TWI804470B - 光催化組成物及其於獲得水性漆方面之用途 - Google Patents
光催化組成物及其於獲得水性漆方面之用途 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI804470B TWI804470B TW106121498A TW106121498A TWI804470B TW I804470 B TWI804470 B TW I804470B TW 106121498 A TW106121498 A TW 106121498A TW 106121498 A TW106121498 A TW 106121498A TW I804470 B TWI804470 B TW I804470B
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- titanium dioxide
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Abstract
本發明之領域係關於一種光催化組成物,例如,水泥基底的光催化組成物;及其於獲得水性漆方面的用途。有提供一種光催化組成物,其包含: (a)至少一種無機黏著劑; (b)至少一種光催化; (c)至少一種具有非常低黏度的纖維素; (d)至少一種流化劑; (e)至少一種呈粒子形式的第一石灰質充填劑,其至少95重量%具有尺寸不大於40微米; (f)至少一種呈粒子形式的第二石灰質充填劑,其至少95重量%具有尺寸不大於20微米; (g)至少一種熱絕緣材料,其包含具有次毫米直徑的中空陶瓷球,及 (h)玻璃泡(glass bubble)硼矽酸鹽微球體。 其優點包括該具有次毫米直徑的中空陶瓷球改良該乾漆產物在表面上的產率(每公斤液體漆所塗裝的乾漆面積)、改良該乾漆產物的熱絕緣性及改良該乾漆產物的反射係數;該玻璃泡硼矽酸鹽微球體改良該乾漆產物在表面上的產率(每公斤液體漆所塗裝的乾漆面積)、改良該乾漆產物的反射係數及包括該組成物的液體漆之工作容易性。
Description
1.發明領域 本發明之領域係關於一種光催化組成物,例如,水泥基底的光催化組成物;及其於獲得水性漆方面的用途。
發明背景 2.工藝背景 本揭示考量到一種光催化組成物,例如,水泥基底的光催化組成物;及其於獲得水性漆方面的用途。
光催化係一種與某些已知為光觸媒的物質有關之自然現象,其當以合適波長的光照射時能催化某些化學反應。特別是,於空氣及光存在下,在包含光催化物質的表面上會啟動氧化過程,此導致有機及無機玷污物質(例如,微生物、氮氧化物、芳香族縮聚產物、苯、二氧化硫、一氧化碳、甲醛、乙醛、甲醇、乙醇、苯、乙基苯、甲基苯、一氧及二氧化氮)轉換及/或分解。此玷污及/或有毒物質經由該光催化方法轉換成可由雨水或經由洗滌沖走的無害物質,諸如硝酸鈉(NaNO3
)、硫酸鈣(CaSO4
)、硝酸鈣(Ca(NO3
)2
)及碳酸鈣(CaCO3
)。
因此,可使用光催化方法來相當大地減低存在於環境中的玷污物,諸如由汽車、工廠、家用加熱及其它來源之廢氣所產生的那些;及同時消除會讓建築物或其它結構表面惡化的污物、黴菌及細菌。
光觸媒通常係金屬化合物,諸如二氧化鈦,TiO2
,其最具活性且大部分係使用其;氧化鋅,ZnO;及其它氧化物及硫化物(例如,CeO2
、ZrO2
、SnO2
、CdS、ZnS等等)。
已經花費大量研究而提供一包括欲使用來塗佈建築物表面的光觸媒且能以在建築工業中通常使用的技術進行施加之組成物;此組成物保證一明顯且持久的光催化效應,同時保證令人滿意之美觀效應,和當然不過多的成本,以便允許其大規模施用。 3.相關技藝之討論
根據先述技藝,通常將光催化產物併入含有習知型式基本上有機基底的漆或清漆調配物中。然而,此提供有機本質的調配物將進行由該光觸媒催化的轉換及/或分解作用,此使得所施加的塗層之性質會隨著時間惡化而導致分離及碎成粉末現象,和造成原始光催化性質快速衰減。
亦在技藝中已知包含光觸媒之水泥基底的組成物。
例如,在專利申請案WO 2009/013337中描述出一種光催化組成物,其包含:一水凝黏合劑;一多碳酸或丙烯酸超流化(superfluidizing)試劑;一包含黏度在10,000至120,000 毫巴斯卡‧秒間之纖維素醚;一黏著劑;一石灰質、矽酸或矽石灰質(silicocalcareous)充填劑;及一光觸媒。此等組成物將具備流變性質以諸如提供其特別合適於施加在大表面上而不會滴下或變形。
在專利申請案WO 2013/018059中描述出一種以水稀釋進行使用的光催化粉末漆,其包含:Portland水泥,其係與呈奈米粒子形式的光催化性二氧化鈦結合;具有最大粒子尺寸低於100微米的石灰質惰性物質;具有黏度低於1000 毫巴斯卡‧秒的纖維素;流化劑;抗發泡劑;乙烯基聚合物;及顏料。此組成物亦包含至少一種下列添加物:變質高嶺土、甲酸鈣及矽藻土。
本案申請人已面對到下列工藝問題:改良該乾漆產物的反射係數、改良該乾漆產物在表面上之產率(每公斤液體漆所塗裝的乾漆面積)、改良該乾漆產物的熱絕緣性、改良液體漆的表面覆蓋及工作容易性、減低漆刷條紋餘留在該乾漆產物中的趨勢、改良液體漆產物滑過表面、減少水泥基底的光催化粉末與水之混合時間、減低液體漆的密度、增加每公斤水泥基底的光催化粉末之最大水量;及增加液體漆的有效時間,其係該漆變硬所花的時間。
本案申請人已面對到將一光催化組成物(例如,水泥基底的組成物)提供用於獲得水性漆之用途的工藝問題,換句話說,具有非常低厚度的壁塗層,特別是對戶外應用來說,其能: (a)保證隨著時間具有穩定的高光催化效應,亦具有相對低的光觸媒量,通常低於10重量%; (b)允許使用諸如平常塗裝工作所使用的那些習知設備來製備及施加該水性漆,且就塗層均勻性及其抗風化試劑性來說,有最理想的結果; (c)使用缺乏有毒效應、沒有使用重金屬或危險及有機溶劑,特別是芳香族溶劑之產物,以便獲得具有揮發性有機化合物(VOC)含量低於0.35克/升的產物。
已經由本案申請人使用如於下列說明及/或所附上的申請專利範圍中所定義之水泥基底的光催化組成物達成將於下文中有較好闡明的這些及進一步目標,其允許獲得經改良的可見光輻射反射係數及其它效應。
發明概要 根據本發明的第一態樣,有提供一種光催化組成物,其包含: (a)至少一種無機黏著劑; (b)至少一種光觸媒; (c)至少一種具有非常低黏度的纖維素; (d)至少一種流化劑; (e)至少一種呈粒子形式的第一石灰質充填劑,其有至少95重量%具有尺寸不大於40微米; (f)至少一種呈粒子形式的第二石灰質充填劑,其有至少95重量%具有尺寸不大於20微米; (g)至少一種熱絕緣材料,其包含具有次毫米直徑的中空陶瓷球;及 (h)玻璃泡硼矽酸鹽微球體。
其優點為該具有次毫米直徑的中空陶瓷球改良該乾漆產物在表面上的產率(每公斤液體漆所塗裝的乾漆面積)、改良該乾漆產物的熱絕緣性及改良該乾漆產物的反射係數;該玻璃泡硼矽酸鹽微球體改良該乾漆產物在表面上的產率(每公斤液體漆所塗裝的乾漆面積)、改良該乾漆產物的反射係數及包括該組成物的液體漆之工作容易性。包括該組成物的漆具有減低漆刷條紋餘留在該乾漆產物中的趨勢,及具有改良的液體漆產物滑過表面。包括該組成物之漆具有1分鐘的低混合時間。參照水,包括該組成物的漆具有1.0的低比重。包括該組成物的漆具有14平方公尺/公斤之高產率。包括該組成物的漆可包括高量每10公斤漆最高7.5升的水。包括該組成物的液體漆其讓該漆變硬所花的時間之有效時間係3小時,此係一段長時間。
該光催化組成物可係一種包含下列的組成物,其中: (a)該無機黏著劑係水泥黏著劑,其範圍係20%至50重量%; (b)該光觸媒係在可見光譜中具光催化活性的二氧化鈦粒子,其包含0.5%至5重量%; (c)具有非常低黏度的纖維素,其範圍係0.8%至2.2重量%; (d)該流化劑之範圍係0.1%至1.2重量%; (e)該第一石灰質充填劑之範圍係15%至35重量%; (f)該第二石灰質充填劑之範圍係15%至35重量%; (g)該包含具有次毫米直徑的中空陶瓷球之熱絕緣材料的範圍係0.1%至4重量%; (h)該玻璃泡硼矽酸鹽微球體之範圍係0.1%至4重量%。
其優點包括上述列出的那些。
該光催化組成物可係一種該水泥黏著劑(a)係Portland水泥之組成物。
該光催化組成物可係一種該光觸媒係呈銳鈦礦結晶形式的二氧化鈦粒子之組成物。
該光催化組成物可係一種該呈銳鈦礦結晶形式的二氧化鈦粒子具有至少95重量%具有尺寸不高於50奈米之粒度分析的組成物,較佳為不高於20奈米。
該光催化組成物可係一種該光催化性二氧化鈦係在含有非光催化性二氧化鈦之混合物中的組成物。
該光催化組成物可係一種該非光催化性二氧化鈦之範圍係2%至10重量%的組成物。
該光催化組成物可係一種該纖維素(c)在20℃下具有Brookfield黏度RVT係100至70,000 毫巴斯卡‧秒的組成物,較佳為100至30,000 毫巴斯卡‧秒,更佳為200至10,000 毫巴斯卡‧秒。
該光催化組成物可係一種更包含下列的組成物:(i)至少一種疏水性乙烯基聚合物,較佳為氯乙烯、乙烯及乙烯基酯CH2=CH-O-C(=O)-R的三元共聚物,其中R係線性或分枝的C4-C24烷基。
該光催化組成物可係一種該至少一種疏水性乙烯基聚合物之範圍係1%至6重量%的組成物。
該光催化組成物可係一種該流化劑係多元羧酸的組成物。
該光催化組成物可係一種包括變質高嶺土之範圍係1.5%至10重量%的組成物。
該光催化組成物可係一種包括抗發泡劑之範圍係0.1%至2.8重量%的組成物。
該光催化組成物可係一種該中空陶瓷次毫米球具有導熱度低於0.20瓦/公尺K的組成物。
該光催化組成物可係一種該中空陶瓷次毫米球包括一熱反射塗層的組成物。
該光催化組成物可係一種該中空陶瓷次毫米球具有平均直徑低於200微米的組成物。
該光催化組成物可係一種該中空陶瓷次毫米球具有平均直徑低於50微米的組成物。
該光催化組成物可係一種包括可立即分散的顏料之組成物。
根據本發明的第二態樣,有提供一種如本發明的第一態樣之任何態樣的光催化組成物之用途,其係使用來塗佈人造建築物以減低玷污物之存在。
該使用可係將預定比例的水加入該光催化組成物,且進行混合直到獲得均勻的流體產物。
該使用可係在水與水泥黏著劑(a)間之重量比率係0.2至0.8。
該使用可係在施加及乾燥後,該光催化組成物形成一具有厚度0.05毫米至1毫米之塗層,較佳為0.1至0.5毫米。
根據本發明的第三態樣,有提供一種如本發明的第一態樣之任何態樣的光催化組成物之用途,其係使用來塗佈由金屬、木頭或例如聚氯化乙烯(PVC)的塑膠材料製得之表面。
該光催化組成物可不包括重金屬及有機溶劑。
該光催化組成物可具有揮發性有機化合物(VOC)含量少於0.35克/升。
該光催化組成物可包括空氣霧沫劑(air-entraining agents)。
該光催化組成物可包括矽藻土。
根據本發明的第四態樣,有提供一種使用如本發明的第一態樣之任何態樣的光催化組成物獲得之塗層。
根據本發明的第五態樣,有提供一種乾燥混合物,其具有如本發明的第一態樣之任何態樣的組成物,但不包括水。
根據本發明的第六態樣,有提供一種光催化性塗佈物,其包括本發明的第五態樣之乾燥混合物且與水混合。
根據本發明的第七態樣,有提供一種如本發明的第一態樣之任何態樣的光催化組成物之用途,其係以流體漆使用而沒有滴下。
根據本發明的第八態樣,有提供一種已接受包括如本發明的第一態樣之任何態樣的光催化組成物的塗佈物之建築物或構造。
該建築物或構造可進行外部塗佈。
該建築物或構造可進行內部塗佈。
根據本發明的第九態樣,有提供一種塗佈建築物或構造的方法,該方法包括使用包含如本發明的第一態樣之任何態樣的光催化組成物之塗層來塗佈該建築物或構造的步驟。
該方法可係將該塗層外部施加至該建築物或構造。
該方法可係將該塗層內部施加至該建築物或構造。
根據本發明的第十態樣,有提供一種製造光催化組成物的方法,其包括一起混合本發明的第一態樣之任何態樣的組分。
該方法可包括一起混合該等組分一段足夠時間以獲得好的均勻性。
根據第本發明的十一態樣,有提供一種電腦程式產品,該電腦程式產品可在電腦上執行以控制製造根據本發明的第十態樣之光催化組成物的方法。
較佳實施例之詳細說明 考慮到相關組成物、用途及方法,必需參照WO 2015145375A1。WO 2015145375A1係以參考方式併入本文。
如需要,該組成物可額外包括可立即分散的顏料。
在本說明及所附上的申請專利範圍之範圍中,除非有不同地指示出,該光催化組成物的多種組分之量係以相關於該組成物其自身的整體重量之重量百分比表示出。
在一態樣中,本揭示考量到將如上述定義之水泥基底的光催化組成物使用來塗佈建築物結構以減低玷污物之存在。
此外,本揭示考量到將如上述定義之水泥基底的光催化組成物使用來塗佈由金屬、木頭或例如聚氯化乙烯(PVC)的塑膠材料製得之表面。關於該水泥黏著劑,此通常由呈粉末形式呈乾燥狀態之水凝水泥材料製得,其當與水混合時,能在足以允許將其以塑膠狀態進行施加之時間後形成固結及硬化的塑膠材料。較佳的是,該水泥黏著劑係Portland水泥。
較佳的是,該光觸媒係呈光催化形式,即,主要呈銳鈦礦結晶形式之二氧化鈦。該光催化性二氧化鈦較佳為具有粒子尺寸係至少95重量%具有尺寸不大於50奈米,更佳為不大於20奈米。較佳的是,該光催化性二氧化鈦具有表面積在100至500平方公尺/克間。該光催化性二氧化鈦亦可使用在含有非光催化性二氧化鈦,例如,呈金紅石結晶形式的混合物中,其允許授予該組成物具有強烈的白色。較佳的是,該非光催化性二氧化鈦係以0.5至20重量%之量呈現,更佳為2至10重量%。
在實施例中,該光觸媒係呈光催化形式,即,主要呈銳鈦礦結晶形式之二氧化鈦,其係由KRONOS Worldwide,Inc.,5430 LBJ Freeway,Suite 1700,Dallas,TX,75240,United States供應的KRONOClean(在歐盟的註冊商標)7000。KRONOClean(在歐盟的註冊商標)7000的典型產物特徵實施例係顯示在圖2中。
至於具有非常低黏度的纖維素,其較佳為在20℃下具有Brookfield黏度RVT係100至70,000 毫巴斯卡‧秒,更佳為100至30,000 毫巴斯卡‧秒,甚至更佳為200至10,000 毫巴斯卡‧秒。該黏度可例如以2重量%在水中的溶液進行測量。特別是,該纖維素可係選自於下列的纖維素醚:乙基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、甲基羥丙基纖維素、甲基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素、甲基羧基乙基纖維素或其混合物。此型式的產物可在市場上找到,例如,具有商標Culminal(在英國的註冊商標)、Walocel(在英國的註冊商標)及Tylose(在英國的註冊商標)。
該流化劑可選自於通常在水泥領域中使用的產物。這些通常係乙烯基或丙烯酸聚合物,諸如例如:聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚三級碳酸乙烯酯(polyvinylversatate)、聚丙烯酸丁酯或其共聚物(例如,來自Elotex的商業產物)。較佳的是,該流化劑係一種超流化試劑,例如,聚羧酸酯,更特別是,來自不飽和單或二羧酸與可聚合的不飽和共單體之共聚物。該不飽和單或二羧酸的實施例包括:丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、巴豆酸、馬來酸、反丁烯二酸、伊康酸、檸康酸及其類似物。該可聚合的不飽和共單體之實施例包括聚單(甲基)丙烯酸伸烷基二醇酯(例如,單丙烯酸三甘醇酯及聚單丙烯酸乙二醇酯,其中該聚乙二醇具有平均分子量200至1000)。此型式的產物可在市場上找到,例如,具有商標Melflux(在歐盟的註冊商標)。
該例如在UNI EN 12620:2008標準中所定義的石灰質充填劑係精細細分的石灰質礦物,其主要包括碳酸鈣(通常來說,碳酸鈣含量至少等於75重量%)。本案申請人咸信加入具有比第一粒子尺寸細之第二石灰質充填劑允許獲得較好品質的塗佈物,因為較小的細粒會填充存在於其它材料之粒子間的空隙,特別是在光觸媒粒子間。
根據本揭示之光催化組成物可包含至少一種疏水性乙烯基聚合物,其允許增加該水性漆之疏水性質。此聚合物可以粉末形式獲得,其較佳為可以1至20重量%之量加入,更佳為1至6重量%。較佳的是,該疏水性乙烯基聚合物係氯乙烯、乙烯及乙烯基酯CH2=CH-O-C(=O)-R之三元共聚物,其中R係線性或分枝的C4-C24烷基,例如,月桂酸乙烯酯。此型式的產物可在市場上找到,例如,具有商標Vinnapas(在歐盟的註冊商標)。
在根據本揭示的光催化組成物中之陶瓷次毫米球可係所謂的”奈米球”,例如平均直徑100微米,或例如平均直徑25微米。例如,來自Ludovici Raffaele e Figli s.r.l. S.S. 261 Subequana -Loc. La Fossa- 67021 Barisciano (AQ),意大利。該球可中空。該球可包括一無毒塗層。World Customs Organization Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System Harmonization #:6815-99-4000。US Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) CAS登記編號:1302-98-8、1335-30-4、65997-17-3、1344-00-9。該球可在7000 psi下具有98%抗壓縮性。該球可具有莫氏硬度標硬度5。該球可具有密度大約0.40克/立方公分。該球的組成物可包括:65%矽、9.6%鋁、0.4%二氧化鈦。該球可具有熔融溫度約1600℃,發射率0.62及折射率1.53。該球可具有導熱度0.101瓦/公尺K(由Certimac,Via Granarolo, 62 Faenza (RA),48018,意大利認證)。對2層平均直徑100微米球來說,所提供的熱絕緣厚度可係250微米;或對2層平均直徑25微米球來說,60微米。以二層產物塗層處理的內壁之表面阻抗可係0.1655平方公尺K/瓦(由Certimac認證)。以二層產物塗層處理的外壁之表面阻抗可係0.0425平方公尺K/瓦(由Certimac認證)。在實施例中,該陶瓷次毫米球具有導熱度低於0.2瓦/公尺K。在實施例中,該陶瓷次毫米球具有平均直徑低於200微米。在實施例中,該陶瓷次毫米球具有平均直徑低於50微米。
有提供一種用於室內或戶外包括中空且具有熱反射塗層之陶瓷次毫米球的漆,及其特徵為該二氧化鈦組分低於0.35%。這些陶瓷次毫米球可具有發射率少於0.63,平均顆粒尺寸100微米或25微米,Green Building Council的生態認証及導熱度0.11瓦/公尺K。該陶瓷次毫米球可係惰性(化學穩定)及非致癌物質。該陶瓷次毫米球可在漆中以相關比例混合,此比例係完全由於與陶瓷次毫米球相關的操作說明及用於塗裝的那些二者。
該玻璃泡可係經設計的中空玻璃微球體,其係習知用於施加的充填劑及添加物諸如二氧化矽類、碳酸鈣、滑石、黏土等等之代用品。可使用這些低密度粒子來減低重量、降低成本及提高產物性質。具有球形形狀的玻璃泡提供一些重要利益,包括:較高的充填劑負載、較低的黏度/改良的流動及減低的收縮及翹曲。該玻璃泡可容易地摻合進化合物中及可合適於多種製造方法,包括噴灑、鑄造及模塑。
化學穩定的3M(在英國的註冊商標)玻璃泡鈉鈣硼矽玻璃組成物提供優良的防水性且產生更穩定的乳液。它們亦不可燃燒及非多孔,如此它們不吸收樹脂。及,3M(在英國的註冊商標)玻璃泡的低鹼度提供其與大部分樹脂相容、有穩定的黏度及長的閑置壽命。
3M(在英國的註冊商標)玻璃泡K系列、S系列及iM系列係為高強度重量比率特別配製。它們產生穩定的空洞且產生低導熱度及低介電常數。圖1提供一定範圍的3M(在英國的註冊商標)玻璃泡K系列、S系列及iM系列產物之粒子尺寸資料。
根據本揭示之光催化組成物亦可包含在此產物型式中通常使用的進一步添加物,諸如:抗發泡劑、顏料、曝氣添加物、甲酸鈣、矽藻土等等。
根據本揭示的光催化組成物可根據已知技術,經由任何順序,使用合適的例如行星式混合器之機械混合器來混合呈乾燥狀態的多種組分一段足夠時間而製造,以獲得好的均勻性。
為了製備該水性漆,將預定比例的水加入該光催化組成物且進行混合直到獲得均勻的流體產物。
在水與水泥黏著劑間之重量比率可於寬的極限內變化,如為所使用的組分及希望使用的施加技術之特異性的函數。通常包含的水/黏著劑重量比率係在0.2至0.8間。
可使用習知設備來施加該水性漆,諸如一般塗裝工作所使用的那些,如刷子及滾筒,或甚至刮勺、鏝刀、無氣幫浦等等。該施加可在多種型式的建築物上進行,諸如壁結構,外部及內部二者;瓷磚、板條、預製結構;水泥建造物,諸如吸音屏障及紐澤西護欄、隧道、露石混凝土(exposed concrete)、都市建築物或街道傢俱的構造部分。在施加及乾燥後,該光催化組成物之層厚度可在寬的極限內變化,如為建築物及希望獲得的光催化效應之函數。通常來說,0.05毫米至1毫米的厚度係足夠,更佳為0.1至0.5毫米。 註解
要瞭解上述參照的安排僅用以闡明本發明的原理之應用。可設計出許多改質及替代性安排而沒有離開本發明的精神及範圍。雖然本發明已經在圖形及上述完整描述出之與目前視作本發明的最可實行及較佳實施例連接的特質及細節中顯示出,將由一般熟悉此技藝之人士明瞭可製得許多改質而沒有離開本發明如於本文中所提出的原理及概念。
現在,將藉由實施例伴隨著參照下列圖形來描述出本發明的態樣,其中: 圖1顯示出一定範圍的3M(在英國的註冊商標)玻璃泡產物之粒子尺寸資料表。來源:3M(在英國的註冊商標)玻璃泡K系列、S系列及iM系列產物資訊,3M Center St. Paul,MN 55144-1000,USA (2013)。 圖2顯示出KRONOClean(在歐盟的註冊商標)7000的典型產物特徵表。來源:KRONOS Worldwide,Inc.,5430 LBJ Freeway,Suite 1700,Dallas,TX,75240,USA (2011)。
Claims (21)
- 一種光催化組成物,其包含:(a)至少一種無機水泥黏著劑,其範圍係20%至50重量%;(b)至少一種光觸媒,其中該至少一種光觸媒包括在可見光譜中具有光催化活性之二氧化鈦粒子,其包含0.5%至5重量%;(c)至少一種纖維素,其在20℃下具有Brookfield黏度RVT從100至70,000毫巴斯卡‧秒,其中該至少一種纖維素之範圍係0.8%至2.2重量%;(d)至少一種流化劑,其中該至少一種流化劑之範圍係0.1%至1.2重量%;(e)至少一種呈粒子形式的第一石灰質充填劑,其至少95重量%具有尺寸不大於40微米,其中該至少一種第一石灰質充填劑之範圍係15%至35重量%;(f)至少一種呈粒子形式的第二石灰質充填劑,其至少95重量%具有尺寸不大於20微米,其中該至少一種第二石灰質充填劑之範圍係15%至35重量%,其中該至少一種第二石灰質充填劑具有比該至少一種第一石灰質充填劑更細的粒子尺寸;(g)至少一種熱絕緣材料,其包含具有次毫米直徑的中空陶瓷球,其範圍係0.1%至4重量%;及(h)玻璃泡硼矽酸鹽微球體,其範圍係0.1%至4重量%。
- 如請求項1之光催化組成物,其中該水泥黏著劑(a)係Portland水泥。
- 如請求項1之光催化組成物,其中該光觸媒包括呈銳鈦礦結晶形式的二氧化鈦粒子。
- 如請求項3之光催化組成物,其中該呈銳鈦礦結晶形式的二氧化鈦粒子具有致使至少95重量%之該二氧化鈦粒子具有尺寸不高於50奈米之粒度分析。
- 如請求項3之光催化組成物,其中該呈銳鈦礦結晶形式的二氧化鈦粒子具有致使至少95重量%之該二氧化鈦粒子具有尺寸不高於20奈米之粒度分析。
- 如請求項3之光催化組成物,其中該光催化性二氧化鈦係與非光催化性二氧化鈦混合;或其中該光催化性二氧化鈦係與非光催化性二氧化鈦混合,其中該非光催化性二氧化鈦係在2%至10重量%的範圍內。
- 如請求項1的光催化組成物,其中該纖維素(c)在20℃下具有Brookfield黏度RVT為100至30,000毫巴斯卡‧秒。
- 如請求項1的光催化組成物,其中該纖維素(c)在20℃下具有Brookfield黏度RVT為200至10,000毫巴斯卡‧秒。
- 如請求項1的光催化組成物,更包含:(i)至少一種疏水性乙烯基聚合物或(ii)至少一種疏水性乙烯基聚合物,其為氯乙烯、乙烯及乙烯基酯CH2=CH-O-C(=O)-R的三元共聚物,其中R係線性或分 枝的C4-C24烷基;或(iii)至少一種疏水性乙烯基聚合物,其中該至少一種疏水性乙烯基聚合物係在1%至6重量%之範圍內;或(iv)至少一種疏水性乙烯基聚合物,其為氯乙烯、乙烯及乙烯基酯CH2=CH-O-C(=O)-R的三元共聚物,其中R係線性或分枝的C4-C24烷基,其中該至少一種疏水性乙烯基聚合物係在1%至6重量%之範圍內。
- 如請求項1的光催化組成物,其中該流化劑係一多元羧酸。
- 如請求項1的光催化組成物,其包括範圍在1.5%至10重量%內之變質高嶺土,或包括範圍在0.1%至2.8重量%內之抗發泡劑。
- 如請求項1的光催化組成物,(i)其中該中空陶瓷次毫米球具有導熱度低於0.20瓦/公尺K,或(ii)其中該中空陶瓷次毫米球包括一熱反射塗層,或(iii)其中該中空陶瓷次毫米球具有平均直徑低於200微米,或(iv)其中該中空陶瓷次毫米球具有平均直徑低於50微米。
- 如請求項1的光催化組成物,其包括一可立即分散的顏料。
- 一種如請求項1至13之任一項的光催化組成物之用途,其係使用來塗佈人造建築物以減少玷污物之存在。
- 如請求項14之用途,其中將預定比例的水加入該光催化組成物且,藉由混合直到獲得均勻的流體產物。
- 如請求項15之用途,其中該在水與水泥黏著劑(a)間的重量比率係0.2至0.8。
- 如請求項14的用途,其中在經施加及乾燥後,該光催化組成物形成一具有厚度為0.05毫米至1毫米的塗層,或者其中在經施加及乾燥後,該光催化組成物形成一具有厚度為為0.1至0.5毫米的塗層。
- 一種如請求項1至13中任一項的光催化組成物之用途,其係用來塗佈由金屬、木頭或塑膠材料或聚氯乙烯(PVC)所製得之表面。
- 如請求項1至13中任一項的光催化組成物,(i)其不包括重金屬及有機溶劑,或(ii)具有一含量為少於0.35克/升之揮發性有機化合物(VOC),或(iii)其包括空氣霧沫劑(air-entraining agents),或(iv)其包括矽藻土。
- 一種建築物或構造,其已接受一包括如請求項1至13中任一項的光催化組成物之塗層。
- 一種製造光催化組成物的方法,其包括一起混合如請求項1至13中任一項或請求項19的組分。
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