TWI739137B - Cultural fish ponds with a water circulation system - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention provides an aquaculture pond design, in particular to a breeding pond suitable for freshwater and seawater culture with a circulating water system, which is arranged near the coast and the river channel, and each unit has a plurality of pools in the array of the ponds of the circulating water system, each unit comprises a plurality of culture ponds and at least one sedimentation tank and a storage tank, when the culture pond needs to be drained and exchanged for water, the discharged sewage is first introduced into the sediment, and then the settled clear water is introduced into the storage tank, and the water in the storage tank can be used later. The supplementary water of each breeding pond is used to maintain the water quality of the culture pond and the recycling of the culture pond water.

Description

Aquaculture pond with integrated circulating water system

The present invention relates to a design of aquaculture ponds, in particular to aquaculture ponds with the function of a circulating water system that can be installed independently or intensively. The feature is that it is convenient for operators to perform regular and quantitative sewage and water exchange operations. The implementation of sewage operations involves multiple breeding ponds The discharged sewage flows into the sedimentation tank of the circulating pool for sedimentation and filtration, and then the clear water, sediment and organic matter are recycled to achieve the purpose of maintaining the quality of the aquaculture pond and the recycling and reuse of water resources, and avoiding external pollution. And to prevent group infections.

As you know, traditional aquaculture ponds are generally divided into freshwater and saltwater aquaculture ponds. In saltwater aquaculture, seawater is drawn from the sea or the seawater is drawn in proportion to the fresh water and provided as aquaculture water. There are two ways to take water for freshwater aquaculture: first The species is obtained by diversion methods of ditches or rivers. In order to easily obtain aquaculture water from ditches or rivers, most of their breeding ponds are set up near ditches or rivers with water sources; the second is obtained by extracting groundwater for water supply. The breeding grounds are far away from ditches and rivers, or those who intend to obtain cleaner and safer water.

Regardless of the traditional freshwater or saltwater aquaculture ponds, the excrement, residual feed, zooplankton and plant debris of the cultured organisms are generally deposited on the bottom of the pond day by day, and then decayed and deteriorated, which will lead to the deterioration of the water quality in the pond, thereby endangering the health of the cultured organisms. , Therefore, the aquaculture industry must need Regular and quantitative sewage discharge and water change are expected to maintain a better pond water quality and facilitate the growth of aquaculture organisms.

Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2. The drainage design of traditional culture ponds in the past is tied to the traditional culture pond (1) with a pond water discharge outlet (11) at the bottom of the pond, and a pond water discharge outlet (11) at the bottom of the pond. Extending to the outside of the levee, there is a bottom drainage pipe (12), and its end is designed as a bottom drainage pipe outlet (13) that is bent upwards, and a movable type is additionally provided next to the bottom drainage pipe outlet (13). An anti-draining water sleeve (14), the height of the upright top of the movable water anti-draining sleeve (14) is higher than the water surface of the pool.

In implementation, when the mobile water blocking sleeve (14) is placed above the outlet (13) of the drain pipe at the bottom of the pool, the drainage will be blocked. On the contrary, when the mobile water blocking sleeve (14) is removed, it will be fine. The sewage and sludge in the central area of the traditional breeding pond (1) are discharged, and then drained and discharged to nearby ditches or rivers (15) or discharged back into the sea.

Regarding the sewage discharge design of traditional aquaculture ponds, in addition to the direct discharge of pollution sources, the pond itself has the disadvantage of leaving residual harm. The main reason is that after the sewage discharge is completed, the mobile water blocking pipe (14) is used in the The drainage pipe outlet (13) at the bottom of the pool directly blocks its drainage, but at this time, there are still many sludge and some organic substances mixed in the drainage pipe (12) at the bottom of the pool.

Generally, there is a length of more than 20 meters between the bottom drain pipe outlet (13) and the central pond water discharge port (11) of a traditional culture pond, but at this time, the diameter of the bottom drain pipe (12) belongs to Anoxic state will accelerate the decay of these organic substances, that is, promote the breeding, reproduction and proliferation of anaerobic bacteria and viruses, and will follow the bottom drainage pipe (12) to the pool water discharge outlet (11) in the center of the pool. Spilling into the pond water will make the quality of the pond water worse, which in turn will harm the cultured organisms in the entire pond.

Among the above-mentioned two methods of taking fresh water from traditional freshwater or saltwater aquaculture ponds, there are those who draw water from ditches and rivers, and those who draw groundwater, but both have hidden concerns. The former is to take water from ditches and rivers, but because of its necessity Regularly implement sewage and water exchange work, but the sewage discharged The water must be drained back into the nearby ditches or rivers, and then supplemented by pumping water from the ditches, rivers or seawater channels. If the sewage is repeatedly discharged and pumped, some sewage will definitely be pumped into the aquaculture pond, which will affect The quality of the pond water and the results of aquaculture.

To make matters worse, the area often gathers a large number of farmers, all of whom discharge sewage to each other in the same way, and then pump the sewage back into the breeding pond. If there is an epidemic, it will cause a collective infection, which will cause heavy losses to the entire breeding area. .

Another person who extracts groundwater will have the hidden worry of site subsidence, which will cause hard-to-repair damage to the country. According to investigations, the Changhua area in Taiwan has sunk 2.5 meters in recent years, while the Pingtung area has sunk 3.4 meters. And every year, the subsidence continues at a height of about 7.5 cm and 9.0 cm. The cumulative subsidence area in Taiwan is equal to 10 Taipei City, and the continuous subsidence area in Taiwan is about 286 square kilometers, which shows the seriousness of the stratum subsidence.

As explained above, traditional aquaculture ponds will leave after-effects on the pond itself after the sewage is discharged. The present invention provides an innovative solution, especially the sewage discharge process or method of the aquaculture pond is provided with a working platform above the center of the aquaculture pond. At the corresponding position of the pool water discharge port, there is a lifting frame and a water stop plug that can close the pool water discharge port.

The operation method is that the worker stands on the working platform and raises the water stop plug above the pool water discharge port through the lifting frame, and the sewage starts to be discharged. After the proper amount is discharged, the water stop plug is lowered to block the pool water discharge port. Then the sewage will stop discharging, and the discharged sludge and sewage will be led into the drainage ditch and flow into the sedimentation tank of the circulating pool. It has nothing to do with the culture tank. Each culture tank controls the embolism lifting frame that controls the rise and fall of the water stop plug. The water stop plug can be driven by an electric drive connected electrically and controlled by a control switch set at the side of the pond, thereby replacing the working bridge, working platform and plug lifting frame.

Regarding the fresh water inflow of each breeding unit of the breeding pond, the present invention is to excavate one or more ponds in the inland area of the breeding pond, which can store rainwater or introduce river water, and its capacity is at least sufficient for the single circulating water system breeding pond. It is best to set up the pond at the farthest point to the inland. This is to continue to provide freshwater aquaculture water when you want to continue to increase aquaculture units to the inland and the left and right sides in the future. The storage water of the pond can be introduced into the breeding pond through the diversion channel, so as to be provided to each breeding pond for use.

In order to avoid the discharge of sewage into nearby ditches, rivers or oceans during the regular discharge and water change of traditional breeding ponds, the water from the ditches, rivers or seawater channels needs to be pumped to supplement the pond water. There is a concern about the safety of unclean water sources. Therefore, the design of the present invention adopts the circulating water mode, that is, the sewage discharged every time the sewage is discharged and the water is changed is introduced into the sedimentation tank, and the clear water is injected into the storage tank after precipitation and filtration. As supplementary water for the aquaculture pond, it can achieve the recycling of the aquaculture pond water.

The remaining silt and organic matter in the above-mentioned breeding ponds are classified and separated, and they are all recycled. According to this, the pond breeding method designed by the present invention will not discharge pollution to the outside world, and there is no need to send organic waste to incineration. Furnace combustion is a new invention with the concepts of energy saving, carbon reduction and environmental protection.

The integrated circulating water system breeding pond of the present invention can arrange a plurality of single circulating water system breeding ponds adjacent to each other to form an integrated circulating water system breeding pond.

The culturing pond of the integrated circulating water system of the present invention is used for cultivating saltwater organisms. On one side of the storage tank, a fresh water sump, a sea water sump and a salt regulating injection pond are respectively provided, and fresh water or sea water can be transported as fresh water respectively. The water pipes and seawater delivery pipes are first introduced into the fresh water collection tank and sea water collection tank for backup water collection. When salt water is needed, a certain proportion of fresh water and salt water can be pumped into the regulating injection tank for adjustment when salt water is needed. Afterwards, it is diverted to the aquaculture ponds that need to be supplemented or changed.

(1): Traditional breeding pond

(11): Pool water discharge port

(12): Pool bottom drain

(13): Outlet of the drain pipe at the bottom of the pool

(14): Movable anti-drain water casing

(15): Ditch or river

(2): Coastal

(21): Coastal

(3): Circulating water system breeding pond

(30): Integrated circulating water system breeding pond

(31): Aquaculture pond

(311): Pool water drain

(312): Pool bottom drain

(32): Sedimentation tank

(321): Pool water sludge separation tank

(33): Reservoir

(34): Freshwater Catchment

(35): Seawater Catchment

(36): Adjust the injection pool

(361): shunt pipe

(37): Freshwater diversion channel

(371): Gate

(372): Fresh water pipe

(38): Seawater diversion channel

(381): Gate

(382): Sea water pipe

(39): Sewage drainage ditch

(4): Working air bridge

(41): Work platform

(42): Embolic lifting frame

(43): Water stop plug

(44): Control switch

(45): Electrical drive

(5): Water storage pond

(51): Water diversion channel

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a traditional culture pond.

Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the section of the traditional culture pond of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of a breeding pond with a single circulating water system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a single pond in a breeding pond of the integrated circulating water system of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is another embodiment of the water stop plug for the cultivation pond of the integrated circulating water system of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of the fresh water collecting basin, sea water collecting basin and regulating injection basin set in the breeding pond of the integrated circulating water system of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the breeding pond of the integrated circulating water system of Fig. 6 of the present invention with fresh water collection pool, sea water collection pool and adjustment water injection pool.

Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a breeding pond of the integrated circulating water system of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 3 and 8, the present invention is suitable to be installed near the coast (2) adjacent to the coastal (21) integrated circulating water system breeding pond, which is mainly an independent operation of the circulating water system breeding pond ( 3) And an integrated circulating water system breeding pond (30) composed of a plurality of independent circulating water system breeding ponds (3).

The above-mentioned individual circulated water system cultivation ponds (3), which include a plurality of separately separated cultivation ponds (31) arranged in an array, and a set of circulating ponds, the circulating ponds including at least one sedimentation pond (32) and at least one The water storage tank (33) and a fresh water diversion channel (37) and a seawater diversion channel (38) respectively located on both sides of the single circulating water system breeding pond (3), and the sedimentation tank (32) and the storage tank (33) are associated with each breeding pond (3). A plurality of sewage drainage ditches (39) are respectively arranged between the pools (31).

The above-mentioned fresh water intake channel (37) and sea water intake channel (38) are provided with gates (371, 381) at each end to control the introduction of fresh water or seawater into the fresh water intake channel (37) and seawater intake channel (38) or by Each of the water diversion channels discharges excess fresh water or sea water to the coast (2).

As shown in Figure 4, each of the above-mentioned breeding ponds (31) has a pond water discharge outlet (311) near the center of the pond bottom, and extends from the pond water discharge outlet (311) to the sewage drainage ditch (39) at the bottom of the pond , Is provided with a pool bottom drainage pipe (312), and each pool bottom drainage pipe (312) is connected to the sewage drainage ditch (39).

As shown in Figure 4, each of the above-mentioned culture ponds (31) has a working bridge (4) extending to the center of the pond. The end of the working bridge (4) is a working platform (41), and the working platform ( 41) A plug lifting frame (42) is provided corresponding to the pool water discharge port (311), and a water stop plug (43) is provided at the bottom of the plug lifting frame (42) corresponding to the top of the pool water discharge port (311).

Referring to Figure 5, each of the above-mentioned breeding ponds (31), the embolic lifting frame (42) that controls the rising and falling of the water stop plug (43) can be electrically connected and controlled by a control switch (44 The electric driver (45) controlled by) drives the water stop plug (43) to replace the working bridge (4), the working platform (41) and the plug lifting frame (42).

Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7, the single circulating water system of the present invention is a breeding pond. The sedimentation tank (32) and the storage tank (33) are provided with a water sludge separation tank (321), and two storage tanks (33). A fresh water sump (34), a sea water sump (35), and an adjustable injection sump (36) on the ground with an appropriate height are provided on the side and one end respectively.

The fresh water diversion channel (37) and seawater diversion channel (38) are respectively provided with a fresh water delivery pipe (372) and a sea water delivery pipe ( 382).

The above-mentioned regulating injection pool (36), in addition to the function of transporting water with water pressure, also serves as a salt regulating pool for adjusting the proportion of fresh water and seawater. There is a shunt pipe (361), which diverts the culture brine with adjusted salt content from the shunt pipe (361) to the culture pond that needs to be supplemented or changed to achieve sewage discharge and water change.

In the culturing pond of the integrated circulating water system of the present invention, if the cultivation of freshwater organisms is implemented, the fresh water is introduced from the fresh water diversion channel (37) through the fresh water pipe (372) to the fresh water collecting tank (34) and pumped into the regulating injection tank (36), The water pressure generated by the height can be used to transport the fresh water through the shunt pipe (361) to the aquaculture pond (31) that needs to be supplemented and changed.

In the culturing pond of the integrated circulating water system of the present invention, if salt water organisms are cultivated, seawater is mixed with fresh water to adjust the salinity in different proportions according to the growth period of the organisms, and the fresh water is pumped into the regulating injection pool (36) as described above (the regulating injection pool) (36) In addition to the function of transporting water with water pressure, it is also used as a salt adjustment pool for adjusting the proportion of fresh water and seawater.] At the same time, the seawater diversion channel (38) will be introduced into the seawater collection through the seawater pipe (382). The pool (35) is pumped into the regulating injection pool (36) and adjusted according to the salt ratio required during the growth period of the cultured organisms.

The integrated circulating water system breeding pond of the present invention is attached to the working platform (41) of each breeding pond (31) whenever each breeding pond (31) needs to drain and change water. When the stop plug (43) is raised, the sludge and sewage will flow from the bottom drain pipe (312) into the sewage drain pipe (35) and lead into the sedimentation tank (32). The sewage and sludge are settled and filtered before The fresh water is injected into the storage tank (33), which can be used as supplementary water for each breeding tank in the future.

The above-mentioned pool water sludge separation tank (321) can lead the clear water settled in the sedimentation tank (32) to the storage tank (33), and the silt and organic matter can be recycled and reused after classification and separation.

With reference to Figure 8, the integrated circulating water system culture pond of the present invention arranges a plurality of independent circulating water system culture ponds (3) vertically, and separates the fresh water diversion channel (37) or the seawater diversion channel (38) The gates (371, 381) are connected to each other, and are combined to form a breeding pond (30) in an integrated circulating water system.

Referring to Figures 3 and 8, the circulating water system culture pond (3) or the integrated circulating water system culture pond (30) of the present invention can be extended with a water storage pond ( 5), for storing fresh water in the water storage pond (5), and in the independent circulating water system breeding pond (3) or the integrated circulating water system breeding pond (30) when supplementary water is required, the storage pond (5) The storage water of the pond (5) is introduced and supplied through the diversion channel (51) and the fresh water diversion channel (37).

(2): Coastal

(21): Coastal

(3): Single circulating water system breeding pond

(31): Aquaculture pond

(32): Sedimentation tank

(33): Reservoir

(37): Freshwater diversion channel

(371): Gate

(38): Seawater diversion channel

(381): Gate

(39): Sewage drainage ditch

(4): Working air bridge

(41): Work platform

(44): Control switch

(5): Water storage pond

(51): Water diversion channel

Claims (2)

A kind of integrated circulating water system breeding pond, which is a plurality of independent circulating water system breeding ponds (3) arranged longitudinally, with fresh water diversion channel (37) or seawater diversion channel (38) and separate gates (371) , 381) are each connected to the adjacent independent circulating water system breeding pond (3), and combined to form an integrated circulating water system breeding pond (30), each of which can operate independently of the circulating water system breeding pond (3) , Which includes a plurality of separately separated aquaculture ponds (31) arranged in an array, and a set of circulating ponds, the circulating ponds including at least one sedimentation pond (32), at least one storage pond (33) and are respectively set in a single circulating water system for breeding A fresh water intake channel (37) and a seawater intake channel (38) on both sides of the pond (3); the above-mentioned circulating water system breeding pond (3) and integrated circulating water system breeding pond (30), which can be drained from the outside The road (51) is extended with a water storage pond (5) for storing fresh water in the water storage pond (5) at ordinary times, and in independent circulating water system breeding ponds (3) or integrated circulating water system breeding ponds ( 30) When supplementary water supply is required, the water stored in the water storage pond (5) is introduced and supplied through the diversion channel (51) and the fresh water diversion channel (37); the above-mentioned sedimentation tank (32) and storage tank (33), which are There is a plurality of sewage drainage ditches (39) between each breeding pond (31), and there is a water sludge separation tank (321) between the sedimentation tank (32) and the storage tank (33), which can pass through the sedimentation tank ( 32) The settled clean water is introduced into the storage tank (33), and the silt and organic matter are recovered and reused after being classified and separated; the above-mentioned storage tank (33) has a fresh water collection tank (34) and a sea water collection tank (34) on both sides and one end. The pool (35) and an adjustable injection pool (36) with an appropriate height on the ground. The adjustable injection pool (36) is provided with a shunt pipe (361) between it and each breeding pool (31), which will be adjusted The salted aquaculture brine is diverted by the shunt pipe (361) to the aquaculture pond that needs to be supplemented or changed to achieve sewage discharge and water change. The above-mentioned fresh water collection tank (34) and adjustment injection tank (36) can be used to introduce fresh water into the fresh water collection tank (34) through the fresh water diversion channel (37) through the fresh water pipe (372) when the freshwater organisms are cultivated. By pumping into the regulating injection tank (36), the water pressure generated by its height can be used to transport fresh water to the culture tank (31) that needs to be supplemented and changed; the above-mentioned seawater collecting tank (35) and regulating injection tank (36) can be In the implementation of the cultivation of saltwater organisms, in addition to the fresh water diversion channel (37) through the fresh water pipe (372), the fresh water is introduced into the fresh water collection tank (34) and pumped into the regulating injection tank (36), and at the same time, the seawater diversion channel (38) ) Through the sea water delivery pipe (382), the sea water is introduced into the sea water collection tank (35) and pumped into the adjustment injection pool (36), adjusted according to the salt ratio required during the growth period of the cultured organisms; the above fresh water diversion channel (37) and sea water introduction Waterway (38), with gates (371, 381) at each end to control the introduction of fresh water or seawater into the freshwater diversion channel (37) and seawater diversion channel (38) or the excess fresh water or seawater from each diversion channel Lead out and discharge to the coast (2), the fresh water diversion channel (37) and seawater diversion channel (38), which are connected to the fresh water collection tank (34) and a sea water collection tank (35) under the ground, respectively Water pipe (372) and sea water delivery pipe (382); each of the above-mentioned breeding ponds (31) has a pond water discharge outlet (311) near the center of the pond bottom, and extends from the pond water discharge outlet (311) to the sewage at the bottom of the pond At the drainage ditch (39), there is a pool bottom drainage pipe (312), and each pool bottom drainage pipe (312) is connected to the sewage drainage ditch (39); each of the above-mentioned breeding ponds (31) has a rack to the center of the pool The extended working bridge (4), the end of the working bridge (4) is a working platform (41), the working platform (41) is provided with a plug lifting frame (42) corresponding to the pool water discharge port (311), and the plug lifting A water stop plug (43) is provided at the bottom of the frame (42) corresponding to the top of the pool water discharge port (311); Whenever each culture pond (31) needs to drain and change water, it is attached to the working platform (41) of each culture pond (31), and the plug lifting frame (42) is operated to raise the end stop plug (43), then The sludge and sewage flow into the sewage drainage ditch (39) from the bottom drain pipe (312) and lead into the sedimentation tank (32). After the sewage and sludge are settled and filtered, fresh water is injected into the storage tank (33). Prepared as supplementary water for each breeding pond (31) in the future. The integrated circulating water system breeding pond according to claim 1, wherein the water stop plug (43) is provided with an electrical connection and an electrical driver (45) controlled by a control switch (44) set at the side of the pond. , According to which the water stop plug (43) is driven to move up and down.

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