CN112325912A - 光学编码器组件 - Google Patents

光学编码器组件 Download PDF

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CN112325912A
CN112325912A CN202011314746.1A CN202011314746A CN112325912A CN 112325912 A CN112325912 A CN 112325912A CN 202011314746 A CN202011314746 A CN 202011314746A CN 112325912 A CN112325912 A CN 112325912A
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陈爱华
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Guangdong Ruixun Electronic Technology Co ltd
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Priority to US17/618,423 priority patent/US20230152129A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/000007 priority patent/WO2022105042A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/34707—Scales; Discs, e.g. fixation, fabrication, compensation
    • G01D5/34715—Scale reading or illumination devices
    • G01D5/34723—Scale reading or illumination devices involving light-guides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/3473—Circular or rotary encoders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/3473—Circular or rotary encoders
    • G01D5/34738—Axles; Driving or coupling means

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种光学编码器组件，由编码器机械单元和光电单元两部分构成，其中，编码器机械单元包括有底座和盖体，光电单元为贴片有光学模块的电路板，光学模块包括有发光元件和光敏元件，所述编码器机械单元通过底座与光电单元电路板结合，编码器机械单元与光电单元配合实现光电信号的产生。本编码器采用一种创新结构的光路径模块，利用阻光转盘与光路径模块配合，实现光通路的变化，该结构巧妙地简化了光路径开关模块，结构做到轻薄，布局更加合理，同时节约了成本；此外，阻光转盘上还设有凹凸面，能与弹力件配合为用户提供段落手感；本申请结构紧凑，充分利用空间，使用方便，适于批量生产。

Description

光学编码器组件
技术领域
本发明涉及编码信号输出装置，具体涉及一种光学编码器。
背景技术
旋转式编码开关是主板上常见的一排开关用作跳线调节频率的，也叫编码开关、拨码开关，输出二进制BCD码。
现有的光学编码器一般采用光栅结构，即：一个发光二极管、两个接收管，之间是滚轮的光栅，滚轮滚动时光栅不断阻挡和透过光线，使接受管获得脉冲信号，从而实现感知滚轮滚动的效果，为获得顺畅手感操作同时还需要一些机械结构来实现转动时有段落的手感，但由于添加了机械结构，产品厚度及其使用也会随着受到影响，整体结构相应变得复杂难用。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明旨在提供一种新型结构的光学编码器组件。
为实现该技术目的，本发明的方案是：一种光学编码器组件，由编码器机械单元和光电单元两部分构成，其中，编码器机械单元包括有底座和盖体，光电单元为贴片有光学模块的电路板，光学模块包括有发光元件和光敏元件，所述编码器机械单元通过底座与光电单元电路板结合，编码器机械单元与光电单元配合实现光电信号的产生。
作为优选，所述编码器机械单元的底座内设有一可在底座内自由转动的阻光转盘，所述阻光转盘的底部安装有光路径模块，所述底座的底部开设有一透光孔；所述编码器机械单元通过底座与光电单元电路板结合时，该透光孔与发光元件相对应。
作为优选，所述光路径模块为均匀间隔分布在阻光转盘底部的若干反光片，所述发光元件和光敏元件之间设有挡光结构，当反光片旋转至透光孔时，发光元件发出的光经反光片折射至光敏元件使其受光进而产生信号。
作为优选，所述光路径模块为均匀间隔分布在阻光转盘底部的若干导光片，所述光敏元件设在导光片侧面并贴片于电路板上，当导光片旋转至透光孔时，发光元件发出的光经导光片传导至光敏元件使其受光进而产生信号。
作为优选，所述光敏元件为两个，光敏元件相互并排设置。
作为优选，所述阻光转盘底部设有与光路径模块相匹配的凹槽，所述光路径模块嵌于凹槽之中。
作为优选，所述底座上设有通孔，所述阻光转盘通过转轴插入通孔中扣合于底座上。
作为优选，所述光电单元与编码器机械单元分离设计，所述光电单元覆设有透光的防水绝缘保护层。
作为优选，所述阻光转盘的顶面为凹部与凸部均匀相间的凹凸面，所述编码器机械单元还设有与该凹凸面相配合的用以提供段落手感的弹力件。
作为优选，所述弹力件包括有固定板和弹力杆，所述弹力杆设置在固定板上，弹力杆的中部设有弹性凸起相抵与阻光转盘的凹凸面，转动阻光转盘时，弹性凸起与凹凸面配合提供段落手感；所述固定板固定在底座上。
本发明的有益效果是：本编码器采用一种创新结构的光路径模块，利用阻光转盘与光路径模块配合，实现光通路的变化，该结构巧妙地简化了光路径开关模块，结构做到轻薄，布局更加合理，同时节约了成本；此外，阻光转盘上还设有凹凸面，能与弹力件配合为用户提供段落手感；本申请结构紧凑，充分利用空间，使用方便，适于批量生产。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的爆炸图；
图3为本发明导光片实施例的结构示意图；
图4为本发明导光片实施例的爆炸图；
图5为本发明弹力件的结构示意图；
图6为本发明阻光转盘的结构示意图；
图7为本发明底座的结构示意图；
图8为本发明光学模块的结构示意图。
其中：1.底座；11.透光孔；12.通孔；2.盖体；3.光学模块；31.发光元件；32.光敏元件；33.挡光结构；34.防水绝缘保护层；4.电路板；5.阻光转盘；51.光路径模块(反光片/导光片)；52.凹槽；53.圆弧凹凸；6.弹力件；61.固定板；62.弹力杆；63.弹性凸起。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。
如图1-8所示，本发明所述的具体实施例为一种光学编码器组件，由编码器机械单元和光电单元两部分构成，其中，编码器机械单元包括有底座1和盖体2，光电单元为贴片有光学模块3的电路板4，光学模块3包括有发光元件31和光敏元件32，所述编码器机械单元通过底座1与光电单元的电路板4结合，两者配合实现光电信号的输出，光电单元与机械单元分离设计，所述光电单元覆设有有一层防水绝缘保护层34，使编码器组件实现防尘、防水、防静电功能。
该编码器机械单元的底座1内设有一可在底座1内自由转动的阻光转盘5，阻光转盘的底部为不反光材质，所述底座1上设有通孔12，所述阻光转盘5通过转轴插入通孔12中扣合于底座1上。所述阻光转盘5底部安装有光路径模块51，所述底座1的底部开设有一透光孔11；所述编码器机械单元通过底座1与光电单元的电路板4结合时，该透光孔11与发光元件31相对应。
光路径模块可以是反光片或是导光片。光路径模块51为均匀间隔分布在阻光转盘5底部的若干反光片时，所述发光元件31和光敏元件32之间设有挡光结构33，当反光片旋转至透光孔11时，发光元件31发出的光经反光片折射至光敏元件32使其受光进而产生信号。
光路径模块51为均匀间隔分布在阻光转盘底部的若干导光片时，所述光敏元件32设在导光片侧面并贴片于电路板4上，当导光片旋转至透光孔11时，发光元件31发出的光经导光片传导至光敏元件32使其受光进而产生信号。
所述光敏元件32为两个，相互并排设置，使编码器能够产生位移信号，发光元件发出的光到光路径模块51后，其折射或导出的光先到达其中一个光敏元件，再到达另一个光敏元件，通过正转和反转，发光元件发出的光到达两个光敏元件32的顺序不同，提供不同的方向信号，此外，根据旋转的速度，能够区分阻光转盘转动多少格，而提供不同的位移信号。
为了使编码器结构更加轻薄，所述阻光转盘5底部设有与光路径模块相匹配的凹槽52，所述光路径模块51嵌于凹槽52之中，当光路径模块51旋转至透光孔11时，光学模块3输出光路径信号。
为了使编码器组件使用时手感更佳，所述阻光转盘5的顶面为凹部与凸部均匀相间的凹凸面53，所述编码器机械单元还设有与该凹凸面53相配合的用以提供段落手感的弹力件6。
该弹力件6包括有固定板61和弹力杆62，所述弹力杆62设置在固定板61上，弹力杆与固定板一体设置，弹力杆62的中部设有弹性凸起63相抵与阻光转盘的凹凸面53，转动阻光转盘5时，弹性凸起63与凹凸面53配合提供段落手感；为了使固定板结合更加紧密，所述固定板61和盖体2上设有相对应的固定孔，通过固定孔与底座上的固定柱相结合，使弹力件6和盖体2能够保持稳定，此外，盖体的底部也延伸出有固定脚，固定脚焊接在底板上，使整体结构保持稳定。
本编码器采用一种创新结构的光路径模块，利用阻光转盘与光路径模块配合，实现光通路的变化，该结构巧妙地简化了光路径开关模块，结构做到轻薄，布局更加合理，同时节约了成本；此外，阻光转盘上还设有凹凸面，能与弹力件配合为用户提供段落手感；本申请结构紧凑，充分利用空间，使用方便，适于批量生产。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何细微修改、等同替换和改进，均应包含在本发明技术方案的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种光学编码器组件，由编码器机械单元和光电单元两部分构成，其中，编码器机械单元包括有底座和盖体，光电单元为贴片有光学模块的电路板，光学模块包括有发光元件和光敏元件，其特征在于：所述编码器机械单元通过底座与光电单元电路板结合，编码器机械单元与光电单元配合实现光电信号的产生。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光学编码器组件，其特征在于：所述编码器机械单元的底座内设有一可在底座内自由转动的阻光转盘，所述阻光转盘的底部安装有光路径模块，所述底座的底部开设有一透光孔；所述编码器机械单元通过底座与光电单元电路板结合时，该透光孔与发光元件相对应。
3.根据权利要求2所述的光学编码器组件，其特征在于：所述光路径模块为均匀间隔分布在阻光转盘底部的若干反光片，所述发光元件和光敏元件之间设有挡光结构，当反光片旋转至透光孔时，发光元件发出的光经反光片折射至光敏元件使其受光进而产生信号。
4.根据权利要求2所述的光学编码器组件，其特征在于：所述光路径模块为均匀间隔分布在阻光转盘底部的若干导光片，所述光敏元件设在导光片侧面并贴片于电路板上，当导光片旋转至透光孔时，发光元件发出的光经导光片传导至光敏元件使其受光进而产生信号。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一所述的光学编码器组件，其特征在于：所述光敏元件为两个，光敏元件相互并排设置。
6.根据权利要求2所述的光学编码器组件，其特征在于：所述阻光转盘底部设有与光路径模块相匹配的凹槽，所述光路径模块嵌于凹槽之中。
7.根据权利要求2所述的光学编码器组件，其特征在于：所述底座上设有通孔，所述阻光转盘通过转轴插入通孔中扣合于底座上。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的光学编码器组件，其特征在于：所述光电单元与编码器机械单元分离设计，所述光电单元覆设有透光的防水绝缘保护层。
9.根据权利要求2所述的光学编码器组件，其特征在于：所述阻光转盘的顶面为凹部与凸部均匀相间的凹凸面，所述编码器机械单元还设有与该凹凸面相配合的用以提供段落手感的弹力件。
10.根据权利要求9所述的光学编码器组件，其特征在于：所述弹力件包括有固定板和弹力杆，所述弹力杆设置在固定板上，弹力杆的中部设有弹性凸起相抵与阻光转盘的凹凸面，转动阻光转盘时，弹性凸起与凹凸面配合提供段落手感；所述固定板固定在底座上。
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