TWI654069B - 可減少邊緣珠粒之共擠壓印刷頭 - Google Patents

可減少邊緣珠粒之共擠壓印刷頭

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TWI654069B
TWI654069B TW103141277A TW103141277A TWI654069B TW I654069 B TWI654069 B TW I654069B TW 103141277 A TW103141277 A TW 103141277A TW 103141277 A TW103141277 A TW 103141277A TW I654069 B TWI654069 B TW I654069B
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科里 林恩 科布
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帕洛阿爾托研究中心公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/027—Coating heads with several outlets, e.g. aligned transversally to the moving direction of a web to be coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0023—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with printing or marking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/19—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their edges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/345—Extrusion nozzles comprising two or more adjacently arranged ports, for simultaneously extruding multiple strands, e.g. for pelletising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/695—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates
    • B29C48/70—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates comprising means for dividing, distributing and recombining melt flows
    • B29C48/71—Flow dividers, e.g. breaker plates comprising means for dividing, distributing and recombining melt flows for layer multiplication
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92114—Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92152—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
    • B29C2948/92447—Moulded article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92609—Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92647—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92942—Moulded article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
    • B29C48/2568—Inserts
    • B29C48/25686—Inserts for dies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49401—Fluid pattern dispersing device making, e.g., ink jet

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)

Abstract

一種共擠壓印刷頭，其具有至少一通道，以及以使流體流動的方式連接至該通道之一組孔口，其中該組孔口於其各個邊緣處係具有比其他孔口有較小垂直高度之至少一孔口。

Description

可減少邊緣珠粒之共擠壓印刷頭
本發明整體上係有關一種通過一共擠壓工藝所製造之印刷頭。
共擠壓印刷頭係可使兩種或更多種材料同時擠出至一基板上。此類材料通常由充填有粒狀物的漿料及液體所組成。共擠壓印刷頭的實例及其應用係可見於美國專利第7,799,371、8,117,983及7,780,812號中，以及美國專利公報第20100505及20121539號中。某些的應用係使用高度充填的漿料，諸如用於電池電極的製造者。此類漿料(尤其是高度充填的漿料)的擠出過程有時會導致邊緣珠粒的形成，如圖1及圖2所示。
圖1顯示一由一種具有邊緣珠粒12的材料10所形成之單片薄膜。圖2顯示一由至少兩種材料14、16所形成且具有一邊緣珠粒18之薄膜。然而，對於大多數薄膜而言係希望有小於2%的厚度變化。通常會進行一些機械或化學後製 處理以去除邊緣珠粒。這可增進整體處理時間或硬體的複雜度。
一些用於消除邊緣珠粒的方法包含供給額外的聚合物到擠製過程中以提供一個可以接著在從模具抽出薄膜後被切除之可控制邊緣，如美國專利第4,348,346號中所示。另一種方法係使用壓縮氣體在側邊上向下推送以強迫該等邊緣珠粒向下移動，如美國專利第5,398,372號中所示。另一種方法係使用一定邊器或柵欄以控制邊緣珠粒，如美國專利第3,797,987及3,694,132號中所示。一具有邊緣雕塑機構之近似方法係顯示於美國專利公報第20130020737號中。
下列的內容詳述陳述了實施本發明該等示例性實施例的當前最佳實施模式。這些陳述並非用於限定本發明，僅僅在於解釋本發明基本原理，因為本發明的範圍最佳係由所附申請專利範圍所界定。
下文描述了各種發明特徵，每一特徵係可彼此獨立或與其它特徵組合。
概括地說，本發明該等實施例整體上提供了一種包括至少一通道之共擠製印刷頭。
在本發明的另一態樣中，其包括一組以使流體流動的方式連接至該通道之孔口，其中該組孔口於其各個邊緣處係具有比其他孔口有較小垂直高度之至少一孔口。
10、14、16‧‧‧材料
12、18‧‧‧邊緣珠粒
20‧‧‧印刷頭
24、26、28‧‧‧通道
30‧‧‧底板
32‧‧‧通口
40‧‧‧固定板
42‧‧‧頂板
44‧‧‧中板
46、48‧‧‧孔口
50‧‧‧孔口子集
52‧‧‧第一平板
54‧‧‧平板
62‧‧‧結構
64‧‧‧印刷基板
66、68‧‧‧曲線
70、76、74‧‧‧材料
72‧‧‧基底
圖1及圖2係顯示在擠出材料上的邊緣珠粒。
圖3係顯示一共擠壓頭之實施例。
圖4-6係顯示一共擠壓頭之實施例之端視圖。
圖7及圖8係顯示使用在一共擠壓頭中之二個孔板之實施例之俯視圖。
圖9及圖10係顯示相對於一目標基底該階梯狀噴出口幾何結構的可能位向。
圖11係顯示共擠壓印製物的表面輪廓比較圖。
圖12及圖13係顯示使用一階梯狀共擠壓印刷頭的經印製材料之實施例。
如上所述，圖1及圖2顯示了藉由一共擠壓印刷頭所印製或沉積之材料。該等材料通常呈現為具有粒狀物懸浮於其中之漿料及液體。此類材料具有許多不同的應用及用途。似乎適合於此類經印製材料的一個特定應用為電池組件。該共擠壓印刷頭係可擠出一或多種材料。通常，當該印刷頭擠出一或多種材料時，其一般會將材料擠製成交替的條紋。
圖3之印刷頭20係由至少二個平板所組成。本文所使用之術語「平板」係可為一片、一張或任何其他形式之可堆疊形成該印刷頭的材料。該印刷頭於其底板30上具有 一排出通道24。該排出通道係通過至少一或多個通道26而送料。每一通口32係供料至個別的通道(諸如28)。該印刷頭20的頂板可具有多個通口22。材料係供給至該等通口22內並經由該等通道26而供到該末端通道24以排出該印刷頭20，最後到達該基板上成為印製物。應理解這僅為一共擠製印刷頭的一個實例，且本文該等實施例係可應用於不同種類的印刷頭。
圖4-6係顯示一共擠壓印刷頭20由端視圖所見之視圖。在圖4中，該印刷頭之實施例係具有一底部或固定板40。至少一平板，例如中板44具有一組可使該材料(該等材料)離開該印刷頭20之孔口。圖4中的印刷頭亦可具有一頂板42。
圖5係由該中板44顯示該組孔口之更詳細視圖。於該組孔口中的大多數孔口(諸如46)係具有一特定的垂直高度。然而，該組孔口中於其各個邊緣處之至少一者(諸如48)係具有比其他孔口較小的垂直高度。圖6示出了顯示於該組孔口的子集50中的邊緣孔口之近視圖。
在圖6中，該等孔口的子集顯示了該等具有「完全」垂直程度的孔口(諸如46)，以及在本實施例中具有二個具較小或較短垂直高度的其他孔口(諸如48)。本文所使用之術語「垂直」係指其相對於圖4至圖6中所示之印刷頭位向。應理解該術語「垂直」的使用並不意在限制該等實施例的應用，也不應假設有這樣的限制。
在圖6中，該等孔口係由二個平板所形成。該第 一平板52具有完整的孔口組(諸如48)。在第一平板52上的孔口的垂直高度大約為最後形成的孔口(諸如46)垂直高度的一半。該平板54具有孔口數量比第一組孔口較少的第二組孔口。此二平板中之孔口係對齊排列，讓第一組孔口中之至少一者因為該第二平板在諸如48的孔口位置處不具有孔口而阻塞。可使用兩個以上的平板，每一個連續的平板具有比前一個平板較少的孔口。或者，較短的孔口係可產生自一具有一組都是相同大小的孔口之平板，但有某一部件係於排出處覆蓋該等有較小高度的孔口的一部分，或返回到該材料所進入之通道處填充或阻塞該等通道。其可為一裝設於該平板的排出表面之小型部件或薄膜。
圖7係顯示在一印刷頭中諸如圖4元件20示出該通道組般之孔口平板上視圖，而圖8顯示了元件52及54的上視圖。在圖8中，於各個邊緣上的四個通道係與該等比其他孔口(諸如46)有較小垂直高度的孔口48相匹配。在各個邊緣處的孔口並沒有限制為任何的特定數量。此外，也沒有限制該等較小的孔口是否與其它孔口的底部或與其它孔口的頂部對齊。如圖4至圖6所示，較短的孔口係與其他孔口的頂部對齊。由於圖7及圖8僅示出孔口平板52及54，在此視圖中該等通道並未顯現出流體路徑會於該等通道的「下方」。平板54係位於平板52的上方，其中係以虛線表示隱藏在平板54下方的噴嘴。
這般的對齊排列導致了如在圖9中的階梯狀孔口結構，其中該組在另一孔口組頂部的孔口係具有較少的孔 口。此堆疊結構的「頂部」係最遠離該印刷基板64。圖10顯示了另一種結構62，其中，該組較小的孔口係於底部，此堆疊結構的底部係最接近該印刷基板。
最終由一印刷頭所生成的印製物或擠製物係具有一沒有邊緣珠粒的階梯狀結構，或是若其具有邊緣珠粒時，該邊緣珠粒會比在圖1及圖2中所示的先前實施結果要小得多。圖11顯示了在距離一樣本印製物的左邊緣不同距離處所測得的材料厚度圖示。曲線66係表示由一非階梯狀印刷頭所印製的樣本。曲線68係顯示由一階梯狀印刷頭所得之印製物數據。可藉由此圖示看出，該階梯狀印刷頭會產生沒有邊緣珠粒的印製物。
出於比較目的，圖12及圖13顯示了如同在圖1及圖2中之近似印製物外形。在圖12中，該材料70係擠出至一基底72上，且明顯沒有邊緣珠粒。在圖13中，該印製物顯示了在基底72上的交替材料76及74亦不具有邊緣珠粒。
在此方法中，一共擠壓的階梯狀印刷頭係可產生有預期平坦度且不具邊緣珠粒的經印製材料。該階梯狀結構係可藉由製造在一或多層中具有較少孔口的平板而實現，或可藉由插入某些種類的材料以阻塞在現存印刷頭上的孔口而產生。應理解部分的阻塞可能取決於該等較短的孔口而需要在該通道的整個水平範圍上進行，否則可能會導致材料積累的問題。
須了解若干個上文所揭示的及其他的特徵及功能或其替代可依需要結合為許多其他的不同系統或應用。同 樣地，各種目前無法預見或預料的替代、修改、變化或其中的改善隨後可由那些熟悉此項技藝者製成，該等亦打算由下列的申請專利範圍來加以涵蓋。

Claims (14)

  1. 一種共擠壓印刷頭，包括：至少一通道；一組以流體可流通方式連接至該通道之孔口，其中該組孔口於其各個邊緣處具有至少一孔口，該至少一孔口具有比其他孔口較小的垂直高度，其中該組孔口包含一組在至少二平板上之開孔，且該二平板包含第一平板及第二平板，該第一平板具有一預定數量的第一組副孔口，而該第二平板具有數量比該預定數量少的第二組副孔口，其中該第二組副孔口具有比該預定數量少的副孔口。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共擠壓印刷頭，其中該至少一孔口係一個、二個或四個孔口。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共擠壓印刷頭，其更包括一配置在該組孔口下方之固定板。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共擠壓印刷頭，其更包括一設於該組孔口頂部之頂板。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共擠壓印刷頭，其中該具有較小垂直高度之至少一孔口係與該組孔口中的其他孔口之頂部對齊。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共擠壓印刷頭，其中該具有較小垂直高度之至少一孔口係與該組孔口中的其他孔口之底部對齊。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共擠壓印刷頭，其更包括第三組副孔口，該第三組副孔口具有比該第二組副孔口少的副孔口。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共擠壓印刷頭，其更包括一設於各邊緣處的具有較小垂直高度的至少一孔口上之塊體。
  9. 一種共擠壓印刷頭，包括：第一平板，其具有第一組孔口；第二平板，其具有第二組孔口，其中該第二組孔口具有比第一平板少的孔口；第一平板及第二平板相推疊以對齊該等孔口，使得在該印刷頭的各邊緣處的至少一孔口比其他孔口具有較小的垂直高度。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之共擠壓印刷頭，另包含一其上配置有第一及第二平板的固定板。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之共擠壓印刷頭，另包含一設於該第一及第二平板上方的頂板。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之共擠壓印刷頭，其中該第一平板係設於第二平板下方。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之共擠壓印刷頭，其中該第一平板係設於第二平板上方。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之共擠壓印刷頭，另包含具有第三組孔口的第三平板。
TW103141277A 2013-12-12 2014-11-27 可減少邊緣珠粒之共擠壓印刷頭 TWI654069B (zh)

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