TWI649540B - 無電池旋轉編碼器 - Google Patents

無電池旋轉編碼器 Download PDF

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TWI649540B
TWI649540B TW106136971A TW106136971A TWI649540B TW I649540 B TWI649540 B TW I649540B TW 106136971 A TW106136971 A TW 106136971A TW 106136971 A TW106136971 A TW 106136971A TW I649540 B TWI649540 B TW I649540B
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output signal
piezoelectric transducer
rotatable
field magnet
counter
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TW106136971A
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TW201917353A (zh
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莊凱翔
張元泰
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財團法人工業技術研究院
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Priority to TW106136971A priority Critical patent/TWI649540B/zh
Priority to CN201711180251.2A priority patent/CN109708671A/zh
Priority to US15/891,554 priority patent/US10598512B2/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/18—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying effective impedance of discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • G01D5/183—Sensing rotation or linear movement using strain, force or pressure sensors
    • G01D5/185—Sensing rotation or linear movement using strain, force or pressure sensors using piezoelectric sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D11/00—Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D11/24—Housings ; Casings for instruments
    • G01D11/245—Housings for sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
    • G01D5/145—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/245—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using a variable number of pulses in a train
    • G01D5/2451—Incremental encoders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/3473—Circular or rotary encoders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/487—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by rotating magnets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B11/026—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring distance between sensor and object
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/003—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring position, not involving coordinate determination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

本發明提供一種無電池旋轉編碼器，此無電池旋轉編碼器包括÷旋轉檢測部以及訊號處理部。旋轉檢測部包括

Description

無電池旋轉編碼器
本發明有關於一種無電池旋轉編碼器。
在工業應用中，最重要的生產工具之一為工具機，例如機械手臂、打線機、電腦數值控制(Computer Numerical Control，CNC)車床等。解析及定位是工具機最重要的工作，通常由編碼器執行。當斷電時，工具機無法判讀位置更動資訊。待電力恢復後，工具機透過編碼器進行回家校正(Home Return)，以找回位置原點。
熟知的編碼器通常設置備份電池。當電力系統正常供電時，編碼器使用電力系統供應電源，當斷電時，使用電力系統供應電源改由備份電池供應電源。然而，備份電池的需定期更換，給工廠帶來了很大的不便，也提高生產成本。
本發明之實施例提供一種無電池旋轉編碼 器，該無電池旋轉編碼器包括旋轉檢測部以及訊號處理部。旋轉檢測部包括可旋轉勵磁體(rotational exciter magnet)以及壓電換能器(piezoelectric transducer)。壓電換能器疊合(laminate)磁性材料以及壓電換能片，磁性材料朝向可旋轉勵磁體，其中，當可旋轉勵磁體轉動時，可旋轉勵磁體吸引或排斥磁性材料，使得壓電換能片受磁性材料之擠壓或拉伸，而產生第一輸出訊號。訊號處理部包括計數器以及整流器。計數器接收第一輸出訊號，計算第一輸出訊號之脈衝的數量，以指示可旋轉勵磁體轉動的圈數。整流器接收第一輸出訊號，產生供計數器使用的電源。
10、20、30、40、50、60‧‧‧無電池旋轉編碼器
110、210、310、410、510、610‧‧‧旋轉檢測部
120、220、320、420、520、620‧‧‧訊號處理部
110a、210a、310a、410a、510a、610a‧‧‧可旋轉勵磁體
110b、210b、310b、410b、510b、610b‧‧‧磁性材料
110c、210c、310c、410c、510c、610c‧‧‧壓電換能片
PZT‧‧‧壓電換能器
TR‧‧‧換能元件
120a、220a、320a、420a、520a、620a‧‧‧計數器
120b、220b、320b、420b、520b、620b‧‧‧整流器
610d‧‧‧光盤
610e‧‧‧光偵測器
S1‧‧‧第一輸出訊號
S2‧‧‧第二輸出訊號
N、S‧‧‧磁鐵N極、磁鐵S極
第1A圖是本發明第一實施例揭露之無電池旋轉編碼器的示意圖；第1B圖顯示本發明第一實施例之無電池旋轉編碼器的壓電換能器的輸出訊號；第2A圖是本發明第二實施例之無電池旋轉編碼器的示意圖；第2B圖顯示本發明第二實施例之無電池旋轉編碼器的壓電換能器與換能元件的輸出訊號；第3A圖是本發明第三實施例之無電池旋轉編碼器的示意圖； 第3B圖顯示本發明第三實施例之無電池旋轉編碼器的壓電換能器與換能元件的輸出訊號；第4A圖是本發明第四實施例之無電池旋轉編碼器的示意圖；第4B圖顯示本發明第四實施例之無電池旋轉編碼器的壓電換能器與換能元件的輸出訊號；第5A圖是本發明第五實施例之無電池旋轉編碼器的示意圖；第5B圖顯示本發明第五實施例之無電池旋轉編碼器的壓電換能器與換能元件的輸出訊號；以及第6圖是本發明第六實施例之無電池旋轉編碼器的示意圖。
本發明揭露一種無電池旋轉編碼器，能夠擷取環境能量，以取代使用備份電池的編碼器。
參考第1A圖，本發明的第一實施例揭露一種無電池旋轉編碼器10，無電池旋轉編碼器10包括旋轉檢測部110以及訊號處理部120。旋轉檢測部110包括可旋轉勵磁體110a以及壓電換能器PZT。壓電換能器PZT疊合磁性材料110b，以及壓電換能片110c。磁性材料110b朝向可旋轉勵磁體110a，其中，當可旋轉勵磁體110a轉動時，可旋轉勵 磁體110a吸引或排斥磁性材料110b，使得壓電換能片110c受磁性材料110b之擠壓或拉伸，而產生第一輸出訊號S1。
訊號處理部120包括計數器120a以及整流器120b。參考第1B圖，計數器120a接收第一輸出訊號S1，計算第一輸出訊號S1之脈衝的數量，以指示可旋轉勵磁體110a轉動的圈數。參考第1B圖，當計數器120a計算到3個脈衝時，表示可旋轉勵磁體110a轉動了1圈。
整流器120b接收第一輸出訊號S1，產生供計數器120a使用的電源。
參考第2A圖，本發明的第二實施例揭露一種無電池旋轉編碼器20，其中第二實施例與第一實施例不同處為旋轉檢測部210更包括換能元件TR，換能元件TR設置於與壓電換能器PZT相同之一側，產生第二輸出訊號S2。旋轉檢測部210包括可旋轉勵磁體210a、壓電換能器PZT、以及換能元件TR。壓電換能器PZT疊合磁性材料210b，以及壓電換能片210c。在訊號處理部220中，整流器220b接收第一輸出訊號S1，產生供計數器220a使用的電源。計數器220a接收第二輸出訊號S2，依據第一輸出訊號S1與第二輸出訊號S2發生的次序，以指示可旋轉勵磁體210a轉動的轉向
參考第2B圖，當可旋轉勵磁體210a逆時鐘轉動時，換能元件TR產生的第二輸出訊號S2會落後壓電換能器PZT產生的第一訊號S1；反之，當可旋轉勵磁體210a順時 鐘轉動時，換能元件TR產生的第二輸出訊號S2會領先壓電換能器PZT產生的第一訊號S1，藉此指示可旋轉勵磁體210a轉動的轉向。
在第二實施例中，換能元件TR例如是另一壓電換能器或是磁場感測器。磁場感測器為霍爾式感測器(Hall effect transducer)、磁阻式感測器或線圈式感測器。
參考第3A圖，本發明的第三實施例揭露一種無電池旋轉編碼器30，其中第三實施例與第一實施例不同處為旋轉檢測部310更包括換能元件TR，換能元件TR設置於與壓電換能器PZT垂直之一側，並產生第二輸出訊號S2。旋轉檢測部310包括可旋轉勵磁體310a、壓電換能器PZT、以及換能元件TR。壓電換能器PZT疊合磁性材料310b，以及壓電換能片310c。在訊號處理部320中，整流器320b接收第一輸出訊號S1，產生供計數器320a使用的電源。計數器320a接收第二輸出訊號S2，依據第一輸出訊號S1與第二輸出訊號S2在不同相位時的值，以指示可旋轉勵磁體310a轉動的角度。
參考第3B圖，當第一輸出訊號S1為高態(high state)且第二輸出訊S2為低態(low state)時，可旋轉勵磁體310a轉動180度或360度；當第一輸出訊號S1為低態且第二輸出訊號S2為高態時，可旋轉勵磁體310a轉動90度或270度，藉此指示可旋轉勵磁體310a轉動的角度。
在第三實施例中，彼此垂直設置的壓電換能器PZT與換能元件TR亦能用於指示可旋轉勵磁體310a轉動的方向。參考第3B圖，當可旋轉勵磁體310a逆時鐘轉動時，換能元件TR產生的第二輸出訊號S2會落後壓電換能器PZT產生的第一訊號S1；反之，當可旋轉勵磁體310a順時鐘轉動時，換能元件TR產生的第二輸出訊號S2會領先壓電換能器PZT產生的第一訊號S1，藉此指示可旋轉勵磁體310a轉動的轉向。
在第三實施例中，換能元件TR例如是另一壓電換能器或是磁場感測器。磁場感測器為霍爾式感測器、磁阻式感測器或線圈式感測器。
參考第4A圖，本發明的第四實施例揭露一種無電池旋轉編碼器40，其中第四實施例與第一實施例不同處為旋轉檢測部410更包括換能元件TR，換能元件TR設置於與壓電換能器PZT具有一夾角θ之處，並產生第二輸出訊號S2，其中夾角θ不等於180度。旋轉檢測部410包括可旋轉勵磁體410a、壓電換能器PZT、以及換能元件TR。壓電換能器PZT疊合磁性材料410b，以及壓電換能片410c。在訊號處理部420中，整流器420b接收第一輸出訊號S1，產生供計數器420a使用的電源。
在第四實施例中，彼此夾角θ的壓電換能器PZT與換能元件TR亦能用於指示可旋轉勵磁體310a轉動的方 向。參考第4B圖，當可旋轉勵磁體410a逆時鐘轉動時，換能元件TR產生的第二輸出訊號S2會落後壓電換能器PZT產生的第一訊號S1；反之，當可旋轉勵磁體410a順時鐘轉動時，換能元件TR產生的第二輸出訊號S2會領先壓電換能器PZT產生的第一訊號S1，藉此指示可旋轉勵磁體410a轉動的轉向。
參考第5A圖，本發明的第五實施例揭露一種無電池旋轉編碼器50，其中第五實施例與第一實施例不同處為旋轉檢測部510更包括換能元件TR，換能元件TR設置於與壓電換能器PZT相對之一側，並產生第二輸出訊號S2。旋轉檢測部510包括可旋轉勵磁體510a、壓電換能器PZT、以及換能元件TR。壓電換能器PZT疊合磁性材料510b，以及壓電換能片510c。在訊號處理部520中，整流器520b接收第一輸出訊號S1，產生供計數器520a使用的電源。計數器520a接收第二輸出訊號S2之反相訊號，藉由將第一輸出訊號S1減去第二輸出訊號S2之反相訊號，以指示可旋轉勵磁體510a轉動的圈數。
參考第5B圖，當計數器520a計算到3個脈衝時，表示可旋轉勵磁體510a轉動了1圈。第一輸出訊號S1的雜訊與第二輸出訊號S2之反相訊號的雜訊可以假設為相同，將兩者相減可以得到訊雜比較佳的訊號。
在第五實施例中，換能元件TR例如是另一壓電 換能器或是磁場感測器。磁場感測器為霍爾式感測器、磁阻式感測器或線圈式感測器。
參考第6圖，本發明的第六實施例揭露一種無電池旋轉編碼器60，其中第六實施例與第一實施例不同處為旋轉檢測部610更包括光盤610d與光偵測器610e。光盤610d設置於與可旋轉勵磁體610a同一轉軸上，與可旋轉勵磁體610a同步旋轉。
光偵測器610e依據光盤上的圖案而產生第二輸出訊號S2。在第六實施例中，光偵測器610e設置於與壓電換能器PZT彼此夾角90度處，但並非以此為限。計數器620a接收第二輸出訊號S2，依據第二輸出訊號S2的數值，以輔助精密角度測量。
在第二、第三、第四與第五實施例中，整流器220b、320b、420b與520b電性連接於換能元件TR與計數器220a、320a、420a與520a之間，接收第二輸出訊號S2，產生供計數器220a、320a、420a與520a使用的電源。在第六實施例中，整流器620b電性連接於光偵測器610e與計數器620a之間，接收第二輸出訊號S2，產生供計數器620a使用的電源。
磁性材料110b、210b、310b、410b、510b與610b包含磁鐵片或磁性金屬片。磁性金屬片例如是鐵(Fe)、鈷(Co)、鎳(Ni)，或前述之組合。
本揭露較佳實施例已由說明書搭配所附圖式揭露如上，本領域具有通常知識者應能知悉，在不脫離本發明及申請專利範圍揭露之範疇及精神的前提下，當能作些許變動、增刪及替換。本揭露申請專利範圍揭示之編碼器當能作些許變動、增刪及替換。

Claims (10)

  1. 一種無電池旋轉編碼器，包括：一旋轉檢測部，包括：一可旋轉勵磁體；以及一壓電換能器，疊合一磁性材料以及一壓電換能片，該磁性材料朝向該可旋轉勵磁體，其中，當該可旋轉勵磁體轉動時，該可旋轉勵磁體吸引或排斥該磁性材料，使得該壓電換能片受該磁性材料之擠壓或拉伸，而產生一第一輸出訊號；以及一訊號處理部，包括：一計數器，接收該第一輸出訊號，計算該第一輸出訊號之複數脈衝的數量，以指示該可旋轉勵磁體轉動的圈數；一整流器，接收該第一輸出訊號，產生供該計數器使用的電源；以及一換能元件，與該整流器及該計數器連接，並產生一第二輸出訊號；其中，該計數器接收該第二輸出訊號，並依據該第一輸出訊號與該第二輸出訊號指示該可旋轉勵磁體的轉動狀態。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之編碼器，其中該換能元件設置於與該壓電換能器具有一夾角之處，並產生該第二輸出訊號，其中該計數器接收該第二輸出訊號，依據該第一輸出訊號與該第二輸出訊號發生的次序，以指示該可旋轉勵磁體轉動的轉向，該夾角不等於180度。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之編碼器，其中該換能元件設置於與該壓電換能器相同或垂直之一側。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之編碼器，其中該換能元件設置於與該壓電換能器垂直之一側，並產生該第二輸出訊號，其中該計數器接收該第二輸出訊號，依據該第一輸出訊號與該第二輸出訊號在不同相位時的值，以指示該可旋轉勵磁體轉動的角度。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之編碼器，其中該換能元件設置於與該壓電換能器相對之一側，並產生該第二輸出訊號，其中該計數器接收該第二輸出訊號之一反相訊號，藉由將該第一輸出訊號減去該第二輸出訊號之該反相訊號，以指示該可旋轉勵磁體轉動的圈數。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第2項、第4項或第5項所述之編碼器，其中該換能元件為另一壓電換能器或一磁場感測器。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項之編碼器，其中該旋轉檢測部更包括：一光盤，設置於與該可旋轉勵磁體同一轉軸上，與該可旋轉勵磁體同步旋轉，該光盤具有一透光部與一不透光部；以及一光偵測器，產生一第二輸出訊號，其中該計數器接收該第二輸出訊號，依據該第二輸出訊號的數值，以輔助精密角度測量。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項之編碼器，其中，該磁性材料包括一磁鐵片與一磁性金屬片。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第8項之編碼器，其中，該磁性金屬片的材質包括鐵、鈷、鎳，或前述之組合。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第6項之編碼器，其中該磁場感測器為一霍爾式感測器、一磁阻式感測器或一線圈式感測器。
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