TWM625928U - 光學編碼器元件 - Google Patents

光學編碼器元件 Download PDF

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TWM625928U
TWM625928U TW110213753U TW110213753U TWM625928U TW M625928 U TWM625928 U TW M625928U TW 110213753 U TW110213753 U TW 110213753U TW 110213753 U TW110213753 U TW 110213753U TW M625928 U TWM625928 U TW M625928U
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light
encoder
unit
base
optical
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陳愛華
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大陸商廣東瑞訊電子科技有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/34707—Scales; Discs, e.g. fixation, fabrication, compensation
    • G01D5/34715—Scale reading or illumination devices
    • G01D5/34723—Scale reading or illumination devices involving light-guides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/3473—Circular or rotary encoders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/3473—Circular or rotary encoders
    • G01D5/34738—Axles; Driving or coupling means

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optical Transform (AREA)

Abstract

本創作公開了一種光學編碼器元件，由編碼器機械單元和光電單元兩部分構成，其中，編碼器機械單元包括有底座和蓋體，光電單元為貼片有光學模組的電路板，光學模組包括有發光元件和光敏元件，所述編碼器機械單元通過底座與光電單元電路板結合，編碼器機械單元與光電單元配合實現光電信號的產生。本編碼器採用一種創新結構的光路徑模組，利用阻光轉盤與光路徑模組配合，實現光通路的變化，該結構巧妙地簡化了光路徑開關模組，結構做到輕薄，佈局更加合理，同時節約了成本；此外，阻光轉盤上還設有凹凸面，能與彈力件配合為用戶提供段落手感；本創作結構緊湊，充分利用空間，使用方便，適於批量生產。

Description

光學編碼器元件
本創作涉及編碼信號輸出裝置，具體涉及一種光學編碼器。
旋轉式編碼開關是主機板上常見的一排開關用作跳線調節頻率的，也叫編碼開關、撥碼開關，輸出二進位BCD碼。
現有的光學編碼器一般採用光柵結構，即：一個發光二極體、兩個接收管，之間是滾輪的光柵，滾輪滾動時光柵不斷阻擋和透過光線，使接受管獲得脈衝信號，從而實現感知滾輪滾動的效果，為獲得順暢手感操作同時還需要一些機械結構來實現轉動時有段落的手感，但由於添加了機械結構，產品厚度及其使用也會隨著受到影響，整體結構相應變得複雜難用。
針對上述問題，本創作旨在提供一種新型結構的光學編碼器元件。
為實現該技術目的，本創作的方案是：一種光學編碼器元件，由編碼器機械單元和光電單元兩部分構成，其中，編碼器機械單元包括有底座和蓋體，光電單元為貼片有光學模組的電路板，光學模組包括有發光元件和光敏元件，所述編碼器機械單元通過底座與光電單元電路板結合，編碼器機械單元與光電單元配合實現光電信號的產生。
作為優選，所述編碼器機械單元的底座內設有一可在底座內自由轉動的阻光轉盤，所述阻光轉盤的底部安裝有光路徑模組，所述底座的底部開設有一透光孔；所述編碼器機械單元通過底座與光電單元電路板結合時，該透光孔與發光元件相對應。
作為優選，所述光路徑模組為均勻間隔分佈在阻光轉盤底部的若干反光片，所述發光元件和光敏元件之間設有擋光結構，當反光片旋轉至透光孔時，發光元件發出的光經反光片折射至光敏元件使其受光進而產生信號。
作為優選，所述光路徑模組為均勻間隔分佈在阻光轉盤底部的若干導光片，所述光敏元件設在導光片側面並貼片於電路板上，當導光片旋轉至透光孔時，發光元件發出的光經導光片傳導至光敏元件使其受光進而產生信號。
作為優選，所述光敏元件為兩個，光敏元件相互並排設置。
作為優選，所述阻光轉盤底部設有與光路徑模組相匹配的凹槽，所述光路徑模組嵌於凹槽之中。
作為優選，所述底座上設有通孔，所述阻光轉盤通過轉軸插入通孔中扣合於底座上。
作為優選，所述光電單元與編碼器機械單元分離設計，所述光電單元覆設有透光的防水絕緣保護層。
作為優選，所述阻光轉盤的頂面為凹部與凸部均勻相間的凹凸面，所述編碼器機械單元還設有與該凹凸面相配合的用以提供段落手感的彈力件。
作為優選，所述彈力件包括有固定板和彈力杆，所述彈力杆設置在固定板上，彈力杆的中部設有彈性凸起相抵與阻光轉盤的凹凸面，轉動阻光轉盤時，彈性凸起與凹凸面配合提供段落手感；所述固定板固定在底座上。
本創作的有益效果是：本編碼器採用一種創新結構的光路徑模組，利用阻光轉盤與光路徑模組配合，實現光通路的變化，該結構巧妙地簡化了光路徑開關模組，結構做到輕薄，佈局更加合理，同時節約了成本；此外，阻光轉盤上還設有凹凸面，能與彈力件配合為用戶提供段落手感；本創作結構緊湊，充分利用空間，使用方便，適於批量生產。
下面結合附圖和具體實施例對本創作做進一步詳細說明。
如圖1至7所示，本創作所述的具體實施例為一種光學編碼器元件，由編碼器機械單元和光電單元兩部分構成，其中，編碼器機械單元包括有底座1和蓋體2，光電單元為貼片有光學模組3的電路板4，光學模組3包括有發光元件31和光敏元件32，所述編碼器機械單元通過底座1與光電單元的電路板4結合，兩者配合實現光電信號的輸出，光電單元與機械單元分離設計，所述光電單元覆設有一層防水絕緣保護層，使編碼器元件實現防塵、防水、防靜電功能。
該編碼器機械單元的底座1內設有一可在底座1內自由轉動的阻光轉盤5，阻光轉盤的底部為不反光材質，所述底座1上設有通孔12，所述阻光轉盤5通過轉軸插入通孔12中扣合於底座1上。所述阻光轉盤5底部安裝有光路徑模組51，所述底座1的底部開設有一透光孔11；所述編碼器機械單元通過底座1與光電單元的電路板4結合時，該透光孔11與發光元件31相對應。
光路徑模組可以是反光片或是導光片。光路徑模組51為均勻間隔分佈在阻光轉盤5底部的若干反光片時，所述發光元件31和光敏元件32之間設有擋光結構，當反光片旋轉至透光孔11時，發光元件31發出的光經反光片折射至光敏元件32使其受光進而產生信號。
光路徑模組51為均勻間隔分佈在阻光轉盤底部的若干導光片時，所述光敏元件32設在導光片側面並貼片於電路板4上，當導光片旋轉至透光孔11時，發光元件31發出的光經導光片傳導至光敏元件32使其受光進而產生信號。
所述光敏元件32為兩個，相互並排設置，使編碼器能夠產生位移信號，發光元件發出的光到光路徑模組51後，其折射或匯出的光先到達其中一個光敏元件，再到達另一個光敏元件，通過正轉和反轉，發光元件發出的光到達兩個光敏元件32的順序不同，提供不同的方向信號，此外，根據旋轉的速度，能夠區分阻光轉盤轉動多少格，而提供不同的位移信號。
為了使編碼器結構更加輕薄，所述阻光轉盤5底部設有與光路徑模組相匹配的凹槽，所述光路徑模組51嵌於凹槽之中，當光路徑模組51旋轉至透光孔11時，光學模組3輸出光路徑信號。
為了使編碼器元件使用時手感更佳，所述阻光轉盤5的頂面為凹部與凸部均勻相間的凹凸面，所述編碼器機械單元還設有與該凹凸面相配合的用以提供段落手感的彈力件6。
該彈力件6包括有固定板61和彈力杆62，所述彈力杆62設置在固定板61上，彈力杆與固定板一體設置，彈力杆62的中部設有彈性凸起63相抵與阻光轉盤的凹凸面，轉動阻光轉盤5時，彈性凸起63與凹凸面配合提供段落手感；為了使固定板結合更加緊密，所述固定板61和蓋體2上設有相對應的固定孔，通過固定孔與底座上的固定柱相結合，使彈力件6和蓋體2能夠保持穩定，此外，蓋體的底部也延伸出有固定腳，固定腳焊接在底板上，使整體結構保持穩定。
本編碼器採用一種創新結構的光路徑模組，利用阻光轉盤與光路徑模組配合，實現光通路的變化，該結構巧妙地簡化了光路徑開關模組，結構做到輕薄，佈局更加合理，同時節約了成本；此外，阻光轉盤上還設有凹凸面，能與彈力件配合為用戶提供段落手感；本創作結構緊湊，充分利用空間，使用方便，適於批量生產。
以上所述，僅為本創作的較佳實施例，並不用以限制本創作，凡是依據本創作的技術實質對以上實施例所作的任何細微修改、等同替換和改進，均應包含在本創作的技術方案的保護範圍之內。
1:底座 11:透光孔 12:通孔 2:蓋體 3:光學模組 31:發光元件 32:光敏元件 4:電路板 5:阻光轉盤 51:光路徑模組 6:彈力件 61:固定板 62:彈力杆 63:彈性凸起
圖1為本創作的結構示意圖； 圖2為本創作的爆炸圖； 圖3為本創作導光片實施例的結構示意圖； 圖4為本創作導光片實施例的爆炸圖； 圖5為本創作彈力件的結構示意圖； 圖6為本創作阻光轉盤的結構示意圖； 圖7為本創作底座的結構示意圖。
1:底座
12:通孔
2:蓋體
3:光學模組
4:電路板

Claims (10)

  1. 一種光學編碼器元件，由編碼器機械單元和光電單元兩部分構成，其中，編碼器機械單元包括有底座和蓋體，光電單元為貼片有光學模組的電路板，光學模組包括有發光元件和光敏元件，其特徵在於： 所述編碼器機械單元通過所述底座與所述光電單元的電路板結合，所述編碼器機械單元與所述光電單元配合以實現光電信號的產生。
  2. 如請求項1所述的光學編碼器元件，所述編碼器機械單元的底座內設有一可在底座內自由轉動的阻光轉盤，所述阻光轉盤的底部安裝有光路徑模組，所述底座的底部開設有一透光孔；所述編碼器機械單元通過底座與所述光電單元的電路板結合時，該透光孔與發光元件相對應。
  3. 如請求項2所述的光學編碼器元件，所述光路徑模組為均勻間隔分佈在阻光轉盤底部的若干反光片，所述發光元件和光敏元件之間設有擋光結構，當反光片旋轉至透光孔時，發光元件發出的光經反光片折射至光敏元件使其受光進而產生信號。
  4. 如請求項2所述的光學編碼器元件，所述光路徑模組為均勻間隔分佈在阻光轉盤底部的若干導光片，所述光敏元件設在導光片側面並貼片於電路板上，當導光片旋轉至透光孔時，發光元件發出的光經導光片傳導至光敏元件使其受光進而產生信號。
  5. 如請求項1-4任一所述的光學編碼器元件，所述光敏元件為兩個，光敏元件相互並排設置。
  6. 如請求項2所述的光學編碼器元件，所述阻光轉盤底部設有與光路徑模組相匹配的凹槽，所述光路徑模組嵌於凹槽之中。
  7. 如請求項2所述的光學編碼器元件，所述底座上設有通孔，所述阻光轉盤通過轉軸插入通孔中扣合於底座上。
  8. 如請求項1或2所述的光學編碼器元件，所述光電單元與編碼器機械單元分離設計，所述光電單元覆設有透光的防水絕緣保護層。
  9. 如請求項2所述的光學編碼器元件，所述阻光轉盤的頂面為凹部與凸部均勻相間的凹凸面，所述編碼器機械單元還設有與該凹凸面相配合的用以提供段落手感的彈力件。
  10. 如請求項9所述的光學編碼器元件，所述彈力件包括有固定板和彈力杆，所述彈力杆設置在固定板上，彈力杆的中部設有彈性凸起相抵於阻光轉盤的凹凸面，轉動阻光轉盤時，彈性凸起與凹凸面配合提供段落手感；所述固定板固定在底座上。
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