TWI675447B - 轉換結構及高頻封裝 - Google Patents

轉換結構及高頻封裝 Download PDF

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TWI675447B
TWI675447B TW107113381A TW107113381A TWI675447B TW I675447 B TWI675447 B TW I675447B TW 107113381 A TW107113381 A TW 107113381A TW 107113381 A TW107113381 A TW 107113381A TW I675447 B TWI675447 B TW I675447B
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ground
wire
ground pin
signal
pin wire
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邱瑞杰
黃智文
謝辰陽
賴宥丞
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穩懋半導體股份有限公司
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Abstract

一種轉換結構,設置於一高頻封裝,該轉換結構包括一第一接地引腳導線及一第二接地引腳導線;以及一訊號引腳導線,設置於該第一接地引腳導線與該第二接地引腳導線之間,其中該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線具有一外部邊緣以及一內部邊緣,該訊號引腳導線耦接於形成於一傳輸線載體之一金屬線以及該高頻封裝中一晶片之一訊號端;其中,於該外部邊緣上形成於該第一接地引腳導線與該第二接地引腳導線之間之一外部間隙寬於該內部邊緣上形成於該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線之間之一內部間隙。

Description

轉換結構及高頻封裝
本發明係指一種轉換結構及高頻封裝,尤指一種可達到較佳高頻效能的轉換結構及高頻封裝。
未來行動通訊系統及衛星通訊系統需操作於高頻。然而,傳統封裝結構並未針對高頻操作進行設計,於高頻處會導致相當損失,而使封裝結構的效能降低。
習知技術已提出將封裝結構中的導線架(lead frame)設計為傳輸線的概念。習知技術中,導線架的接地引腳導線與訊號引腳導線可設計為共平面波導(coplanar waveguide,CPW)或接地-訊號-接地(ground-signal-ground,GSG)結構。然而,封裝結構以外的訊號路徑(signal path)通常是以微帶線來實現,而於封裝結構的外部邊緣上,射頻訊號被迫被立刻轉成共平面波導結構,而使射頻效能變差。
因此,習知技術實有改善之必要。
因此,本發明之主要目的即在於提供一種可達到較佳高頻效能的轉換結構及高頻封裝,以改善習知技術的缺點。
本發明實施例揭露一種轉換結構,設置於一高頻封裝,該轉換結構包括一第一接地引腳導線及一第二接地引腳導線;以及一訊號引腳導線,設置於該第一接地引腳導線與該第二接地引腳導線之間,其中該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線具有一外部邊緣以及一內部邊緣,該訊號引腳導線耦接於形成於一傳輸線載體之一金屬線以及該高頻封裝中一晶片之一訊號端;其中,於該外部邊緣上形成於該第一接地引腳導線與該第二接地引腳導線之間之一外部間隙寬於於該內部邊緣上形成於該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線之間之一內部間隙。
本發明實施例另揭露一種高頻封裝,設置於一傳輸線載體,該高頻封裝包括一晶片座;一晶片,設置於該晶片座;以及一轉換結構,包括一第一接地引腳導線及一第二接地引腳導線;以及一訊號引腳導線,設置於該第一接地引腳導線與該第二接地引腳導線之間,其中該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線具有一外部邊緣以及一內部邊緣,該訊號引腳導線耦接於形成於一傳輸線載體的一金屬線以及該高頻封裝中該晶片的一訊號端;其中,於該外部邊緣上形成於該第一接地引腳導線與該第二接地引腳導線之間之一外部間隙寬於於該內部邊緣上形成於該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線之間之一內部間隙。
10、40‧‧‧高頻封裝
100、400‧‧‧轉換結構
102‧‧‧晶片
104‧‧‧晶片座
106g、106s‧‧‧接合線
20‧‧‧金屬線
22‧‧‧印刷電路板
A-A’‧‧‧線
CP、CP4‧‧‧中央部
D1、D2‧‧‧方向
E_ex、E_in‧‧‧邊緣
G1、G2、G14、G24‧‧‧接地引腳導線
GP_ex、GP_in‧‧‧間隙
GT‧‧‧接地端
PT‧‧‧突出部
SL、SL4‧‧‧訊號引腳導線
ST‧‧‧訊號端
W_ex、W_in‧‧‧寬度
第1圖為本發明實施例一高頻封裝的俯視示意圖。
第2圖為第1圖高頻封裝的剖面示意圖。
第3圖為微帶線(microstrip line)以及共平面波導的磁力線示意圖。
第4圖為本發明實施例一高頻封裝的俯視示意圖。
第5圖為本發明實施例高頻封裝的插入損失(Insertion Loss)的頻率響應。
第1圖為本發明實施例一高頻封裝10,第2圖為高頻封裝10沿第1圖中一A-A’線的的剖面示意圖。高頻封裝10設置於一傳輸線載體22,傳輸線載體22上形成有一金屬線20。傳輸線載體22可為一印刷電路板(printed circuit board,PCB)、一陶瓷基板、一半導體基板或一層壓印刷電路板(Laminate PCB),而不在此限,另外,金屬線20用來傳遞一射頻訊號。高頻封裝10包括一轉換結構100、一晶片(Die)102以及一晶片座(Die Paddle)104。轉換結構100設置於高頻封裝10的一面(如正面(topside)或背面(backside)),晶片102設置於高頻封裝10中的晶片座104。為了方面說明,第1圖僅繪示高頻封裝10的一部分,另外,以下將以傳輸線載體22為印刷電路板為例進行說明。
轉換結構100形成為一傳輸線,其包括一訊號引腳導線SL以及接地引腳導線G1、G2,接地引腳導線G1、G2透過接地接合線106g電性連接於晶片102的接地端GT。接地引腳導線G1、G2具有一外部邊緣E_ex以及一內部邊緣E_in。外部邊緣E_ex可為環繞高頻封裝10的外部表面,而內部邊緣E_in位於高頻封裝10內,即內部邊緣E_in相較於外部邊緣E_ex較靠近晶片102。另一方面,訊號引腳導線SL設置於接地引腳導線G1與接地引腳導線G2之間,訊號引腳導線SL電性連接於形成於印刷電路板22的金屬線20,以傳遞高頻封裝10的射頻訊號,另外, 訊號引腳導線SL透過一訊號接合線106s電性連接於晶片102的一訊號端ST。需注意的是,晶片座104可連接於接地引腳導線G1及接地引腳導線G2,以達到較佳的射頻效能。另外,連接於接地引腳導線G1、G2的接地接合線106g與連接於訊號引腳導線SL的訊號接合線106s形成一接地-訊號-接地(ground-signal-ground,GSG)結構,其連接於晶片102以達到較佳的射頻效能。
於外部邊緣E_ex上,接地引腳導線G1與接地引腳導線G2之間形成有一外部間隙(Gap)GP_ex,外部間隙GP_ex具有一寬度W_ex;於內部邊緣E_in上,接地引腳導線G1與接地引腳導線G2之間形成有一內部間隙GP_in,內部間隙GP_in具有一寬度W_in。需注意的是,外部間隙GP_ex寬於內部間隙GP_in,即寬度W_ex寬於/大於寬度W_in。另一方面,接地引腳導線G1與G2之間的間隙從外部邊緣E_ex往內部邊緣E_in可逐漸變窄。
另外,訊號引腳導線SL包括一中央部CP以及突出部PT。突出部PT自中央部CP朝向一第一方向D1突出以形成一電容,其中第一方向D1平行於外部邊緣E_ex或內部邊緣E_in。關於晶片102突出部PT的細節請參考申請人於台灣專利第105101822號專利申請案所揭露的內容,於此不再贅述。中央部CP可呈現一帶狀(strip shape),中央部CP的長邊垂直於第一方向D1而平行於一第二方向D2,其中第二方向D2代表從外部邊緣E_ex往內部邊緣E_in的方向,而第二方向D2垂直於第一方向D1。需注意的是,中央部CP與接地引腳導線G1/G2之間於第一方向D1的距離從外部邊緣E_ex到內部邊緣E_in呈現遞減趨勢,也就是說,中央部CP與接地引腳導線G1/G2之間於第一方向D1的距離由外部邊緣E_ex而內部邊緣E_in遞減。
需注意的是,轉換結構100(其為傳輸線)用來將一微帶線(microstrip line)結構逐漸轉換成具有接地-訊號-接地結構的一共平面波導(coplanar waveguide,CPW)。詳細來說,訊號引腳導線SL的一向外(朝向外部)末端可形成微帶線結構;而訊號引腳導線SL的一向內(朝向內部)末端與接地引腳導線G1、G2可一同形成共平面波導結構或接地-訊號-接地結構。詳細來說,請參考第3圖,第3圖繪示微帶線結構及共平面波導(接地-訊號-接地)結構的磁力線。於第3圖左側的子圖中,Strip可代表訊號引腳導線SL的向外末端;而於第3圖右側的子圖中,Strip可代表訊號引腳導線SL的向內末端,Ground可代表接地引腳導線G1、G2。請再參考第1圖,於訊號引腳導線SL的向外末端,因接地引腳導線G1、G2遠離訊號引腳導線SL,磁力線會掉至印刷電路板20下方的接地版(未繪示於第1圖),其類似於第3圖左方的子圖,因此,訊號引腳導線SL的向外末端形成微帶線結構。從向外末端(外部邊緣E_ex)至向內末端(內部邊緣E_in),接地引腳導線G1與G2之間的間距逐漸變/縮窄。於訊號引腳導線SL的向內末端,接地引腳導線G1、G2足夠靠近訊號引腳導線SL,此時磁力線被抬升起來而導向與訊號引腳導線SL共平面的接地引腳導線G1、G2,其類似於第3圖右方的子圖,因此,訊號引腳導線SL的向內末端與接地引腳導線G1、G2一同形成共平面波導結構或接地-訊號-接地結構。更進一步地,因形成於印刷電路板22的金屬線20大致為微帶線結構,設置於封裝10內的轉換結構100逐漸將磁力線從微帶線型式轉換成為共平面波導(接地-訊號-接地)型式,因此,轉換結構100逐漸將微帶線結構轉換成為共平面波導(接地-訊號-接地)結構。
另外,請再參考第2圖,為了降低因接合線與高頻封裝10模封塑料接觸而產生的電感效應,接合線的長度需要盡可能地縮短。為了達成此目的,可形成晶片座104(如透過蝕刻的方式)使得晶片102的頂面(top surface)與引腳導 線(如訊號引腳導線SL或接地引腳導線G1/G2))的頂面對齊或共平面。於一實施例中,晶片座104可形成有一凹槽而晶片102可設置於該凹槽,使得晶片102的頂面可與訊號引腳導線SL的頂面或接地引腳導線G1/G2的頂面共平面。關於晶片102的頂面與引腳導線共平面的特性,請參考申請人於台灣專利第105102435號專利申請案所揭露的內容,於此不再贅述。
需注意的是,前述實施例用以說明本發明之概念,本領域具通常知識者當可據以做不同的修飾,而不限於此。舉例來說,接地引腳導線及訊號引腳導線的形狀並未有所限。請參考第4圖,第4圖為本發明實施例一高頻封裝40的俯視示意圖。高頻封裝40與高頻封裝10類似,故相同元件沿用相同符號。與高頻封裝10不同的是,高頻封裝40中一轉換結構400之一訊號引腳導線SL4接地引腳導線G14、G24的形狀與高頻封裝40中轉換結構400的接地引腳導線G1、G2的形狀不同,只要外部間隙GP_ex寬於內部間隙GP_in,即符合本發明的要求而屬於本發明的範疇。
更進一步地,請參考第5圖,第5圖繪示本發明實施例高頻封裝的插入損失(Insertion Loss)的頻率響應。如第5圖所示,本發明高頻封裝的特性頻率(插入損失為1dB的頻率)推至41GHz,其高於申請人於台灣專利第105102435號及第105101822號專利申請案所揭露封裝的特性頻率31GHz。因此,相較於習知技術,本發明高頻封裝可達到更佳的射頻效能。
綜上所述,本發明利用轉換結構(其具有外部邊緣寬於內部邊緣的接地引腳導線),將微帶線結構轉換成為共平面波導(接地-訊號-接地)結構,以達到更佳的射頻效能。
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例,凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾,皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。

Claims (13)

  1. 一種轉換結構,設置於一高頻封裝,該轉換結構包括:一第一接地引腳導線及一第二接地引腳導線;以及一訊號引腳導線,設置於該第一接地引腳導線與該第二接地引腳導線之間,其中該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線具有一外部邊緣以及一內部邊緣,該訊號引腳導線耦接於形成於一傳輸線載體之一金屬線以及該高頻封裝中一晶片之一訊號端;其中,該外部邊緣上該第一接地引腳導線與該第二接地引腳導線之間之一外部間隙寬於該內部邊緣上該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線之間之一內部間隙;其中,該第一接地引腳導線與該第二接地引腳導線之間的一間距從該外部邊緣往該內部邊緣逐漸變縮窄。
  2. 如請求項1所述的轉換結構,其中該訊號引腳導線的一向外末端形成一微帶線結構,而該訊號引腳導線的一向內末端與該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線於該內部邊緣一同形成共平面波導結構。
  3. 如請求項1所述的轉換結構,其中該訊號引腳導線包括一突出部,該突出部自該訊號引腳導線的一中央部朝向一第一方向突出,該第一方向平行於該內部邊緣或該外部邊緣。
  4. 如請求項1所述的轉換結構,其中該訊號引腳導線包括一中央部,該中央部與該第一接地引腳導線之間的一距離隨著從該外部邊緣往該內部邊緣的方向遞減。
  5. 如請求項1所述的轉換結構,其中該傳輸線載體為一印刷電路板、一陶瓷基板、一半導體基板或一層壓印刷電路板。
  6. 一種高頻封裝,設置於一傳輸線載體,該高頻封裝包括:一晶片座;一晶片,設置於該晶片座;以及一轉換結構,包括:一第一接地引腳導線及一第二接地引腳導線;以及一訊號引腳導線,設置於該第一接地引腳導線與該第二接地引腳導線之間,其中該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線具有一外部邊緣以及一內部邊緣,該訊號引腳導線耦接於形成於一傳輸線載體的一金屬線以及該高頻封裝中該晶片的一訊號端;其中,該外部邊緣上該第一接地引腳導線與該第二接地引腳導線之間之一外部間隙寬於該內部邊緣上該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線之間之一內部間隙;其中,該第一接地引腳導線與該第二接地引腳導線之間的一間距從該外部邊緣往該內部邊緣逐漸變縮窄。
  7. 如請求項6所述的高頻封裝,其中該訊號引腳導線的一向外末端與該傳輸線載體形成一微帶線結構,而該訊號引腳導線的一向內末端與該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線於該內部邊緣一同形成一接地-訊號-接地的共平面波導結構。
  8. 如請求項6所述的高頻封裝,其中該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線透過接地接合線連接於該晶片,該訊號引腳導線透過一訊號接合線連接於該晶片,該接地接合線與訊號接合線形成形成一接地-訊號-接地結構。
  9. 如請求項6所述的高頻封裝,其中該訊號引腳導線包括一突出部,該突出部自該訊號引腳導線的一中央部朝向一第一方向突出,該第一方向平行於該內部邊緣或該外部邊緣。
  10. 如請求項6所述的高頻封裝,其中該訊號引腳導線包括一中央部,該中央部與該第一接地引腳導線之間的一距離隨著從該外部邊緣往該內部邊緣的方向遞減。
  11. 如請求項6所述的高頻封裝,其中該晶片的一頂面與該訊號引腳導線的一頂面共平面。
  12. 如請求項6所述的高頻封裝,其中該晶片座連接於該第一接地引腳導線及該第二接地引腳導線。
  13. 如請求項6所述的高頻封裝,其中該傳輸線載體為一印刷電路板、一陶瓷基板、一半導體基板或一層壓印刷電路板。
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