TWI797749B - PSA gas backflush system and PSA gas backflush method - Google Patents
PSA gas backflush system and PSA gas backflush method Download PDFInfo
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一種變壓吸附氣體回沖系統,包含:一變壓吸附裝置;一高分子膜過濾裝置,其係與該變壓吸附裝置流體連接;以及一氣體回沖管道,其係與該變壓吸附裝置及該高分子膜過濾裝置流體連接,且用於將經該高分子膜過濾裝置過濾後所分離之氮氣回沖至該變壓吸附裝置。一種變壓吸附氣體回沖方法,包含:(a) 透過一變壓吸附裝置將一氣體過濾;(b) 透過一高分子膜過濾經步驟(a)處理的氣體;以及(c) 將經步驟(b)所分離之氮氣回沖至該變壓吸附裝置。本發明之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統及變壓吸附氣體回沖方法係適用於純化氫氣。A pressure swing adsorption gas backflush system, comprising: a pressure swing adsorption device; a polymer membrane filter device, which is fluidly connected to the pressure swing adsorption device; and a gas backflush pipeline, which is connected to the pressure swing adsorption device It is fluidly connected with the polymer membrane filter device, and is used for backflushing the separated nitrogen gas filtered by the polymer membrane filter device to the pressure swing adsorption device. A pressure swing adsorption gas backflush method, comprising: (a) filtering a gas through a pressure swing adsorption device; (b) filtering the gas treated in step (a) through a polymer membrane; and (c) filtering the gas treated in step (a) through a polymer membrane; (b) The separated nitrogen is flushed back to the pressure swing adsorption device. The pressure swing adsorption gas backflush system and the pressure swing adsorption gas backflush method of the present invention are suitable for purifying hydrogen.
Description
本發明係關於一種變壓吸附氣體回沖系統,尤指一種將過濾後所分離之氮氣回沖至變壓吸附裝置之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統。本發明係關於一種變壓吸附氣體回沖方法,尤指一種將過濾後所分離之氮氣回沖至變壓吸附裝置之變壓吸附氣體回沖方法。The invention relates to a pressure swing adsorption gas back flushing system, in particular to a pressure swing adsorption gas back flushing system for back flushing separated nitrogen after filtration to a pressure swing adsorption device. The invention relates to a pressure swing adsorption gas back flushing method, in particular to a pressure swing adsorption gas back flushing method for back flushing separated nitrogen after filtration to a pressure swing adsorption device.
傳統之變壓吸附系統中的變壓吸附裝置的內部會填入分子篩,分子篩的表面會有許多的分子孔隙(pores),當壓力上升時,氣體分子會被強迫進入分子孔隙內,然而,分子較小的氣體則不會被影響,可以自由穿梭在分子空隙間。壓力下降後,分子較大的氣體仍會停留在分子孔隙中,這時候傳統上有三個方法可以將其排出: 1. 使用部分經過變壓吸附系統純化後的氣體進行吹洗,將分子較大的氣體從孔隙中掃出。 2. 於前端抽真空,將殘留在分子孔隙中分子較大的氣體吸出。 3. 加熱使氣體因吸收能量產生震動而自行脫出分子孔隙,這種方法通常需要搭配乾淨氣體吹洗。 The interior of the pressure swing adsorption device in the traditional pressure swing adsorption system will be filled with molecular sieves. The surface of the molecular sieve will have many molecular pores (pores). When the pressure rises, the gas molecules will be forced into the molecular pores. However, the molecules Smaller gases are not affected and can freely shuttle between molecular spaces. After the pressure drops, the gas with larger molecules will still stay in the molecular pores. At this time, there are three traditional ways to discharge them: 1. Use part of the gas purified by the pressure swing adsorption system for purging to sweep out the gas with larger molecules from the pores. 2. Vacuum the front end to suck out the gas with larger molecules remaining in the molecular pores. 3. Heating causes the gas to escape from the molecular pores by absorbing energy and vibrating. This method usually needs to be purged with clean gas.
這三種方法除了需要耗能加熱以外,還需要消耗部分經過變壓吸附系統純化後的氣體去吹掃,會使得回收效率下降。如圖1所示,先前技術中提出了一種變壓吸附系統10,包含:一變壓吸附裝置11;一氣體回沖管道13,其係與該變壓吸附裝置11流體連接,且用於將經該變壓吸附裝置11處理後之氣體部分回沖至該變壓吸附裝置11;以及一高分子膜過濾裝置12,其係與該變壓吸附裝置11流體連接(圖1中所示之流量單位SLPM係為每分鐘標準升(standard liter per minute))。其中,該高分子膜過濾裝置12係適用於過濾經該變壓吸附裝置12處理的氣體,以分離該氣體中之氫氣及氮氣,藉此回收該氣體中之氫氣。然而,此一系統係使用經過變壓吸附後的乾淨氣體進行吹洗,此方法雖然可以使變壓吸附裝置11中的分子篩脫附,但卻有大幅降低氫氣回收效率的缺點。In addition to energy-consuming heating, these three methods also need to consume part of the gas purified by the pressure swing adsorption system for purging, which will reduce the recovery efficiency. As shown in Figure 1, a kind of pressure
如上所述,傳統之變壓吸附系統具有大幅降低氫氣回收效率的缺點,因此,有必要提供一種新穎的系統及方法,以提升氫氣回收效率。As mentioned above, the traditional pressure swing adsorption system has the disadvantage of greatly reducing the hydrogen recovery efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a novel system and method to improve the hydrogen recovery efficiency.
有鑑於上述現有技術之不足,本發明提供一種變壓吸附氣體回沖系統以及變壓吸附氣體回沖方法,以提升氫氣回收效率。In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a PSA gas backflush system and a PSA gas backflush method to improve hydrogen recovery efficiency.
為達成上述目的所採取的一主要技術手段係令前述之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統,包含: 一變壓吸附裝置; 一高分子膜過濾裝置,其係與該變壓吸附裝置流體連接;以及 一氣體回沖管道,其係與該變壓吸附裝置及該高分子膜過濾裝置流體連接,且用於將經該高分子膜過濾裝置過濾後所分離之氮氣回沖至該變壓吸附裝置。 One of the main technical means adopted to achieve the above purpose is to make the aforementioned pressure swing adsorption gas backflush system, including: a pressure swing adsorption unit; a polymer membrane filtration unit fluidly connected to the pressure swing adsorption unit; and A gas backflush pipeline, which is fluidly connected with the pressure swing adsorption device and the polymer membrane filter device, and is used to backflush the separated nitrogen gas filtered by the polymer membrane filter device to the pressure swing adsorption device.
為達成上述目的所採取的又一主要技術手段係令前述之變壓吸附氣體回沖方法,包含: (a) 透過一變壓吸附裝置將一氣體過濾,以去除該氣體中之雜質; (b) 透過一高分子膜過濾經步驟(a)處理的氣體,以分離該氣體中之氫氣及氮氣;以及 (c) 將經步驟(b)所分離之氮氣回沖至該變壓吸附裝置,以吹洗該變壓吸附裝置中的分子篩。 Another main technical means adopted to achieve the above purpose is to make the aforementioned pressure swing adsorption gas backflush method, including: (a) filtering a gas through a pressure swing adsorption device to remove impurities from the gas; (b) filtering the gas treated in step (a) through a polymer membrane to separate hydrogen and nitrogen in the gas; and (c) flushing the nitrogen separated in step (b) back to the pressure swing adsorption device to purge the molecular sieve in the pressure swing adsorption device.
相較於傳統之變壓吸附系統及方法,本發明之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統以及變壓吸附氣體回沖方法,具有較佳的氫氣回收效率。Compared with the traditional pressure swing adsorption system and method, the pressure swing adsorption gas backflush system and the pressure swing adsorption gas backflush method of the present invention have better hydrogen recovery efficiency.
以下係藉由特定的具體實施例說明本發明之實施方式,熟習此技藝之人士可由本說明書所揭示之內容瞭解本發明之其他優點與功效。本發明也可藉由其他不同的具體實施例加以實施或應用,本說明書中的各項細節亦可基於不同觀點與應用,在不悖離本發明之精神下進行各種修飾與變更。The implementation of the present invention is described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
本文中所述之「流體連接」包含直接「流體連接」與間接「流體連接」,舉例來說,A裝置與B裝置「流體連接」可包含:A裝置與B裝置直接「流體連接」;以及A裝置與B裝置之間透過一C裝置間接「流體連接」等態樣。The "fluid connection" mentioned herein includes direct "fluid connection" and indirect "fluid connection". For example, the "fluid connection" between A device and B device may include: the direct "fluid connection" between A device and B device; The indirect "fluid connection" between the A device and the B device through a C device.
實施例1Example 1
如圖2所示,實施例1之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統20,包含:一變壓吸附裝置21;一高分子膜過濾裝置22,其係與該變壓吸附裝置21流體連接;以及一氣體回沖管道23,其係與該變壓吸附裝置21及該高分子膜過濾裝置22流體連接,且用於將經該高分子膜過濾裝置22過濾後所分離之氮氣回沖至該變壓吸附裝置21。其中,圖2中所示之流量單位SLPM係為每分鐘標準升(standard liter per minute),應了解,圖2中所示之流量僅為示例,本發明並不限於此,本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者可依實際需求調整為適當之流量。As shown in Figure 2, the pressure swing adsorption gas
其中,該變壓吸附裝置21係適用於將一氣體過濾,以大量吸附該氣體中之雜質。Wherein, the pressure
其中,該高分子膜過濾裝置22係適用於過濾經該變壓吸附裝置21處理的氣體,以分離該氣體中之氫氣及氮氣,藉此回收該氣體中之氫氣。Wherein, the polymer
其中,該氣體回沖管道23係適用於使用經該高分子膜過濾裝置22過濾後所分離之氮氣吹洗該變壓吸附裝置21中的分子篩。Wherein, the
對照圖1,實施例1之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統20係使用經該高分子膜過濾裝置22過濾後所分離之氮氣吹洗該變壓吸附裝置21中的分子篩,使其相較於圖1所示之變壓吸附系統10至少具有下列2項優異的技術效果:
1. 吹洗的氣體的流量可從原本的80SLPM提高至120SLPM,可以減少吹洗的時間,增加吸附的頻率。
2. 因為吹洗的氣體從原本的混合氣體變成經該高分子膜過濾裝置22過濾後所分離之氮氣,可以減少氫氣的浪費,將氫氣的回收效率從原本的42%提高至70%。
Contrasting with Fig. 1, the pressure swing adsorption gas
實施例2Example 2
如圖3所示,實施例2之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統30,包含:一變壓吸附裝置31;一高分子膜過濾裝置32,其係與該變壓吸附裝置31流體連接;以及一氣體回沖管道33,其係與該變壓吸附裝置31及該高分子膜過濾裝置32流體連接,且用於將經該高分子膜過濾裝置32過濾後所分離之氮氣回沖至該變壓吸附裝置31。As shown in Figure 3, the pressure swing adsorption gas
實施例2之變壓吸附裝置31、高分子膜過濾裝置32以及氣體回沖管道33係與實施例1相同,於此不再贅述。The pressure
相較於實施例1,實施例2之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統30,進一步包含:一淨化裝置34,其係與該變壓吸附裝置31及該高分子膜過濾裝置32流體連接,且用於進一步去除經該變壓吸附裝置31處理之氣體中的水氣及雜質。淨化裝置34之設置可避免經該變壓吸附裝置31處理之氣體中的水氣及雜質毒化高分子膜過濾裝置32中的高分子膜,以提升變壓吸附氣體回沖系統30之穩定性。舉例來說,淨化裝置34中可包含用於吸附水氣之乾燥劑以及用於吸附雜質之活性碳,但本發明並不限於此。Compared with Embodiment 1, the pressure swing adsorption
實施例3Example 3
如圖4所示,實施例3之變壓吸附氣體回沖方法,包含:(a) 透過一變壓吸附裝置將一氣體過濾,以去除該氣體中之雜質S101;(b) 透過一高分子膜過濾經步驟(a)處理的氣體,以分離該氣體中之氫氣及氮氣S102;以及(c) 將經步驟(b)所分離之氮氣回沖至該變壓吸附裝置,以吹洗該變壓吸附裝置中的分子篩S103。As shown in Figure 4, the pressure swing adsorption gas backflushing method of embodiment 3 includes: (a) filtering a gas through a pressure swing adsorption device to remove the impurity S101 in the gas; (b) passing through a polymer Membrane filtering the gas treated in step (a) to separate hydrogen and nitrogen S102 in the gas; and (c) flushing the nitrogen separated in step (b) back to the pressure swing adsorption device to purge the transformer Molecular sieve S103 in a pressure adsorption device.
其中,步驟(a)可透過如實施例1及實施例2所述之變壓吸附裝置將一氣體過濾。Wherein, step (a) can filter a gas through the pressure swing adsorption device as described in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2.
其中,步驟(b)可透過如實施例1及實施例2所述之高分子膜過濾裝置過濾經步驟(a)處理的氣體。Wherein, step (b) can filter the gas treated by step (a) through the polymer membrane filter device as described in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2.
其中,步驟(c)可透過如實施例1及實施例2所述之氣體回沖管道將經步驟(b)所分離之氮氣回沖至該變壓吸附裝置。Wherein, step (c) can backflush the nitrogen separated in step (b) to the pressure swing adsorption device through the gas backflush pipeline as described in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2.
於一實施方式中,實施例3之變壓吸附氣體回沖方法,可進一步包含:(b-0) 於透過一高分子膜過濾經步驟(a)處理的氣體之前,先進一步透過淨化裝置將經步驟(a)處理的氣體淨化,以進一步去除經該變壓吸附裝置處理之氣體中的水氣及雜質,藉此可避免經該變壓吸附裝置處理之氣體中的水氣及雜質毒化高分子膜,以提升變壓吸附氣體回沖方法之穩定性。In one embodiment, the pressure swing adsorption gas backflush method in Example 3 may further include: (b-0) before passing through a polymer membrane to filter the gas treated in step (a), further pass through the purification device to Purification of the gas treated in step (a) to further remove water vapor and impurities in the gas treated by the pressure swing adsorption device, thereby avoiding high poisoning of water vapor and impurities in the gas treated by the pressure swing adsorption device Molecular film to improve the stability of PSA gas backflush method.
本發明之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統及變壓吸附氣體回沖方法的目的是去除氣體中的氨和水等雜質,同時也去除氮,以及回收氫氣。由於變壓吸附裝置需要吹洗再生,而僅使用變壓吸附裝置去除氨、水及氮氣等三種氣體會導致氫氣大量損失。因此,本發明之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統及變壓吸附氣體回沖方法先使用變壓吸附裝置去除氨及水等二種氣體,再使用聚合物膜去除氮氣,隨後,使用經高分子膜過濾後所分離之氮氣吹洗該變壓吸附裝置中的分子篩。本發明之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統及變壓吸附氣體回沖方法藉由上述技術手段可將氫氣回收率從42%提升至70%。The purpose of the PSA gas backflush system and PSA gas backflush method of the present invention is to remove impurities such as ammonia and water in the gas, and also to remove nitrogen and recover hydrogen. Since the pressure swing adsorption device needs to be purged and regenerated, only using the pressure swing adsorption device to remove three gases such as ammonia, water and nitrogen will result in a large loss of hydrogen. Therefore, the PSA gas backflush system and the PSA gas backflush method of the present invention first use the PSA device to remove ammonia and water and other gases, then use the polymer membrane to remove nitrogen, and then use the polymer membrane The nitrogen gas separated after filtration is used to purge the molecular sieve in the pressure swing adsorption device. The PSA gas backflush system and PSA gas backflush method of the present invention can increase the hydrogen recovery rate from 42% to 70% by the above technical means.
上述實施例僅例示性說明本發明,而非用於限制本發明。任何熟習此項技藝之人士均可在不違背本發明之精神及範疇下,對上述實施例進行修飾與改變。因此,本發明之權利保護範圍,應如後述之申請專利範圍所載。The above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention, not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make modifications and changes to the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the rights of the present invention should be set forth in the scope of patent application described later.
10 變壓吸附系統
11 變壓吸附裝置
12 高分子膜過濾裝置
13 氣體回沖管道
20 變壓吸附氣體回沖系統
21 變壓吸附裝置
22 高分子膜過濾裝置
23 氣體回沖管道
30 變壓吸附氣體回沖系統
31 變壓吸附裝置
32 高分子膜過濾裝置
33 氣體回沖管道
34 淨化裝置
S101 步驟
S102 步驟
S103 步驟
10 Pressure
[圖1]係為傳統之變壓吸附系統之示意圖。 [圖2]係為實施例1之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統之示意圖。 [圖3]係為實施例2之變壓吸附氣體回沖系統之示意圖。 [圖4]係為實施例3之氫純化方法之流程圖。 [Figure 1] is a schematic diagram of a traditional PSA system. [Figure 2] is a schematic diagram of the pressure swing adsorption gas backflush system in Example 1. [Fig. 3] is a schematic diagram of the PSA gas backflush system in Example 2. [Fig. 4] is a flow chart of the hydrogen purification method in Example 3.
20 變壓吸附氣體回沖系統
21 變壓吸附裝置
22 高分子膜過濾裝置
23 氣體回沖管道
20 PSA
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