TWI654166B - 寡聚胺基酮及其作為光起始劑之用途 - Google Patents
寡聚胺基酮及其作為光起始劑之用途Info
- Publication number
- TWI654166B TWI654166B TW107102941A TW107102941A TWI654166B TW I654166 B TWI654166 B TW I654166B TW 107102941 A TW107102941 A TW 107102941A TW 107102941 A TW107102941 A TW 107102941A TW I654166 B TWI654166 B TW I654166B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- ink
- amine
- curable coating
- ketone
- composition
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 title description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- -1 amine ketone Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical class NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000006652 (C3-C12) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 abstract description 52
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 67
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical class OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 9
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940064734 aminobenzoate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 5
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 5
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Substances C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RWZYAGGXGHYGMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthranilic acid Chemical class NC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O RWZYAGGXGHYGMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000008365 aromatic ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HUDYANRNMZDQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]ethanone Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(C(C)=O)C=C1 HUDYANRNMZDQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UHFFVFAKEGKNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzyl-2-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-morpholin-4-ylphenyl)butan-1-one Chemical compound C=1C=C(N2CCOCC2)C=CC=1C(=O)C(CC)(N(C)C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UHFFVFAKEGKNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MPIAGWXWVAHQBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-[[3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2,2-bis(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)C=C)(COC(=O)C=C)COCC(COC(=O)C=C)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C MPIAGWXWVAHQBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UMLWXYJZDNNBTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-dimethylaminoacetophenone Natural products CN(C)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UMLWXYJZDNNBTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HTZCNXWZYVXIMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(triethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 HTZCNXWZYVXIMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propiophenone Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003847 radiation curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002211 ultraviolet spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- CKGKXGQVRVAKEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CKGKXGQVRVAKEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNNLYDWXTKOQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-di(prop-2-enoyloxy)propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(CC)(OC(=O)C=C)OC(=O)C=C NNNLYDWXTKOQQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTKCEEWUXHVZQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OTKCEEWUXHVZQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJNIFZYQFLFGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)ethanone Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)C)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 DJNIFZYQFLFGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCZZSANNLWPGEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-phenylphenyl)ethanone Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 QCZZSANNLWPGEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWWXMYJVBWPIJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-9-ethylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C=C)=C2N(CC)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 OWWXMYJVBWPIJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXHUQSDCRAYCAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-9-methylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C=C)=C2N(C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 AXHUQSDCRAYCAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQLIGMASAVJVON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthalen-1-ylethanone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)C)=CC=CC2=C1 QQLIGMASAVJVON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MAHPVQDVMLWUAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylhexan-1-one Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MAHPVQDVMLWUAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIZHFBODNLEQBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diethoxy-1-phenylethanone Chemical compound CCOC(OCC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PIZHFBODNLEQBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCHAFMWSFCONOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C)=CC(C)=C3SC2=C1 LCHAFMWSFCONOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXLNDYCNDRHFPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dibutylamino)-1-phenylethanone Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UXLNDYCNDRHFPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOTFYSVFYYKCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)-1-phenylethanone Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOTFYSVFYYKCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMDUVYNLDXMEAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dipropylamino)-1-phenylethanone Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 AMDUVYNLDXMEAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWVXMGIAPJZXCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclohexyl-1-phenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)CC1CCCCC1 ZWVXMGIAPJZXCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUDTWORDPVHOBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.CCC(CO)(CO)CO.CCC(CO)(CO)CO OUDTWORDPVHOBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRNDGUSDBCARGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyacetophenone Chemical compound COCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YRNDGUSDBCARGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTALPKYXQZGAEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-ylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C(C)C)=CC=C3SC2=C1 KTALPKYXQZGAEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOFRHZUTPGJWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4-[(2-methoxy-5-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound COc1ccc(cc1N=Nc1c(O)c(cc2ccccc12)C(=O)Nc1cccc(c1)[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O SOFRHZUTPGJWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVBLNCFGVYUYGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 VVBLNCFGVYUYGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWTBRYBHCBCJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-phenyldiazenylnaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]phenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1N=NC(C1=CC=CC=C11)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=CC=C1 FWTBRYBHCBCJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGVHNLRUAMRIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylcyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)CC1 VGVHNLRUAMRIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKVYHNPVKUNCJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-propan-2-ylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound S1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C(C(C)C)=CC=C2 IKVYHNPVKUNCJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZDDUFFXSBGRMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9h-fluoren-1-ylphosphane Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2CC2=C1C=CC=C2P VZDDUFFXSBGRMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQLZINXFSUDMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamidine Chemical compound CC(N)=N OQLZINXFSUDMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012958 Amine synergist Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C07C225/00—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones
- C07C225/22—Compounds containing amino groups and doubly—bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton, at least one of the doubly—bound oxygen atoms not being part of a —CHO group, e.g. amino ketones having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C229/00—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/52—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
- C08F2/50—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light with sensitising agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/10—Esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
- C09D11/037—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/101—Inks specially adapted for printing processes involving curing by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. with UV-curing following the printing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/106—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09D11/107—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
- C08F222/12—Esters of phenols or saturated alcohols
- C08F222/20—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F222/205—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen the ester chains containing seven or more carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
- C08F222/12—Esters of phenols or saturated alcohols
- C08F222/22—Esters containing nitrogen
- C08F222/225—Esters containing nitrogen the ester chains containing seven or more carbon atoms
Landscapes
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Abstract
本發明係關於用於紫外(UV)光可固化之組合物及油墨的通式I及II之光活性寡聚胺基酮。通式I之寡聚胺基酮係藉由胺基酮與醛之縮合來製備,且通式II之胺基酮係藉由芳族胺經鄰苯二甲酸酐醯化、接著經多元醇酯化來製備。該等胺基酮提供能量可固化塗料及油墨在UV-A光下之優良可固化性,且經提議用於低遷移油墨用光起始劑系統。
Description
本發明係關於在UV可固化塗料及油墨中適用作光起始劑之寡聚胺基酮。本發明之寡聚胺基酮尤其適用於待用於印刷或塗佈材料之塗料及油墨,在該等材料中要求光起始劑之低遷移,諸如食物包裝。
含有丙烯酸酯基之輻射可固化組合物可藉由曝露至紫外光(UV)來固化。對於快速固化組合物而言,必需光起始劑,其在光子照射下形成自由基,且引發該等丙烯酸酯基之自由基聚合,此接著引起產品之硬化(固化)。醛-酮光起始劑描述於US 2009/0048363中。 然而,含有光起始劑之輻射可固化組合物對於在包裝、尤其食物包裝中之數種應用而言可為一種挑戰(「Radiation curing in packaging」, Radtech Report,2006年3月/4月)。殘餘光起始劑以及其裂解產物保留在塗料或油墨中,且可引起多種問題,例如遷移、污染、臭味或異味。舉例而言,光起始劑及裂解產物之殘餘物可遷移穿過基板,且影響臨近之產品諸如食品或可藉由膠印接觸遷移(off set contact migration)污染食物。因此,對具有低遷移及臭味潛力之光起始劑系統存在持續研究。 如文獻中所描述(L.L. Katan,見「Migration of additive food contact」, Black Academical & Professional, 第一版, London 1996, 第97頁, 表5.3),材料遷移之能力由其分子量、而非其化學結構來控制。因此,對於低遷移UV-可固化油墨或塗料而言,分子量> 500-1,000道爾頓之光活性組分較佳。 寡聚及多聚三級芳族胺在此項技術中用於增強輻射可固化組合物之UV固化應答(「Industrial Photoinitiators」, CRC press London 2010, 第106頁)。連同酮一起,其可形成II型光起始劑。三級胺尤其適用於UV-油墨及UV-塗料之表面固化,因為其能夠將非反應性側氧基(其可藉由與氧反應而失活)轉化成更具反應性之基團,且降低氧對油墨及塗料之表面上的聚合之抑制作用(「Photoinitiators for free radical and cationic & anionic photo-polymerization」, Wiley & Sons 1998, 第84頁)。 此外,不同於I型光起始劑,II型光起始劑通常並不形成小分子(分裂產物),且因此尤其適用於要求化學種類之低遷移的應用。 提議用於低遷移應用之最具反應性的胺為寡聚胺基苯甲酸酯。用於低遷移應用之寡聚胺基苯甲酸酯之實例為例如Genopol AB-1及AB-2(瑞士Rahn集團之產品)及Omnipol ASA(荷蘭IGM Resins之產品)。然而,胺基苯甲酸酯仍然需要搭配物來形成有效抑制劑系統,該搭配物諸如芳族酮或噻噸酮。 相反,除三級胺基以外,芳族胺基酮已含有芳族酮,其可藉由UV光激發且另外促進UV固化。用於低遷移應用之寡聚胺基酮之實例為Omnipol SZ(IGM Resins)。 此外,由於主要在UV-A區域中發射且不產生臭氧且顯示低能量消耗之UV燈的最近發展,對尤其適用於UV-A固化以使UV技術關於遷移與製程安全性更加安全的光活性材料存在不斷研究。
本發明提供以下所示根據通式I及II之新穎寡聚胺基酮。在某些實施例中,寡聚胺基酮在UV可固化組合物中適用作光起始劑。在其他實施例中,UV可固化組合物為UV可固化塗料或油墨。寡聚胺基酮尤其適用於印刷或塗佈材料,在該等材料中要求化學種類之低遷移。 在某一態樣中,本發明提供通式I之新穎胺基酮:式I 其中 R1
及R2
各自獨立地選自由以下各項組成之群:H、支鏈或直鏈C1-12
烷基及C3-12
芳基; 各R3
獨立地選自支鏈或直鏈C1-12
烷基或C3-12
環烷基,其各自獨立地視情況經R7
取代; R4
選自由以下各項組成之群:支鏈或直鏈C1-12
烷基、C3-12
芳基及C3-12
環烷基,其各自獨立地視情況經R7
取代; 各R7
獨立地選自由以下各項組成之群:氧、氮及硫; 各Y為鏈端基,其獨立地選自H或羥甲基; n表示1-50之整數;且 m表示0-50之整數。 在另一態樣中,本發明提供通式II之新穎胺基酮:式II 其中 各R3
獨立地選自支鏈或直鏈C1-12
烷基或C3-12
環烷基,其各自獨立地視情況經R7
取代; R5
選自由以下各項組成之群:二-、三-、四-、五-及六價烷基,其視情況經氧取代; R6
選自由以下各項組成之群:H、支鏈或直鏈C1-12
烷基及C3-12
芳基; 各R7
獨立地選自由以下各項組成之群:氧、氮及硫;且 r表示2-6之整數。 在一實施例中,本發明提供一種新穎組合物,其包含一或多種式I或II中任一者之胺基酮,及一或多種丙烯酸酯。 在一實施例中,本發明提供新穎UV可固化塗料或油墨,其包含一或多種式I或II中任一者之胺基酮,及一或多種丙烯酸酯。 在另一實施例中,UV可固化塗料或油墨可經波長為310-400 nm之UV光固化。 在某些實施例中,UV可固化塗料或油墨進一步包含著色劑。 在某些實施例中,包含根據式II之胺基酮的UV可固化塗料或油墨能夠藉由發光二極體(LED)固化。 在另一實施例中,包含根據式I或II中任一者之胺基酮的UV可固化塗料或油墨不包含分裂型光起始劑。 在某一實施例中,本發明提供低遷移印刷材料,其包含根據式I或II中任一者之UV可固化塗料或油墨。 在另一實施例中,藉由以上所述UV可固化塗料或油墨之UV輻射固化來進行固化,從而獲得所固化材料。
[ 相關申請案之交叉引用 ]
本申請案主張2013年8月12日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/864,730號之優先權,其特此全部倂入本文中。 本發明係關於用於紫外(UV)光可固化之組合物的光活性寡聚胺基酮。更具體言之,該等光活性寡聚胺基酮適用於輻射可固化低遷移印刷油墨及塗料。 本發明之一目標為提供有效寡聚胺基酮,其適用於尤其用於低遷移塗料及油墨之光起始劑系統。 在某一態樣中,本發明提供通式I之新穎胺基酮:式I 其中 R1
及R2
各自獨立地選自由以下各項組成之群:H、支鏈或直鏈C1-12
烷基及C3-12
芳基; 各R3
獨立地選自支鏈或直鏈C1-12
烷基或C3-12
環烷基,其各自獨立地視情況經R7
取代; R4
選自由以下各項組成之群:支鏈或直鏈C1-12
烷基、C3-12
芳基及C3-12
環烷基,其各自獨立地視情況經R7
取代; R7
選自由以下各項組成之群:氧、氮及硫; 各Y為鏈端基,其獨立地選自H或羥甲基; n表示1-50之整數;且 m表示0-50之整數。 在另一態樣中,本發明提供通式II之新穎胺基酮:式II 其中 各R3
獨立地選自支鏈或直鏈C1-12
烷基或C3-12
環烷基,其各自獨立地視情況經R7
取代; R5
選自由以下各項組成之群:二-、三-、四-、五-及六價烷基,其視情況經氧取代; R6
選自由以下各項組成之群:H、支鏈或直鏈C1-12
烷基及C3-12
芳基; R7
選自由以下各項組成之群:氧、氮及硫;且 r表示2-6之整數。 通式II之胺基酮較佳展示325 nm至365 nm之紫外吸收最大值,且在輻射可固化塗料及油墨中展示高反應性。式II之胺基酮進一步較佳可藉由UV-A輻射固化。 通式I之胺基酮可藉由芳族胺基酮單體與脂族醛、尤其甲醛之簡單縮合反應來製備,如以下所描述。適用於製備通式I之化合物的酮之實例為N,N-二甲基胺基-苯乙酮、N,N-二乙基胺基-苯乙酮、N,N-二丙基胺基-苯乙酮、N,N-二丁基胺基-苯乙酮、4-(N-哌啶基)-苯乙酮、4-(N-嗎啉基)-苯乙酮、N-甲基-N-苯基胺基苯乙酮、乙醯基-N-甲基咔唑、乙醯基-N-乙基咔唑、乙醯基-N-烷基吲哚、乙醯基-N-烷基去氫吲哚、3-乙醯基-N-乙基-咔唑及N-乙基-3-乙醯基吲哚,較佳為N,N-二甲基-4-胺基苯乙酮、4-(N-嗎啉基)-苯乙酮、N-甲基-N-苯基-4-胺基苯乙酮。此等酮單體之示例性結構包括(但不限於):適合酮單體可商購或如文獻(Organikum, Wiley-VHC, 第22版, 第380頁)中所描述,可藉由芳族化合物經乙酸酐或乙醯基氯之傅-克醯化(Friedel-Crafts acylation)來製備。 適合酮共聚單體之實例包括丙酮、甲基乙基酮、庚-2-酮、戊-3-酮、甲基異丁基酮、環戊酮、環己酮、甲基環己酮、苯乙酮、甲基苯乙酮、乙基苯乙酮、苯丙酮、第三丁基-苯乙酮、環己基-苯乙酮、苯基苯乙酮、乙醯基芴、甲基萘基酮、羥基萘基酮,較佳為苯乙酮及4-苯基苯乙酮。 共聚單體並不必需,但提供諸如溶解性及相容性之特性,且如本文所述在一些情況下可提供UV反應性之另外增加。 醛與酮之縮合通常在鹼性條件下發生。強鹼性鹼,例如氫氧化鉀或氫氧化鈉或甲醇鉀或甲醇鈉及類似物,最常用。應用四級銨鹽來用於尤其高熔點之樹脂。縮合較佳在25-100℃之間的溫度下發生,且其他方面描述在文獻中(參見例如Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 第50卷 (1996) 第577頁及之後的頁數;及Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 第60卷 (1996) 第465頁及之後的頁數)。 所要求之甲醛通常以甲醛之約30重量%水溶液之形式或以固體多聚甲醛形式使用。合成後,聚合物較佳藉由用熱水洗滌或用蒸汽處理來純化以移除未反應之單體以及鹼及甲醛之殘餘物,且最後乾燥。 所獲得之通式I的化合物為無色至黃色固體,且顯示出重量平均分子量(Mw)在500-3,000、較佳1,000-1,500範圍內,且可溶於最常見有機溶劑。胺基酮較佳在325-365 nm範圍內具有紫外吸收最大值,莫耳消光係數為12,000-30,000公升·mol-1
·cm-1
,且與UV-A光固化用典型UV燈之發射具有良好配合。 如早先所描述,胺基酮能夠引發光聚合,而胺基苯甲酸酯單獨為UV無效的。藉由在略高之溫度(30-45℃)下攪拌,且允許冷卻至室溫將來自實例2之比較性胺基苯甲酸酯及來自實例3之本發明胺基酮溶解於三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(SR 351,來自Sartomer公司,USA)中,從而製備比較性胺基苯甲酸酯(實例2)及通式I之胺基酮(實例3)於三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯中之UV-可固化組合物。使用K-控制式塗佈機(Erichsen)以約10 g/m²之塗料重量將塗料塗覆至Byko-chart卡紙「Opacity Chart PA-2810」(Byk)上。藉由用功率為160 W/cm之鐵摻雜之汞燈、以20米/分鐘之帶速、以50%功率對組合物進行UV固化。兩遍之後,含有胺基酮之UV可固化組合物固化為不黏拋光層(tack-free finish),而胺基苯甲酸酯組合物在兩遍之後保持未固化且有黏性,如表1所示。 穿透固化及表面固化之評估 穿透固化評估 - 使用標準拇指扭轉測試來確認充分固化,其中拇指穩固地施加至固化膜上且扭轉。膜之任何變形、膜之黏性或膜至拇指之轉移歸類為失效。此測試在此項技術中為熟知的,且例如描述於Test Methods for UV and EB Curable Systems, C. Lowe & P.K.T Oldring, SITA Technology, 1994, ISBN 0 947798 07 2之第74頁上。 表面固化評估 - 術語「不黏」或「乾燥」意謂塗覆至固化膜之滑石或其他粉末在吹掃或輕刷或搖動以移除任何滑石時不黏附至表面。將黏附至來自實例3之本發明之塗料2的滑石之百分數與黏附至已知具有優良表面固化之可固化組合物的表面之滑石的百分數進行比較。含有二苯甲酮及胺協作劑之可固化組合物已知具有優良表面固化。除添加0.6 g二苯甲酮之外,根據實例2製備已知具有優良表面固化之可固化組合物。此組合物在用功率為160 W/cm之鐵摻雜之汞燈、以20米/分鐘之帶速、以50%功率UV固化兩遍時,展示出優良表面固化。若黏附至實驗可固化組合物(例如來自實例3之本發明組合物2,或實例2之比較性胺基苯甲酸酯)之滑石的百分數超過黏附至已知具有優良表面固化之可固化組合物的滑石之量,則結果為陰性的。測試描述在Test Methods for UV and EB Curable Systems, C. Lowe & P.K.T Oldring, SITA Technology, 1994, ISBN 0 947798 07 2之第75頁上。 在印記(print)乾燥且測試後無拇指印記或表面標記留下時,認為印記充分固化。表 1 :組合物及 UV 固化結果
SR 351 = 來自Sartomer公司, USA之三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯 圖1展示通式I之化合物(實例3)的吸收光譜。實例3之胺基酮能夠自鐵摻雜之汞燈捕捉比可商購胺基苯甲酸酯及胺基酮更多UV-A(310-400 nm)光係清楚可見的。此外,實例3能夠自365 nm處之極重要UV燈輻射發射捕捉光,這與不可在365 nm下吸收光之商業胺基苯甲酸酯Genopol AB-1及商業胺基酮Omnipol SZ形成對照。實例3之組合物的增加之UV-A光吸收導致改良之穿透固化及表面固化,如表1所示。 將通式I之寡聚胺基酮的效能與寡聚胺基苯甲酸酯及商業寡聚胺基酮進行比較。用160 W/cm之鐵摻雜之汞燈、以50%功率及30 m/min之帶速將組合物固化一遍。塗料重量為約10g /m2
。基板為Byko-chart卡紙「Opacity Chart PA-2810」(Byk)。結果展示在表2中。 製備且類似於表1中之彼等來測試表2中之組合物,但由於組合物含有二苯甲酮,為觀察到一定作用,降低所施加之UV劑量(較高帶速且僅一遍)。表 2 :組合物及 UV 固化結果
SR 351 = 來自美國Sartomer公司之三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯 Omnipol BP = 來自荷蘭IGM resins之寡聚二苯甲酮衍生物 Omnipol SZ = 來自荷蘭IGM resins之寡聚胺基酮衍生物 來自表2之結果指示本發明之胺基酮(實例3)的組合物6對比來自實例1及2之商業胺基酮Omnipol SZ與二-及三官能胺基苯甲酸酯具有改良之表面固化。 出乎意料地,雖然商業Omnipol SZ亦為一種胺基酮,其在UV-A區中吸收,乙醯基及低胺官能度之存在顯然使得此材料未能優於所測試之寡聚胺基苯甲酸酯。 此外,出乎意料地發現若將適於製備通式I之材料的前述胺基酮與芳族酮諸如苯乙酮、甲氧基苯乙酮、4-苯氧基苯乙酮或4-苯基苯乙酮共縮聚,則UV反應性大大提高,如以下所描述。為證明這些寡聚起始劑之反應性,製備實驗UV-可固化黑低遷移油墨。黑油墨為最難以UV固化之油墨,因為黑顏料在任何波長下均吸收UV光,且UV光則不可用於活化起始劑系統。 為製備適於食物包裝之低遷移油墨,必須將油墨組分遷移至食物中之風險最小化。化學品遷移之趨勢為移動性及分子量之函數,此在先前技術中係公認且經描述的。 因此,在低遷移油墨中,藉由寡聚或多聚光起始劑最小化或完全置換遷移之低分子量單體光起始劑。 此外,為最小化丙烯酸酯單體遷移之風險,甚至在不完全固化之情況下,較佳具有最高丙烯酸酯官能度及分子量之單體,諸如六丙烯酸二-三羥甲基丙烷酯、乙氧基化新戊四醇四丙烯酸酯、二新戊四醇六丙烯酸酯及乙氧基化二新戊四醇六丙烯酸酯,其可自如Cytec及Arkema公司之供應商獲得。因此,即使四或六個丙烯酸酯基中僅一者發生聚合,整個分子亦錨定在經交聯之丙烯酸酯基質之中,且不可再遷移。 藉由「背印(set-off)」測試量測來自實例8之低遷移黑油墨之UV固化效能。用白色抗衡紙(counter paper)覆蓋以可比密度印刷之UV固化之樣品的黑印記。接著,以10噸之壓力將經印刷之基板與抗衡紙按壓在一起。接著,自印記移走抗衡紙且藉由密度計量測抗衡紙上轉移之油墨的量。通常,轉移之油墨的量愈低,密度計上之讀數愈低,且固化愈佳。結果展示在表3中。為清楚起見,表3中僅給出改質之光起始劑摻合物及對UV固化之作用。實例8中給出完整調配物。 使用IGT C5打樣機(proofer)將油墨印刷在Byko-chart卡紙「Uncoated Chart PA2831」(Byk)上,密度為1.75至1.85(黑色),且使用33 mJ/cm²之Fusion UV H燈固化(多達四遍)。 表3中之資料藉由UV固化測試可比值之結果指示包含通式I之胺基酮的黑低遷移油墨(實例4及5之具有本發明胺基酮的油墨2及3)可在無Irgacure 369(其已知為針對黑油墨之最具反應性之光起始劑)情況下且此外亦在胺基苯甲酸酯不存在情況下UV固化。此種胺基酮在290至360 nm之強且寬吸收亦可在實例5之UV吸收光譜中可見(參見圖2)。表 3 :低遷移黑油墨之固化(實例 8 中給出完整調配物)
因此,本發明亦提供能量可固化油墨,其不含分裂I型光起始劑。分裂I型光起始劑例如,2-苄基-2-二甲基胺基-2-(4-(N-嗎啉基)苯基)-丁烷-1-酮(Irgacure 369,BASF)在表3中之實驗黑油墨2及3中之不存在具有以下優點:在引發自由基聚合過程中無小分子形成。此顯著降低遷移之風險。 近年來,由於在310-400 nm在UV-A區域中在較長波長發射之摻雜之UV光燈的發展,及在365-395 nm發射之高功率發光二極體(LED)的發展,在商業上使用此等光源變得愈來愈有吸引力,此係由於無臭氧形成且能耗較低,使得此技術被視為一種「較綠色」解決方案。 然而,在UV-A區域、尤其在發光二極體(LED)之365-395 nm區具有光吸收之寡聚光反應性材料的來源有限。 因此,本發明亦提供通式II之寡聚胺基酮,其具有> 340 nm且與LED燈之發射重疊之較長波長吸收最大值。 通式II之寡聚胺基酮可例如藉由芳族胺經鄰苯二甲酸酐或醯氯之傅-克醯化、之後經多官能醇酯化來製備。通用醯化方法描述於文獻中(Organikum, Wiley-VHC, 第22版, 第380頁)。通常,將胺及酐以及一種視情況存在之溶劑彼此溶解,且添加三氯化鋁,使得溫度不超過30℃。接著,使反應完成,且將混合物傾入酸化水之中。接著,收集,過濾,洗滌且乾燥所沈澱的固體。中間體酸為無色至微黃色至淺綠色固體,其可溶於常見溶劑以及鹼性水。此亦提供藉由溶解於鹼性水中且藉由用諸如稀硫酸之酸進行酸化而沈澱來純化中間體酸之可能性。 圖3展示通式II之前驅物化合物(實例6)的吸收光譜。應清楚胺基酮能夠自在310-400 nm之UV-A光區域中具有強發射的摻雜之汞燈捕捉光。包含胺基酮之組合物因此將具有改良之穿透固化及表面固化特性。 接著,在最後步驟中,用醇、較佳地用以下醇將酸酯化:二-、三-、四、五-及六價多元醇,諸如乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、二丙二醇、新戊二醇、乙氧基化新戊二醇、丙氧基化新戊二醇、三丙二醇、乙氧基化雙酚A、聚乙二醇、三羥甲基丙烷、乙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷、丙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷、丙氧基化甘油、新戊四醇、乙氧基化新戊四醇、丙氧基化新戊四醇、烷氧基化新戊四醇、二(三羥甲基)丙烷、二新戊四醇、二新戊四醇或其混合物,較佳為乙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷、乙氧基化新戊四醇及丙氧基化丙氧基化及類似物。 通常,酸催化劑諸如甲磺酸或硫酸,或金屬催化劑諸如四丁醇鈦或丁基羥基氧化錫為合適的。可藉助於夾帶劑諸如甲苯、氮氣流、真空物理地或藉由與吸水化學品諸如碳二亞胺之反應化學地去除所形成之水。 或者,酯化亦可以多官能環氧化物諸如雙酚A-二縮水甘油醚在三苯基膦或銨鹽諸如四乙基溴化銨催化下進行。產物為高黏性之糊狀至固體黃色至棕色材料,其具有500至2,000道爾頓之分子量,340-375 nm之吸收最大值,以及10,000-35,000公升·mol-1
·cm-1
之莫耳消光係數。 作為通式II之寡聚胺基酮的光活性之實例,用實例7之化合物製備兩種組合物。在無Omnipol BP情況下製備組合物7,而組合物8包括Omnipol BP。藉由在高溫(50-60℃)下將寡聚胺基酮溶解在三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯中直至獲得澄清溶液來製備組合物。將組合物以約10g/m²之塗料重量塗覆在Byko-chart 「Opacity Chart PA-2810」(Byk)卡紙上。用160 W/cm之鐵摻雜之汞燈在50%功率且在20 m/min之帶速下固化組合物。組合物及UV固化之結果展示在4中。<0} 表 4 : 組合物及 UV 固化結果 <0}
用組合物7獲得之結果展示通式II(實例7)之材料能夠作為唯一起始劑使光聚合起始且繼續。通常,在商業光起始劑摻合物中,將胺基化合物與二苯甲酮衍生物混合以增強固化。以組合物8展示此實例,其中寡聚胺基酮與寡聚二苯甲酮Omnipol BP組合使用,從而雖然使用較少胺基酮,但保持良好固化特性。 通式I及II之胺基酮適用於輻射可固化組合物,該等輻射可固化組合物可藉由光化光源UV固化,諸如由高壓汞燈、中壓汞燈、氙燈、碳弧燈、金屬鹵化物燈、UV-LED燈或陽光提供之UV光。所施加照射之波長在310至500 nm、較佳320至395 nm範圍內。 由於通式I及II之胺基酮的高莫耳消光係數,其尤其適用於輻射可固化印刷油墨,例如UV快乾油墨、UV噴射油墨、UV凹版油墨或UV平版油墨。高消光係數還允許在高顏料系統中進行UV固化,其中顏料及起始劑為針對可用UV輻射之競爭劑。根據此項技術中已知之方法製備油墨,例如將顏料與珠粒研磨機或三輥式研磨機一起分散在本發明之輻射可固化組合物中,直至達成所需粒徑及顏色強度。 能量可固化油墨可含有一或多種著色劑,其呈分散於其中之染料或顏料形式。適用於本發明之顏料包括習知有機或無機顏料。代表性顏料可例如選擇以下各項之群組:顏料黃1、顏料黃3、顏料黃12、顏料黃13、顏料黃14、顏料黃17、顏料黃63、顏料黃65、顏料黃73、顏料黃74、顏料黃75、顏料黃83、顏料黃97、顏料黃98、顏料黃106、顏料黃111、顏料黃114、顏料黃121、顏料黃126、顏料黃127、顏料黃136、顏料黃138、顏料黃139、顏料黃174、顏料黃176、顏料黃188、顏料黃194、顏料橙5、顏料橙13、顏料橙16、顏料橙34、顏料橙36、顏料橙61、顏料橙62、顏料橙64、顏料紅2、顏料紅9、顏料紅14、顏料紅17、顏料紅22、顏料紅23、顏料紅37、顏料紅38、顏料紅41、顏料紅42、顏料紅48: 2、顏料紅53: 1、顏料紅57: 1、顏料紅81: 1、顏料紅112、顏料紅122、顏料紅170、顏料紅184、顏料紅210、顏料紅238、顏料紅266、顏料藍15、顏料藍15: 1、顏料藍15: 2、顏料藍15: 3、顏料藍15: 4、顏料藍61、顏料綠7、顏料綠36、顏料紫1、顏料紫19、顏料紫23、顏料黑7及類似物。 本發明之輻射可固化組合物及油墨可含有常用添加劑來改進所固化塗料或所印刷油墨之流動性、表面張力、色澤及耐磨性。 油墨或塗料中所含之此等添加劑典型地為表面活性劑、蠟或其組合。此等添加劑可充當流平劑、潤濕劑、增滑劑、分散劑及脫氣劑。較佳添加劑包括氟碳介面活性劑、矽酮、有機聚合物介面活性劑,及無機材料諸如滑石。實例包括Tegorad™產品系列(可自Tego Chemie, Essen, Germany商購)及Solsperse™產品系列(自Lubrizol公司商購之產品)。 本發明之輻射可固化組合物可視情況含有少量額外之I型及II型光起始劑,例如二苯甲酮、苄基縮酮、二烷氧基苯乙酮、羥基烷基苯乙酮、胺基烷基苯基酮、醯基氧化膦及噻噸酮,例如二苯甲酮、甲基二苯甲酮、4-苯基二苯甲酮、4,4'-雙(二甲基胺基)-二苯甲酮、4,4'-雙(二乙基胺基)-二苯甲酮、2,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮、二甲氧基苯乙酮、二乙氧基苯乙酮、2-羥基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙-1-酮、2-苄基-2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-(N-嗎啉基)苯基)-丁-1-酮、2-甲基-1-[4(甲氧基硫基)-苯基]-2-(N-嗎啉基)丙-2-酮、二苯基醯基苯基氧化膦、二苯基(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)氧化膦、2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基乙氧基苯基氧化膦、2-異丙基噻噸酮、4-異丙基噻噸酮、2,4-二甲基噻噸酮及其寡聚對應物。 待印刷之基板可由任何典型之基板材料組成,諸如紙、塑膠、金屬及複合物。基板可為典型地用於出版之印刷紙張,或可為片材、容器(諸如瓶或罐)或類似物形式之包裝材料。在多數情況下,包裝材料為聚烯烴,諸如聚乙基或聚丙烯;聚酯,諸如聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯;或金屬,諸如鋁箔;金屬化聚酯或金屬容器。 本發明之輻射可固化組合物尤其適於此等應用,其中不存在具有遷移趨勢或懷疑引起健康風險之小分子。此等應用為例如(食物)包裝物品之塗佈,其中尤其小光起始劑分子尤其不合意。 將能量可固化組合物塗覆至包裝材料之後,包裝材料可用於含有任何種類之液體或固體材料,如食物、飲料、化妝品、生物材料或試樣、藥品等。實例
以下實例說明本發明之特定方面,且不意欲在任何方面限制其範疇且不應如此理解。 分子量測定: 藉由凝膠滲透層析(GPC)使用三個GPC柱(由PSS(Polymer Standards Service-USA公司製造),SDV 5 µm 1000Å,SDV 5 µm 500Å,SDV 5 µm 100Å)以1.0 ml/min之流速,用四氫呋喃(THF)溶離,且在40℃之柱溫下,單分散聚苯乙烯當量分子量校準下,量測分子量。使用差示折光率偵測器(RI)及UV偵測器(254 nm)。自量測結果計算分散性(Mw/Mn)。 UV光譜量測: 使用Unicam UV-2 UV/VIS分光光度計獲取光譜。所有吸收光譜均使用1 cm吸收池,在200 - 800 nm範圍內掃描獲得。在100 ml容量瓶中製備溶液,且若需要,隨後稀釋使得獲得小於2之最大吸光度。自吸收值計算莫耳消光係數,單位:公升·mol-1
·cm-1
。 FTIR光譜量測: 使用表面反射比法(固體樣品,Golden Gate單反射菱形衰減全反射比附件(Golden Gate single reflection diamond attenuated total reflectance accessory)),在Bio-Rad Excalibur FTS 3000分光光度計上記錄傅裡葉變換紅外(FTIR)光譜。 熔點: 藉由校準之Büchi熔點裝置測定熔點。實例 1 (比較性):合成寡聚二官能胺基苯甲酸酯
在80-100℃下,將20.4 g(0.105 mol)四乙二醇溶於38.6(0.20 mol)N,N-二甲基胺基苯甲酸乙酯(EDB)中。接著,添加1.0 ml異丙醇鈦且在氮下將反應混合物加熱至170℃,持續三小時。接著,施加真空(20 hPa)30分鐘。留下棕色澄清液體。數天後,液體結晶成淺琥珀色固體。產率:47.2 g(96%) 表徵: 分子量:數均:478;重均:492 純度:98面積%(GPC) 熔點:48-52℃ 吸收最大值:308 nm實例 2 (比較性) : 合成寡聚三官能胺基苯甲酸酯 將55.0 g N,N-二甲基胺基苯甲酸乙酯(EDB)及45.0 g乙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷(Mw平均值:約450)饋入裝備溫度計、機械攪拌器、氮入口管、冷凝器及接收器之250 ml燒瓶中。將氮气以三個氣泡/秒之速率引入。接著,將混合物加熱至60℃,直至EDB完全進入溶液中。接著添加1.5 g異丙醇鈦(Tyzor TPT),將混合物加熱至150-170℃,且餾出乙醇。在乙醇形成停止之後,在170℃下再繼續反應3-5小時,以最小化EDB之殘餘量。 產率:87.8g。 表徵: 殘餘:EDB 0.1%,藉由定量GC測定 分子量:數均:943; 重均:973 純度:96面積%(GPC) 黏度:在25℃下20.5 Pas(D = 50 1/s) 吸收最大值:310 nm實例 3 :合成通式 I 之胺基酮 其中n及Y如以上所定義。 將40.8 g(0.25 mol)4-二甲基胺基苯乙酮、175 ml(4.3 mol)甲醇及6.7 ml(7.3 g;0.09 mol)福馬林(於水中37%濃度(strength))引入四頸燒瓶且在攪拌及氮氛圍下加熱至60-65℃。添加8.0 g氫氧化鈉溶液(於水中25%濃度),且將反應混合物加熱至高達67℃。經30分鐘添加12.3 ml(13.4 g,0.165 mol)福馬林(於水中37%濃度),且將反應混合物加熱至69-75℃,且在回流下保持5小時。接著,餾出甲醇及水。藉由強力攪拌用溫水(200 ml,80℃)洗滌所獲得之混合物,且在冷卻至45℃時,傾析出洗滌介質。將此洗滌程序重複三次。在真空中乾燥所獲得之黃色樹脂。 視情況而定,藉由向甲醇中逐滴添加於乙酸乙酯中之20%樹脂溶液來再次沈澱樹脂,得到淡黃色沈澱物。將所獲得之固體過濾,用甲醇洗滌且乾燥。 表徵: 分子量:數均:469;重均:580 IR: (cm-1): 2893, 2867, 2809, 1653, 1587 (vs), 1547, 1525, 1482 (w), 1432, 1364, 1277, 1230, 1182, 1163 (s), 1117, 1063, 1005, 942, 819, 762, 691 (w) 吸收最大值:325 nm實例 4 :合成通式 I 之胺基酮 其中n、m及Y如以上所定義;且 n與m之間的莫耳比為1:1。 將245.0 g(1.5 mol)4-(二甲基胺基)苯乙酮、180 g(1.5 mol)苯乙酮、600 ml(14.8 mol)甲醇及88.0 g(0.18 mol)甲醛溶液(於水中37%濃度)置於四頸燒瓶中,且在攪拌及氮氛圍下加熱至60-65℃,得到澄清溶液。 添加96 g 25重量%濃度之氫氧化鈉溶液(0.6 mol),且將反應混合物加熱至67-70℃。在45分鐘之時間段內,添加148 ml(161 g,1.98 mol)甲醛溶液(於水中37%濃度),且接著將反應混合物加熱至69-75℃且在回流下保持5小時。藉由冷凝直至回流介質之81℃的內部溫度來移除甲醇/水(收集到約540 ml)。 用沸水(1000 ml)洗滌所獲得之樹脂,且在冷卻至65℃時,傾析出洗滌介質。重複此洗滌程序直至洗滌水為中性。將所獲得之固體乾燥且製成粉末。 對於視情況存在之進一步純化,將所乾燥之樹脂溶解於少量適當溶劑例如乙酸乙酯之中。過濾渾濁黃色溶液。藉由向甲醇中逐滴添加溶液來沈澱澄清濾液(1000 ml甲醇用於100 g),得到淺黃色沈澱物。過濾且乾燥所獲得之固體,得到350 g淺黃色澄清且脆性樹脂。 表徵: 分子量:數均714; 重均921 顏色:2加德納(Gardner)(於甲苯中50%) IR光譜: (cm-1
): IR: (cm-1): 3058, 2911, 2857, 2814, 1661 (s), 1590 (vs), 1547, 1527, 1482 (w), 1441, 1368, 1320, 1233, 1182 (sh), 1167 (s), 1105, 1001, 941, 821, 789, 762, 696 (vs) 吸收最大值:328 nm(於THF中)實例 5 :合成通式 I 之胺基酮 其中n、m及Y如以上所定義; o為1-50之整數;且 n:m:o之莫耳比為1:1:1。 將49.1 g(0.25 mol)4-乙醯基聯苯、30.0 g(0.25 mol)苯乙酮、40.8 g(0.25 mol)4-二甲基胺基苯乙酮、35 ml乙醇、0.25 g苄基三乙基氯化銨及11.2 ml 37重量%甲醛水溶液置於裝備機械攪拌器、內部溫度計、滴液漏斗(氫氧化鈉溶液及隨後甲醛溶液)及裝備有使回流分開之蒸餾控制器的回流冷凝器之四頸燒瓶中。在惰性氮氛圍下,將其中的物質在攪拌下加熱至約80℃,得到黃色澄清溶液。在70℃下,將18.8 g(0.19 mol)氫氧化鈉溶液(於水中40重量%)逐滴添加至反應混合物。放熱反應開始,從而將混合物加熱至約78℃,得到黃色、稍微渾濁之反應混合物。經20分鐘,在75-80℃下添加45 ml(0.6 mol)福馬林(於37%濃度)。接著,將反應混合物加熱至回流,持續2 h。藉由使用使回流分開之蒸餾控制器(每兩秒一滴)來冷凝直至90℃之內部溫度來移除溶劑。回流2 h後,移除約42 ml溶劑,得到較高黏度之反應混合物。為完全反應,在約94℃之內部溫度下添加第三部分之福馬林。回流繼續約20分鐘,直至107℃之內部溫度。不進一步蒸發溶劑。總計收集到57 ml溶劑。停止加熱且將樹脂冷卻至97℃。為進行中和,將51.3 g 22重量%乙酸水溶液(11.25 g;0.1875 mol;10.7 ml 100%乙酸於40 ml水之中)在攪拌下緩慢添加至熔融樹脂。在90℃下,樹脂開始凝固。洗滌「水」之pH值經測定為6至7。藉由傾析分離水。將樹脂加熱至85-95℃且用300 ml水洗滌兩次。每次藉由傾析分離水且pH值經量測為約5。藉由自甲醇(1.1 l)再次沈澱所溶解之樹脂(120 g於120 ml乙酸乙酯中)移出殘餘物。使用孔徑為(D2)之玻璃粉燒結粗產物,且在真空中乾燥。 產率:125 g,再次沈澱後:90 g灰色固體 表徵: 分子量:數均:1150;重均:1770 IR光譜: (cm-1): 3048, 2928, 1666 (s), 1589 (vs), 1543, 1439, 1367, 1229, 1180, 946, 820, 741 (s), 691 (vs); UV光譜:濃度 = 27.5 mg寡聚物/公升實例 6 : 合成通式 II 之胺基酮的前驅物 將29.0 g N,N-二甲基苯胺、29.6 g鄰苯二甲酸酐及100 ml苯分散,且用52.0 g三氯化鋁按多份進行處理,以使得溫度不超過25℃。接著,將混合物在室溫下攪拌1小時,接著在55-60℃攪拌30分鐘。接著,將混合物冷卻至室溫且用60 ml 20%硫酸進行處理。自沈澱物傾析出溶劑,且將沈澱物分散在1 l水中。用6 g氫氧化鈉溶液(6 g氫氧化鈉於60 ml中)處理水。藉由過濾收集所沈澱之綠色固體,得到27 g粗製產物。 純化:將粗製產物分散在500 ml水中且將pH調整至8-9。接著,當少量綠色固體副產物沈澱出時,過濾水溶液,且酸化至pH 6-7,將該綠色固體副產物丟棄。接著將溶液酸化至pH 3-4,此時沈澱出白色固體,將其過濾、用水洗滌且乾燥。 產率:23.5 g 表徵: 熔點:209-211℃ 純度(氣相層析法)99%(三甲基矽烷基衍生化) 純度(GPC):99% 吸收最大值:342 nm 莫耳消光係數:33,800 [公升·mol-1
·cm-1
]實例 7 : 合成通式 II 之胺基酮 將13.5 g(0.05 mol)實例6之產物與9.65 g(0.0245 mol)四乙二醇及50 mg丁基氫氧化氧化錫混合。接著,在氮流下在190℃下將反應混合物加熱5小時。留下暗棕色澄清液體。 產率:21.5 g 表徵: GPC:85面積%二官能(UV偵測器);12面積%單官能(UV偵測器)實例 8 :平版 UV- 可固化黑油墨
清漆: 由來自實例4及5之胺基酮樹脂製備兩種清漆(清漆2及3),且由酮樹脂製備一種清漆(清漆1)。將所有清漆均溶解於乙氧基化新戊四醇四丙烯酸酯中,且用聚合抑制劑進行穩定。清漆之組成及黏度展示在表5中。 油墨: 在Buehler三輥式研磨機上在30℃下在1.5 MPa之壓力下2遍自清漆1-3製備黑平版油墨1-3。 UV固化測試法(背印測試):在UV固化後,直接將板基板(incada exel或silk - 3×3 cm2)之反面施加在固化之油墨樣品上。將兩者引入在按壓機上且施加10 t之壓力。達到壓力後,釋放印刷品。用密度計量測板基板上之背印材料且與標準進行比較。結果展示在表6中。 黏度:用錐板式Physika 300流變儀在25℃下(D = 2-100 l/s)量測黏度。 黏著性:用經校準之「測黏儀(Tack-o-scope)」(1 ml油墨在30℃下在50 rpm保持90秒,接著在300 rpm保持30秒)量測黏著性。接著取150 rpm下之黏度值。表 5. 清漆之 組成及特性 表 6 :油墨之組成及特性
現已詳細描述本發明,包括其較佳實施例。然而,應理解熟習此項技術者在考慮本揭示案之後可對本發明作出修改和/或改進,該等修改和/或改進屬於本發明之範疇及精神。
圖1:展示實例3之胺基酮組合物的UV吸收光譜。 圖2:展示實例5之胺基酮組合物的UV吸收光譜。 圖3:展示實例4及6之新穎胺基酮組合物與兩種可商購光起始劑Omnipol BP及Genopol AB之比較性UV吸收光譜。
Claims (11)
- 一種通式II之胺基酮,其中各R3獨立地選自支鏈或直鏈C1-12烷基或C3-12環烷基,其各自獨立地視情況經R7取代;R5選自由以下各項組成之群:二-、三-、四-、五-及六價烷基,其視情況經氧取代;R6選自由以下各項組成之群:H、支鏈或直鏈C1-12烷基及C6-12芳基;R7選自由以下各項組成之群:氧、氮及硫;及r表示2-6之整數。
- 一種UV可固化組合物,其包含一或多種如請求項1通式II之胺基酮,及一或多種丙烯酸酯。
- 如請求項2之組合物,其為UV可固化塗料或油墨。
- 如請求項3之組合物,其中該UV可固化塗料或油墨可用波長為310-400nm之UV光固化。
- 如請求項3或4之組合物,其中該UV可固化塗料或油墨進一步包含著色劑。
- 如請求項3或4之組合物,其中該UV可固化塗料或油墨不包含分裂型光起始劑。
- 一種UV可固化塗料,包含如請求項1通式II之胺基酮,其中該UV可固化塗料可藉由發光二極體(LED)固化。
- 如請求項7之UV可固化塗料,其係油墨。
- 如請求項7或8之UV可固化塗料,其不包含分裂型光起始劑。
- 一種低遷移印刷材料,其包含如請求項3至6中任一項所定義之UV可固化塗料或油墨或如請求項7至9中任一項之UV可固化塗料。
- 一種固化材料,其可藉由以UV輻射固化如請求項3至6中任一項所定義之UV可固化塗料或油墨或如請求項7至9中任一項之UV可固化塗料而獲得。
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US20180251648A1 (en) | 2018-09-06 |
CN107266328B (zh) | 2019-11-19 |
CN107266328A (zh) | 2017-10-20 |
JP6743237B2 (ja) | 2020-08-19 |
TW201506003A (zh) | 2015-02-16 |
WO2015023371A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
US9982150B2 (en) | 2018-05-29 |
CN105517990A (zh) | 2016-04-20 |
TW201815744A (zh) | 2018-05-01 |
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