TWI651881B - 電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法 - Google Patents

電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法 Download PDF

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TWI651881B
TWI651881B TW107100351A TW107100351A TWI651881B TW I651881 B TWI651881 B TW I651881B TW 107100351 A TW107100351 A TW 107100351A TW 107100351 A TW107100351 A TW 107100351A TW I651881 B TWI651881 B TW I651881B
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battery
charging
voltage
internal resistance
resistance value
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呂永奇
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大有能源科技有限公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/53—Batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/13—Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

一種電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法，其方法包括有：依照電動載具之驅動馬達所需的電壓設置一第一電池組，第一電池組包括有至少二個以上電性連接之第一電池，該等第一電池具有一第一內阻值；另單獨設置至少一第二電池，該第二電池之電壓與該等第一電池之電壓相等，該第二電池具有一第二內阻值；將第一內阻值與第二內阻值其內阻值差距範圍≦1.5Ω之該等第一電池與第二電池進行電性連接；再將第一電池組及第二電池進行充電，並設定第一電池組之平均電壓的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點，以及設定第二電池的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點。

Description

電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法
本發明係有關一種電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法，特別是指將第一內阻值與第二內阻值其內阻值差距範圍≦1.5Ω之該等第一電池與第二電池進行電性連接，並設定由該等第一電池所組成的第一電池組之平均電壓的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點，以及設定第二電池的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點。
隨著環保意識抬頭，節能減碳的概念逐漸受眾人所重視，綠色能源的開發與利用成為世界各國積極投入發展的重點。也因為如此，近年來電動載具越來越受歡迎，主要原因是電動載具不需傳統燃料(如：石化汽油)作為驅動能源，因此不會排放廢氣，符合現今節能減碳與環保意識。
按，電動載具主要是利用所設之電池模組將電能供應至驅動馬達，由驅動馬達驅動連結電動載具之車輪，讓驅動馬達將電能轉換成動能，藉以帶動電動載具之車輪轉動，達到電動載具不需傳統燃料而可行駛。
也因此現今電動載具可行駛之距離，乃取決於電動載具之電池模組的蓄電量；然而，現今電動載具之電池模組的電池容量有限，無法行駛長距離，與現有以傳統燃料為動力的載具相比，現今電動載具之行使 續航力相差甚遠。
除此之外，現今電動載具仍無法普及之缺點在於，現今電動載具之電池模組其充電效益仍不彰，即電動載具之電池模組於充電過程，因電池模組內部複數電池充電不平均，導致電池模組於充電過程容易產生部分電池過熱之現象，致使造成電池模組爆炸之可能性；此外也因電池模組內部複數電池充電不平均，導致電池模組於放電過程容易產生部分電池其電量過低之現象，致使造成電池模組損壞之情況。
是以，如何研發一種可對電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法，即為本發明所欲解決之課題所在。
鑒於以上問題，本發明在於提供一種電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法，其方法包括有：計算出一電動載具之驅動馬達的所需電壓；設置一第一電池組，所述第一電池組包括有至少二個或二個以上相互電性連接之第一電池，且每一顆第一電池具有一第一內阻值；另單獨設置至少一第二電池，第二電池用以與第一電池組電性連接，令第二電池之電壓與該等第一電池之電壓相等，且第二電池具有一第二內阻值；將第一內阻值與第二內阻值其內阻值差距範圍≦1.5Ω之該等第一電池與第二電池進行電性連接，令第一電池組電性連接第二電池之總電壓與驅動馬達所需之電壓相等；最後，將所述第一電池組及所述第二電池進行充電，並設定第一電池組之平均電壓的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點，以及設定第二電池的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點。
本發明之功效在於，利用第一電池組之複數第一電池的第一內阻值與第二電池的第二內阻值其內阻值差距範圍≦1.5Ω，當於充電時，第一電池組之複數第一電池與第二電池則可穩定、平均的充電；此外，再利用設定第一電池組之平均電壓的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點，及設定第二電池的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點，當於充電時，使得第一電池組及第二電池可降低充電時所產生的熱能；又，當於放電時，由第二電池之電池容量作為第一電池組其電池容量的回補，使得提升第一電池組之放電(供電)效益，藉以提升電動載具可行駛之距離。
1‧‧‧第一電池組
11‧‧‧第一電池
2‧‧‧第二電池
3‧‧‧電動載具
第1圖：係本發明電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法一流程圖。
第2圖：係本發明電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法一實施例架構示意圖。
請先參閱第1、2圖所示之示意圖，本發明揭露一種電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法，其方法包括有：
步驟100：計算出一電動載具3之驅動馬達的所需電壓。
步驟110：設置一第一電池組1，第一電池組1包括有至少二個或二個以上相互電性連接之第一電池11，且每一顆第一電池11具有一第一內阻值。
步驟120：另單獨設置至少一第二電池2，所述第二電池2用以與第一電池組1電性連接，令第二電池2之電壓與該等第一電池11之電壓相等，且第二電池2具有一第二內阻值。
步驟130：將第一內阻值與第二內阻值其內阻值差距範圍≦1.5Ω之該等第一電池11(即第一電池組1)與第二電池2進行電性連接，令第一電池組1電性連接第二電池2之總電壓與電動載具3之驅動馬達所需之電壓相等。
步驟140：將所述第一電池組1及所述第二電池2進行充電，並設定第一電池組1之平均電壓的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點，以及設定第二電池2的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點。
所述步驟130之中，第一電池組1之複數第一電池11的第一內阻值其內阻值差距範圍≦1.5Ω。
所述第一電池組1之複數第一電池11的電池容量相等第二電池2之電池容量。
所述第一電池11及第二電池2可以是鋰電池。
所述步驟140之中，可透過一充電裝置設定第一電池組1之平均電壓的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點，以及設定第二電池2的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點。
綜上所述，本發明之技術特徵在於：利用第一電池組1之複數第一電池11的第一內阻值與第二電池2的第二內阻值其內阻值差距範圍≦1.5Ω，以及利用複數第一電池11的電池容量相等第二電池2之電池容量，當第一電池組1與第二電池2於充電時，第一電池組1之複數第一 電池11與第二電池2則可穩定、平均的充電，避免因電池充電不平均，而造成部分電池因過度充電而產生爆炸之情形；此外，當第一電池組1與第二電池2於放電時，第一電池組1之複數第一電池11與第二電池2也可穩定、平均的放電，避免因電池放電不平均，而造成部分電池因過度放電而產生損毀之情形。此外，再利用設定第一電池組1之平均電壓的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點，及設定第二電池2的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點，當於充電時，使得第一電池組1及第二電池2可降低充電時所產生的熱能，同時可縮短充電所需之時間。
值得注意的事，當於放電時，可由第一電池組1作為電動載具3之主要供電來源，而由第二電池2之電池容量作為第一電池組1其電池容量的回補，使得提升第一電池組1之放電(供電)效益，藉以提升電動載具3可行駛之距離。

Claims (4)

  1. 一種電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法，其方法包括有：1.計算出一電動載具之驅動馬達的所需電壓；2.設置一第一電池組，該第一電池組包括有至少二個或二個以上相互電性連接之第一電池，每一個該第一電池具有一第一內阻值；3.另單獨設置至少一第二電池，該第二電池用以與該第一電池組電性連接，令該第二電池之電壓與該等第一電池之電壓相等，且該第二電池具有一第二內阻值；4.將該第一內阻值與該第二內阻值其內阻值差距範圍≦1.5Ω之每一個該第一電池與該第二電池進行電性連接，令該第一電池組電性連接該第二電池之總電壓與該驅動馬達所需之電壓相等；5.將該第一電池組及該第二電池進行充電，並設定該第一電池組之平均電壓的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點，以及設定該第二電池的75%~95%電壓值為充電停止點；藉此，當於充電時，該第一電池組之充電限制介於其平均電壓之75%~95%電壓值，該第二電池之充電限制介於其75%~95%電壓值，使得該第一電池組及該第二電池能穩定充電及降低充電時所產生的熱能；當於放電時，由該第二電池之電池容量作為該第一電池組其電池容量的回補，使得提升該第一電池組之放電效益。
  2. 如請求項1所述之電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法，其中每一個該第一電池之第一內阻值其內阻值差距範圍≦1.5Ω。
  3. 如請求項1所述之電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法，其中該等第一電池之電池容量相等該第二電池之電池容量。
  4. 如請求項1所述之電動載具之電池穩定充電及延長供電時效之充電方法，其中每一個該第一電池及該第二電池可以是鋰電池。
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