TWI826359B - 超吸收性聚合物顆粒的填充方法 - Google Patents
超吸收性聚合物顆粒的填充方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI826359B TWI826359B TW106136632A TW106136632A TWI826359B TW I826359 B TWI826359 B TW I826359B TW 106136632 A TW106136632 A TW 106136632A TW 106136632 A TW106136632 A TW 106136632A TW I826359 B TWI826359 B TW I826359B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- polymer particles
- storage bin
- filling
- weight
- superabsorbent polymer
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 46
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GOXNUYXRIQJIEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one Chemical class OCCN1CCOC1=O GOXNUYXRIQJIEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,3-difluorophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1F PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1CC(C(C)C)CC=C1C DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PUGOMSLRUSTQGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-di(prop-2-enoyloxy)propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C PUGOMSLRUSTQGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LEJBBGNFPAFPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C=C LEJBBGNFPAFPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazolidone Chemical class O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BXAAQNFGSQKPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[1,2,2-tris(prop-2-enoxy)ethoxy]prop-1-ene Chemical compound C=CCOC(OCC=C)C(OCC=C)OCC=C BXAAQNFGSQKPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMGMDXCADSRNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dihydroxy-1,3-diazepan-2-one Chemical compound OC1CNC(=O)NCC1O ZMGMDXCADSRNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940068918 polyethylene glycol 400 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940047670 sodium acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- VPYJNCGUESNPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triallylamine Chemical compound C=CCN(CC=C)CC=C VPYJNCGUESNPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N (R)-alpha-Tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1C UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBKPCCVOBAVFOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate;2-methylprop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O.CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C=C BBKPCCVOBAVFOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTELLNMUWNJXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.CCC(CO)(CO)CO GTELLNMUWNJXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TURITJIWSQEMDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-n-[(2-methylprop-2-enoylamino)methyl]prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NCNC(=O)C(C)=C TURITJIWSQEMDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUYDVDHTTIQNMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(diethylamino)propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCOC(=O)C=C XUYDVDHTTIQNMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFQHFMGRRVQFNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCCOC(=O)C=C UFQHFMGRRVQFNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002016 Aerosil® 200 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSVCELGFZIQNCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CC(O)=O FSVCELGFZIQNCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYXGIOKAKDAARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(2-hydroxyethyl)iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O JYXGIOKAKDAARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUAHIVMZATZOHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L OC(C(=O)[O-])S(=O)O.[Na+].[Na+].OC(C(=O)[O-])S(=O)O Chemical compound OC(C(=O)[O-])S(=O)O.[Na+].[Na+].OC(C(=O)[O-])S(=O)O PUAHIVMZATZOHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZAGLMPBQOKGGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[4-(4-prop-2-enoyloxybutoxy)benzoyl]oxyphenyl] 4-(4-prop-2-enoyloxybutoxy)benzoate Chemical compound C1=CC(OCCCCOC(=O)C=C)=CC=C1C(=O)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC(=O)C1=CC=C(OCCCCOC(=O)C=C)C=C1 ZZAGLMPBQOKGGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940087168 alpha tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M dihydrogenphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007786 electrostatic charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCC(O)=O NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQDGTJPVBWZJAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N monoethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(O)=O CQDGTJPVBWZJAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MENOBBYDZHOWLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholine-2,3-dione Chemical compound O=C1NCCOC1=O MENOBBYDZHOWLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxetane Chemical compound C1COC1 AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960000984 tocofersolan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AOBORMOPSGHCAX-DGHZZKTQSA-N tocofersolan Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C AOBORMOPSGHCAX-DGHZZKTQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940048102 triphosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K tris(lactato)aluminium Chemical compound CC(O)C(=O)O[Al](OC(=O)C(C)O)OC(=O)C(C)O VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28011—Other properties, e.g. density, crush strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/265—Synthetic macromolecular compounds modified or post-treated polymers
- B01J20/267—Cross-linked polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
- B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/50—Aspects relating to the use of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/68—Superabsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
- B65G2201/04—Bulk
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本發明係關於超吸收性聚合物顆粒之填充方法,其包含將該等超吸收性聚合物顆粒自儲倉中排至運輸用散裝容器中,其中在填充該散裝容器期間該儲倉之填充位準從不小於20%。
Description
本發明係關於超吸收性聚合物顆粒之填充方法,其包含將超吸收性聚合物顆粒自儲倉中排至運輸用散裝容器中,其中在填充散裝容器期間儲倉之填充位準從不小於20%。
超吸收性聚合物顆粒用於生產尿布、塞子、衛生棉及其他衛生製品,而且亦作為保水劑。超吸收性聚合物顆粒通常亦稱為「吸收性樹脂」、「超吸附劑」、「水吸收性聚合物」、「吸收性聚合物」、「吸收性膠凝材料」、「親水聚合物「或「水凝膠」。
超吸收性聚合物顆粒之產生闡述於專書「Modern Superabsorbent Polymer Technology」,F.L.Buchholz及A.T.Graham,Wiley-VCH,1998,第71頁至第103頁中。
EP 1 118 633 A2揭示儲存超吸收性聚合物顆粒之方法,其中加熱與所儲存超吸收性聚合物顆粒接觸之表面。
EP 2 253 563 A1揭示產生超吸收性聚合物顆粒之方法,其中給料斗具有指定形狀。
EP 2 263 939 A1揭示將超吸收性聚合物顆粒填充至容器中之方法,
其包含振動該容器。
本發明係關於一種超吸收性聚合物顆粒之填充方法,其中將該等超吸收性聚合物顆粒自儲倉中排至n個散裝容器中,n係整數,該n個散裝容器之填充體積之總和對應於該儲倉有效容積之80%以上,且在填充該n個散裝容器期間該儲倉之填充位準不小於20%。
本發明之目標係提供在製成品之粒徑分佈無變化之情形下產生超吸收性聚合物顆粒之改良方法。
該目標係藉由超吸收性聚合物顆粒之填充方法達成,其中將超吸收性聚合物顆粒自儲倉中排至n個散裝容器中,n係整數,n個散裝容器之填充體積之總和對應於儲倉有效容積之80%以上,且在填充n個散裝容器期間儲倉之填充位準不小於20%。
儲倉之填充位準係儲倉中之填充體積除以儲倉之有效容積。
n個散裝容器之填充體積之總和必須高於儲倉有效容積之80%,此意味著排出體積必須大於儲倉有效容積之80%,且在填充n個散裝容器之總時間期間儲倉之填充位準必須為至少20%。
散裝容器係適於將超吸收性聚合物顆粒運輸至顧客之容器。適宜散裝容器係大袋、襯袋紙盒系統或罐車。
大袋係呈大尺寸之標準化容器,其用於儲存及輸送。大袋通常係由厚的經編織聚乙烯或聚丙烯製得。填充後,大袋中超吸收性聚合物顆粒之
量以重量計通常係約1,000kg至1,200kg。大袋亦稱為撓性中間散裝容器(FIBC)。
儲倉之有效容積係可用於儲存超吸收性聚合物顆粒之儲倉之最大體積。散裝容器之填充體積係以體積計,所填充散裝容器中超吸收性聚合物顆粒之有效量。
本發明係基於在儲倉之低填充位準下,具有不同粒徑之超吸收性聚合物顆粒存在分離之發現。此意味著對經填充用於出售之散裝容器之粒徑分佈具有負面影響。因此,在填充n個散裝容器期間,儲倉之填充位準較佳不小於30%、更佳不小於40%、最佳不小於50%,其中n個散裝容器之填充體積之總和對應於儲倉有效容積之較佳85%以上、更佳90%以上、最佳95%以上。
儲倉與垂直方向之圓錐角較佳小於50°、更佳與垂直方向小於40°、最佳與垂直方向小於30°。
儲倉之有效容積較佳為至少100m3、更佳為至少300m3、最佳為至少500m3。
舉例而言,儲倉有效容積為60m3,各大袋之填充體積為1m3,60個大袋之填充體積之總和對應於儲倉有效容積之100%,57個大袋之填充體積之總和對應於儲倉有效容積之95%,54個大袋之填充體積之總和對應於儲倉有效容積之90%,51個大袋填充體積之總和對應於儲倉有效容積之85%,48個大袋之填充體積之總和對應於儲倉有效容積之80%。
根據本發明,儲倉必須在儲倉之填充位準低於20%、30%、40%或50%之前經再填充。儲倉之再填充可以不連續方式或連續方式完成。
舉例而言,若欲自有效容積為60m3且填充位準為100%之儲倉填充60個填充體積各為1m3之大袋,則本發明可藉由填充30個大袋(儲倉之填充位準降至50%),再填充儲倉(至100%之填充位準)並填充隨後30個大袋來實施。
視情況,在儲倉與散裝容器填充站之間存在小的中間給料斗。此設定可用於將兩個或更多個儲倉與一個散裝容器填充站連接。
儲倉內之超吸收性聚合物顆粒之溫度較佳為30℃至80、更佳35℃至70℃、最佳40℃至60℃。儲倉內之超吸收性聚合物顆粒之含水量較佳為0.1重量%至15重量%、更佳0.3重量%至10重量%、最佳0.5重量%至5重量%。
在本發明之較佳實施例中,儲倉為隔熱式及/或外熱式。外部加熱(伴熱)可藉由使用蒸汽或電能加熱儲倉之外表面來完成。藉由隔熱及/或外部加熱將防止任何儲倉內壁處濕氣之冷凝。
在本發明之另一較佳實施例中,儲倉連接有排放管線。排放管線係連接中間儲倉、儲存儲倉及/或散裝容器填充站與外部大氣之任何導管或管道。通常,排放管線包含至少一個過濾器(過濾系統)用於移除超吸收性
聚合物顆粒,尤其具有小粒徑之超吸收性聚合物顆粒(粉塵)。較佳地,若干排放管線經由一個管集箱(header)與一個過濾系統連接。
在另一較佳實施例中,該儲倉中之該等超吸收性聚合物顆粒及/或散裝容器覆蓋有乾燥空氣。
超吸收性聚合物顆粒之產生在下文中詳細闡述:超吸收性聚合物顆粒可藉由使單體溶液或懸浮液聚合產生,其包含:a)至少一種具有酸基且可經至少部分中和之烯系不飽和單體,b)至少一種交聯劑,c)至少一種起始劑,d)視情況一或多種可與a)下所提及單體共聚之烯系不飽和單體及e)視情況一或多種水溶性聚合物,且通常為水不溶性。
單體a)較佳為水溶性,即在23℃下於水中之溶解度通常為至少1g/100g水、較佳至少5g/100g水、更佳至少25g/100g水且最佳至少35g/100g水。
適宜單體a)係(例如)烯系不飽和羧酸,例如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸及伊康酸。尤佳單體係丙烯酸及甲基丙烯酸。極佳者係丙烯酸。
其他適宜單體a)係(例如)烯系不飽和磺酸,例如苯乙烯磺酸及2-丙烯醯胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸(AMPS)。
雜質對聚合可具有相當之影響。因此,所使用之原材料應具有最大純度。因此,專門純化單體a)通常係有利的。適宜之純化製程闡述於(例如)WO 2002/055469 A1、WO 2003/078378 A1及WO 2004/035514 A1
中。適宜單體a)係根據WO 2004/035514 A1(例如)純化之丙烯酸,且其包含99.8460重量%之丙烯酸、0.0950重量%之乙酸、0.0332重量%之水、0.0203重量%之丙酸、0.0001重量%之糠醛、0.0001重量%之馬來酸酐、0.0003重量%之二丙烯酸及0.0050重量%之氫醌單甲醚。
單體a)之總量中的丙烯酸及/或其鹽之比例較佳為至少50mol%、更佳至少90mol%、最佳至少95mol%。
單體a)通常包含聚合抑制劑、較佳氫醌單醚作為儲存穩定劑。
在各情形下基於未中和之單體a),單體溶液包含較佳以重量計最多250ppm、較佳以重量計至多130ppm、更佳以重量計至多70ppm且較佳以重量計至少10ppm、更佳以重量計至少30ppm且尤其以重量計約50ppm之氫醌單醚。舉例而言,單體溶液可藉由使用具有酸基之烯系不飽和單體與適當含量之氫醌單醚來製備。
較佳之氫醌單醚係氫醌單甲醚(MEHQ)及/或α-生育酚(維生素E)。
適宜交聯劑b)係具有至少兩個適於交聯之基團之化合物。此等基團係(例如)可經自由基聚合至聚合物鏈中之烯系不飽和基團及可與單體a)之酸基形成共價鍵之官能基。另外,可與單體a)之至少兩個酸基形成配位鍵之多價金屬鹽亦適宜作為交聯劑b)。
交聯劑b)較佳係具有至少兩個可聚合基團之化合物,該等可聚合基團可經自由基聚合至聚合物網絡中。適宜交聯劑b)係(例如)乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、二乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、烯丙基甲基丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、三烯丙胺、氯化四烯丙基銨、四烯丙氧基乙烷,如EP 0 530 438 A1中所述;二-及三丙烯酸酯,如EP 0 547 847 A1、EP 0 559 476 A1、EP 0 632 068 A1、WO 93/21237 A1、WO
2003/104299 A1、WO 2003/104300 A1、WO 2003/104301 A1及DE 103 31 450 A1中所述;混合丙烯酸酯,其如同丙烯酸酯基一般,包含其他烯系不飽和基團,如DE 103 31 456 A1及DE 103 55 401 A1中所述;或交聯劑混合物,如(例如)DE 195 43 368 A1、DE 196 46 484 A1、WO 90/15830 A1及WO 2002/032962 A2中所述。
較佳交聯劑b)係新戊四醇基三烯丙基醚、四烯丙氧基乙烷、亞甲基雙甲基丙烯醯胺、15重乙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯及三烯丙胺。
極佳交聯劑b)係聚乙氧基化及/或聚丙氧基化甘油,其經丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸酯化,以得到二-或三丙烯酸酯,如(例如)WO 2003/104301 A1中所述。3重至10重乙氧基化甘油之二-及/或三丙烯酸酯係特別有利的。極佳者係1重至5重乙氧基化及/或丙氧基化甘油之二-或三丙烯酸酯。最佳者係3重至5重乙氧基化及/或丙氧基化甘油之三丙烯酸酯,尤其3重乙氧基化甘油之三丙烯酸酯。
交聯劑b)在各情形下基於單體a)之量較佳係0.05重量%至1.5重量%、更佳0.1重量%至1重量%且最佳0.3重量%至0.6重量%。隨著交聯劑之含量升高,離心保留能力(CRC)下降且在21.0g/cm2之壓力下吸收率通過最大值。
所用之起始劑c)可為在聚合條件下生成自由基之所有化合物,例如熱起始劑、氧化還原起始劑、光起始劑。適宜氧化還原起始劑係過氧二硫酸鈉/抗壞血酸、過氧化氫/抗壞血酸、過氧二硫酸鈉/亞硫酸氫鈉及過氧化氫/亞硫酸氫鈉。較佳者係使用熱起始劑及氧化還原起始劑之混合物,例如過氧二硫酸鈉/過氧化氫/抗壞血酸。然而,所用之還原組分較佳係2-羥基-
2-磺酸基乙酸二鈉或2-羥基-2-亞磺酸基乙酸二鈉、2-羥基-2-磺酸基乙酸二鈉及亞硫酸氫鈉之混合物。此等混合物可作為Brüggolite® FF6及Brüggolite® FF7(Brüggemann Chemicals;Heilbronn;Germany)獲得。
可與具有酸基之烯系不飽和單體a)共聚之烯系不飽和單體d)係(例如)丙烯醯胺、甲基丙烯醯胺、丙烯酸羥乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羥乙酯、甲基丙烯酸二甲基胺基乙酯、丙烯酸二甲基胺基乙酯、丙烯酸二甲基胺基丙酯、丙烯酸二乙基胺基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸二甲基胺基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸二乙基胺基乙酯。
所用之水溶性聚合物e)可係聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯基吡咯啶酮、澱粉、澱粉衍生物、經改質纖維素,例如甲基纖維素或羥基乙基纖維素、明膠、聚乙二醇或聚丙烯酸,較佳地澱粉、澱粉衍生物及經改質纖維素。
通常使用單體水溶液。單體溶液之水含量較佳為40重量%至75重量%、更佳45重量%至70重量%且最佳50重量%至65重量%。亦可使用單體懸浮液,即具有過量單體a)(例如,丙烯酸鈉)之單體溶液。隨著水含量之升高,隨後乾燥之能量需要升高,且隨著水含量之下降,聚合之熱量僅可不充分地經移除。
為了最佳作用,較佳之聚合抑制劑需要溶解氧。因此,單體溶液可在聚合之前藉由惰性化除去溶解氧,亦即使惰性氣體(較佳地,氮或二氧化碳)流經。單體溶液之氧含量較佳在聚合之前下降至以重量計小於1ppm、更佳以重量計小於0.5ppm、最佳以重量計小於0.1ppm。
為更好地控制聚合反應,視情況可將所有已知螯合劑添加至單體溶液或懸浮液或其原材料。適宜螯合劑係(例如)磷酸、二磷酸、三磷酸、多磷酸、檸檬酸、酒石酸或其鹽。
其他適宜實例係亞胺基二乙酸、羥乙基亞胺基二乙酸、氮基三乙酸、氮基三丙酸、乙二胺四乙酸、二亞乙基三胺五乙酸、三伸乙基四胺六乙酸、N,N-雙(2-羥乙基)甘胺酸及反式-1,2-二胺基環己烷四乙酸及其鹽。所用之量基於單體a)通常為1ppm至30000ppm、較佳10ppm至1000ppm、優先20ppm至600ppm、更佳50ppm至400ppm、最佳100ppm至300ppm。
使單體溶液或懸浮液聚合。適宜反應器係(例如)捏合式反應器或帶式反應器。在捏合機中,藉由(例如)反向旋轉攪拌器軸連續粉碎在單體水溶液或懸浮液之聚合中所形成之聚合物凝膠,如WO 2001/038402 A1中所述。帶上之聚合闡述於(例如)DE 38 25 366 A1及US 6,241,928中。帶反應器中之聚合形成聚合物凝膠,其必須在另一製程步驟中經粉碎,例如在擠出機或捏合機中。
為改良乾燥性質,藉助捏合機所獲得之經粉碎聚合物凝膠可另外經擠出。
所得聚合物凝膠之酸基通常經部分中和。中和較佳係在單體階段進行。此通常係藉由混入呈固體或較佳呈水溶液形式之中和劑而實現。中和度較佳為50mol%至90mol%、更佳60mol%至85mol%且最佳65mol%至80mol%,針對此可使用慣用中和劑,較佳鹼金屬氫氧化物、鹼金屬氧化物、鹼金屬碳酸鹽或鹼金屬碳酸氫鹽以及其混合物。亦可使用銨鹽代替鹼金屬鹽。尤佳鹼金屬係鈉及鉀,但極佳者係氫氧化鈉、碳酸鈉或碳酸氫鈉以及其混合物。
然而,亦可在聚合後,在聚合中所形成之聚合物凝膠階段進行中和。亦可藉由僅在聚合之後,在聚合物凝膠階段將一部分中和劑實際添加
至單體溶液並設定期望之最終中和度,在聚合之前中和高達40mol%、較佳10mol%至30mol%且更佳15mol%至25mol%之酸基。當聚合物凝膠在聚合後經至少部分中和時,較佳(例如)藉助擠出機將聚合物凝膠機械粉碎,在此情形下,可將中和劑噴霧、噴灑或傾倒於其上,然後小心地混入。為此目的,可將所獲得之凝膠團重複擠出以均質化。
乾燥所得聚合物凝膠。乾燥機不受任何限制。然而,聚合物凝膠之乾燥較佳利用帶式乾燥機實施,直至殘餘含水量較佳為0.5重量%至10重量%、更佳1重量%至7重量%且最佳2重量%至5重量%為止,殘餘含水量係藉由EDANA所推薦之測試方法編號WSP 230.2-05「Mass Loss Upon Heating」測定。在殘餘含水量過高之情形下,經乾燥之聚合物凝膠的玻璃轉換溫度Tg之過低且只可困難地進一步處理。在過低殘餘含水量之情形下,經乾燥之聚合物凝膠過於易碎,且在隨後研磨步驟中獲得不期望之具有過低粒徑之大量聚合物顆粒(「細粒」)。凝膠之固體含量在乾燥之前較佳為25重量%至90重量%、更佳35重量%至70重量%且最佳40重量%至60重量%。然而,流化床乾燥機或槳式乾燥機視情況亦可用於乾燥目的。
隨後,將經乾燥之聚合物凝膠研磨並分類。用於研磨之設備通常可係單級或多級輥磨機,較佳二級或三級輥磨機、棒磨機、錘磨機或振動磨機。
作為產物部分除出的聚合物顆粒之平均粒徑較佳為至少200μm、更佳250μm至600μm且極佳300μm至500μm。產物部分之平均粒徑可藉助EDANA所推薦之測試方法編號WSP 220.2-05「Particle Size Distribution」測定,其中以累積形式將篩選部分之質量比例繪圖且以圖表方式測定平均粒徑。平均粒徑在此係產生累計50重量%之篩孔大小之
值。
粒徑至少為150μm之顆粒之比例較佳為至少90重量%、更佳至少95重量%、最佳至少98重量%。
具有過小粒徑之聚合物顆粒降低(例如)鹽水導流力(SFC)。因此,過小之聚合物顆粒(「細粒」)之比例應較低。
因此,通常移除過小之聚合物顆粒並再循環至製程中。此較佳在聚合之前、聚合期間或聚合之後立即完成,即在乾燥聚合物凝膠之前完成。過小之聚合物顆粒可在再循環之前或期間經水及/或水性表面活性劑潤濕。
亦可在之後製程步驟中,例如在表面後交聯後或另一塗佈步驟中移除過小之聚合物顆粒。在此情形中,經再循環之過小之聚合物顆粒經表面後交聯或以另一方式經塗佈,例如利用發煙二氧化矽。
當使用捏合式反應器來聚合時,過小之聚合物顆粒較佳在後三分之一聚合期間添加。
當在極早階段將過小聚合物顆粒(例如)實際添加至單體溶液時,此降低所得超吸收性聚合物顆粒之離心保留能力(CRC)。然而,此可藉由(例如)調整所用交聯劑b)之量來補償。
粒徑為至多850μm之顆粒之比例較佳為至少90重量%、更佳至少95重量%、最佳至少98重量%。
粒徑為至多600μm之顆粒之比例較佳為至少90重量%、更佳至少95重量%、最佳至少98重量%。
具有過大粒徑之聚合物顆粒降低自由溶脹率。因此,過大之聚合物顆粒之比例應同樣較小。
因此,通常移除過大之聚合物顆粒並再循環至經乾燥聚合物凝膠之研磨中。
為改良性質,聚合物顆粒隨後可經熱表面後交聯。適宜表面後交聯劑係包含可與聚合物顆粒之至少兩個酸基形成共價鍵之基團之化合物。適宜化合物係(例如)多官能胺、多官能醯胺胺、多官能環氧化物,如EP 0 083 022 A2、EP 0 543 303 A1及EP 0 937 736 A2中所述;二官能或多官能醇,如DE 33 14 019 A1、DE 35 23 617 A1及EP 0 450 922 A2中所述;或β-羥基烷基醯胺,如DE 102 04 938 A1及US 6,239,230中所述。
另外闡述為適宜表面後交聯劑者係DE 40 20 780 C1中之環狀碳酸酯;DE 198 07 502 A1中之2-噁唑啶酮及其衍生物,例如2-羥乙基-2-噁唑啶酮;DE 198 07 992 C1中之雙-及聚-2-噁唑啶酮;DE 198 54 573 A1中之2-側氧基四氫-1,3-噁嗪及其衍生物;DE 198 54 574 A1中之N-醯基-2-噁唑啶酮;DE 102 04 937 A1中之環脲;DE 103 34 584 A1中之二環醯胺縮醛;EP 1 199 327 A2中之氧雜環丁烷及環脲;以及WO 2003/031482 A1中之嗎啉-2,3-二酮及其衍生物。
較佳表面後交聯劑係碳酸伸乙酯、乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、聚醯胺與環氧氯丙烷之反應產物及丙二醇與1,4-丁二醇之混合物。
極佳表面後交聯劑係2-羥乙基噁唑啶-2-酮、噁唑啶-2-酮及1,3-丙二醇。
另外,亦可使用包含額外可聚合烯系不飽和基團之表面後交聯劑,如DE 37 13 601 A1中所述。
表面後交聯劑之量在各情形下基於聚合物顆粒較佳為0.001重量%至2重量%、更佳0.02重量%至1重量%且最佳0.05重量%至0.2重量%。
在本發明之較佳實施例中,在表面後交聯之前、期間或之後,將除表面後交聯劑以外之多價陽離子施加至顆粒表面。
可用於本發明製程中之多價陽離子係(例如)二價陽離子,例如鋅、鎂、鈣、鐵及鍶之陽離子;三價陽離子,例如鋁、鐵、鉻、稀土元素及錳之陽離子;四價陽離子,例如鈦及鋯之陽離子。可能的相對離子係氯離子、溴離子、硫酸根、硫酸氫根、碳酸根、碳酸氫根、硝酸根、磷酸根、磷酸氫根、磷酸二氫根及羧酸根,例如乙酸根及乳酸根。硫酸鋁及乳酸鋁較佳。除金屬鹽以外,亦可使用多胺作為多價陽離子。
所用多價陽離子之量在各情形下基於聚合物顆粒為(例如)0.001重量%至1.5重量%、較佳0.005重量%至1重量%且更佳0.02重量%至0.8重量%。
表面後交聯通常係以使得表面後交聯劑之溶液噴霧至經乾燥聚合物顆粒上之方式實施。在噴霧施加後,將經表面後交聯劑塗佈之聚合物顆粒熱乾燥,且可在乾燥之前或期間進行表面後交聯反應。
表面後交聯劑溶液之噴霧施加較佳在具有移動混合工具之混合機中實施,例如螺旋式混合機、盤式混合機及槳式混合機。尤佳者係臥式混合機,例如槳式混合機,極佳者係立式混合機。臥式混合機與立式混合機之間之區別在於混合軸之位置,即臥式混合機具有水平安裝之混合軸而立式混合機具有垂直安裝之混合軸。適宜混合機係(例如)臥式Pflugschar®犁片混合機(Gebr.Lödige Maschinenbau GmbH;Paderborn;Germany)、Vrieco-Nauta連續混合機(Hosokawa Micron BV;Doetinchem;the Netherlands)、Processall Mixmill混合機(Processall Incorporated;Cincinnati;USA)及Schugi Flexomix®(Hosokawa Micron BV;
Doetinchem;the Netherlands)。然而,亦可在流化床中噴塗表面後交聯劑溶液。
表面後交聯劑通常以水溶液之形式使用。表面後交聯劑在聚合物顆粒中之滲透深度可經由非水性溶劑之含量及溶劑之總量來調整。
當僅使用水作為溶劑時,有利地添加表面活性劑。此改良潤濕特徵並降低形成塊之傾向。然而,較佳者係使用溶劑混合物,例如異丙醇/水、1,3-丙二醇/水及丙二醇/水,其中混合比率就質量而言較佳係20:80至40:60。
熱表面後交聯較佳係在接觸式乾燥機地、更佳槳式乾燥機、最佳地盤式乾燥機中實施。適宜乾燥機係(例如)Hosokawa Bepex®臥式槳式乾燥機(Hosokawa Micron GmbH;Leingarten;Germany)、Hosokawa Bepex®盤式乾燥機(Hosokawa Micron GmbH;Leingarten;Germany)及Nara槳式乾燥機(NARA Machinery Europe;Frechen;Germany)。此外,亦可使用流化床乾燥機。
熱表面後交聯可藉由加熱夾套或吹入暖空氣在混合機自身中實現。相同適宜者係下游乾燥機,例如盤架式乾燥機、旋轉管式烘箱或可加熱螺桿。尤其有利的是在流化床乾燥機中實現混合及乾燥。
較佳表面後交聯溫度在100℃至250℃、較佳120℃至220℃、更佳130℃至210℃且最佳150℃至200℃之範圍內。在此溫度下在反應混合機或乾燥機中之較佳滯留時間較佳係至少10分鐘、更佳至少20分鐘、最佳至少30分鐘及通常至多60分鐘。
隨後,可將表面後交聯之聚合物顆粒再次分類,將過小及/或過大之聚合物顆粒移除並再循環至製程中。
為進一步改良性質,表面後交聯之聚合物顆粒可經塗佈或重新增加水分。
重新增加水分較佳係在30℃至80℃、更佳35℃至70℃、最佳40℃至60℃下實施。在過低之溫度下,超吸收性聚合物顆粒傾向於形成塊,且在較高溫度下,水已蒸發至明顯程度。用於重新增加水分之水之量較佳係1重量%至10重量%、更佳2重量%至8重量%且最佳3重量%至5重量%。重新增加水分使聚合物顆粒之機械穩定性增加並降低其靜電充電之傾向。
用於改良自由溶脹率及鹽水導流力(SFC)之適宜塗料係(例如)無機惰性物質,例如水不溶性金屬鹽、有機聚合物、陽離子聚合物及二價或多價金屬陽離子。用於粉塵黏合之適宜塗料係(例如)多元醇。用於抵消聚合物顆粒之不期望之結塊傾向之適宜塗料係(例如)發煙二氧化矽(例如,Aerosil® 200)及表面活性劑(例如,Span® 20)。
藉由本發明製程所產生之超吸收性聚合物顆粒具有通常至少為15g/g、較佳至少20g/g、更佳至少22g/g、尤佳至少24g/g且最佳至少26g/g之離心保留能力(CRC)。超吸收性聚合物顆粒之離心保留能力(CRC)通常小於60g/g。離心保留能力(CRC)係藉由EDANA所推薦之測試方法編號WSP 241.2-05「Fluid Retention Capacity in Saline,After Centrifugation」來測定。
藉由本發明製程所產生之超吸收性聚合物顆粒在49.2g/cm2之壓力下具有通常為至少15g/g、較佳至少20g/g、更佳至少22g/g、尤佳至少24g/g且最佳至少26g/g之吸收率。在49.2g/cm2之壓力下,超吸收性聚合物顆粒之吸收率通常小於35g/g。49.2g/cm2之壓力下之吸收率係類似於EDANA所推薦之測試方法編號WSP 242.2-05「Absorption under
Pressure,Gravimetric Determination」測定,但建立49.2g/cm2之壓力代替21.0g/cm2之壓力。
藉由持續混合去離子水、50重量%之氫氧化鈉溶液及丙烯酸來製備丙烯酸/丙烯酸鈉溶液,使得中和度對應於71.3mol%。單體溶液之固體含量係38.8重量%。
所用之多烯系不飽和交聯劑係聚乙二醇-400二丙烯酸酯(二丙烯酸酯,產生於平均莫耳質量為400g/mol之聚乙二醇)。所用之量為每t單體溶液2kg交聯劑。
為起始自由基聚合,每t單體溶液使用1.03kg 0.25重量%之水性過氧化氫溶液、3.10kg 15重量%之水性過氧二硫酸鈉溶液及1.05kg 1重量%之水性抗壞血酸溶液。
單體溶液之產量係20t/h。反應溶液具有23.5℃之進料溫度。
將個別組分以下列量連續計量加入體積為6.3m3之List Contikneter連續捏合機反應器(LIST AG,Arisdorf,Switzerland):20t/h 單體溶液
40kg/h 聚乙二醇-400二丙烯酸酯
82.6kg/h 過氧化氫溶液/過氧二硫酸鈉溶液
21kg/h 抗壞血酸溶液
在交聯劑之加入點與起始劑之加入位點之間,用氮將單體溶液惰性化。
在大約50%之滯留時間後,另外進行將藉由研磨及篩選自生產製程所獲得之細粒(1000kg/h)計量添加至反應器中。反應混合物在反應器中之
滯留時間係15分鐘。
將所得聚合物凝膠置於帶式乾燥機上。在帶式乾燥機上,空氣/氣體混合物在聚合物凝膠周圍連續流動並將其乾燥。帶式乾燥機中之滯留時間係37分鐘。
研磨經乾燥之聚合物凝膠並篩選出150μm至850μm之粒徑部分。將所得基礎聚合物進行表面後交聯。
在Schugi Flexomix®(Hosokawa Micron B.V.,Doetinchem,the)中,將基礎聚合物用表面後交聯劑溶液塗佈,並在190℃下於NARA槳式乾燥機(GMF Gouda,Waddinxveen,the Netherlands)中乾燥45分鐘。用壓力為24巴之蒸汽來加熱槳式乾燥機(220℃)。
將下列量計量加入Schugi Flexomix®中:7.5t/h 基礎聚合物
270.0kg/h 表面後交聯劑溶液
表面後交聯劑溶液包含2.8重量%之2-羥乙基-2-噁唑啶酮、2.8重量%之硫酸鋁、66.1重量%之去離子水及28.3重量%之異丙醇。
經乾燥後,將表面後交聯之基礎聚合物在NARA槳式冷卻機(GMF Gouda,Waddinxveen,the Netherlands)中冷卻至大約60℃。
所得超吸收性聚合物顆粒具有28.4g/g之離心保留能力(CRC)。
將超吸收性聚合物顆粒儲存在與垂直方向之圓錐角為30°且內部體積為220m3之儲倉中。儲倉內之超吸收性顆粒具有45℃之溫度。
將超吸收性聚合物顆粒自儲倉中排至大袋中。將在填充每一大袋結束時儲倉之填充位準標記在大袋上達48小時之時期。分析來自大袋中之試樣。結果顯示於下表1中。所列示之數據係大袋之平均值,其中在填充大
袋結束時儲倉之填充位準在相同範圍內。
Claims (15)
- 一種超吸收性聚合物顆粒之填充方法,其中將該等具有不同粒徑之超吸收性聚合物顆粒自儲倉中排至n個散裝容器中,n係整數,該n個散裝容器之填充體積之總和對應於該儲倉有效容積之95%以上,且在填充該n個散裝容器期間該儲倉之填充位準不小於20%。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中在填充該n個散裝容器期間該儲倉之該填充位準不小於30%。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中在填充該n個散裝容器期間該儲倉之該填充位準不小於40%。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中在填充該n個散裝容器期間該儲倉之該填充位準不小於50%。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法,其中該儲倉與垂直方向之圓錐角小於30°。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法,其中該儲倉之有效容積為至少100m3。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法,其中該儲倉之有效容積為至少300 m3。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法,其中該儲倉之有效容積為至少500m3。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法,其中該儲倉為隔熱式及/或外熱式。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法,其中該儲倉內之該超吸收性顆粒之溫度為40℃至60℃。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法,其中該儲倉內之該超吸收性顆粒之含水量為0.5重量%至5重量%。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法,其中該儲倉連接有排放管線。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法,其中該儲倉中之該等超吸收性聚合物顆粒覆蓋有乾燥空氣。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法,其中該等超吸收性聚合物顆粒具有至少15g/g之離心保留能力。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法,其中該散裝容器係大袋。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
??16195643.8 | 2016-10-26 | ||
EP16195643 | 2016-10-26 | ||
EP16195643.8 | 2016-10-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201829252A TW201829252A (zh) | 2018-08-16 |
TWI826359B true TWI826359B (zh) | 2023-12-21 |
Family
ID=57280971
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW106136632A TWI826359B (zh) | 2016-10-26 | 2017-10-25 | 超吸收性聚合物顆粒的填充方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20190255514A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3532195B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2020500693A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN109843426A (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI826359B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2018077639A1 (zh) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101970316A (zh) * | 2008-03-13 | 2011-02-09 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 吸水性树脂的制造方法 |
WO2011111857A1 (ja) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-15 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 吸水性樹脂の製造方法 |
CN104583241A (zh) * | 2012-08-27 | 2015-04-29 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 制备吸水性聚合物颗粒的方法 |
CN104801481A (zh) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-29 | 高城 | 高能效料袋分离装置 |
Family Cites Families (56)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6018690B2 (ja) | 1981-12-30 | 1985-05-11 | 住友精化株式会社 | 吸水性樹脂の吸水性改良方法 |
JPS58180233A (ja) | 1982-04-19 | 1983-10-21 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | 吸収剤 |
US4505407A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1985-03-19 | Francis Tool Company | Volumetric measure for granular material |
US4734478A (en) | 1984-07-02 | 1988-03-29 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Water absorbing agent |
US4850304A (en) * | 1986-07-02 | 1989-07-25 | Nicholson James E | Automation system for a mixing and dispensing apparatus |
DE3713601A1 (de) | 1987-04-23 | 1988-11-10 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung eines stark wasserabsorbierenden polymerisats |
GB2208387B (en) | 1987-07-28 | 1990-11-14 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | Process for continuously preparing acrylic polymer gel |
WO1990015830A1 (en) | 1989-06-12 | 1990-12-27 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Hydrocolloid polymer |
CA2038779A1 (en) | 1990-04-02 | 1991-10-03 | Takumi Hatsuda | Method for production of fluid stable aggregate |
DE4020780C1 (zh) | 1990-06-29 | 1991-08-29 | Chemische Fabrik Stockhausen Gmbh, 4150 Krefeld, De | |
ES2097235T3 (es) | 1991-09-03 | 1997-04-01 | Hoechst Celanese Corp | Polimero superabsorbente que tiene propiedades de absorcion mejoradas. |
DE4138408A1 (de) | 1991-11-22 | 1993-05-27 | Cassella Ag | Hydrophile, hochquellfaehige hydrogele |
JP3045422B2 (ja) | 1991-12-18 | 2000-05-29 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 吸水性樹脂の製造方法 |
EP0559476B1 (en) | 1992-03-05 | 1997-07-16 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Method for the production of absorbent resin |
GB9208449D0 (en) | 1992-04-16 | 1992-06-03 | Dow Deutschland Inc | Crosslinked hydrophilic resins and method of preparation |
DE69435237D1 (de) | 1993-06-18 | 2009-10-22 | Nippon Catalytic Chem Ind | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines absorbierenden Harzes |
FR2740123B1 (fr) * | 1995-10-20 | 1998-01-02 | Total Raffinage Distribution | Procede et dispositif pour la distribution uniforme d'un solide sous forme divisee dans une enceinte |
DE19646484C2 (de) | 1995-11-21 | 2000-10-19 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Flüssigkeitsabsorbierende Polymere, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
DE19543368C2 (de) | 1995-11-21 | 1998-11-26 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Wasserabsorbierende Polymere mit verbesserten Eigenschaften, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
DE19807502B4 (de) | 1998-02-21 | 2004-04-08 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Nachvernetzung von Hydrogelen mit 2-Oxazolidinonen, daraus hergestellte Hydrogele und deren Verwendung |
US6265488B1 (en) | 1998-02-24 | 2001-07-24 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Production process for water-absorbing agent |
US6503979B1 (en) | 1998-02-26 | 2003-01-07 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for cross-linking hydrogels with bis- and poly-2-oxazolidinones |
TW460528B (en) | 1998-04-28 | 2001-10-21 | Nippon Catalytic Chem Ind | Method for production of shaped hydrogel of absorbent resin |
US6367517B1 (en) * | 1998-09-25 | 2002-04-09 | Karl Ludwig Haral Hoermann | Arrangement for dosing pourable substances and associated uses |
DE19854573A1 (de) | 1998-11-26 | 2000-05-31 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Nachvernetzung von Hydrogelen mit 2-Oxo-tetrahydro-1,3-oxazinen |
DE19854574A1 (de) | 1998-11-26 | 2000-05-31 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Nachvernetzung von Hydrogelen mit N-Acyl-2-Oxazolidinonen |
US6239230B1 (en) | 1999-09-07 | 2001-05-29 | Bask Aktiengesellschaft | Surface-treated superabsorbent polymer particles |
DE19955861A1 (de) | 1999-11-20 | 2001-05-23 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von vernetzten feinteiligen gelförmigen Polymerisaten |
US6817557B2 (en) * | 2000-01-20 | 2004-11-16 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Process for transporting, storing, and producing a particulate water-absorbent resin |
WO2002032962A2 (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2002-04-25 | Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Compositions of human proteins and method of use thereof |
US6809158B2 (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2004-10-26 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Water-absorbing agent and process for producing the same |
US7803969B2 (en) | 2001-01-12 | 2010-09-28 | Evonik Stockhausen Gmbh | Continuous process for the production and purification of acrylic acid |
KR20040040487A (ko) | 2001-10-05 | 2004-05-12 | 바스프 악티엔게젤샤프트 | 모르폴린 2,3-디온에 의한 하이드로겔의 가교결합 방법 |
DE10204938A1 (de) | 2002-02-07 | 2003-08-21 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Verfahren zur Nachvernetzung im Bereich der Oberfläche von wasserabsorbierenden Polymeren mit beta-Hydroxyalkylamiden |
DE10204937A1 (de) | 2002-02-07 | 2003-08-21 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Verfahren zur Nachvernetzung im Bereich der Oberfläche von wasserabsorbierenden Polymeren mit Harnstoffderivaten |
DE10211686A1 (de) | 2002-03-15 | 2003-10-02 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | (Meth)Acrylsäurekristall und Verfahren zur Herstellung und Aufreinigung von wässriger (Meth)Acrylsäure |
DE10225943A1 (de) | 2002-06-11 | 2004-01-08 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Estern von Polyalkoholen |
RU2005100765A (ru) | 2002-06-11 | 2005-09-10 | Басф Акциенгезелльшафт (De) | Сложный (мет)акриловый эфир полиалкоксилированного глицерина |
US7199211B2 (en) | 2002-06-11 | 2007-04-03 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | (Meth)acrylic esters of polyalkoxylated trimethylolpropane |
DE10247240A1 (de) | 2002-10-10 | 2004-04-22 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylsäure |
DE10331456A1 (de) | 2003-07-10 | 2005-02-24 | Basf Ag | (Meth)acrylsäureester alkoxilierter ungesättigter Polyolether und deren Herstellung |
DE10331450A1 (de) | 2003-07-10 | 2005-01-27 | Basf Ag | (Meth)acrylsäureester monoalkoxilierter Polyole und deren Herstellung |
DE10334584A1 (de) | 2003-07-28 | 2005-02-24 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Nachvernetzung von Hydrogelen mit bicyclischen Amidacetalen |
DE10355401A1 (de) | 2003-11-25 | 2005-06-30 | Basf Ag | (Meth)acrylsäureester ungesättigter Aminoalkohole und deren Herstellung |
DE102004007163B3 (de) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-10-06 | Stockhausen Gmbh | Silo-Vorrichtung für superabsorbierende Polymere |
US7767180B2 (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2010-08-03 | Degussa Gmbh | Precipitated silicas having special surface properties |
CN101472958B (zh) * | 2006-06-28 | 2012-08-08 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 氯化乙烯基聚合物和组合物及其制品 |
US8481159B2 (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2013-07-09 | Basf Se | Water-absorbent porous polymer particles having specific sphericity and high bulk density |
KR101290740B1 (ko) * | 2010-11-22 | 2013-07-29 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
US9017452B2 (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2015-04-28 | ADA-ES, Inc. | System and method for dense phase sorbent injection |
WO2013147284A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-10-03 | 協和化学工業株式会社 | 微細ハイドロタルサイト粒子 |
KR20150070165A (ko) * | 2012-10-18 | 2015-06-24 | 가부시키가이샤 닛폰 쇼쿠바이 | 폴리아크릴산(염)계 흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 및 그의 공정 관리 방법 |
EP3053831B1 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2023-12-27 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Filled particulate water absorbing agent |
US10005064B2 (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2018-06-26 | Basf Se | Process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles |
CN107847905A (zh) * | 2015-07-01 | 2018-03-27 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 颗粒状吸水剂 |
GB201620525D0 (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-01-18 | Ineos Europe Ag | Process |
-
2017
- 2017-10-16 EP EP17783522.0A patent/EP3532195B1/en active Active
- 2017-10-16 JP JP2019522402A patent/JP2020500693A/ja active Pending
- 2017-10-16 WO PCT/EP2017/076291 patent/WO2018077639A1/en unknown
- 2017-10-16 CN CN201780063978.4A patent/CN109843426A/zh active Pending
- 2017-10-16 US US16/344,046 patent/US20190255514A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-10-25 TW TW106136632A patent/TWI826359B/zh active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101970316A (zh) * | 2008-03-13 | 2011-02-09 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 吸水性树脂的制造方法 |
WO2011111857A1 (ja) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-15 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 吸水性樹脂の製造方法 |
CN104583241A (zh) * | 2012-08-27 | 2015-04-29 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 制备吸水性聚合物颗粒的方法 |
CN104801481A (zh) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-29 | 高城 | 高能效料袋分离装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2020500693A (ja) | 2020-01-16 |
WO2018077639A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
US20190255514A1 (en) | 2019-08-22 |
EP3532195A1 (en) | 2019-09-04 |
CN109843426A (zh) | 2019-06-04 |
EP3532195B1 (en) | 2024-02-14 |
TW201829252A (zh) | 2018-08-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8080620B2 (en) | Process for continuously producing water-absorbing polymer particles | |
JP5871803B2 (ja) | 表面後架橋された吸水性ポリマー粒子の後給湿方法 | |
US8789774B2 (en) | Method for producing water-absorbing polymer particles | |
US8828323B2 (en) | Process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles | |
JP6076455B2 (ja) | 吸水性ポリマー粒子の製造方法 | |
JP2013507467A (ja) | 表面後架橋された吸水性ポリマー粒子の後給湿方法 | |
CN110799275A (zh) | 超吸收性聚合物颗粒的分级方法 | |
US8765898B2 (en) | Process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles | |
JP6113084B2 (ja) | 改善された浸透性を有する吸水性ポリマー粒子を製造する方法 | |
CN109153792B (zh) | 制备超吸收剂的方法 | |
US8945716B2 (en) | Process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles | |
US8742026B2 (en) | Process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles with improved permeability | |
TWI826359B (zh) | 超吸收性聚合物顆粒的填充方法 | |
US20130338325A1 (en) | Process for Producing Water-Absorbing Polymer Particles in a Polymerization Reactor with At Least Two Axially Parallel Rotating Shafts | |
US8883961B2 (en) | Process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles | |
CN112996592A (zh) | 制备超吸收剂的方法 | |
CN112969529B (zh) | 制备超吸收剂的方法 | |
CN111212666B (zh) | 制备超吸收剂的方法 | |
CN112969528A (zh) | 制备超吸收剂的方法 |