditions of shortage of time so that a person alone, without external help and complex long instructions and training, could save himself by descending from high places objects. In addition, it does not provide any means for fixing the flexible tape at height. This did not make it possible to ensure a reliable and urgent descent of a person in unusual situations.

The closest in technical terms to the trigger device, which included a housing made in the form of hinged plates of the braking mechanism made of rollers in contact with the cord for lowering and the braking control device (see author of the USSR Mo 1655518, Ab2B 1/14 , Bull. May 22, 1991).

The disadvantage of the prototype is that it is presented without a means of securing it to the support and without a means of attaching the rescuer. It also has no means of insurance in case the rescuer makes a mistake in driving. Although this device is light, convenient and cheap, it is not reliable enough for mass consumption and use in emergency situations, when exchanging time for instructions and training. It is possible to develop skills in its use only in relation to braking control, and it is impossible to imagine how to use the entire device, because it is not known what means it provides for fixation on the support and on the rescuer's body.

The basis of the invention is the task, taking into account the positive and negative sides of the prototype - the descent device, to create a new version of it, but without the identified shortcomings - a device that would better meet the needs of emergency descent of people from high objects in the event of fires and other disasters under the condition , that such a device could be stored among the firefighting equipment on the floors of buildings for a long time, and in the hour of trouble, everyone could urgently use it without complex instructions and training in order to reliably save themselves without external help. Where it was supposed to be done at the expense of more effective means of fixing the device and rescue and more reliable means of securing them at height.

The task is solved by the fact that in the rescue rope device, which contains a housing with a braking mechanism, the elements of which are in contact with the cord for descent, and a means of controlling the braking, according to the proposed invention, the housing is made in the form of two hollow handles connected to each other and covered with a cover with a braking mechanism placed in them, which is made in the form of an elastic substrate with a bed installed in the middle of the case, in which a cord loop is placed, made in the form of a rope passed through the necks of the case, pressed by a heel plate, having a handle with the index of a screw screwed into a threaded hole of the body in the middle of the scale attached to it, and the braking control device is made in the form of two levers hinged at the ends of the body handles with latches and cams with beds for it covered by rope loops, while the device is supplemented with a means of fixing and securing the rescue in the form of attached to the eyes of the body rope underarm loops and hip straps and a means of suspending the device to the support in the form of a chain with a carabiner attached to the upper end of the rope, and its stabilizing ball to the lower end.

The technical and consumer result, which is an achievement from the use of a combination of all the distinguishing features of the proposed device, is that due to the addition of the device with means of fixing and securing the rescue and suspension of the device to the support, as well as due to the implementation of the braking mechanism in the form of a double loop of rope placed in housing between its compressing elements - a screw with a heel and side cams, a new version of this device was created, the main advantage of which is the increased ability to store the device for a long time without maintenance and to reliably use it in emergency situations for the descent of people from high-rise buildings in conditions of more reliable security.

The essence of the proposal is explained by the drawing, where in fig. 1 depicts the process of rescue descent of a person; in fig. 2 - a set of elements of the rescue rope device; in fig. C - also exactly when saving the device, front and side view; in fig. 4 - insurance-braking housing of the device in action; in fig. 5 - the same, front view; in fig. 6 - the same, rear view; in fig. 7 - also precisely with the removal of the bottom; rear view; in fig. 8 - also exactly the view from above.

Specifically, the rescue rope device includes a rope 1 with a chain 2 and a carabiner 3. The rope has a body 4 with handles 5, to which flexible pulls in the form of a shoulder loop 6 and hip 7 and hand lanyards 6 are attached.

Rope 1 is made of material and according to the technology of manufacturing climber charging. From the lower end, it has a retracting and stabilizing ball 9, and from the upper end - a chain 2 with a carabiner 3. The body 4 is made in the form of two interconnected handles 5, which jointly make up the box 10 with the bottom 11 in the form of a removable cover, attached to the box It has two shaped openings 12 and lugs 13 of hinges 14. Two necks are attached to the box 10: the upper 15 and the lower 16 for the passage of the rope 1 placed in them. The load scale 17 and the handle 18 with the index 19 of this scale are attached to the front of the case. From the bottom of the box, on the sides of the neck 16, eyelets 20 are attached for fastening the securing and supporting elements - shoulder loop 6 and thigh straps 7 (also in the form of loops). From above, on the sides of the neck 15, there are also lugs 21 for fastening hand straps 8, which are connected to each other by a single loop passed through these lugs and covering the rope from the bottom of the neck 16.

The rope 1 is placed in the body 4 in such a way that it creates a double loop, which covers the cams 22 placed on the ends of the handles, which have beds 23 for it. Each cam is fixed on a lever 24, which is installed in the hinge 14 and inserted into the shaped hole 12 of the cover ( dna 11) and had 25 triggers.

In the middle of the box there is a braking mechanism, which has an elastically attached "cushion" 26 on the bottom 11 of the box in the form of a substrate made of hard heat-resistant rubber with a bed placed in the middle of it for the passage and braking of the rope 1 thanks to the braking plate 27 located on top of it and pressed, also with a similar bed In the plate 27, in its threaded hole, a screw 28 is screwed, which is screwed into the threaded hole of the box and scale 17 with the possibility of rotation and pressure on the plate 27. It also had two racks 29 fixed at the bottom with threaded holes, into which the screws 30 of attachment are screwed him to the box. Battery 31 heating.

The rescue rope device is used in this way. They fasten it with a chain 2 with a carabiner Z to some object in the room (batteries, or heating pipes, etc.). The securing and supporting elements are put on - shoulder loop 6 and thigh 7 and hand lanyards 8 and, holding the body 4 by the handles 5, the rescuer climbs through the window or other opening without looking down, with his back to the front, descends and hangs on the rope 1. Index 19 in the initial position coincides with the end of the scale 17, that is, the rope 1 is pressed by the plate 27 to the "pillow" 26 with maximum pressure, which firmly holds it in the middle of the box. The reliability of this braking is also increased by the fact that the insured presses the triggers 25 with his thumbs, moves them and the levers 24 connected to them up and to the side, and in this way the rope in the box is pressed by the cams 22 against the walls of the box, in their rounded, what else more zashmorno its loop and thus forms additional braking.

They start the descent from the mountain, for this they turn handle 18 with one hand and reduce the weight indicator to the weight of the rescuer (approximately), holding its pressed trigger with the other hand, and then holding it again with two hands and pressing both triggers 25. Gradually allowing these triggers, the rescuer starts to slowly move down, adjusts the speed of descent with these triggers: to accelerate - release them, and to slow down - press them. This adjustment can also be performed by tilting the handles 5 to the left or right; which leads to the snarling of the rope in the necks 15, 16. In this way, it reaches the ground continuously, or discretely - with stops. After landing, he removes the insurance and support elements and, together with the body, lifts them out the window for another descent.

If something happens to the rescuer during the descent and he stops the control, the additional braking may stop (triggers may be released). At the same time, the main braking from the screw 29 will remain (the plate 27 will remain pressed together with the rope to the "cushion" 26) and the descent will continue under braking conditions. But if the rescuer faints or for some other reason cannot control the device, then he will lower his hands, and this will snarl the loop of the hand straps 8 under the neck 16, which will cross the rope under this neck almost to 90" and this will somewhat slow down the body on it, i.e. will create additional braking. If he stops and cannot descend, then he must be moved from his place and lowered with external help. You must jerk and this will direct the rope below the body and he and the rescuer will descend to the bottom. If the descent speed exceeds the critical, then also with external with the help, the lower end of the rope should be moved away from the support as far as possible and this end should be firmly held until the rescuer lands.

In this way, the rescuer can regulate the descent - stop it, start it and brake it by the following independent means: - pressing the trigger (one, two or both together); - rotation of the screw, its handle; - lashing the rope with hand straps from the bottom of the body; - tilt of the body - to the side of the right or left handle; - by diverting the lower end of the rope from the support.

Such multi-faceted regulation expands the possibilities of using the device and increases its reliability of securing the rescuer in conditions of emergency descent.

We hope that this device will find wide use in fire and rescue teams, as well as in housing authorities to replenish firefighting equipment, on the floors of high-rise buildings. It can be useful for construction workers, helicopter pilots and other high-altitude workers.

The technical and consumer advantage of the proposed device over the prototype is that it is much simpler in design, lighter and cheaper to manufacture, store and use. At the same time, it is more effective and reliable during emergency descents, which is achieved due to the use of rope traction and insurance and support measures and means, as well as the braking mechanism, which makes it possible to influence the braking by various movements of the rescuer himself, as well as some other persons.

This creates a higher probability of rescue actions and prevention of injury to the rescuer.

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Claims (1)

Rescue rope device, which includes a body with a braking mechanism, the elements of which are in contact with the cord for descent, and a means of controlling the braking, which is characterized by the fact that the body is made in the form of two hollow arms connected to each other and covered with a cover, with a braking mechanism placed in them , which is made in the form of an elastic substrate installed in the middle of the body with a bed, in which a loop of a cord is placed, made in the form of a rope passed through the necks of the body, pressed by a heel plate of a screw, which has a handle with an index, screwed into the threaded hole of the body in the middle, attached to it scale, and the braking control device is made in the form of two levers hinged at the ends of the housing handles with latches and cams covered with rope loops with beds for it, while the device is supplemented with a means of fixing and securing the rescuer in the form of rope shoulder loops and hip lanyards attached to the lugs of the housing , and manual lanyards covering the body and the part of the rope coming from it, and a means of suspending the device to the support in the form of a chain with a carabiner attached to the upper end of the rope, and its pulling and stabilizing ball to the lower end.