TWI787789B - 半導體封裝及其製造方法 - Google Patents
半導體封裝及其製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI787789B TWI787789B TW110114160A TW110114160A TWI787789B TW I787789 B TWI787789 B TW I787789B TW 110114160 A TW110114160 A TW 110114160A TW 110114160 A TW110114160 A TW 110114160A TW I787789 B TWI787789 B TW I787789B
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Abstract
提供一種半導體封裝及半導體封裝的製造方法。半導體封裝至少具有半導體晶粒及重佈線層,重佈線層設置在半導體晶粒的有效表面上且與半導體晶粒電性連接。重佈線層具有排列在半導體晶粒的隅角下方的位置處的無配線區。半導體晶粒與重佈線層之間設置有底部填充劑。無配線區位於底部填充劑下方且接觸底部填充劑。無配線區從半導體晶粒水平地延伸到底部填充劑。
Description
本發明實施例是有關於一種半導體封裝,且特別是有關於一種封裝結構的製造方法。
半導體晶粒可經處理並與其他半導體器件或晶粒封裝在一起,以及形成導電佈線結構以對封裝中的晶粒和/或半導體器件進行佈線及內連。
本發明實施例的一種半導體封裝,所述半導體封裝包括半導體晶粒及重佈線層,所述重佈線層設置在所述半導體晶粒的有效表面上且與所述半導體晶粒電性連接,其中所述重佈線層包括無配線區,所述無配線區排列在位於所述半導體晶粒的隅角下方的位置處,且所述半導體晶粒在水平平面上的正交投影與所述無配線區在所述水平平面上的正交投影局部地交疊。所述半導體封裝更包括底部填充劑,所述底部填充劑設置在所述半導體晶粒
與所述重佈線層之間,其中位於所述底部填充劑下方的所述無配線區接觸所述底部填充劑,且所述無配線區從所述半導體晶粒橫越所述半導體晶粒的側壁水平地延伸到所述底部填充劑。
本發明實施例的一種封裝結構,所述封裝結構包括並排地排列的第一晶粒與第二晶粒;設置在所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒之下且與所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒電性連接的電路基底;設置在所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒與所述電路基底之間,且與所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒電性連接的重佈線層,其中所述重佈線層包括位於所述第一晶粒下方的無配線區;設置在所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒與所述重佈線層之間的第一底部填充劑;以及設置在所述重佈線層與所述電路基底之間的第二底部填充劑。其中所述無配線區從所述第一晶粒橫越所述第一晶粒的側壁水平地延伸且至少延伸到所述第一底部填充劑以使得位於所述第一底部填充劑下方的所述無配線區接觸所述第一底部填充劑,且所述無配線區位於所述第一底部填充劑與所述第二底部填充劑之間。
本發明實施例的一種封裝結構的製造方法,包括提供載體;形成具有子層及無配線區的重佈線層;在所述重佈線層之上設置第一晶粒以佔據所述無配線區的一部分,並在所述重佈線層之上及所述第一晶粒旁邊設置第二晶粒;將所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒接合至所述重佈線層,其中所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒電性連接到所述重佈線層;在所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒與
所述重佈線層之間分配底部填充劑;形成模塑化合物以包封所述底部填充劑以及所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒;以及移除所述載體。
10:封裝結構
11:半導體器件封裝結構
12、14:封裝結構
102、103:載體
104、105:剝離層
106a、106b、106c、106d、106e:介電層
108a、108b、108c、108d、108e:導電層
110、RDL:重佈線層
110S:表面
112、118:接合部分
115、210:連接件
120:第一半導體晶粒
120B、130B:後表面
122、132:接觸件
130:第二半導體晶粒
136、240、UF1、UF2:底部填充劑
140、MC:模塑化合物
140T、200T:頂表面
200:電路基底
201:介電材料芯結構
202、MP、MPL、MPR:金屬化圖案
204、VA:通孔
206、P1:接合墊
207:焊料膏
208:鈍化層
CF:載體帶膜
Ct:點
CZ:隅角區域
DA:晶粒貼合區
DD:晶粒
H1:第一高度
H2:第二高度
L1、L2、L3:長度
LL1、LL2、LL3、LL4、LL5:子層
MF:無配線區
MS:模塑結構
NDA:非晶粒貼合區
SC:半徑
SL:切割道
VS:介層孔
W1、W2、W3:寬度
X:第一方向
Y:第二方向
結合附圖閱讀以下詳細說明,會最佳地理解本揭露的各個態樣。應注意,根據本行業中的標準慣例,圖式中的各種特徵並非按比例繪製。事實上,為使論述清晰起見,可任意增大或減小各種特徵的尺寸。
圖1到圖8是根據本發明的一些示例性實施例的半導體封裝的製造方法中的各個階段的示意性剖視圖。
圖9到圖11是說明根據本發明的一些實施例的在連接到電路基底的半導體封裝的製造方法的各個階段形成的結構的示意性剖視圖。
圖12是說明根據本發明的一些示例性實施例的封裝結構中的重佈線層的無配線區的示例性佈局的示意性平面圖。
圖13是說明根據本發明的一些示例性實施例的封裝結構的無配線區的示例性佈局的示意性平面圖。
圖14是示出根據本發明的一些示例性實施例的貼合到電路基底的封裝結構的一部分的示意性放大局部剖視圖。
以下揭露提供用於實施所提供標的的不同特徵的許多不同實施例或實例。以下闡述組件及排列的具體實例以簡化本發明。當然,該些僅為實例且不旨在進行限制。舉例而言,以下說明中將第一特徵形成於第二特徵之上或第二特徵上可包括其中第一特徵與第二特徵被形成為直接接觸的實施例,且亦可包括其中第一特徵與第二特徵之間可形成有附加特徵進而使得所述第一特徵與所述第二特徵可不直接接觸的實施例。另外,本發明可能在各種實例中重複使用參考編號及/或字母。此種重複使用是出於簡潔及清晰的目的,而不是自身指示所論述的各種實施例及/或配置之間的關係。
此外,為易於說明,本文中可能使用例如「位於...之下(beneath)」、「位於...下方(below)」、「下部的(lower)」、「位於...上方(above)」、「上部的(upper)」等空間相對性用語來闡述圖中所示的一個元件或特徵與另一(其他)元件或特徵的關係。除圖中所繪示的取向之外,所述空間相對性用語還旨在囊括器件在使用或操作中的不同取向。裝置可具有其他取向(旋轉90度或處於其他取向),且本文中所使用的空間相對性闡述語可同樣相應地進行解釋。
另外,為易於說明,本文中可使用例如“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等用語可來闡述圖中所說明的類似或不同的元件或特徵,且上述用語可根據出現的次序或說明的上下文而互換使用。
其他特徵及製程也可被包括在內。舉例來說,可包括測試結構來輔助對三維(three dimensional,3D)封裝或三維積體電路(3D integrated circuit,3DIC)器件進行驗證測試。測試結構可包括例如形成在重佈線層中或形成在基底上的測試焊墊,所述測試焊墊允許測試3D封裝或3DIC、允許使用探針和/或探針卡等。可對中間結構以及最終結構執行驗證測試。另外,本文中所公開的結構及方法可與包括在中間驗證出已知良好晶粒的測試方法結合使用以提高良率且降低成本。
圖1到圖8是製造根據本發明的一些實施例的封裝結構的方法中的各個階段的示意性剖視圖。
參照圖1,提供上面塗布有剝離層104的載體102。在一些實施例中,載體102可以是玻璃載體或任何適合於進行積體扇出型(integrated fan-out,InFO)封裝結構的製造方法的半導體載體。在一些實施例中,剝離層104可以是適合於接合載體102及從設置在剝離層104上的層或任何晶圓剝離載體102的任何材料。在一些實施例中,剝離層104可包括光熱轉換(light-to-heat-conversion,LTHC)釋放塗布膜。在又一替代實施例中,剝離層104可包含由在暴露於紫外線(ultra-violet,UV)光時失去黏合性質的UV膠製成的介電材料層。在某些實施例中,剝離層104可以液體形式被分配並被固化,或者可以是層壓到載體102上的層壓膜。在某些實施例中,剝離層104例如是具有良好的耐化學性的LTHC層,且此層能夠通過施加雷射輻射從載體
102進行室溫剝離。
參照圖1,在提供載體102及剝離層104之後,在剝離層104上形成重佈線層110。在一些實施例中,重佈線層110包括交替排列的介電層106a、介電層106b、介電層106c、介電層106d、介電層106e及導電層108a、導電層108b、導電層108c、導電層108d、導電層108e,且導電層108a、導電層108b、導電層108c、導電層108d、導電層108e夾置在介電層106a、介電層106b、介電層106c、介電層106d、介電層106e之間。舉例來說,導電層108a可由多個金屬重佈線圖案構成。在一些實施例中,重佈線層110的形成包括:形成介電材料層(未示出),將介電材料層圖案化以形成開口,沉積填充所述開口的金屬材料以形成金屬化圖案。根據將形成的層數,這些製程可重複數次,且所述層可基於形成順序來表達。在一些實施例中,介電層106a、介電層106b、介電層106c、介電層106d、介電層106e還包括顯露出下伏層的介層孔VS。在一些實施例中,導電層108a、導電層108b、導電層108c、導電層108d、導電層108e可包括電性連接的佈線跡線或扇出型跡線,電性連接的佈線跡線或扇出型跡線中的一些經由導電通孔VA彼此內連。在一些實施例中,最頂部導電層108e可包括接合墊P1。在形成用作重佈線層110的介電層及導電層期間,界定無配線區(或無金屬區)MF。在一些實施例中,無配線區MF的形成涉及形成一個以上的介電層,但不在無配線區內的介電材料中形成開口或空隙。如此一來,無配線區MF中不會形
成金屬或金屬化圖案,且無配線區MF可被視為無金屬介電區塊或金屬密度實質上為零的介電區塊。在一些實施例中,除無配線區MF之外,重佈線層110具有約60%的平均金屬密度。即,整個重佈線層110的每面積單位的金屬配線數目為約60%,而無配線區MF的金屬密度約為零。
如圖1中所示,對應於隨後安裝的半導體晶粒及其他稍後執行的製程,確定晶粒貼合區DA及非晶粒貼合區NDA。此外,確定切割道SL且所述切割道SL位於非晶粒貼合區NDA內。在一些實施例中,無配線區MF可從晶粒貼合區DA延伸到非晶粒貼合區NDA,但位於切割道SL外。
為簡單起見,介電層106a、介電層106b、介電層106c、介電層106d、介電層106e可被視為單個介電結構且導電層108a、導電層108b、導電層108c、導電層108d、導電層108e可被示為嵌置在介電層中的導電重佈線圖案。然而,從製程的角度看,介電層106a、介電層106b、介電層106c、介電層106d、介電層106e按順序形成為五個介電層,且重佈線導電層108a、導電層108b、導電層108c、導電層108d、導電層108e也按順序形成且各自夾置在兩個相鄰的介電層之間。
在一些實施例中,導電層108a、導電層108b、導電層108c、導電層108d、導電層108e的材料包括鋁、鈦、銅、鎳、鎢、鈷和/或其合金。導電層108a、導電層108b、導電層108c、導電層108d或導電層108e可通過例如電鍍覆、沉積和/或微影與蝕刻
來形成。在一些實施例中,如果通過鍍覆來形成,則導電層108a、導電層108b、導電層108c、導電層108d或導電層108e還可可選地包括晶種層。在一些實施例中,介電層106a、介電層106b、介電層106c、介電層106d、介電層106e的材料包括聚醯亞胺、環氧樹脂、丙烯酸樹脂、酚醛樹脂、苯並環丁烯(benzocyclobutene,BCB)、聚苯並噁唑(polybenzoxazole,PBO)或任何其他適合的聚合物系介電材料。舉例來說,介電層106a、介電層106b、介電層106c、介電層106d或介電層106e可通過適合的製造技術(例如,旋轉塗布(spin-on coating)、化學氣相沉積(chemical vapor deposition,CVD)、電漿輔助化學氣相沉積(plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition,PECVD)等)形成。
注意,圖1中示出的重佈線層110中導電層的數目及介電層的數目僅出於說明目的,且本發明並不僅限於此。在一些替代實施例中,可根據設計要求形成更少層或更多層的導電層和/或介電層。
如圖2中所示,在形成重佈線層110之後,在最頂部的導電層108e的接合墊P1上分別形成接合部分112。在一些實施例中,接合部分112可包括用於增強接合的接觸柱、預成型焊料(pre-solder)、焊料膏或適合的金屬合金材料。
參照圖3,提供兩個或更多個第一半導體晶粒120以及兩個或更多個第二半導體晶粒130並將其放置在位於載體102上方的重佈線層110之上。在圖3中,示出四個晶粒作為封裝結構
的示例性晶粒,但應理解,封裝結構內可包括多於四個晶粒或兩種類型的晶粒或不同類型的晶粒。在一些實施例中,第一半導體晶粒120具有第一高度H1(在厚度方向上從表面110S垂直地測量),且第二半導體晶粒130具有第二高度H2(在厚度方向上從表面110S垂直地測量)。在一個實施例中,第一高度H1不同於第二高度H2。在一個實施例中,第二高度H2小於第一高度H1。
在一些實施例中,第一半導體晶粒120可包括專用積體電路(application-specific integrated circuit,ASIC)晶片、類比晶片、感測器晶片、無線應用晶片(例如,藍牙晶片或射頻晶片)或電壓調節晶片中的一個或多者。在一些實施例中,第二半導體晶粒130包括一個或多個記憶體晶片,例如高頻寬記憶體晶片、動態隨機存取記憶體(dynamic random access memory,DRAM)晶片或靜態隨機存取記憶體(static random access memory,SRAM)晶片。在一些實施例中,第二半導體晶粒130中的一者可以是包括記憶體晶片的記憶體晶粒,且另一第一半導體晶粒120可以是包括控制器晶片的系統晶片(system-on-chip,SoC)晶粒。在某些實施例中,晶粒及晶片可互換使用。
在某些實施例中,在圖3中,第一半導體晶粒120及第二半導體晶粒130分別設置有面朝下的接觸件122、接觸件132,且第一半導體晶粒120、第二半導體晶粒130的接觸件122、接觸件132分別接合到重佈線層110上的接合部分112。在一個實施例中,第一半導體晶粒120、第二半導體晶粒130到重佈線層110的
接合包括執行回焊製程以通過助焊劑將接觸件122、接觸件132與接合部分112接合,從而成為熔接的連接件115。在一些實施例中,接觸件122、接觸件132是金屬柱、微凸塊、銅柱、銅合金柱或其他適合的金屬連接件。在某些實施例中,將第一半導體晶粒120、第二半導體晶粒130並排安裝到載體102上方的重佈線層110上,且並排排列或堆疊在另一晶粒之上的晶粒數目可基於產品設計來調整或修改,但不受示例性實施例限制。在一些實施例中,如圖3中所示,基於切割道的位置,在切割之後每一封裝單元中包括至少一個第一半導體晶粒120及至少一個第二半導體晶粒130。
如圖3中所看到,在將第一半導體晶粒120及第二半導體晶粒130安裝及接合到重佈線層110之後,無配線區MF位於第一半導體晶粒120下方。即,在圖3中且從圖13的平面俯視圖看到,第一半導體晶粒120的跨度與無配線區MF的跨度交疊。儘管圖3中示出無配線區MF位於第一半導體晶粒120下方,但可位於第二半導體晶粒130下方或位於第一半導體晶粒120及第二半導體晶粒130兩者下方。
在一些實施例中,參照圖4,將底部填充劑136填充在第一半導體晶粒120及第二半導體晶粒130與重佈線層110之間,從而包封所接合的接觸件122、接觸件132及接合部分112以實現更好的貼合。更確切來說,底部填充劑136可防止熱應力集中在接觸件與接合部分之間的接合點上。在一些實施例中,底部填充
劑136至少局部地填充第一半導體晶粒120與第二半導體晶粒130之間的間隙。在一些實施例中,底部填充劑136的材料包括環氧樹脂或其他適合的聚合物材料。在一些實施例中,通過執行毛細管填充製程且然後執行低溫固化製程形成底部填充劑136。由於無配線區MF位於第一半導體晶粒120下方,因此無配線區MF直接實體接觸填充在第一半導體晶粒120及第二半導體晶粒130與重佈線層110之間的底部填充劑136。
參照圖5,在一些實施例中,對位於重佈線層110上的第一半導體晶粒120及第二半導體晶粒130進行模塑並包封在模塑化合物140中以形成模塑結構MS。在一個實施例中,模塑化合物140填充第一半導體晶粒120及第二半導體晶粒130與底部填充劑136之間的空間。在一些實施例中,模塑化合物140至少在側向上包繞在重佈線層110上的第一半導體晶粒120及第二半導體晶粒130周圍。在一個實施例中,模塑化合物140的材料包括環氧樹脂、酚醛樹脂或含矽的樹脂。在一些實施例中,模塑化合物140的材料包括填充物顆粒,例如二氧化矽顆粒。在一些實施例中,將模塑化合物140包覆模塑(over-molded)且隨後平坦化以暴露出第一半導體晶粒120及第二半導體晶粒130的後表面120B及後表面130B。在一些實施例中,對包覆模塑的模塑化合物140進行拋光,直到暴露出第一半導體晶粒120及第二半導體晶粒130的後表面120B、後表面130B為止。在一個實施例中,在平坦化之後,模塑化合物140的頂表面140T與第一半導體晶粒120及
第二半導體晶粒130的後表面120B、後表面130B被實質上拉平且彼此齊平。在一些實施例中,通過研磨製程或化學機械拋光(chemical mechanical polishing,CMP)製程將模塑化合物140平坦化。
參照圖6,在一些實施例中,將具有剝離層105的另一載體103貼合到模塑結構MS(貼合到第一半導體晶粒120及第二半導體晶粒130的後表面120B、後表面130B)。此後,將整個結構倒置(翻轉),且通過剝離層104從模塑結構MS剝除載體102且隨後將其移除。在從模塑結構MS剝除載體102之後,從重佈線層110的介電層106a的表面暴露出導電層108a(第一金屬化層)的通孔VA。
在一些實施例中,參照圖7,在重佈線層110上形成接合部分118。在一些實施例中,接合部分118形成在重佈線層110的最頂部導電層108a的暴露通孔VA上。在一些實施例中,接合部分118與重佈線層110(導電層108a、導電層108b、導電層108c、導電層108d、導電層108e)電性連接。在實施例中,接合部分118的形成包括在重佈線層110上形成具有開口的掩模圖案(未示出),形成填充所述開口的金屬材料以形成金屬部分,以及隨後移除所述掩模圖案。
在一些實施例中,接合部分118的材料可從銅、鈷、鎳、鋁、鎢、合金或其組合選擇。在一些實施例中,接合部分118還可選地包括形成在接合部分的表面上的黏合層、晶種層、預成型
焊料、焊料膏和/或凸塊下金屬(under-ball metallurgy,UBM)圖案以增強接合。舉例來說,接合部分118可通過電鍍覆或沉積形成。在一些實施例中,導電接合部分118例如是微凸塊、金屬柱、具有焊料膏的金屬柱、無電鍍鎳鈀浸金(electroless nickel electroless palladium immersion gold,ENEPIG)形成的凸塊或受控塌陷晶片連接(controlled collapse chip connection,C4)凸塊。
在一些實施例中,參照圖8,在形成接合部分118之後,通過剝離層105從模塑結構MS剝除載體103且隨後將其移除。將模塑結構MS轉移到載體帶膜CF並設置在載體帶膜CF上(貼合到第一半導體晶粒120及第二半導體晶粒130的後表面120B、後表面130B)。
參照圖8,在一些實施例中,在將模塑結構MS放置在載體帶膜CF上之後,通過沿著切割道SL(切分道)執行切割製程來將模塑結構MS單體化。在一些實施例中,執行切割製程以將整個模塑結構MS(至少切穿重佈線層110及模塑化合物140)切分成個別且分離的封裝結構10。在一個實施例中,切割製程是包括機械鋸切、刀片切割和/或雷射切分的晶圓切割製程。在一些實施例中,由於無配線區MF位於切割道SL旁邊,因此切分刀片或切割鋸不穿過無配線區MF。即,無配線區MF在切割製程期間不會被切割或損壞。在一些實施例中,稍後移除載體帶膜CF。
如圖8中所看到,無配線區MF位於在底部填充劑136上且無配線區MF從底部填充劑136穿過介電層106e垂直地延伸
到介電層106d。在一些實施例中,無配線區MF橫越第一半導體晶粒120的隅角邊緣水平地延伸且延伸超過底部填充劑136。在一些實施例中,無配線區MF從底部填充劑136及第一半導體晶粒120上方的位置延伸到模塑化合物140上方的位置(延伸超過第一半導體晶粒120及底部填充劑136)。在封裝結構10內,無配線區MF夾置在底部填充劑136與重佈線層110的導電層108c之間。在一些實施例中,無配線區MF從第一半導體晶粒120上方的位置延伸到封裝結構10的側壁10S。
在圖8的上方處,示出封裝結構10的示例性示意性俯視圖。在一些實施例中,在圖8上方處的示意性俯視圖中看到,兩個無配線區MF分別形成在第一半導體晶粒120下方且兩個無配線區MF分別位於沿著封裝結構10的對角線排列的兩個第一半導體晶粒120的兩個外隅角處。在一些實施例中,至少一個無配線區MF形成在封裝在封裝結構10中的半導體晶粒中的一者的一個外隅角處。在一些實施例中,無配線區MF形成在具有較大的晶粒大小或具有多個功能的晶粒下方及所述晶粒的外隅角處。
根據半導體晶粒的類型或半導體晶粒的數目,兩個、三個或更多個無配線區MF形成在封裝結構的半導體晶粒的兩個、三個或更多個外隅角處。
根據以上示例性實施例,重佈線層的佈局及配置可適合形成在積體扇出型(integrated fan-out,InFO)晶圓級封裝結構或扇入型(fan-in)晶圓級封裝結構內。儘管以上實施例中闡述一個
前側重佈線層,但多於一個或多個重佈線層(redistribution layer,RDL)可設置在封裝結構中或排列在晶粒或晶片的前側及後側兩者上以在多個晶粒或晶片之中路由信號。另外,封裝結構10還可包括設置在晶粒之上的附加晶粒或子封裝單元,且可形成另一重佈線層以對附加晶粒或子封裝單元進行電性連接。本發明的結構和/或製程不受示例性實施例限制。
圖9到圖11示出根據本發明的一些實施例的在連接到電路基底的半導體封裝的製造方法的各個階段形成的結構的示意性剖視圖。
在一些實施例中,參照圖9,提供電路基底200。在一些實施例中,電路基底200包括增層板、印刷電路板、層壓板或柔性層壓板。在一些實施例中,電路基底200可包括一個或多個有源元件、無源元件或其組合。在一些實施例中,電路基底200包括介電材料芯結構201、金屬化圖案202、嵌置在介電材料芯結構201中的通孔204及電性連接到金屬化圖案202及通孔204的接合墊206。在一些實施例中,金屬化圖案202被設計成電性連接各種元件(例如,嵌置在電路基底中的有源元件和/或無源元件)以形成功能電路系統。電路基底200可提供單側電性連接或雙側電性連接。在一些實施例中,電路基底還包括覆蓋電路基底200的相對的側的鈍化層208。
在一些實施例中,金屬化圖案202的材料包括金屬材料,包括銅、鋁、鎳、鈷、金、銀、鎢、其組合、或類似的材料
等。在一個實施例中,介電材料芯結構201的介電材料包括有機介電材料。在一些實施例中,介電材料芯結構201的介電材料可包括味之素增層膜(Ajinomoto build-up film)、聚合物材料(例如,聚醯亞胺、聚酯、苯並環丁烯、聚苯並惡唑等)、預浸材料、塗布樹脂的銅(resin coated copper,RCC)、光圖像介電質(photo image dielectric,PID)、酚醛紙、酚醛棉紙、編織纖維玻璃布、浸漬的編織纖維玻璃布、模塑化合物或其組合。在一些實施例中,電路基底200的介電材料芯結構201可通過壓縮模塑、包覆模塑以及平坦化、層壓或其他適合的技術形成。在一些實施例中,金屬化圖案202、通孔204及接合墊206可通過一種或多種鍍覆製程(例如,電鍍覆、無電鍍覆、浸鍍、或類似的製程等)形成。
在一些實施例中,如圖9中所看到,電路基底200的接合墊206用於接納連接件、凸塊或其他元件。在一些實施例中,接合墊206包括形成在接合墊206的表面上以用於後續接合的焊料膏207和/或預成型焊料。此外,參照圖9,提供一個或多個封裝結構10。封裝結構10可包括與上文所述的配置類似或相同的配置,且可按照圖1到圖8所繪示的製造方法來製造。
參照圖10,將半導體封裝結構10設置在電路基底200上並接合到電路基底200。在一些實施例中,將封裝結構10安裝到電路基底200的頂表面200T,且經由接合連接件210將封裝結構10接合到電路基底200的接合墊206。在一些實施例中,通過執行回焊製程,封裝結構10的接合部分118與基底200的接合墊
206上的焊料膏207接合並熔接在一起以成為熔接的連接件210。在一些實施例中,回焊製程包括執行熱製程以將接合部分118變成熔融狀態或半熔融狀態以與焊料膏207集成並接合,從而成為位於封裝結構10與電路基底200之間的熔接的連接件210。回焊溫度可高於接合部分118的熔點和/或焊料膏的熔點。在一些實施例中,連接件210的大小或尺寸大於封裝結構10中的熔接的連接件115的大小或尺寸。通過這些導電性連接及重佈線結構,節距更微細的第一半導體晶粒120、第二半導體晶粒130與節距更大的電路基底200電性連接。
在圖11中,在一些實施例中,形成底部填充劑240且將底部填充劑240填充在封裝結構10與電路基底200之間,以形成半導體器件封裝結構11。在一些實施例中,底部填充劑240填充在封裝結構10與電路基底200之間且填充在位於封裝結構10與電路基底200之間的熔接的連接件210之間。在一些實施例中,底部填充劑240形成為填充封裝結構10與電路基底200之間的空間的無空隙填充材料。底部填充劑240可保護熔接的連接件210抵抗熱應力或物理應力且進一步確保封裝結構10位於電路基底200上。
在一些實施例中,在圖11中,通過毛細管底部填充劑填充法(capillary underfill filling,CUF)形成底部填充劑240,且底部填充劑240不僅填充封裝結構10與電路基底200之間的間隙而且發生溢流以局部地覆蓋重佈線層110的側壁。在一些其他
實施例中,底部填充劑240可通過轉移模塑形成,且底部填充劑240的側壁與重佈線層110的側壁垂直地對齊。在一些實施例中,可執行固化製程以使底部填充劑240凝固。
在一些實施例中,在圖11中看到,位於第一半導體晶粒120之下且延伸到封裝結構10的邊緣的無配線區MF夾置在封裝結構10的底部填充劑136與底部填充劑240之間。由於僅有不具有任何金屬化圖案、通孔及跡線的介電材料夾置在封裝結構10的底部填充劑136與底部填充劑240之間,因此無配線區MF中的介電材料用作較好的緩衝件以釋放由半導體晶粒與電路基底之間的熱膨脹係數(Coefficient of Thermal Expansion,CTE)不匹配所導致的應力。因此,底部填充劑不會發生開裂或少許開裂,且封裝器件結構的穩健性及可靠性變得更好。
由於位於封裝結構10的一個或多個隅角處的無配線區MF中不含有金屬化圖案或跡線,因此無配線區MF中的介電材料有助於減小底部填充劑開裂且實現封裝與電路基底之間更強的貼合,且整個器件結構的可靠性增強。
本發明不受連接到電路基底200的半導體封裝結構10的類型及數目限制。在本發明的圖式中,出於說明目的將積體扇出型(InFO)封裝示出為半導體封裝單元。然而顯然,其他類型的半導體封裝可用於生產包括本文中所公開的電路基底的半導體器件封裝結構,且全部的這些半導體器件皆旨在處於本說明及隨附權利要求書的範圍內。舉例來說,基底上晶圓上晶片
(Chip-On-Wafer-On-Substrate,CoWoS)結構、三維積體電路(3DIC)結構、晶圓上晶片(Chip-on-Wafer,CoW)封裝、疊層封裝(Package-on-Package,PoP)結構可全部單獨地或組合地用作半導體封裝單元。
圖12示出根據本發明的一些示例性實施例的封裝結構12的重佈線層中的無配線區的示例性佈局。從圖12右側處的平面圖看到,第一半導體晶粒120的跨度或正交投影(點線)與無配線區MF在同一水平平面的跨度或正交投影(虛線)局部地交疊。從圖12中看到,無配線區MF具有矩形形狀,所述矩形形狀在第一方向X上具有長度L1且在與第一方向X垂直的第二方向Y上具有寬度W1。在圖12中,無配線區MF的隅角區域(陰影區域)與第一半導體晶粒120的跨度的隅角區域交疊。即,無配線區MF的隅角區域CZ與第一半導體晶粒120的正交投影交疊。在一些實施例中,如圖12中所看到,交疊隅角區域CZ(陰影區域)具有在第一方向X上具有長度L2且在第二方向Y上具有寬度W2的矩形形狀。在一些實施例中,隅角區域CZ的長度L2小於無配線區MF的長度L1,且長度L2/長度L1的比值約為0.5。在一些實施例中,隅角區域CZ的寬度W2小於無配線區MF的寬度W1,且寬度W2/寬度W1的比值約為0.5。在一些實施例中,隅角區域CZ對無配線區MF的面積比值約為1:4。應理解,無配線區MF的平面圖形狀並不僅限於矩形、正方形或四角形形狀,且無配線區MF的形狀可以是多邊形、圓形、橢圓形或其他適合的形狀。
從圖12右側的平面圖看到,金屬化圖案MP的位於第一半導體晶粒120的跨度外的一些金屬化圖案也位於無配線區MF的跨度外。即,金屬化圖案MP中的一些金屬化圖案位於無配線區MF與封裝結構12的側壁之間,且這些周邊金屬化圖案MP可提供結構強度,但為電冗餘的。在本文中,圖12左邊處示出的封裝結構12的局部剖視圖中未示出周邊金屬化圖案,且應理解,導電層或金屬化圖案MP的佈局或配置僅是示例性的且不旨在限制本發明的範圍。
圖13是說明根據本發明的一些示例性實施例的封裝結構中的無配線區的示例性佈局的示意性平面圖。在圖13中看到,第一半導體晶粒120的跨度或正交投影(點線)與無配線區MF在同一平面上的跨度或正交投影(虛線)局部地交疊。在圖13中,無配線區MF的隅角區域CZ(陰影區域)與第一半導體晶粒120的跨度的隅角區域交疊,且交疊隅角區域CZ具有三角形形狀。如圖13中所看到,在交疊隅角區域(陰影區域)內,將隅角邊緣(點Ct)視為圓的中心且所述圓具有半徑SC(例如,約10微米),則交疊隅角區域CZ應足夠大以包括本文中的圓的至少一扇形區(例如,一個象限),以使得交疊隅角區域CZ足夠大以釋放應力。在一些實施例中,交疊隅角區域CZ(陰影區域)具有三角形形狀,而無配線區MF具有長度為L3及寬度為W3的矩形形狀。在一些實施例中,隅角區域CZ對無配線區MF的面積比值介於約0.3到0.5的範圍內。在圖13中,導電層或金屬化圖案MP的佈局或配
置僅是示例性的且不旨在限制本發明的範圍。
圖14是示出根據本發明的一些示例性實施例的連接到電路基底的封裝結構14的一部分的示意性放大局部剖視圖。如圖14中所看到,無配線區MF位於晶粒DD及底部填充劑UF1下方,且無配線區MF從底部填充劑UF1垂直地延伸穿過整個重佈線層RDL的堆疊的子層LL1、子層LL2、子層LL3、子層LL4及子層LL5。在一些實施例中,如圖14中所看到,實質上由相鄰的金屬化圖案MPL及金屬化圖案MPR界定的無配線區MF不具有金屬配線、佈線線或通孔,且從晶粒DD下方的位置橫越晶粒DD的隅角邊緣水平地延伸且超過底部填充劑UF1而延伸到模塑化合物MC下方的位置。在一些實施例中,無配線區MF從晶粒DD下方的位置橫越晶粒DD的隅角邊緣延伸到底部填充劑UF1下方的位置。在一些實施例中,如圖14中所看到,在封裝結構14內,無配線區MF夾置在底部填充劑UF1、模塑化合物MC及底部填充劑UF2之間。在一些實施例中,無配線區MF不延伸到封裝結構14的側壁。在一些實施例中,金屬化圖案MPL位於無配線區MF與封裝結構14的側壁之間,且這些周邊金屬化圖案MPL可包括結構加固圖案或密封環。在一些實施例中,出於製造目的,可為了佈局對稱或圖案密度調諧而提供金屬化圖案MPL。在一些實施例中,提供金屬化圖案MPL不是為了電性連接目的,而是為了提高封裝結構的結構強度。
在一些實施例中,位於半導體晶粒的隅角區域之下的無
金屬區夾置在包繞在微凸塊周圍的底部填充劑與包繞在C4凸塊周圍的底部填充劑之間。由於無配線區或無金屬區僅包含介電材料而不含有金屬化圖案、通孔及跡線,因此無配線區可被視為夾置在封裝的底部填充劑與底部填充劑之間而發揮防碰撞功能的緩衝介電區塊,以釋放由半導體晶粒與電路基底之間的CTE不匹配所導致的應力。因此,底部填充劑不會發生開裂或少許開裂,且封裝器件結構的穩健性及可靠性變得更好。此外,達成封裝與電路基底之間更少的底部填充劑開裂及更好的貼合,且整個器件結構的可靠性增強。
根據一些實施例,一種半導體封裝具有至少一個半導體晶粒及重佈線層。所述重佈線層設置在所述半導體晶粒的有效表面上且與所述半導體晶粒電性連接。所述重佈線層具有無配線區,所述無配線區排列在位於所述半導體晶粒的隅角下方的位置處。所述半導體晶粒與所述重佈線層之間設置有底部填充劑。所述無配線區位於所述底部填充劑下方且接觸所述底部填充劑。所述半導體晶粒在水平平面上的正交投影與所述無配線區在所述水平平面上的正交投影局部地交疊。所述無配線區從所述半導體晶粒橫越所述半導體晶粒的側壁水平地延伸且延伸到所述底部填充劑。
本發明實施例的一種半導體封裝,其中所述半導體封裝更包括設置在所述重佈線層上且在側向上包繞所述底部填充劑及所述半導體晶粒的模塑化合物。
本發明實施例的一種半導體封裝,其中所述重佈線層包括介電層及嵌置在所述介電層中的重佈線圖案,且所述無配線區位於所述介電層中。
本發明實施例的一種半導體封裝,其中所述無配線區的隅角區域與所述半導體晶粒的所述正交投影的隅角區域交疊,
本發明實施例的一種半導體封裝,其中所述隅角區域對所述無配線區的面積比值為0.25。
本發明實施例的一種半導體封裝,其中所述隅角區域對所述無配線區的面積比值介於0.3到0.5的範圍內。
本發明實施例的一種半導體封裝,其中所述半導體封裝更包括與所述半導體晶粒電性連接的電路基底及填充在所述電路基底與所述重佈線層之間的底部的底部填充劑。
本發明實施例的一種半導體封裝,其中所述無配線區位於所述底部填充劑與所述底部的底部填充劑之間。
根據一些實施例,一種封裝結構至少具有第一晶粒、第二晶粒、電路基底及重佈線層。所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒並排地排列。所述電路基底設置在所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒之下且與所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒電性連接。所述重佈線層設置在所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒與所述電路基底之間,且與所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒電性連接。所述重佈線層包括排列在位於所述第一晶粒的外隅角下方的位置處的無配線區。第一底部填充劑設置在所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒與所述重佈線層之
間。第二底部填充劑設置在所述重佈線層與所述電路基底之間。位於所述第一底部填充劑下方的所述無配線區接觸所述第一底部填充劑,且所述無配線區位於所述第一底部填充劑與所述第二底部填充劑之間。
本發明實施例的一種封裝結構,其中所述無配線區位於所述第一晶粒的外隅角下方的位置處。
本發明實施例的一種封裝結構,其中所述無配線區從所述第一晶粒沿著所述第一底部填充劑水平地延伸且延伸超過所述第一底部填充劑。
本發明實施例的一種封裝結構,其中所述重佈線層包括多個子層且所述無配線區垂直地延伸穿過所述重佈線層的所述多個子層中的至少一個。
本發明實施例的一種封裝結構,其中所述重佈線層包括多個子層且所述無配線區垂直地延伸穿過所述重佈線層的所述多個子層中的兩個或多個。
本發明實施例的一種封裝結構,其中所述重佈線層包括多個子層且所述無配線區垂直地延伸穿過所述重佈線層的所述多個子層中的全部個。
本發明實施例的一種封裝結構,其中所述封裝結構更包括設置在所述重佈線層上且在側向上包繞所述第一底部填充劑以及所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒的模塑化合物。
本發明實施例的一種封裝結構,其中所述無配線區的隅
角區域在所述外隅角的位置處與所述第一晶粒的正交投影的隅角區域交疊。
根據一些實施例,提供一種封裝結構的製造方法。在提供載體之後,形成具有子層及無配線區的重佈線層。在所述重佈線層之上設置第一晶粒以佔據所述無配線區的一部分,且在所述重佈線層之上及所述第一晶粒旁邊設置第二晶粒。將所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒接合到所述重佈線層。所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒電性連接到所述重佈線層。在所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒與所述重佈線層之間分配底部填充劑。形成模塑化合物以包封所述底部填充劑以及所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒。移除所述載體。
本發明實施例的一種製造方法,其中形成所述重佈線層包括在所述無配線區外在所述子層中形成金屬化圖案,以界定所述無配線區。
本發明實施例的一種製造方法,其中所述製造方法更包括在形成所述模塑化合物之後執行切割製程,其中執行所述切割製程來切穿所述模塑化合物及所述重佈線層而不切分所述無配線區,以形成封裝。
本發明實施例的一種製造方法,其中所述製造方法更包括提供電路基底,將所述封裝接合到所述電路基底並在所述封裝與所述電路基底之間形成底部底部填充劑。
本申請中提供的一或多個態樣的說明及例示並不旨在
以任意方式限制或約束所主張的本發明的範圍。本申請中提供的態樣、實例及細節被認為足以傳達所有權並使其他人能夠製造及使用所主張的揭露的最佳模式。所主張的揭露不應被解釋為限於本申請中提供的任意態樣、實例或細節。不管是以組合的方式亦或單獨的方式示出及闡述,各種特徵(結構及方法二者)旨在被選擇性地包括或省略,以產生具有特定特徵的集合的實施例。已提供本申請的說明及例示,熟習此項技術者可設想落於本申請中實施的一般發明概念的更寬態樣的精神內的變化、修改及替代態樣,而不背離所主張的揭露的更寬範圍。
12: 封裝結構
120: 第一半導體晶粒
CZ: 隅角區域
L1、L2: 長度
MF: 無配線區
MP: 金屬化圖案
W1、W2: 寬度
X: 第一方向
Y: 第二方向
Claims (10)
- 一種半導體封裝,包括:半導體晶粒;重佈線層,設置在所述半導體晶粒的有效表面上且與所述半導體晶粒電性連接,其中所述重佈線層包括無配線區,所述無配線區排列在位於所述半導體晶粒的隅角下方的位置處,且所述半導體晶粒在水平平面上的正交投影與所述無配線區在所述水平平面上的正交投影局部地交疊;底部填充劑,設置在所述半導體晶粒與所述重佈線層之間,其中位於所述底部填充劑下方的所述無配線區接觸所述底部填充劑,且所述無配線區從所述半導體晶粒橫越所述半導體晶粒的側壁水平地延伸到所述底部填充劑;電路基底,與所述半導體晶粒電性連接;以及底部的底部填充劑,填充在所述電路基底與所述重佈線層之間,其中所述無配線區位於所述底部填充劑與所述底部的底部填充劑之間。
- 如請求項1所述的半導體封裝,其中所述無配線區的隅角區域與所述半導體晶粒的所述正交投影的隅角區域交疊。
- 如請求項2所述的半導體封裝,其中所述隅角區域對所述無配線區的面積比值介於0.3到0.5的範圍內。
- 如請求項1所述的半導體封裝,更包括設置在所述重佈線層上且在側向上包繞所述底部填充劑及所述半導體晶粒的 模塑化合物。
- 一種封裝結構,包括:第一晶粒與第二晶粒,並排地排列;電路基底,設置在所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒之下且與所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒電性連接;重佈線層,設置在所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒與所述電路基底之間,且與所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒電性連接,其中所述重佈線層包括位於所述第一晶粒下方的無配線區;第一底部填充劑,設置在所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒與所述重佈線層之間;以及第二底部填充劑,設置在所述重佈線層與所述電路基底之間,其中所述無配線區從所述第一晶粒橫越所述第一晶粒的側壁水平地延伸且至少延伸到所述第一底部填充劑以使得位於所述第一底部填充劑下方的所述無配線區接觸所述第一底部填充劑,且所述無配線區位於所述第一底部填充劑與所述第二底部填充劑之間。
- 如請求項5所述的封裝結構,其中所述無配線區從所述第一晶粒沿著所述第一底部填充劑水平地延伸且延伸超過所述第一底部填充劑。
- 如請求項5所述的封裝結構,其中所述重佈線層包括多個子層且所述無配線區垂直地延伸穿過所述重佈線層的所述多個子層中的至少一個。
- 如請求項5所述的封裝結構,更包括設置在所述重佈線層上且在側向上包繞所述第一底部填充劑以及所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒的模塑化合物。
- 如請求項5所述的封裝結構,其中所述重佈線層包括多個子層且所述無配線區垂直地延伸穿過所述重佈線層的所述多個子層中的全部個。
- 一種封裝結構的製造方法,包括:提供載體;形成具有子層及無配線區的重佈線層;在所述重佈線層之上設置第一晶粒以佔據所述無配線區的一部分,並在所述重佈線層之上及所述第一晶粒旁邊設置第二晶粒;將所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒接合至所述重佈線層,其中所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒電性連接到所述重佈線層;在所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒與所述重佈線層之間分配底部填充劑;形成模塑化合物以包封所述底部填充劑以及所述第一晶粒及所述第二晶粒;移除所述載體;以及執行切割製程,其中執行所述切割製程來切穿所述模塑化合物及所述重佈線層而不切分所述無配線區,以形成封裝。
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