UA146992U - METHOD OF PRESEDATIVE PREPARATION OF GARLIC - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of pre-planting preparation of garlic by dry heating. After dry heating, the planting material is treated with an ozone-air mixture at an ozone concentration of 10 to 1000 mg / m3 and an exposure of 10 to 1000 minutes.

Description

The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, in particular to the technology of growing seed material of agricultural crops using chemical and biologically active substances.

There is a method of pre-planting preparation of garlic by dry heating at temperatures from 40 to 49 "C for 16 hours, depending on the variety and physiological state of the seed material, in order to disinfect it from harmful objects and increase yield (11.

The disadvantage of this method is the insufficient degree of getting rid of harmful objects, in particular - fungal diseases, at the given heating temperature. Its further increase leads to physiological disorders, deterioration of germination and overwintering, and sometimes - to the death of planting material.

To solve this problem, during the pre-planting preparation of garlic, it is suggested to use the treatment of the planting material with an ozone-air mixture at an ozone concentration of 10 to 1000 mg/m? and exposure - from 10 to 1000 min. The use of ozone for disinfecting the surface of plant objects is based on its significant oxidizing capacity, high permeability, the impossibility of resistance in harmful objects, rapid self-disposal, and the absence of harmful effects on the environment.

The essence of the invention is to use an ozone-air mixture with an ozone concentration of 10 to 1000 mg/m? and exposure - from 10 to 1000 min. for processing garlic planting material by blowing through its mass.

The effectiveness of this method was determined in laboratory and field conditions. Determination of the disinfecting effect of ozone on planting material of winter garlic was carried out using a barrier-free ozone generator model 575-Р2-5 mA. Phytosanitary monitoring in relation to fungal diseases (Ryzapytst, RepisyShiyt, AvregudyShyv pede) was performed according to the existing methods in four repetitions.

Determination of field germination and productivity was carried out in accordance with the "Methods of experimental work in vegetable growing and melon growing" (2| and "Methods of field sales" |Z): repetition 4 times, plot area 10 m, planting scheme 45x8 cm. Field experiment was planted in the vegetable crop rotation on the early ripening Duchess variety in 2019-2020. Mineral fertilizers in the amount of MeoReoKoo were applied before planting and Mzo during root feeding of seedlings.

Irrigation was carried out by the drip method. Soil moisture was maintained at 70-80 95

NV The irrigation rate was 80-120 m3/ha. Commercial productivity was determined by general accounting in accordance with the specified methods. Planting was carried out on 25.10.2019, harvesting - 21.07.2020.

According to the results of laboratory studies (Table 1), the use of ozone after dry heating leads to a reduction in the damage of planting material of winter garlic by green mold (fungi of the genus Ryzagishyt) by 43 95, by white mold (mushrooms of the genus Reppisiiy sht) by

With 96, black mold (AzregadiyShe podeg) - by 1095, compared to the method of pre-planting preparation by dry heating (analogue).

Table 1

The effect of ozone on the degree of damage to winter garlic by diseases, Duches variety (green mold) (white mold) (black mold) using ozone (2.Analog (dry heating) | (9890 2..ЮУКмМКрСЕКрДИ7с1с2ой15 s

As a result of improving the adaptive properties of winter garlic under the influence of ozonation, there is an increase in the number of overwintering plants by 19.7 95 and an increase in productivity by 4.4 t/ha (Table 2).

Table 2

Effect of ozone on overwintering and productivity of winter garlic, variety Duches using ozone 2. Analogue (dry heating)

Sources of information: 1. Pat. for a useful model (11)135489 Ukraine, IPC AOTO: 22/35, АО1С 1/00. The method of pre-planting preparation of garlic. Muravyov V.O., Melnyk O.V., Mytenko I.M.; applicant and patent holder Institute of Vegetable and Melon Growing NAAS. - Mo c201810387; statement 22.10.2018; published 10.07.2019, Bul. Mo. 13. 2. Bondarenko G.L., Yakovenko K.I. Methods of research in vegetable growing and melon growing.

Kharkiv: Osnova, 2001. 368 p. 3. Dospekhov V.A. Methodology of field survey. Moscow: Agropromizdat, 1985. 351 p.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of pre-planting preparation of garlic, which includes dry heating, which is distinguished by the fact that after dry heating, treatment of the planting material with an ozone-air mixture is used with ozone concentrations from 10 to 1000 mg/m" and exposure - from 10 to 1000 min.