UA137650U - HINGED VENTILATED FACADE SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The hinged ventilated facade system includes a protective design, a warming layer, a damp and windproof membrane, fastening system with a bearing profile, a facing decorative panel. The facing decorative panel is made of an artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate.

Description

The useful model belongs to the field of industrial civil construction, namely to the cladding of high-rise buildings with a ventilated facade system.

The ventilated facade system has gained great popularity in modern construction and is successfully used to finish buildings of any type and height. Ventilated facades are easily and quickly mounted on the walls of the building, protect the walls from atmospheric influences and other destructive factors of the environment and at the same time create a unique aesthetic appearance.

Hinged ventilated facades can not only protect the building from environmental influences, but also make it stronger, more beautiful and safer.

This is a special system in which the air is actively ventilated, which provides excellent thermal insulation. Heat-insulating facade systems allow you to use them as a protective screen, which at the same time also performs a decorative function. The hinged ventilated facade system includes a fastening part, a heat and wind protection part and a decorative part.

The mounting part contains supporting metal brackets that are securely attached to the walls, and adjustable profiles for fixing the decorative part. At the same time, heat and wind insulation layers are densely placed through the supporting brackets installed on the wall. A decorative part, made mainly of decorative plates, is placed on top of the wind insulation with an estimated gap on the mounting profiles. All ventilated facade systems, regardless of the structure of the supporting frame system, the method of fastening and installation, are divided into three large groups of facade material. 1. Light groups, weight up to 5 kg per 1 m: (panels made of monomaterials (metal) or composite panels (plastic or plastic - metal, etc.). 2. Medium group, weight from 5 kg to 35 kg per 1 m: ( glass, kermogranite panels, etc.) 3. Heavy group, weight from 35kg and above per 1m2 (natural stone, ceramics, slabs based on "Marmarok" concrete mixture, etc.)

Each group of facade material has its advantages and disadvantages.

The main advantage of light groups is the low load on the facade and foundation of the building.

The disadvantages include low sound insulation, vibration from air currents, which can lead to the appearance of cracks and tile destruction, as well as high cost.

The middle group has higher characteristics in terms of sound insulation and vibration, but also as and

The first group has shortcomings in terms of strength (relatively easily damaged under conditions of increased operating loads). The middle group includes a facade system with facing tiles according to the patent |1), made of a polymer-sand mixture with various fillers in the form of waste from woodworking, pottery production, glass production or stone chips.

Disadvantages include significant weight and low manufacturing accuracy, as the tiles are made by casting into molds.

Fiber-cement panels for ventilated facades contain cement, various mineral components and up to 10 95 cellulose fibers and can imitate various natural facing materials. At the same time, they have resistance to environmental temperature changes, good sound and heat insulation.

The disadvantages of fiber cement panels include significant weight, low resistance to mechanical damage and high water absorption parameters.

Ventilated facades with ceramic granite panels can be used in high-rise construction and last up to 50 years, resistant to chemical effects and severe frosts. Fastening to subsystems of adjustable profiles can be carried out by various methods.

The disadvantages of ceramic granite panels include significant weight, low resistance to mechanical damage.

Well-known ventilated facades with "Marmarok" tiles |2| are used both for high-rise buildings and for low-rise buildings. Facing tile "Marmarok" contains marble crumb, which is protected from the effects of moisture and sun with the help of special strengthening additives. The fastening system includes special vertical and horizontal guides made of hot-dip galvanized steel.

The disadvantages of ventilated facades with "Marmarok" tiles include significant weight, low resistance of the tile to mechanical damage, high dependence of the quality of the tile on the quality of reinforcing additives, the use of special vertical and horizontal guides intended only for this type of tile.

The closest to the proposed useful model is the hinged ventilated facade system (IZ), which includes a protective structure, an insulating layer, a moisture- and windproof membrane, a fastening system with vertical and horizontal guides, and a decorative facing panel. At the same time, facing clinker tiles are used as a decorative facing panel.

As you know, clinker tile is a ceramic product, for the production of which shale clay, flux and coloring pigment are used. All this mass is subjected to a single firing in a tunnel furnace 150 m long at a temperature of 13602C. The process continues until the product is completely baked. This technology makes it possible to obtain a strong facing material that does not have cavities and voids inside, which has high resistance to external influences. In the production of tiles, manufacturing technology is strictly followed. In the case of the slightest failure, the material is deformed, which leads to a violation of linear dimensions and a decrease in the quality of the finished product.

The disadvantages of this system include insufficiently high strength characteristics due to the low resistance of the facing panel to mechanical damage.

In addition, this system has a low accuracy of the geometric dimensions of the panel, which is caused by the process of its manufacture. This leads to difficulty during installation, since the plates do not always correspond to the design dimensions.

The disadvantages also include the fact that such a system has a limited range of use, as it limits the use of plates of increased size, which is due to the fact that with an increase in the area of the panel, the weight increases significantly and the vibration and mechanical characteristics decrease, especially with wind loads.

The basis of a useful model is the task of creating such a hinged ventilated facade system, in which, by improving the design, an increase in strength is achieved while reducing weight, increasing the margin of strength under wind loads, increasing the service life, increasing the accuracy of geometric dimensions while reducing the cost, and expanding the range of use.

The task is solved by the fact that in the well-known hinged ventilated facade system, which includes a protective structure, an insulating layer, a moisture- and windproof membrane, a fastening system with a load-bearing profile, a decorative facing panel, according to a useful model, the facing decorative panel is made of artificial stone in the form thin-walled hyperpressed plate.

At the same time, the hyperpressed plate contains stiffening ribs, which are made with a height of 0.008-0.05 of the length of the hyperpressed plate.

It is preferable to make a hyperpressed plate with a thickness of 0.012-0.025 of the length of the hyperpressed plate.

It is preferable to make a hyperpressed plate from a mixture containing cement and filler.

Preferably, when the hyperpressed plate is made of a mixture containing cement, filler and reinforcing fibers.

At the same time, the filler is selected from a group of natural materials, which includes shell or limestone, or dolomite, or travertine, or marble, or industrial waste.

Making a panel of artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate allows you to get a panel of high strength and frost resistance 3 with a low water absorption rate and high accuracy of geometric dimensions.

The presence of stiffeners on a hyperpressed plate allows you to significantly reduce the thickness of the plate and reduce the weight of the plate without losing strength and vibration characteristics.

The execution of stiffeners with a height of 0.008-0.05 of the length of the hyperpressed plate allows to create an optimal relationship between the weight of the plate and its strength and vibration characteristics when using the plate in high-rise construction.

Making a hyperpressed plate with a thickness of 0.012-0.025 of its length allows you to make a plate sufficiently resistant to applied mechanical and vibrational loads in the hinged ventilated facade system.

Making a hyperpressed board from a mixture containing cement and filler allows you to significantly reduce cement consumption and obtain a board with high strength characteristics and low water absorption.

Making a hyperpressed board from a mixture containing cement, filler and reinforcing fibers allows you to significantly improve the characteristics of bending strength and increase the vibration characteristics of the board, since the reinforcing fibers, chaotically located inside the filler, add stiffness to the board bending, reduce linear expansion under the influence of temperatures and play the role of internal reinforcement of the material.

Due to the fact that the filler is selected from a group of natural materials, which includes shell or limestone, or dolomite, or travertine, or marble, or industrial waste, the cost of panel production is significantly reduced and the environmental friendliness of production is increased.

The facing panel of the facade system is made using semi-dry hyperpressing technology, when the moistened cement-mineral mixture placed in the press forms is affected by a pressure of more than 40 MPa. In the process of hyperpressing, the particles of the raw mass experience significant mutual friction, sticking to each other at the molecular level. The resulting product does not require firing and has high characteristics and is as close as possible to natural stone in terms of texture, strength, frost resistance and moisture resistance. The hyperpressed plate has high uniformity throughout the entire volume and high manufacturing accuracy with a size error of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, which corresponds to the design dimensions and allows for high-quality installation work with minimal gaps.

The essence of the useful model is explained in the drawings, where: in fig. 1 - the general view of the assembly of the hinged ventilated facade system is presented. in fig. 2 - a side view of the hyperpressed plate of the hinged ventilated facade system is presented.

The hinged ventilated facade system consists of an enclosing structure (1) (for example, the outer part of the wall of a building and structure), an insulating layer (2), a moisture- and windproof membrane (3), a fastening system with a supporting profile (4), as well as a facing decorative panel made from artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate (5). The hyperpressed plate (5) is made with stiffening ribs (6), the height of which is 0.008-0.05 of the length of the hyperpressed plate, which allows to increase the strength characteristics of the plate depending on its overall dimensions. The thickness of the hyperpressed plate (5) is chosen within 0.012-0.025 of the length of the plate (3-25 mm), depending on the dimensions of the plate and its purpose. For example, a thicker plate can be used when installing a ventilated facade in the basement part of the building, as an anti-vandal plate, as well as when using plates of large dimensions, for example up to 2 m, which will increase its strength characteristics.

At the same time, the hyperpressed plate (5) is made according to the known technology of semi-dry hyperpressing from a mixture containing cement and filler or from a mixture containing cement, filler and reinforcing fibers. Reinforcing fibers make it possible to significantly improve the characteristics of bending strength and increase the vibration characteristics of the plate, since the reinforcing fibers, chaotically located inside the filler, add rigidity to the plates, reduce linear expansion under the influence of temperatures and play the role of internal reinforcement of the material.

When manufacturing a hyperpressed plate, a group of natural materials is selected as a filler, which includes shell or limestone, or dolomite, or travertine, or marble, or industrial waste, which significantly reduces the cost of panel production and increases the environmental friendliness of production.

If necessary, weather-resistant pigment can be added to the mixture to give the surface of the plate a certain color, depending on the design idea.

In addition, the facing decorative panel can have a smooth front surface or a surface textured like a stone, or have a relief surface with a different decorative pattern.

A useful model is implemented as follows.

Elements of the fastening system (not shown), for example, made in the form of brackets, are installed on the protective structure (1), made in the form of the outer part of the wall of the building at a given distance from each other. Next, the insulating layer (2) and the moisture- and windproof membrane (3) are fixed. After that, bearing profiles (4) are installed, located at a calculated distance from each other. On the supporting profiles (4), a facing decorative panel made of artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate (5) is fixed. At the same time, the plate (5) can be made with stiffening ribs (b), the height of which is 0.008-0.05 of the length of the hyperpressed plate. Depending on the purpose, the thickness of the hyperpressed plate is 0.012-0.025 of the length of the plate. At the same time, the plate (5) is fixed on the guides with the help of clamps, or rivets or other fastening elements of the system, depending on the dimensions and shape of the plate.

The applied hyperpressed plate has high characteristics in terms of texture, strength, frost resistance and moisture resistance as close as possible to natural stone and allows the use of a hinged ventilated facade system for cladding high-rise buildings.

Example 1

On the protective structure (1), made in the form of the outer part of the wall of a high-rise building made of concrete at a given distance from each other, the elements of the fastening system are installed, for example, they are made in the form of brackets. Next, the insulating layer (2) and wet-

windproof membrane (3). After that, bearing profiles (4) are installed, located at a calculated distance from each other. On the bearing profile (4), a facing decorative panel made of artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate (5) measuring 100 x 300 mm, which has a smooth surface, is fixed. At the same time, the hyperpressed plate (5) has a thickness of 4 mm and is made with stiffening ribs (b), the height of which is 2.4 mm. The slab (5) is made according to the well-known technology of semi-dry hyperpressing from a mixture containing cement, filler and reinforcing fibers, on one of the well-known presses, for example, the "TITAM 9002" 41 press.

At the same time, during the production of hyperpressed plates, shellac filler is selected with the addition of weather-resistant pigment to add a given color.

Example 2

Elements of the fastening system, for example, made in the form of brackets, are installed on the protective structure (1), made in the form of the outer part of the wall of a high-rise building made of concrete at a given distance from each other. Next, the insulating layer (2) and the moisture- and windproof membrane (3) are fixed. After that, bearing profiles (4) are installed, located at a calculated distance from each other. On the supporting profile (4), a facing decorative panel made of artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate (5) measuring 150 x 400 mm, which has a stone-textured surface, is fixed. At the same time, the hyperpressed plate (5) has a thickness of 4 mm and is made with stiffening ribs (b), the height of which is 3.2 mm.

The slab (5) is made according to the well-known technology of semi-dry hyperpressing from a mixture containing cement, filler and reinforcing fibers, on one of the well-known presses, for example, the "TITAM" press

ZO" a.

At the same time, during the production of hyperperfused slabs, a limestone filler is selected with the addition of weather-resistant pigment to add a given color.

Example C

Elements of the fastening system, for example, made in the form of brackets, are installed on the protective structure (1), made in the form of the outer part of the wall of a high-rise building made of concrete at a given distance from each other. Next, the insulating layer (2) and the moisture- and windproof membrane (3) are fixed. After that, bearing profiles (4) are installed, located at a calculated distance from each other. On the supporting profile (4), fasten the facing

C0 decorative panel made of artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate (5) measuring 200 x 400 mm, which has a relief surface. At the same time, the hyperpressed plate (5) has a thickness of 5 mm and is made with stiffening ribs (b), the height of which is 3.5 mm. The plate (5) is made according to the well-known technology of semi-dry hyperpressing from a mixture containing cement, filler and reinforcing fibers, on one of the well-known presses, for example, the "TITAM 900" press |4|.

At the same time, in the production of hyperpressed slabs, a dolomite filler is selected with the addition of weather-resistant pigment to add a given color.

Example 4

Elements of the fastening system, for example, made in the form of brackets, are installed on the protective structure (1), made in the form of the outer part of the wall of a high-rise building made of concrete at a given distance from each other. Next, the insulating layer (2) and the moisture- and windproof membrane (3) are fixed. After that, bearing profiles (4) are installed, located at a calculated distance from each other. On the supporting profile (4), a facing decorative panel made of artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate (5) measuring 200 x 500 mm, which has a stone-textured surface, is fixed. At the same time, the hyperpressed plate (5) has a thickness of 6 mm and is made with stiffening ribs (6), the height of which is 4 mm.

The slab (5) is made according to the well-known technology of semi-dry hyperpressing from a mixture containing cement, filler and reinforcing fibers, on one of the well-known presses, for example, the "TITAM" press

ZO" a.

At the same time, in the production of a hyperperfused slab, a travertine filler is selected with the addition of weather-resistant pigment to add a given color.

Example 5

Elements of the fastening system, for example, made in the form of brackets, are installed on the protective structure (1), made in the form of the outer part of the wall of a high-rise building made of concrete at a given distance from each other. Next, the insulating layer (2) and the moisture- and windproof membrane (3) are fixed. After that, bearing profiles (4) are installed, located at a calculated distance from each other. On the supporting profile (4), a facing decorative panel made of artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate (5) measuring 250 x b0Omm, which has a stone-textured surface, is fixed. At the same time, the hyperpressed plate (5) has a thickness of 7.5 mm and is made with stiffening ribs (b), the height of which is 5 mm. because Slab (5) is made according to the well-known technology of semi-dry hyperpressing from a mixture containing cement, filler and reinforcing fibers, on one of the well-known presses, for example, the "TITAM" press

ZO" a.

At the same time, in the production of hyperpressed slabs, the filler marble is selected with the addition of an weather-resistant pigment to give a given color.

The above examples characterize the implementation of this useful model and are illustrative in nature and do not limit other implementation options.

The hinged ventilated facade system with a facing decorative panel made of artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate due to the improvement of the design allows to increase the strength while reducing the weight, increase the safety margin under wind loads, and also increase the service life. At the same time, the plate has a high accuracy of geometric dimensions within 0.5 mm and a low cost, as it uses waste from other industries and does not require energy-consuming firing. A decorative panel made of artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate can be used during the installation of a ventilated facade system during the construction of buildings and structures of different heights, which expands the range of its use, as it allows the use of panels of different sizes depending on the design tasks.

In the course of experimental studies, samples of facing hyperpressed plates for ventilated facades were obtained.

Below is a table of comparative characteristics of facing panels for ventilated facades, made of different materials, and product samples, with the estimated size of stiffeners obtained according to the examples given.

Table

Types Strength on | Strength on the mass of cladding compression bends Wet-Frost-separate. absorption resistance of the panel element MPa MPa kg/m? 4 | natural stone | 7150-200.Йй.Й7ЙИИИЙ7ЮСЮС7|177771717171711711300 | 46-50 hyper-pressed tile 5 | of shell 77 3.7 4-8 200 10-12 (example 1) hyper-pressed tile of device 03649 2 | in dolomite (example 3 hyper-pressed tile of travertine (example 100 4,2 3- 6,300 15-18

A hyperpressed tile about zmariururitadya 0458 zo | ego

As can be seen from the table, facing panels for ventilated facades, made of artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate, have improved technical characteristics in terms of strength, service life, and others.

Thus, the proposed useful model makes it possible to increase the strength of the hinged ventilated facade system while reducing the weight, increase the safety margin under wind loads, increase the service life, and improve the accuracy of geometric dimensions at

To reduce the cost and expand the range of use.

Sources:. 1. Patent of the Russian Federation KO 100019 01, IPC 844С 3/00 (2006) publ. 10.12.2010. 2. Web page "Marmarok facing tiles" per/Lazadrgo.sot.tsa/rhodikiviua/oriyzomosppua-riyka-taptorosi). 3. Patent of the Russian Federation KO 117477 01, E0O4E 13/00 (2006.01) published 06.27.2012 ). 4. Internet web page "Hydraulic press TITAN 9OOE" (per:/lshap-taspipegu.sot/gy/diregrgezzulShap-900-1/).

5. Web page Internet "What are the panels for a ventilated facade" per/Lazadomead.gy/mepShntetue-5iviiietu/KaKieye-bukhaush-rapeii.piti. 6. Web page Internet "varieties of panels for vent facades" per/Lazadomea.gy/mepShntetue-5ivietu/gagpomidpoviii-rape!e).piti. 7. Web page Internet Facing materials PEr:/Lumly.Kgazrap.gy/rgodisiv/Lasipd-segatis-dgapite-5iabv/.

Claims (7)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. A hinged ventilated facade system, which includes a protective structure, an insulating layer, a moisture- and windproof membrane, a fastening system with a load-bearing profile, a facing decorative panel, which is distinguished by the fact that the facing decorative panel is made of artificial stone in the form of a thin-walled hyperpressed plate. 2. The hinged ventilated facade system according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the hyperpressed plate contains stiffening ribs. 3. The hinged ventilated facade system according to claim 2, which is characterized by the fact that the stiffeners are made with a height of 0.008-0.05 of the length of the hyperpressed plate. 4. The hinged ventilated facade system according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the hyperpressed plate is made with a thickness of 0.012-0.025 of the length of the hyperpressed plate. 5. The hinged ventilated facade system according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the hyperpressed plate is made of a mixture containing cement and filler. 6. The hinged ventilated facade system according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the hyperpressed plate is made of a mixture containing cement, filler and reinforcing fibers. 7. A hinged ventilated facade system according to any of claims 5-6, characterized in that the filler is selected from the group of natural materials, which includes shell or limestone, or dolomite, or travertine, or marble, or industrial waste. SHO un OKKO i DEKAN i i ke KA o I I SEN: v. in ! Kok Zhron DRINK Vk lo ; и I и шо бок MK EE Ж m E и ke Ve OK svdne EN sce . Be DK ve : Е Е и и Ки я | more Ko y ; : о ше Ф рак др ne Ди ди Ди, ЧИ и a Mov more