TWI744567B - Gas cutting nozzle - Google Patents
Gas cutting nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- TWI744567B TWI744567B TW107141699A TW107141699A TWI744567B TW I744567 B TWI744567 B TW I744567B TW 107141699 A TW107141699 A TW 107141699A TW 107141699 A TW107141699 A TW 107141699A TW I744567 B TWI744567 B TW I744567B
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- core rod
- inner core
- gas cutting
- gas
- brass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K7/00—Cutting, scarfing, or desurfacing by applying flames
- B23K7/10—Auxiliary devices, e.g. for guiding or supporting the torch
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/38—Torches, e.g. for brazing or heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/38—Torches, e.g. for brazing or heating
- F23D14/42—Torches, e.g. for brazing or heating for cutting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
- F23D14/52—Nozzles for torches; for blow-pipes
- F23D14/54—Nozzles for torches; for blow-pipes for cutting or welding metal
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明係關於一種氣體切割噴口。 The invention relates to a gas cutting nozzle.
本案基於2017年11月28日於日本提出申請之特願2017-228387號而主張優先權,並將其內容援用於此。 This case claims priority based on Special Application No. 2017-228387 filed in Japan on November 28, 2017, and uses its content here.
當使用在鋼板之氣體切斷之氣體切割噴口,於氣體切斷時,濺射物(熔融鐵)附著於端面或內部之氣體路徑,將會造成氣體之流動變得不均勻、降低氣體切斷性能。 When using the gas cutting nozzle for gas cutting of the steel plate, when the gas is cut off, the spatter (molten iron) adheres to the end surface or the internal gas path, which will cause the gas flow to become uneven and reduce the gas cut performance.
一般而言,作為使氣體切斷性能恢復之方法,為採取藉由去除附著於氣體切割噴口之內部芯棒之氣體路徑之濺射物的方法。由於加工部位較多之內部芯棒多使用可切削性較好之材料(例如,黃銅),故而去除附著之濺射物時,易於損傷內部芯棒之形狀。內部芯棒之形狀受損傷之結果,有時會導致氣體切割噴口之氣體切斷性能降低。 Generally speaking, as a method of restoring the gas cutting performance, a method of removing sputters attached to the gas path of the inner core rod of the gas cutting nozzle is adopted. Since the inner mandrel with many processing parts mostly uses materials with good machinability (for example, brass), it is easy to damage the shape of the inner mandrel when removing the adhered sputter. As a result of damage to the shape of the inner core rod, sometimes the gas cutting performance of the gas cutting nozzle is reduced.
參照專利文獻1~3,設計有一種氣體切割噴口,該氣體切割噴口係為,不易發生濺射物向氣體切割噴口之氣體路徑之附著、或伴隨著去除附著之濺射物之清掃作業之內部芯棒之形狀損傷所引起產生之氣體切斷性能之降低。例如,專利文獻1中記載之氣體切割噴口中,內部芯棒係由不鏽鋼或陶瓷形成,以便防止噴嘴形狀之損傷。又,亦設計有藉由對內部
形成,以便防止噴嘴形狀之損傷。又,亦設計有藉由對內部芯棒實施基於鍍覆之表面處理,進而防止內部芯棒之形狀之損傷的氣體切割噴口。
With reference to
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2000-249315號公報 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-249315
[專利文獻2]日本專利特開2016-147291號公報 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2016-147291
[專利文獻3]日本專利特開平6-74426號公報 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-74426
然而,無論是由不鏽鋼或陶瓷形成內部芯棒之情形、或對內部芯棒以電鍍實施表面處理之情形時,相較於以一般材料之黃銅形成內部芯棒之情形,存在製造成本變高之問題。 However, whether it is the case where the inner core rod is formed of stainless steel or ceramics, or the case where the inner core rod is surface-treated by electroplating, compared with the case where the inner core rod is formed with general material brass, there is a higher manufacturing cost. The problem.
本發明係考慮到上述情況而完成者,其目的在於提供一種不增加製造成本、而又不易發生氣體切斷性能之降低的氣體切割噴口。 The present invention was completed in consideration of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide a gas cutting nozzle that does not increase the manufacturing cost and is less likely to cause a decrease in gas shutoff performance.
為了解決上述問題,本發明提出了以下之方法。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes the following methods.
本發明之第一態樣之氣體切割噴口具備:內部芯棒,其至少一部分由耐脫鋅性較高之黃銅形成;及外部噴口,其與上述內部芯棒之外表面之間形成通路,上述內部芯棒亦可由至少含有59.0~67.0重量%之Cu、1.0~4.0重量%之Pb、0.8重量%以下之Fe、0.1~2.3重量%之Sn、且將剩餘部分設為Zn之黃銅形成。 The gas cutting nozzle of the first aspect of the present invention includes: an inner core rod, at least a part of which is formed of brass with high dezincification resistance; and an outer nozzle, which forms a passage with the outer surface of the inner core rod, The above-mentioned inner core rod can also be formed of brass containing at least 59.0-67.0% by weight of Cu, 1.0-4.0% by weight of Pb, 0.8% by weight or less of Fe, 0.1-2.3% by weight of Sn, and the remainder as Zn. .
根據本發明之第二態樣,於第一態樣之氣體切割噴口中,上述內部芯棒亦可為至少供切斷氧氣通過之流通孔之表面由耐脫鋅性較高之黃銅形成。 According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the gas cutting nozzle of the first aspect, the inner core rod may have at least the surface of the flow hole for cutting off oxygen to be formed of brass with high dezincification resistance.
根據本發明之第三態樣,於第一態樣之氣體切割噴口中,上述內部芯棒亦可為至少前端部分之表面由耐脫鋅性較高之黃銅形成。 According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the gas cutting nozzle of the first aspect, at least the surface of the front end portion of the inner core rod may be formed of brass with high dezincification resistance.
根據本發明之氣體切割噴口,可提供一種不增加製造成本而又不易發生氣體切斷性能之降低之氣體切割噴口。 According to the gas cutting nozzle of the present invention, it is possible to provide a gas cutting nozzle which does not increase the manufacturing cost and is not prone to decrease the gas cutting performance.
100:氣體切割噴口 100: Gas cutting nozzle
1:內部芯棒 1: Internal core rod
1a:流通孔 1a: Flow hole
1b:山部 1b: Yamabe
1c:槽 1c: slot
1g:外表面 1g: outer surface
1gt:前端部外表面 1gt: Outer surface of front end
2:外部噴口 2: External spout
2n:內表面 2n: inner surface
2ns:前端部內表面 2ns: the inner surface of the tip
3:通路 3: access
5:噴口金屬件 5: spout metal parts
5a:切斷氧氣口 5a: Cut off the oxygen port
5b:預熱氧氣口 5b: Preheating oxygen port
5c:燃燒氣體口 5c: Combustion gas port
圖1係表示本實施形態之氣體切割噴口之整體構成圖。 Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the gas cutting nozzle of this embodiment.
圖2係該氣體切割噴口之仰視圖。 Figure 2 is a bottom view of the gas cutting nozzle.
圖3係表示內部芯棒之耐久試驗中之穿孔次數之測定結果之曲線圖。 Figure 3 is a graph showing the measurement results of the number of perforations in the durability test of the internal core rod.
圖4係表示直至判定為需要進行維修保養為止之穿孔次數之測定結果之曲線圖。 Figure 4 is a graph showing the measurement results of the number of perforations until it is determined that maintenance is required.
圖5係表示基於氣體切斷之切斷面品質之評估之耐久試驗中之穿孔次數之測定結果之曲線圖。 Fig. 5 is a graph showing the measurement result of the number of perforations in the durability test based on the evaluation of the quality of the cut surface of the gas cut.
圖6係表示內部芯棒之耐維修保養性能評估中之噴口清潔針之往返次數之曲線圖。 Figure 6 is a graph showing the number of round trips of the nozzle cleaning needle in the evaluation of the maintenance resistance of the internal core rod.
參照圖1至圖2,對本發明之一實施形態進行說明。再者,為了便於觀察圖式,各構成要素之尺寸等進行了適當調整。 1 to 2, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Furthermore, in order to facilitate the observation of the drawings, the dimensions of each component have been appropriately adjusted.
圖1係表示本實施形態之氣體切割噴口100之整體構成圖。圖2係圖1之氣體切割噴口100之仰視圖。
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the
氣體切割噴口100係使用丙烷氣體、LNG等烴系氣體或氫氣等氣體切斷鋼板等時所使用之噴口。
The
氣體切割噴口100具備:具有切斷氧氣之流通孔1a之內部芯棒1、外部噴口2、及噴口金屬件5。
The
如圖1所示,內部芯棒1為長條之圓筒形狀,具有隨著靠近前端側之底面而變窄之形狀。又,如圖1及圖2所示,內部芯棒1具有沿長度方向之中心軸延伸之流通孔1a,流通孔1a於底面連通於外部空間。
As shown in Fig. 1, the
又,如圖1及圖2所示,於內部芯棒1之前端側即前端部外表面1gt處,形成有包含山部1b及槽1c之齒輪(gear)狀之狹縫部。
In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, on the front end side of the
內部芯棒1於前端側之相反側即基端側,螺固至噴口金屬件5,內部芯棒1嵌合於噴口金屬件5而相互形成一體。
The
內部芯棒1由耐脫鋅性較高之黃銅(以下,稱為「耐脫鋅黃銅」)形成。內部芯棒1由導熱性及耐熱性較高且製造成本等經濟性亦較高之黃銅形成。又,由於內部芯棒1中包含山部1b及槽1c之齒輪(gear)狀之狹縫部等加工部位較多,故而就切削性之觀點而言,黃銅亦適合作為內部芯棒1之材料。
The
又,發明人等進行分析之結果發現,通常於自來水管等流水部中為了防止脫鋅現象而使用之耐脫鋅黃銅,適合作為內部芯棒1之材料。此處,所謂的脫鋅現象,係指黃銅中包含之鋅自黃銅脫離之現象。耐脫鋅黃銅用
於自來水管等流水部,例如於長期間暴露於經氯氣消毒之自來水之情形時,可較佳地防止離子化傾向較大之鋅因電解腐蝕而溶出之脫鋅現象。
In addition, the inventors analyzed the results and found that dezincification-resistant brass, which is generally used in water pipes and other water parts to prevent dezincification, is suitable as a material for the
對於先前之氣體切割噴口之內部芯棒,人們認為並不存在暴露於自來水等之部分,因而不會發生黃銅之脫鋅現象,但發明人等進行分析之結果卻發現,於先前之氣體切割噴口之內部芯棒中,因氣體切斷時之加熱而發生黃銅之脫鋅現象。 For the internal core rod of the previous gas cutting nozzle, it is believed that there is no part exposed to tap water, so that the dezincification phenomenon of brass will not occur. However, the inventors found that the previous gas cutting In the inner core rod of the spout, the dezincification phenomenon of brass occurs due to the heating when the gas is cut off.
發生脫鋅現象之內部芯棒成為表面殘留有紅色之海綿狀之銅之狀態,組織變為多孔質而變脆。因此,發生脫鋅現象之黃銅在去除附著之濺射物(熔融鐵)之清掃作業時,內部芯棒之前端部分或內部芯棒之流通孔之形狀易於損傷,其結果,易降低氣體切割噴口之氣體切斷性能。例如,僅因流通孔之氣體路徑中出現3μm左右之凹凸形狀之損傷,氣體切斷性能就會大幅降低。此外,由於發生脫鋅現象之黃銅之粗糙度會增大,故而易附著濺射物,其結果,將增加去除附著之濺射物之清掃作業之次數。 The inner core rod with dezincification phenomenon has a state with red sponge-like copper remaining on the surface, and the structure becomes porous and becomes brittle. Therefore, in the cleaning operation of removing the adhering spatter (molten iron) of brass with dezincification phenomenon, the front end of the inner core rod or the shape of the circulation hole of the inner core rod is easy to be damaged. As a result, it is easy to reduce the gas cutting The gas cut-off performance of the nozzle. For example, just because the gas path of the through hole is damaged with a concave-convex shape of about 3 μm, the gas shutoff performance will be greatly reduced. In addition, since the roughness of the brass in which the dezincification phenomenon occurs will increase, it is easy to adhere to the spatter. As a result, the number of cleaning operations for removing the adhered spatter will increase.
另一方面,由於本實施形態之氣體切割噴口100之內部芯棒1由耐脫鋅黃銅形成,故而可較佳地減少如上所述之黃銅之脫鋅現象之發生。其結果,可較佳地減少伴隨著去除濺射物之清掃作業之內部芯棒1之形狀損傷所導致之氣體切斷性能之降低之發生。
On the other hand, since the
此處,所謂的耐脫鋅黃銅,係指例如滿足ISO6509之評估基準之黃銅。 Here, the so-called dezincification-resistant brass refers to brass that meets the evaluation criteria of ISO6509, for example.
用於內部芯棒1之形成之耐脫鋅黃銅於ISO6509脫鋅試驗中,最大脫鋅深度為200μm以下,以50μm以下為佳。用於內部芯棒1之形成之耐脫
鋅黃銅例如為包含表1所示之成分之黃銅。再者,存在表1所示之剩餘部分中,除Zn以外亦包含不可避免雜質之情況。
In the ISO6509 dezincification test of the dezincification resistant brass used for the formation of the
內部芯棒1較佳為由耐脫鋅黃銅形成,藉由實施熱處理而消除易於發生脫鋅現象之β層,藉此提高耐脫鋅性。
The
如圖1及圖2所示,外部噴口2為長條之圓筒形狀,於內部芯棒1之中心軸方向觀察時,以同心圓狀嵌合於內部芯棒1,於外部噴口2之內表面2n與內部芯棒1之外表面1g之間形成預熱氧氣與燃燒氣體混合而成之混合氣體之通路3。
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the
如圖2所示,通路3於底面連通於外部空間。又,如圖2所示,外部噴口2之底面側即前端部內表面2ns,為嵌合於內部芯棒1之山部1b之外周部。
As shown in Fig. 2, the
於本實施形態中,外部噴口2係與內部芯棒1為不同體,故而外部噴口的材料不同於內部芯棒1的材料,亦可例如由銅等形成。
In this embodiment, the
再者,外部噴口2亦可與內部芯棒1形成為一體,於此情形時,外部噴口2亦由耐脫鋅黃銅形成。
Furthermore, the
如圖1所示,於噴口金屬件5設置有與流通孔1a連通之切斷氧氣口5a、及與通路3連通之預熱氧氣口5b及燃燒氣體口5c。
As shown in FIG. 1, the
其次,對使用氣體切割噴口100之氣體切斷之動作進行說明。
Next, the gas cutting operation using the
預熱氧氣及丙烷氣體等燃燒氣體自預熱氧氣口5b及燃燒氣體口5c被送入至通路3並混合,其混合氣體噴出至外部而產生預熱焰。於此同時,切斷氧氣自切斷氧氣口5a經由流通孔1a而噴出。
Combustion gas such as preheated oxygen and propane gas is fed into the
利用自通路3噴出之預熱焰將鋼板之切斷起始部加熱至著火溫度,自流通孔1a向該鋼板之切斷起始部以噴流狀噴出切斷氧氣。藉由噴出之切斷氧氣使鋼中之鐵燃燒,並利用其熱使母材熔融。於此同時,利用切斷氧氣噴流之機械能,將燃燒產物吹散並以槽狀去除,藉此進行切斷。吹散之燃燒產物(濺射物)之一部分與流通孔1a等接觸,但內部芯棒1不易發生表面變粗糙之脫鋅現象,故而濺射物不易附著。
The cutting start part of the steel plate is heated to the ignition temperature by the preheating flame sprayed from the
(一實施形態之效果) (One effect of the implementation form)
根據本實施形態之氣體切割噴口100,由於不易發生表面變粗糙之脫鋅現象,故而濺射物不易附著。又,由於不易發生表面變脆之脫鋅現象,故而不易發生伴隨著去除附著之濺射物之清掃作業之內部芯棒1之形狀損傷。藉由該等效果,可較佳地減少氣體切割噴口100之氣體切斷性能之降低之發生。
According to the
以上,參照圖式,對本發明之一實施形態進行了詳細敍述,但具體之構成並不限於該實施形態,亦包含不脫離本發明之主旨之範圍之設計變更等。又,上述一實施形態及以下所示之變形例中表示之構成要素可適當組合而構成。 Above, one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and also includes design changes that do not depart from the scope of the spirit of the present invention. In addition, the constituent elements shown in the above-mentioned embodiment and the modified examples shown below can be combined as appropriate.
(變形例1) (Modification 1)
於上述實施形態中,使氣體切割噴口100之混合氣體噴出之部分之形狀為齒輪狀之狹縫部,但使混合氣體噴出之部分之形狀並不限定於此。使混合氣體噴出之部分之形狀亦可為配置於流通孔1a之周圍之6個小孔(梅花紋形)等。使混合氣體噴出之部分之形狀只要以包圍供切斷氧氣噴出之流通孔1a之周圍之方式形成,則可為任何形狀。
In the above embodiment, the shape of the portion where the mixed gas is ejected from the
(變形例2) (Modification 2)
於上述實施形態中,內部芯棒1之整體由耐脫鋅黃銅形成,但內部芯棒之態樣並不限定於此。關於內部芯棒1,只要濺射物易於附著之部位,例如內部芯棒之齒輪狀之狹縫部、或內部芯棒之前端部分、或內部芯棒之流通孔由耐脫鋅黃銅形成即可。
In the above embodiment, the entire
以下,藉由實施例而對本發明進一步具體地進行了說明,但本發明並不限定於以下之實施例。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
(實驗1) (Experiment 1)
進行氣體切割噴口之內部芯棒之耐久試驗。連續進行對鋼板之穿孔(開孔),當以目視發現預熱焰及切斷氧氣之流動變得不均勻(可見氣流變短等)時,判斷一定量之濺射物附著於內部芯棒等之氣體路徑,實施去除濺射物之清掃作業。而當即使實施清掃作業,預熱焰及切斷氧氣之流動仍不均勻時,判斷氣體切割噴口已達到製品壽命,測定至此為止之穿孔次數之合計次數。 Carry out the durability test of the inner core rod of the gas cutting nozzle. Continuous perforation (opening) of the steel plate. When the preheating flame and cutting off the flow of oxygen are found to be uneven (visible air flow becomes shorter, etc.), it is judged that a certain amount of sputter is attached to the inner core rod, etc. The gas path is used for cleaning operations to remove sputters. When the flow of preheating flame and cutting off oxygen is still uneven even if cleaning is performed, it is judged that the gas cutting nozzle has reached the life of the product, and the total number of perforations so far is measured.
表2表示用於耐久試驗之氣體切割噴口之內部芯棒之種類。比較例1係由耐脫鋅性不高之黃銅形成之先前之內部芯棒。比較例2係對比較例1之內部芯棒之流通孔實施鍍鉻之內部芯棒。實施例1係上述實施形態之內部芯棒1。
Table 2 shows the types of internal mandrels of gas cutting nozzles used for durability tests. Comparative Example 1 is the previous internal mandrel made of brass with low dezincification resistance. Comparative Example 2 is an internal mandrel in which the flow holes of the internal mandrel of Comparative Example 1 are chromium-plated. Example 1 is the
再者,於依據ISO6509之脫鋅腐蝕試驗中,實施例1之內部芯棒1由最大脫鋅深度50μm以下之黃銅形成。
Furthermore, in the dezincification corrosion test according to ISO6509, the
圖3表示穿孔次數之測定結果。結果為複數個樣本之計測結果之平均值。於先前品之比較例1中,至製品壽命為止之穿孔次數之平均值約為50次。另一方面,於實施例1中,至製品壽命為止之穿孔次數之平均值約為500次。相較於比較例1,實施例1的製品壽命大幅變長。據推斷,這是因為實施例1之內部芯棒1係由耐脫鋅黃銅形成,濺射物不易附著,此外在去除附著之濺射物時,內部芯棒1之形狀亦不易損傷,故而增長製品壽命。
Figure 3 shows the measurement results of the number of perforations. The result is the average of the measurement results of a plurality of samples. In Comparative Example 1 of the previous product, the average number of perforations until the life of the product was about 50 times. On the other hand, in Example 1, the average number of perforations until the life of the product was about 500 times. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the product life of Example 1 is significantly longer. It is inferred that this is because the
如圖3所示,於對內部芯棒之流通孔實施鍍鉻之比較例2中,至製品壽命為止之穿孔次數之平均值約為400次,相較於比較例1,製品壽命大幅變長。據推斷,這是因為藉由鍍鉻而使內部芯棒之表面之硬度提高,去除附著之濺射物時,內部芯棒之形狀不易損傷,故而增長製品壽命。然而,與實施例1之內部芯棒1相比之下,實施鍍鉻之比較例2之內部芯棒的製造成本更高。
As shown in FIG. 3, in Comparative Example 2 in which chromium plating is applied to the flow holes of the inner core rod, the average number of perforations until the product life is about 400, which is significantly longer than that of Comparative Example 1. It is inferred that this is because the surface hardness of the inner core rod is increased by chrome plating. When the adhered sputter is removed, the shape of the inner core rod is not easily damaged, thus increasing the life of the product. However, compared with the
(實驗2) (Experiment 2)
其次,測定直至需要進行氣體切割噴口之維修保養(附著之濺射物之去除)為止之穿孔次數。連續進行對鋼板之穿孔(開孔),當以目視發現預熱焰及切斷氧氣之流動變得不均勻(可見氣流變短等)時,判定為需要進行維修保養。實驗2中使用之氣體切割噴口之內部芯棒之種類與實驗1相同。
Secondly, measure the number of perforations until the need for maintenance of the gas cutting nozzle (removal of adhering sputters). Continuous perforation (opening) of the steel plate is carried out. When the flow of preheating flame and cutting off oxygen is found to be uneven (visible air flow becomes shorter, etc.), it is judged that maintenance is required. The type of the inner core rod of the gas cutting nozzle used in
實施維修保養之必要性之判定分為3個等級來進行。 The judgment of the necessity of maintenance is divided into three levels.
「維修保養等級1」係判定為需要進行外部噴口及內部芯棒之齒輪狀之狹縫部之維修保養之情況。
"
「維修保養等級2」係判定為維修保養等級1之維修保養不充分,進而亦需要進行內部芯棒之前端部分之維修保養之情況。
"
「維修保養等級3」係判定為維修保養等級2之維修保養不充分,進而亦需要進行內部芯棒之流通孔之維修保養之情況。
"
於圖4中,針對每個維修保養等級表示直至判定為需要進行維修保養為止之穿孔次數之測定結果。 In Fig. 4, the measurement results of the number of perforations until it is determined that maintenance is necessary for each maintenance level are shown.
如圖4所示,與比較例1及比較例2相比,於實施例1中,直至判定為需要進行維修保養為止之穿孔次數更多。尤其是於實施例1中,直至判定為需要進行維修保養等級3之維修保養為止之穿孔次數較多。據推斷,這是因為實施例1可較佳地防止濺射物附著於內部芯棒1之流通孔1a。
As shown in FIG. 4, compared with Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, in Example 1, the number of perforations until it is determined that maintenance is necessary is greater. In particular, in Example 1, the number of perforations until it is determined that the maintenance of the
(實驗3) (Experiment 3)
進行基於實際之氣體切斷之切斷面品質之評估之氣體切割噴口之內部芯棒之耐久試驗。於表3所示之切斷條件下進行氣體切斷。實驗3中使用之氣體切割噴口之內部芯棒之種類與實驗1相同。
Carry out the durability test of the inner core rod of the gas cutting nozzle based on the evaluation of the quality of the cut surface of the actual gas cutting. The gas shut-off was performed under the shut-off conditions shown in Table 3. The type of the inner core rod of the gas cutting nozzle used in
切斷面品質之評估於以下情形時必須進行:(a)每穿孔5次確認可見氣流之長度,可見氣流之長度極端地變短之情形,或(b)每穿孔25次之情形。 The quality of the cut surface must be evaluated in the following situations: (a) the length of the visible air flow is confirmed every 5 times of perforation, the length of the visible air flow is extremely shortened, or (b) the case of every 25 times of perforation.
於切斷面品質變差時,進行外部噴口及內部芯棒之齒輪狀之狹縫部(維修保養等級1)、內部芯棒之前端部分(維修保養等級2)、內部芯棒之流通孔(維修保養等級3)之維修保養,再次對切斷面品質進行評估。而當即使進行維修保養,切斷面品質仍不再改善之時點,判斷氣體切割噴口已達到製品壽命,測定至此為止之穿孔次數之合計次數。 When the quality of the cut surface deteriorates, perform the gear-shaped slit of the outer spout and the inner mandrel (maintenance level 1), the front end of the inner mandrel (maintenance level 2), and the circulation hole of the inner mandrel (maintenance level 2). For maintenance level 3), evaluate the quality of the cut surface again. When the quality of the cut surface is no longer improved even after maintenance, it is judged that the gas cutting nozzle has reached the life of the product, and the total number of perforations so far is measured.
圖5表示穿孔次數之測定結果。實施例1於基於切斷面品質之評估中,與比較例1相比,製品壽命亦大幅變長。考察得知,於實施例1中,內部芯棒1由耐脫鋅黃銅形成,濺射物不易附著,又,去除附著之濺射物時,內部芯棒1之形狀亦不易損傷,故而製品壽命變長。
Figure 5 shows the measurement results of the number of perforations. In the evaluation based on the quality of the cut surface in Example 1, compared with Comparative Example 1, the product life was significantly longer. According to investigation, in Example 1, the
表4表示實驗3中直至產生維修保養中無法去除之濺射物為止進行之穿孔次數。於任一情形時,產生無法去除之濺射物之後,判斷氣體切割噴口到達製品壽命。據推斷,這是因為無法去除之濺射物之產生對切斷面品質造成較大影響。且據推斷,就延長氣體切割噴口之製品壽命之方面,防止無法去除之濺射物附著而言是相當重要的。
Table 4 shows the number of perforations performed in
(實驗4) (Experiment 4)
其次,對內部芯棒之耐維修保養性能進行評估。於實驗4中,利用不鏽鋼製之噴口清潔針對內部芯棒之流通孔進行維修保養,每使噴口清潔針於流通孔內部往返10次,測定可見氣流之長度。測定直至與測定開始時相比可見氣流長
度變短為止之噴口清潔針之往返次數。於維修保養中,以僅流通孔之一處發生磨損之方式施加力。
Secondly, evaluate the maintenance-resistant performance of the internal core rod. In Experiment 4, the nozzle cleaning made of stainless steel was used to repair and maintain the flow hole of the inner core rod. The length of the visible air flow was measured every time the nozzle cleaning needle was reciprocated inside the
圖6表示測得之噴口清潔針之往返次數。比較例2及實施例1與比較例1相比,往返次數更多,即,對維修保養之耐久性更高。尤其是,考察得知,於比較例2中,表面因鍍鉻而變硬,故而耐久性提高。 Figure 6 shows the measured number of round trips of the nozzle cleaning needle. Compared with Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 have more reciprocating times, that is, higher durability for maintenance. In particular, the investigation revealed that in Comparative Example 2, the surface was hardened by chromium plating, so the durability was improved.
另一方面,關於作為氣體切割噴口之製品壽命,如實驗1至實驗3之結果所示,實施例1長於比較例2。即,據推斷,相較於比較例2之特徵的表面硬度,實施例1之特徵即耐脫鋅性之好壞對作為氣體切割噴口之製品壽命而言更重要。
On the other hand, regarding the product life as a gas cutting nozzle, as shown in the results of
(實驗5) (Experiment 5)
作為參考,對關於先前之氣體切割噴口中發生之脫鋅現象之實驗結果進行說明。 For reference, the experimental results about the dezincification phenomenon that occurred in the gas cutting nozzle are explained.
於加熱前及加熱後(10分鐘後及20分鐘後)進行由耐脫鋅性不高之黃銅形成之先前之內部芯棒之成分分析。內部芯棒藉由與使用丙烷氣體切斷鋼板時相同之構成及順序而進行加熱。 Before heating and after heating (10 minutes and 20 minutes later), the composition analysis of the previous internal core rod made of brass with low dezincification resistance was carried out. The inner core rod is heated by the same configuration and procedure as when the steel plate is cut using propane gas.
將分析結果示於表5中。因加熱而減少鋅(Zn)之成分、增加銅(Cu)之成分。這是因為因加熱而於內部芯棒發生由鋅之蒸發氧化所導致之脫鋅現象。認為內部芯棒之表面部分與表5所示之成分分析之結果相比,更顯著地發生脫鋅現象。 The analysis results are shown in Table 5. Due to heating, the composition of zinc (Zn) is reduced and the composition of copper (Cu) is increased. This is because dezincification caused by the evaporation and oxidation of zinc occurs in the inner core rod due to heating. It is considered that the dezincification phenomenon occurred more significantly in the surface part of the inner core rod compared with the result of the component analysis shown in Table 5.
本發明可適用於使用丙烷氣體、LNG等烴系氣體或氫氣等氣體之氣體切割噴口。 The invention can be applied to gas cutting nozzles that use hydrocarbon gases such as propane gas, LNG, or gases such as hydrogen.
100:氣體切割噴口 100: Gas cutting nozzle
1:內部芯棒 1: Internal core rod
1a:流通孔 1a: Flow hole
1b:山部 1b: Yamabe
1c:槽 1c: slot
1g:外表面 1g: outer surface
1gt:前端部外表面 1gt: Outer surface of front end
2:外部噴口 2: External spout
2n:內表面 2n: inner surface
2ns:前端部內表面 2ns: the inner surface of the tip
3:通路 3: access
5:噴口金屬件 5: spout metal parts
5a:切斷氧氣口 5a: Cut off the oxygen port
5b:預熱氧氣口 5b: Preheating oxygen port
5c:燃燒氣體口 5c: Combustion gas port
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TW201925683A (en) | 2019-07-01 |
JP2019100561A (en) | 2019-06-24 |
KR20200064155A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
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