TWI682985B - 有機發光裝置 - Google Patents
有機發光裝置 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI682985B TWI682985B TW103123904A TW103123904A TWI682985B TW I682985 B TWI682985 B TW I682985B TW 103123904 A TW103123904 A TW 103123904A TW 103123904 A TW103123904 A TW 103123904A TW I682985 B TWI682985 B TW I682985B
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005104 aryl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005103 alkyl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004475 heteroaralkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005241 heteroarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004986 diarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005240 diheteroarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005343 heterocyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- -1 C1-C4 oxylakyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 7
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carbazol-9-yl-n,n-bis(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NDBCGHNTWCYIIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium(3+);1-phenylisoquinoline Chemical compound [Ir+3].[C-]1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12.[C-]1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12.[C-]1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 NDBCGHNTWCYIIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BFTIPCRZWILUIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5,8,11-tetratert-butylperylene Chemical group CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C2=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=3C2=C2C=C(C=3)C(C)(C)C)=C3C2=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC3=C1 BFTIPCRZWILUIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPTWEDZIPSKWDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid;dodecane Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCCCCCCCCC LPTWEDZIPSKWDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005266 diarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006735 (C1-C20) heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IWZZBBJTIUYDPZ-DVACKJPTSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;iridium;2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound [Ir].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.[C-]1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.[C-]1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 IWZZBBJTIUYDPZ-DVACKJPTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n-diphenyl-4-n,4-n-bis[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGGKVJMNFFSDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-n-[4-[4-(n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 OGGKVJMNFFSDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXWWMGJBPGRWRS-CMDGGOBGSA-N 4- -2-tert-butyl-6- -4h-pyran Chemical compound O1C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C1\C=C\C1=CC(C(CCN2CCC3(C)C)(C)C)=C2C3=C1 HXWWMGJBPGRWRS-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MAGFQRLKWCCTQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-ethenylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 MAGFQRLKWCCTQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OSQXTXTYKAEHQV-WXUKJITCSA-N 4-methyl-n-[4-[(e)-2-[4-[4-[(e)-2-[4-(4-methyl-n-(4-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]ethenyl]phenyl]phenyl]ethenyl]phenyl]-n-(4-methylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(\C=C\C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC(\C=C\C=3C=CC(=CC=3)N(C=3C=CC(C)=CC=3)C=3C=CC(C)=CC=3)=CC=2)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 OSQXTXTYKAEHQV-WXUKJITCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIVZFUBWFAOMCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-(3-methylphenyl)-1-n,1-n-bis[4-(n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]-4-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 DIVZFUBWFAOMCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOTWSJMHEOYLJR-FATRJMOWSA-N CCCc1c(C)ccc(N(C(CCC(C2)C(CC3c4c5cccc4)=CC=C3N5c3nc(C4=CC=C[I]=C4)c(cccc4)c4n3)=C2/C2=C/C)/C2=C/C)c1 Chemical compound CCCc1c(C)ccc(N(C(CCC(C2)C(CC3c4c5cccc4)=CC=C3N5c3nc(C4=CC=C[I]=C4)c(cccc4)c4n3)=C2/C2=C/C)/C2=C/C)c1 AOTWSJMHEOYLJR-FATRJMOWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000837344 Homo sapiens T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001602876 Nata Species 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical group [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100028692 T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000852 azido group Chemical group *N=[N+]=[N-] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003739 carbamimidoyl group Chemical group C(N)(=N)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001716 carbazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YPHMISFOHDHNIV-FSZOTQKASA-N cycloheximide Chemical compound C1[C@@H](C)C[C@H](C)C(=O)[C@@H]1[C@H](O)CC1CC(=O)NC(=O)C1 YPHMISFOHDHNIV-FSZOTQKASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004446 heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000717 hydrazino group Chemical group [H]N([*])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005638 hydrazono group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MILUBEOXRNEUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium(3+) Chemical compound [Ir+3] MILUBEOXRNEUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMKMFBIYHXBKRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;quinoline-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Li+].C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 IMKMFBIYHXBKRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YPJRZWDWVBNDIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diphenyl-4-[2-[4-[4-[2-[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]ethenyl]phenyl]phenyl]ethenyl]aniline Chemical group C=1C=C(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C=CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C=CC(C=C1)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 YPJRZWDWVBNDIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1029—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom
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- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
- H10K85/633—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
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- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
- H10K85/636—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising heteroaromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
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Abstract
Description
本發明之實施例是有關於一種有機發光裝置。
期望能製造出薄且輕量化之監視器及電視。因此,陰極射線管(CRT)被液晶顯示器(LCD)取代。然而,液晶顯示器為必須提供分離背光以顯示影像的非發光型裝置且可能具有受限的反應時間及受限的視角之缺點。
接續上述,有機發光二極體(OLED)顯示器已發展成具有廣視角、傑出的對比度、以及快速的反應時間之優點的顯示裝置。
有機發光裝置包含彼此相對的二電極及設置於二電極之間的有機層。在有機發光二極體裝置中,從一電極注入的電子及從另一電極注入的電洞彼此結合於發光層,從而產生激子,並從激子中放出能量而發光。有機發光裝置可被應用於包括顯示裝置及照明系統之各種領域。
本發明之實施例是關於一種有機發光裝置,其包含彼此相對之第一電極及第二電極、以及位於第一電極及第二電極之間的有機層。有機層包含
位於第一電極上之輔助層、以及位於輔助層上之發光層。輔助層包含由化學式1表示之化合物:
其中,於化學式1中,L1及L2係獨立選自於下列群組:胺基(amino group)、硝基(nitro group)、腈基(nitrile group)、C1至C40烷基(alkyl group)、C2至C40烯基(alkenyl group)、C2至C40炔基(alkynyl group)、C5至C40芳香基(aryl group)、C1至C40雜芳基(heteroaryl group)、C1至C40烷氧基(alkoxy group)、C5至C40芳氧基(aryloxy group)、C1至C40烷基胺基(alkylamino group)、C5至C40芳胺基(arylamino group)、C5至C40二芳胺基(diarylamino group)、C5至C40雜芳胺基(heteroarylamino group)、C2至C40二雜芳胺基(diheteroarylamino group)、C6至C40芳烷基(arylalkyl group)、C6至C40雜芳烷基(heteroarylalkyl group)、C3至C40環烷基(cycloalkyl group)、C1至C40鹵烷基(halogenalkyl group)、C3至C40雜環烷基(heterocycloalkyl group)、C3至C40烷矽基(alkylsilyl group)、C3至C40芳矽基(arylsilyl group)、以及C3至C40雜芳矽基(heteroarylsilyl group),R1及R2係獨立選自於下列群組:胺基、硝基、腈基、C1至C40烷基、C2至C40烯基、C2至C40炔基、C5至C40芳香基、C1至C40雜芳基、C1至C40烷氧基、C5至C40芳氧基、C1至C40烷基胺基、C5至C40芳胺基、C5至C40二芳胺基、C5至C40雜芳胺基、C2至C40二雜芳胺基、C6至C40芳烷基、C6至C40雜芳烷基、C3至C40
環烷基、C1至C40鹵烷基、C3至C40雜環烷基、C3至C40烷矽基、C3至C40芳矽基、以及C3至C40雜芳矽基,且n係為0或1。
由化學式1表示之化合物中,n可為0,且R1及R2可縮合為相鄰取代基或R1及R2可形成環。
發光層可包含主體材料,其包含由下列化學式2表示之化合物:
其中,於化學式2中,R1至R3係為選自於下列群組:胺基、硝基、腈基、C1至C40烷基、C2至C40烯基、C2至C40炔基、C5至C40芳香基、C1至C40雜芳基、C1至C40烷氧基、C5至C40芳氧基、C1至C40烷基胺基、C5至C40芳胺基、C5至C40二芳胺基、C5至C40雜
芳胺基、C2至C40二雜芳胺基、C6至C40芳烷基、C6至C40雜芳烷基、C3至C40環烷基、C1至C40鹵烷基、C3至C40雜環烷基、C3至C40烷矽基、C3至C40芳矽基、以及C3至C40雜芳矽基。
R1至R3可縮合為相鄰取代基或可形成環。
發光層可進一步包含摻雜材料。
摻雜材料可包含紅色摻雜材料、綠色摻雜材料、或藍色摻雜材料。
第一電極可為陽極,且第二電極可為陰極。
有機層可包含位於第一電極及輔助層之間的電洞注入層(HIL)輔助層、位於電洞注入層(HIL)及輔助層之間的電洞傳輸層(HTL)輔助層、以及位
於發光層及第二電極之間的電子傳輸層(ETL)。
100‧‧‧第一電極
200‧‧‧有機層
210‧‧‧電洞注入層
220‧‧‧電洞傳輸層
230‧‧‧輔助層
240‧‧‧發光層
250‧‧‧電子傳輸層
300‧‧‧第二電極
本發明之特徵將透過參照發明圖式之例示性實施例的詳細說明而對所屬領域之通常知識者而言變得更加顯著,其中:第1圖係為根據例示性實施例而繪示的有機發光裝置之視圖。
第2圖係為根據第1至第7例示性實施例而繪示的有機發光裝置與根據比較性範例的有機發光裝置之功率及發光度曲線。
以下將參照圖式而更完整地說明例示性實施例;然而,本發明可以不同形式實施且應理解為不受限於此所闡述之實施例。相反地,這些實施例將會完整的揭露並且完全地傳達例式性實施例給所屬領域之通常知識者。
在圖式中,層及區域之尺寸可為了清楚而誇大。當層或元件被指為「位於其他層或基板上」時,將理解為可直接地位於其他層或基板上、或也可存在中間層。另外,亦將理解的是,當層被指為「位於兩層之間」時,其可為位於兩層之間的唯一層,或也可存在一或多個中間層。在整篇說明書中,相同的元件符號可表示相同的元件。
在本發明之例示性實施例中,除非另有指示,「取代(substituted)」表示化合物之氫原子被下列所選的取代基所取代:鹵素(氟、溴、氯、或碘)、氫氧基(hydroxyl group)、烷氧基、硝基、氰基(cyano group)、胺基、疊氮基(azido group)、甲脒基(amidino group)、肼基(hydrazino group)、亞肼基(hydrazono group)、羰基(carbonyl group)、胺甲醯基(carbamyl group)、硫醇基(thiol group)、酯基(ester
group)、羧基(carboxyl group)或其鹽類、磺酸基(sulfonic acid group)或其鹽類、磷酸基(phosphoric acid group)或其鹽類、烷基、C2-C16烯基、C2-C16炔基、芳香基、C7-C13芳烷基、C1-C4氧烷基(oxylakyl group)、C1-C20雜烷基(heteroalkyl group)、C3-C20雜芳基烷基(heteroaryl alkyl group)、環烷基、C3-C15環烯基(cycloalkenyl group)、C6-C15環炔基(cycloalkynyl group)、雜環烷基(heterocycloalkyl group)、以及以上組合。
並且,除非另有指示,「雜環(hetero)」意指包含選自氮、氧、硫、及磷之中的一至三個雜原子。
在圖式中,元件之厚度及/或相對厚度可為了清楚說明實施例而誇大。並且,有關位置的詞句,例如「上部」、「下部」等係用以更加清楚,而非限制元件之間的絕對位置。
將參照第1圖而詳細說明根據例示性實施例之有機發光裝置。
第1圖係根據例示性實施例顯示有機發光裝置之視圖。
請參照第1圖,根據例示性實施例呈現一種有機發光裝置,可包含第一電極100、與第一電極100相對之第二電極300、及設置於第一電極100及第二電極300之間的有機層200。
基板(未顯示)可設置於第一電極100之一側或第二電極300之一側。基板可包含玻璃、聚合物、或其結合物。
第一電極100可為陽極,且第二電極300可為陰極。第一電極100及第二電極300可為透光性或非透光性電極。例如,第一電極100及第二電極300可為由氧化銦錫(indium tin oxide,ITO)、氧化銦鈦(indium zinc oxide,IZO)、或其結合物形成的透光性電極,或可為由鋁(Al)、銀(Ag)、鎂(Mg)、或其結合物形成的非透光性電極。
有機層200可包含依序設置於第一電極100上的電洞注入層(HIL)210、電洞傳輸層(HTL)220、輔助層230、發光層240、以及電子傳輸層(ETL)250。
電洞注入層(HIL)210及電洞傳輸層(HTL)220可設置於第一電極100及發光層240之間,使電洞可輕易地由第一電極100發射至發光層240。
電洞注入層(HIL)210可由電洞注入材料形成。舉例而言,電洞注入材料可以例如為銅酞青素或其類似物的酞青素化合物、4,4',4"-三(3-甲基苯基苯基胺基)三苯胺(4,4',4”-tris(3-methylphenylphenylamino)triphenylamine,m-MTDATA)、N,N'-二(1-萘基)-N,N'-二苯基聯苯胺(N,N'-di(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenylbenzidine,NPB)、TDATA、2T-NATA、聚苯胺/十二烷基苯磺酸:聚苯胺/十二烷基苯磺酸(polyaniline/dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid:polyaniline/dodecylbenzene sulfonicm acid,Pani/DBSA)、聚(3,4-伸乙二氧基塞吩)/聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸酯):聚(3,4-伸乙二氧基塞吩)/聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸酯)(poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrene sulfonate):poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrene sulfonate),PEDOT/PSS)、聚苯胺/樟腦磺酸:聚苯胺/樟腦磺酸(polyaniline/camphor sulfonic acid:polyaniline/camphor sulfonic acid,Pani/CSA)、或(聚苯胺)/聚(4-苯乙烯磺酸酯)((polyaniline)/poly(4-styrene sulfonate),Pani/PSS)。
電洞傳輸層(HTL)220可包含電洞傳輸材料。例如,電洞傳輸材料可以為例如N-苯基咔唑(N-phenylcarbazole)、聚乙烯咔唑(polyvinylcarbazole)、或其類似物的咔唑衍生物、以及為具有芳族縮合環之胺類衍生物,例如NPB、N,N'-二(3-甲基苯基)-N,N'二苯基-[1,1-聯苯]-4,4'-二胺(TPD)、叁(4-咔唑-9-基苯基)胺(tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine,TCTA)、或其類似物。
輔助層230可設置於電洞傳輸層(HTL)220及發光層240之間,以調整有機發光裝置之電荷量平衡,而避免滾降(roll-off)現象產生。
在化學式1中,L1及L2可獨立選自於下列群組:胺基、硝基、腈基、C1至C40烷基、C2至C40烯基、C2至C40炔基、C5至C40芳香基、C1至C40雜芳基、C1至C40烷氧基、C5至C40芳氧基、C1至C40烷基胺基、C5至C40芳胺基、C5至C40二芳胺基、C5至C40雜芳胺基、C2至C40二雜芳胺基、C6至C40芳烷基、C6至C40雜芳烷基、C3至C40環烷基、C1至C40鹵烷基、C3至C40雜環烷基、C3至C40烷矽基、C3至C40芳矽基、以及C3至C40雜芳矽基,且n可為0或1。
當n為0時,L2與N可直接連接。
更進一步,R1及R2可獨立選自於下列群組:胺基、硝基、腈基、C1至C40烷基、C2至C40烯基、C2至C40炔基、C5至C40芳香基、C1至C40雜芳基、C1至C40烷氧基、C5至C40芳氧基、C1至C40烷基胺基、C5至C40芳胺基、C5至C40二芳胺基、C5至C40雜芳胺基、C2至C40二雜芳胺基、C6至C40芳烷基、C6至C40雜芳烷基、C3至C40環烷基、C1至C40鹵烷基、C3
至C40雜環烷基、C3至C40烷矽基、C3至C40芳矽基、以及C3至C40雜芳矽基。
R1及R2可縮合為相鄰取代基或可形成環。
根據實施例,由化學式1表示之化合物可選自於下列化學式1-1至化學式1-9表示之化合物至少一者。由化學式1-1至化學式1-9表示之化合物可獨立使用、可至少二或多個混合使用、或可至少一個與其他化合物混合使用。
發光層240可以主體材料及摻雜劑形成。摻雜劑可包含放射出如紅、綠、或藍色之原色的材料。
主體材料可包含由化學式2表示之化合物。
在化學式2中,R1至R3可選自於下列群組:胺基、硝基、腈基、C1至C40烷基、C2至C40烯基、C2至C40炔基、C5至C40芳香基、C1至C40
雜芳基、C1至C40烷氧基、C5至C40芳氧基、C1至C40烷基胺基、C5至C40芳胺基、C5至C40二芳胺基、C5至C40雜芳胺基、C2至C40二雜芳胺基、C6至C40芳烷基、C6至C40雜芳烷基、C3至C40環烷基、C1至C40鹵烷基、C3至C40雜環烷基、C3至C40烷矽基、C3至C40芳矽基、以及C3至C40雜芳矽基。
並且,R1至R3可縮合為相鄰取代基或可形成環。
例如,由化學式2表示之化合物可選自於下列化學式2-1至化學式2-6表示之化合物至少一者。由化學式2-1至化學式2-6表示之化合物可被獨立使用、可至少二或多個混合使用、或可至少一個與其他化合物混合使用。
根據實施例,紅色摻雜劑可包含PtOEP、Ir(piq)3、Btp2Ir(acac)、DCJTB、或其類似物。
根據實施例,綠色摻雜劑可包含Ir(ppy)3(ppy=苯基)、Ir(ppy)2(acac)、Ir(mpyp)3、C545T、或其類似物。
根據實施例,藍色摻雜劑可包含F2Irpic、(F2ppy)2Ir(tmd)、Ir(dfppz)3、三芴(ter-fluorene)、4,4’-二(4-二苯基氨基苯乙烯基)聯苯(4,4'-bis(4-diphenylaminostyryl)biphenyl,DPAVBi)、2,5,8,11-四叔丁基二萘嵌苯(2,5,8,11-tetra-tert-butyl perylene,TBP)、或其類似物。
例如,有機發光裝置之發光層240可包含由化學式2表示作為主體材料之化合物,且可摻雜紅色摻雜劑而成為紅色發光層。
電子傳輸層(ETL)250可設置於發光層240及第二電極300之間。因而,電子可輕易地從第二電極300注入至發光層240。電子傳輸層(ETL)250
可包含電子傳輸材料。例如,所揭露的材料可為例如叁(8-羥基喹啉)鋁(aluminum tris(8-hydroxyquinoline),Alq3)、TZA、或BAlq之喹啉衍生物。
電子注入層(EIL)可設置於電子傳輸層(ETL)250及第二電極300之間,使得電子可輕易從第二電極300注入至發光層240。電子注入層(EIL)可以電子注入材料形成,例如氟化鋰(lithium fluoride,LiF)、喹啉鋰(lithium quinolate,Liq)、噁二唑(oxadiazole)、三唑(triazole)、或三嗪(triazine)。
如上所述,由化學式1表示之化合物形成的輔助層230可設置於電洞傳輸層(HTL)220及發光層240之間。由化學式2表示之化合物可作為發光層240之主體材料,從而調整有機發光裝置中元件的平衡。
因此,可減少滾降現象的產生。更進一步,可改善有機裝置之效率並可延長其壽命。
提出以下實施例及比較性範例係為了突出一或多個實施例之特徵,但是應理解的是,該實施例及比較性範例並非用於限制實施例之範疇,亦不應將比較性範例解釋為在實施例之範疇以外。更進一步,應理解的是,該實施例及比較性範例中特定的詳細敘述並非用以限制實施例。
例示性實施例1
氧化銦錫(indium tin oxide,ITO)被切為50毫米x 50毫米x 0.5毫米之尺寸且利用異丙醇及純水經過大約十分鐘之超音波清洗程序處理以形成陽極。
可將4,4',4"-叁[2-萘基(苯基)胺基]三苯基胺(4,4',4"-tris[2-naphthyl(phenyl)amino]triphenylamine,2T-NATA)以具有100Å之厚度真空沉積於陽極上而形成電洞注入層(HIL)。可將N,N'-二(1-萘基)-N,N'-二苯基聯苯胺
(N,N'-di(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenylbenzidine,NPB)以具有1350Å之厚度真空沉積於電洞注入層(HIL)上而形成電洞傳輸層(HTL)。
由化學式1-3表示之化合物以具有700Å之厚度真空沉積於電洞傳輸層(HTL)上以形成輔助層。作為主體材料的由化學式2-2表示之化合物、以及作為摻雜材料之紅色磷光摻雜劑的叁[1-1苯基異喹啉-C2,N]銥(III)(Tris[1-phenylisoquinoline-C2,N]iridium(III),Ir(piq)3),同時以重量比1:0.04進行真空沉積處理,以於輔助層上形成具有400Å之厚度的發光層。
將叁(8-羥基喹啉)鋁(aluminum tris(8-hydroxyquinoline),Alq3)進行真空沉積,以於發光層上形成300Å之厚度的電子傳輸層(ETL)。接著,將鋁(Al)進行真空沉積,以於電子傳輸層(ETL)上形成1200Å之厚度的陰極。
從而,製造出有機發光裝置。
例示性實施例2
除了以化學式1-1表示之化合物作為輔助層之外,實質上利用與例示性實施例1相同之方法製造有機發光二極體裝置。
例示性實施例3
除了以化學式1-2表示之化合物作為輔助層之外,實質上利用與例示性實施例1相同之方法製造有機發光二極體裝置。
例示性實施例4
除了以化學式1-4表示之化合物作為輔助層之外,實質上利用與例示性實施例1相同之方法製造有機發光二極體裝置。
例示性實施例5
除了以化學式1-5表示之化合物作為輔助層之外,實質上利用與例示性實施例1相同之方法製造有機發光二極體裝置。
例示性實施例6
除了以化學式2-1表示之化合物作為發光層之主體材料之外,實質上利用與例示性實施例1相同之方法製造有機發光二極體裝置。
例示性實施例7
除了以化學式2-1表示之化合物作為發光層之主體材料之外,實質上利用與例示性實施例2相同之方法製造有機發光二極體裝置。
比較性範例
除了將NPB以2100Å之厚度真空沉積而形成電洞傳輸層(HTL)及利用4,4'-二(9-咔唑)-1,1'-聯苯(4,4'-Bis(9-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl,CBP)作為沒有輔助層之發光層之主體材料之外,實質上利用與例示性實施例1相同之方法製造有機發光二極體裝置。
測量根據例示性實施例1至7之有機發光裝置及根據比較性範例之有機發光裝置的驅動電壓、效率及壽命。測量結果顯示於表1。
參照表1,與根據比較性範例之有機發光裝置相比,顯示根據例示性實施例1至7之有機發光裝置之驅動電壓較低且電流效率及壽命較佳。
根據例示性實施例1至7之有機發光裝置及根據比較性範例之有機發光裝置,測量其根據發光度之效率。測量結果顯示於第2圖。
第2圖顯示根據例示性實施例1至7之有機發光裝置及根據比較性範例之有機發光裝置之發光度(亮度,單位為cd/m2)及效率(cd/A)。
請參照第2圖,與根據例示性實施例1至7之有機發光裝置相比,在根據比較性範例之有機發光裝置中,隨著發光度增加而降低效率。
在根據比較性範例之有機發光裝置的案例中,藉由電洞注入層(HIL)降低驅動電壓而使起始效率較好。然而,不必綁定於任何特定理論,普遍認為較差的元件電荷平衡會使得滾降現象發生,從而使得效率逐漸降低。
相對而言,根據例示性實施例1至7之有機發光裝置利用輔助層,使得當發光度增加而效率的減縮較輕微,因此證實可降低或避免滾降現象的產生。
透過總結及回顧,於有機發光裝置中,形成有機層之材料特徵可大幅度影響有機發光裝置之電氣特徵。
實施例提供之有機發光裝置具有高效率且較長的壽命。根據實施例,藉由形成於發光層及電洞傳輸層(HTL)之間並包含由化學式1表示之化合物的輔助層、以及位於發光層並包含由化學式2表示之化合物之主體,可改善有機發光裝置之效率且可延長壽命。
例示性實施例已於本文揭露,且儘管使用了特定的術語,其係使用於及以一般及描述性的意思而解釋,而非為限制之目的。在某些實施例中,除非另有明確說明,所提交的發明說明書之連結特定實施例描述的特徵、特性、及/或元件可被單獨使用或連結其它實施例所描述特徵、特性、及/或元件組合使用,此對於本技術領域中具有通常知識者而言將是顯而易見的。因此,將被本技術領域具有通常知識者理解的是,在不脫離以下發明申請專利範圍中所闡述的精神及範疇下,可進行各種形式及細節上的修改。
100‧‧‧第一電極
200‧‧‧有機層
210‧‧‧電洞注入層
220‧‧‧電洞傳輸層
230‧‧‧輔助層
240‧‧‧發光層
250‧‧‧電子傳輸層
300‧‧‧第二電極
Claims (6)
- 一種有機發光裝置,其包含:一第一電極與一第二電極,其彼此相對;以及一有機層,其位於該第一電極與該第二電極之間,其中該有機層在該第一電極與該第二電極之間的堆疊順序包含:一電洞注入層(HIL),位於該第一電極上;一電洞傳輸層(HTL),位於該電洞注入層上;一輔助層,位於該電洞傳輸層(HTL)上;一發光層,位於該輔助層上;以及一電子傳輸層(ETL),位於該發光層與該第二電極之間,其中該輔助層包含由化學式1表示之化合物:
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之有機發光裝置,其中該發光層進一步包含一摻雜材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之有機發光裝置,其中該摻雜材料包含一紅色摻雜材料、一綠色摻雜材料、或一藍色摻雜材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之有機發光裝置,其中該第一電極係為一陽極,且該第二電極係為一陰極。
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