TWI769499B - 用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊及其應用 - Google Patents

用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊及其應用 Download PDF

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TWI769499B
TWI769499B TW109128095A TW109128095A TWI769499B TW I769499 B TWI769499 B TW I769499B TW 109128095 A TW109128095 A TW 109128095A TW 109128095 A TW109128095 A TW 109128095A TW I769499 B TWI769499 B TW I769499B
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porous fiber
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石景騰
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九龍開發事業有限公司
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    • E04F15/20—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors for sound insulation
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
    • E04F15/20—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors for sound insulation
    • E04F15/203—Separately-laid layers for sound insulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
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    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0207—Materials belonging to B32B25/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2419/04—Tiles for floors or walls

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Abstract

本發明係提供一種用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊及其應用，該建築用制音墊主要特點包括:一發泡層，選用橡膠或高分子塑膠材質經發泡手段製成且形成第一表面及第二表面；一第一多孔隙纖維層及一第二多孔隙纖維層，均為包含有纖維原料所構成而具多孔隙之層狀結構體，係分別結合固定於發泡層之第一表面及第二表面；且其結合固定方式係於發泡層進行發泡製程中尚未固化成型前，將第一、第二多孔隙纖維層分別疊合於第一、第二表面，進而構成第一、第二多孔隙纖維層局部結構分別錯入結合於第一、第二表面中之結合固定狀態。

Description

用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊及其應用
本發明係涉及一種建築用制音墊；特別是指一種能夠用以有效防止假性結合問題之創新建築用制音墊結構型態揭示者。
所謂建築用制音墊(亦稱為隔音墊或制震墊)，多數是被應用在多樓層建築物的樓板結構上，也有部份是應用在隔間牆結構，用以達到減降抑制噪音及減震的功效，這對於目前居住在都市中鄰居多數為上、下樓層關係或同樓層隔壁關係的普遍情況而言，其實是相當重要的一種結構體設計。
習知建築用制音墊，普遍常見者是採用橡膠墊體製成，具體施作上若以應用在樓板結構的例子而言，主要是利用水泥砂漿將它黏固在混凝土樓板上，因為橡膠墊體表面無法直接供地磚結合鋪設，所以該橡膠墊體表面必須先鋪設一層至少5公分以上厚度的水泥砂漿層，然後將地磚結合(通常透過益膠泥)鋪設於該水泥砂漿層上；前述結構中，因為該橡膠墊體本身為疏水性材料，它與水泥砂漿層是無法固結的兩種材質，所以該兩者之間容易產生氣隙，形成業界所俗稱的「假性結合」狀態，因此在日後使用過程中容易滲入水份及空氣，從而導致該水泥砂漿層發生局部鼓凸變形(俗稱澎拱)甚至造成地磚爆裂等嚴重問題，而業界為了避免此問題輕易發生，會在該水泥砂漿層結構中再鋪設鋼網，以增進水泥砂漿層的結構強韌度，但採取這種作法所相對造成的缺點，是水泥砂漿層必須再增厚至10公分以上，才能符合其單一漿層須達5公分以上才能滿足最低強度需求的建築施工規範；然而如此一來，為了達到樓板結構制音的功能訴求，卻必須將樓板增厚10公分以上，因為如果不這樣處理，那麼將面臨前述鼓凸變形滲水的問題，滲水將加速鋼網鏽蝕而影響建物結構的耐久性，然而前述作法，也只不過是讓前述假性結合的位置換到另一個構造階層而已，實質上並未根本解決假性結合的問題。
承上所述，習知建築用制音墊目前為相關業界所詬病的問題至少包括：施工成本過高、施工效率低、樓板(或隔間牆)的負荷及結構安全疑慮大幅增加。簡而言之，習知建築用制音墊最主要的問題，其實是源自其與水泥砂漿層之間為假性結合而無法牢固定位的問題。
是以，針對上述習知建築用制音墊技術所存在之問題點，如何研發出一種能夠更具理想實用性之創新構造，實有待相關業界再加以思索突破之目標及方向者；有鑑於此，發明人本於多年從事相關產品之製造開發與設計經驗，針對上述之目標，詳加設計與審慎評估後，終得一確具實用性之本發明。
本發明之主要目的，係在提供一種用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊及其應用，其所欲解決之技術問題，係針對如何研發出一種更具理想實用性之新式建築用制音墊為目標加以思索創新突破。
基於前述目的，本發明解決問題之技術特點，主要在於所述建築用制音墊係包括:一發泡層，選用橡膠或高分子塑膠任其中一種材質經適當比例之發泡手段所製成的板墊體型態者，呈軟質而具有可撓性，發泡層具有一厚度而界定形成一第一表面以及一第二表面；一第一多孔隙纖維層，呈軟質而具有可撓性、可壓縮及可延展性，為包含有纖維原料所構成而具多孔隙之層狀結構體，第一多孔隙纖維層結合固定於發泡層之第一表面；一第二多孔隙纖維層，呈軟質而具有可撓性、可壓縮及可延展性，為包含有纖維原料所構成而具多孔隙之層狀結構體，第二多孔隙纖維層結合固定於發泡層之第二表面；且第一多孔隙纖維層、第二多孔隙纖維層與發泡層的結合固定方式，係於發泡層進行一熱融發泡製造過程中尚未冷卻固化成型之前，即將第一多孔隙纖維層疊合於第一表面，並將第二多孔隙纖維層疊合於第二表面，進而構成第一多孔隙纖維層局部結構錯入結合於第一表面中，第二多孔隙纖維層局部結構錯入結合於第二表面中之結合固定狀態。
本發明之主要效果與優點，係能夠利用該發泡層的兩側表面均牢固結合有多孔隙纖維層的結構型態特徵，使得所述建築用制音墊於實際應用上與混凝土層或地磚之間，能夠僅透過益膠泥或其他水泥砂漿即達成牢固結合狀態，因為多孔隙纖維層能夠使所述益膠泥或其他水泥砂漿固化後，與該多孔隙纖維層成為交錯融合在一起的結構狀態，所以確可有效防止習知橡膠墊體與水泥砂漿層之間存在假性結合的問題，且能夠大幅減省水泥砂漿層與鋼網等結構的施作成本與工時，大大地降低了建築用制音結構的設置成本，工程施作效率相對可大幅提升，並大幅降低樓板或牆壁結構的載重負荷與安全疑慮，從而特具有實用進步性。
本發明之另一主要目的，係更提供一種制音樓層地板，其包含所述用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊，所述制音樓層地板依由下而上順序係包括一混凝土層、建築用制音墊以及若干地磚，其中建築用制音墊之第一多孔隙纖維層為朝下設置狀態，令第一多孔隙纖維層與混凝土層之間黏著固定，而第二多孔隙纖維層則與地磚之間黏著固定。
請參閱圖1、2所示，係本發明用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊及其應用之較佳實施例，惟此等實施例僅供說明之用，在專利申請上並不受此結構之限制。
所述建築用制音墊A係包括下述構成:一發泡層10，選用橡膠或高分子塑膠任其中一種材質經適當比例之發泡手段所製成的板墊體型態者，呈軟質而具有可撓性(註：較佳例亦包括可壓縮及可延展性)，該發泡層10具有一厚度而界定形成一第一表面11以及一第二表面12；一第一多孔隙纖維層20，呈軟質而具有可撓性、可壓縮及可延展性，為包含有纖維原料所構成而具多孔隙之層狀結構體，該第一多孔隙纖維層20結合固定於該發泡層之該第一表面11；一第二多孔隙纖維層30，呈軟質而具有可撓性、可壓縮及可延展性，為包含有纖維原料所構成而具多孔隙之層狀結構體，該第二多孔隙纖維層30結合固定於該發泡層10之該第二表面12；且其中，該第一多孔隙纖維層20、第二多孔隙纖維層30與該發泡層10的結合固定方式，係於該發泡層10進行一熱融發泡製造過程中尚未冷卻固化成型之前，即將該第一多孔隙纖維層20疊合於該第一表面11，並將該第二多孔隙纖維層30疊合於該第二表面12，進而構成該第一多孔隙纖維層20局部結構錯入結合於該第一表面11中，該第二多孔隙纖維層30局部結構錯入結合於該第二表面12中之結合固定狀態。
其中，該第一多孔隙纖維層20以及該第二多孔隙纖維層30係選用自不織布、紡織布任其中一者。(註：包含兩者可各自選用不同的纖維材質)
如圖2所示，本例中，該發泡層10供該第一多孔隙纖維層20以及該第二多孔隙纖維層30局部錯入的結構深度範圍(如H1所標示範圍)，其結構密度係相對小於該發泡層的其他部份結構密度(如H2所標示範圍)。
如圖3所示，本例中，該建築用制音墊A係設成長形面積輪廓型態，且彎曲捲成捆狀備用。
如圖4所示，本例中，該建築用制音墊A係設成矩形(或多邊形、圓形)面積輪廓型態，且成堆疊狀備用。
如圖5所示，本例中係揭示一種制音樓層地板B，其包含有前述圖1至圖2所揭示之建築用制音墊A，所述制音樓層地板B依由下而上順序係包括一混凝土層40、該建築用制音墊A以及若干地磚50，其中該建築用制音墊A之該第一多孔隙纖維層20為朝下設置狀態，令該第一多孔隙纖維層20與該混凝土層40之間黏著固定，而該第二多孔隙纖維層30則與該地磚50之間黏著固定。
如圖5所示，本例中，該第一多孔隙纖維層20與該混凝土層40之間，以及該第二多孔隙纖維層30與該地磚50之間，係利用益膠泥60 (或其他水泥砂漿)達成黏著固定狀態。
又其中，所述建築用制音墊A係選用單一層或複數層任一種設置型態；當選用複數層設置型態時，其上、下相疊合的不同建築用制音墊相貼觸的該第一多孔隙纖維層20與該第二多孔隙纖維層30之間，係藉由塗佈水泥砂漿而達成黏著固定狀態。本例中所揭複數層建築用制音墊A的功效，除了彈性緩衝效果倍增之優點外，其層合之間能夠藉由纖維特性達到較佳的磨擦疊置效果與黏著牢固效果，此部份也是一般發泡墊直接相互疊置所無法達到的效果。
藉由上述結構組成型態與技術特徵，本發明所揭建築用制音墊A實際應用上可以作為建築物的樓板或者隔間牆結構的隔音減震裝置，如圖5所示為本發明應用作為制音樓層地板B的實施例，本例中主要能夠利用該建築用制音墊A的發泡層10兩側表面分別牢固結合有第一多孔隙纖維層20、第二多孔隙纖維層30的結構型態特徵，使得所述建築用制音墊A於實際應用上與混凝土層40、地磚50之間，能夠僅透過益膠泥60或其他水泥砂漿即達成牢固結合狀態，因為該第一多孔隙纖維層20及第二多孔隙纖維層30能夠使所述益膠泥60或其他水泥砂漿固化後，與該第一多孔隙纖維層20及第二多孔隙纖維層30成為交錯融合在一起的結構狀態，而該第一多孔隙纖維層20、第二多孔隙纖維層30與發泡層10兩側表面之間，是在製程中已經局部交融錯合成一體的牢固結合狀複合層結構體，亦即達成物理性結合狀態(或稱結構性結合狀態)，所以確實可以有效防止習知橡膠墊體與水泥砂漿層之間存在假性結合的問題發生，讓建築用制音墊A與建築物樓板(或隔間牆)結構之間牢固地結合在一起，有效預防日後產生脫開、滲水及鼓凸變形等問題，而且能夠大幅減省習知水泥砂漿層與鋼網等結構的施作成本與工時，大大地降低了建築用制音結構的設置成本，工程施作效率相對可大幅提升，並大幅降低樓板或牆壁結構的載重負荷與安全疑慮，實堪稱為一實用好用之創新發明。
A:建築用制音墊 10:發泡層 11:第一表面 12:第二表面 20:第一多孔隙纖維層 30:第二多孔隙纖維層 B:制音樓層地板 40:混凝土層 50:地磚 60:益膠泥
圖1係本發明之建築用制音墊較佳實施例之立體外觀圖。 圖2為圖1之2-2局部剖面圖。 圖3係本發明之建築用制音墊彎曲捲成捆狀備用實施例圖。 圖4係本發明之建築用制音墊設成堆疊狀備用實施例圖。 圖5係本發明之制音樓層地板較佳應用例之立體剖視圖。
A:建築用制音墊
10:發泡層
20:第一多孔隙纖維層
30:第二多孔隙纖維層
B:制音樓層地板
40:混凝土層
50:地磚
60:益膠泥

Claims (8)

  1. 一種用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊，所述建築用制音墊包括: 一發泡層，選用橡膠或高分子塑膠任其中一種材質經發泡手段所製成的板墊體型態者，呈軟質而具有可撓性，該發泡層具有一厚度而界定形成一第一表面以及一第二表面； 一第一多孔隙纖維層，呈軟質而具有可撓性、可壓縮及可延展性，為包含有纖維原料所構成而具多孔隙之層狀結構體，該第一多孔隙纖維層結合固定於該發泡層之該第一表面；以及 一第二多孔隙纖維層，呈軟質而具有可撓性、可壓縮及可延展性，為包含有纖維原料所構成而具多孔隙之層狀結構體，該第二多孔隙纖維層結合固定於該發泡層之該第二表面； 且其中，該第一多孔隙纖維層、第二多孔隙纖維層與該發泡層的結合固定方式，係於該發泡層進行一熱融發泡製造過程中尚未冷卻固化成型之前，即將該第一多孔隙纖維層疊合於該第一表面，並將該第二多孔隙纖維層疊合於該第二表面，進而構成該第一多孔隙纖維層局部結構錯入結合於該第一表面中，該第二多孔隙纖維層局部結構錯入結合於該第二表面中之結合固定狀態。
  2. 如請求項1所述之用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊，其中該第一多孔隙纖維層以及該第二多孔隙纖維層係選用自不織布、紡織布任其中一者。
  3. 如請求項1所述之用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊，其中該發泡層供該第一多孔隙纖維層以及該第二多孔隙纖維層局部錯入的結構深度範圍，其結構密度係相對小於該發泡層的其他部份結構密度。
  4. 如請求項1至3中任一請求項所述之用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊，其中該建築用制音墊係設成長形面積輪廓型態，且彎曲捲成捆狀備用。
  5. 如請求項1至3中任一請求項所述之用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊，其中該建築用制音墊係設成矩形、多邊形或圓形面積輪廓型態，且成堆疊狀備用。
  6. 一種制音樓層地板，其包含有請求項1至5項任一請求項所述用以防止假性結合之建築用制音墊，所述制音樓層地板依由下而上順序係包括一混凝土層、該建築用制音墊以及若干地磚，其中該建築用制音墊之該第一多孔隙纖維層為朝下設置狀態，令該第一多孔隙纖維層與該混凝土層之間黏著固定，而該第二多孔隙纖維層則與該地磚之間黏著固定。
  7. 如請求項6所述之制音樓層地板，其中該第一多孔隙纖維層與該混凝土層之間，以及該第二多孔隙纖維層與該地磚之間，係利用益膠泥或其他水泥砂漿達成黏著固定狀態。
  8. 如請求項6或7所述之制音樓層地板，其中所述建築用制音墊係選用單一層或複數層任一種設置型態；當選用複數層設置型態時，其上、下相疊合的不同建築用制音墊相貼觸的該第一多孔隙纖維層與該第二多孔隙纖維層之間，係藉由塗佈水泥砂漿而達成黏著固定狀態。
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