TWI641645B - 用於囊封量子點之多層聚合物複合物 - Google Patents
用於囊封量子點之多層聚合物複合物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI641645B TWI641645B TW106120630A TW106120630A TWI641645B TW I641645 B TWI641645 B TW I641645B TW 106120630 A TW106120630 A TW 106120630A TW 106120630 A TW106120630 A TW 106120630A TW I641645 B TWI641645 B TW I641645B
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- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/10—Esters
- C08F20/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
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- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
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Abstract
一種聚合物複合物,其包括:(a)量子點;(b)式(I)化合物之聚合單元
其中R1為氫或甲基且R2為C6-C20脂族多環取代基;以及(c)光穩定劑化合物,其包括兩個1-烷氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基取代基。
Description
本發明係關於一種含有量子點之多層聚合物複合物及一種製備所述複合材料之方法。
半導體量子點(QD)提供與塊狀材料之光學吸收及發射(光致發光(PL)或電致發光(EL))特性顯著不同的彼等特性。隨著粒度減小,有效能帶隙(Eg)或可利用之能階會有所增加且產生藍移PL光譜。由相同材料內粒度依賴性量子限制作用所導致之此光譜可調諧性為優於習知塊體半導體之關鍵優點。由於QD之獨特光學特性,其在諸多顯示器及照明應用中已受到極大關注。大多數QD具有使用較大帶隙材料之無機殼體以限制核心區中之電子與電洞對且防止任何表面電荷狀態。外部殼體隨後經有機配位體封蓋以減少可導致量子產率(QY)降低的殼體捕獲狀態。有機配位體有助於QD分散於有機溶劑/水性溶劑中。包圍QD之典型有機配位體具有相對較長的烷基鏈,其提供在非極性溶劑或單體中之高溶解度。令人遺憾的是,QD在光吸收/轉化過程中極易受光氧化反應影響。此外,當配位體不可相容時,水分可具有類似影響。
QD通常囊封於聚合物基質中以保護其不受水及氧氣之不利
影響。舉例而言,US8445178揭示各種聚合物作為囊封劑。然而,此參考文件未揭示本文所述之聚合物組合物。
本發明提供一種聚合物複合物,其包括:(a)量子點;(b)式(I)化合物之聚合單元
其中R1為氫或甲基且R2為C6-C20脂族多環取代基;以及(c)光穩定劑化合物,其包括兩個1-烷氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基取代基。
除非另外規定,否則百分比為重量百分比(重量%)且溫度以℃為單位。除非另外規定,否則操作在室溫下(20-25℃)進行。沸點在大氣壓下(大約101kPa)量測。術語「(甲基)丙烯酸酯」意謂丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯。量子點在此項技術中已熟知,參見例如US2012/0113672。
在本發明之一個較佳實施例中,聚合物複合物為多層總成之一部分,所述多層總成在聚合物複合物之各側上亦包括外層。較佳地,外層為亦抑制水分通過之阻氧層。較佳地,外層包括聚合物膜,較佳為包括聚對苯二甲酸伸乙酯(PET)、聚芳基醚酮、聚醯亞胺、聚烯烴、聚碳酸酯、聚甲基
丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚苯乙烯或其組合之聚合物膜。較佳地,外層進一步包括氧化物或氮化物,較佳氧化矽、二氧化鈦、氧化鋁、氮化矽或其組合。較佳地,氧化物或氮化物塗佈於面向QD層之聚合物膜的表面上。較佳地,各外層包括厚度為25至150微米(較佳50至100微米)之聚合物膜及厚度為10至100nm(較佳30至70nm)之氧化物/氮化物層。在本發明之一些較佳實施例中,外層包括至少兩個聚合物膜層及/或至少兩個氧化物/氮化物層;不同層可具有不同組成。較佳地,外層具有極低氧氣透過率(OTR,<10-1立方公分/平方公尺/天)及低水蒸氣透過率(WVTR,<10-2公克/平方公尺/天)。較佳地,外層中之聚合物膜之Tg為60℃至200℃;較佳為至少90℃、較佳為至少100℃。
較佳地,本發明之聚合物複合物之厚度為10至500微米,較佳至少20微米,較佳至少30微米,較佳至少40微米;較佳不大於400微米,較佳不大於300微米,較佳不大於200微米,較佳不大於150微米。較佳地,各外層之厚度為20至100微米,較佳25至75微米。
較佳地,本發明之聚合物複合物利用藉由混合單體、QD、光穩定劑及其他視情況選用之添加劑製備之樹脂的自由基聚合來製備。較佳地,在固化之前藉由典型方法,例如,旋塗、槽模塗佈、凹版塗佈、噴墨塗佈及噴塗將樹脂塗佈於第一外層上。較佳地,藉由使樹脂曝露於紫外光(UV)或熱來開始固化,較佳紫外光,較佳在UVA範圍中。
較佳地,R2為C7-C17脂族多環取代基,較佳地R2為C8-C15脂族多環取代基。較佳地,R2為橋接多環取代基;
較佳雙環、三環或四環取代基;較佳雙環或三環取代基。較佳地,R2為飽和脂族取代基。R2之較佳結構包含例如金剛烷、雙環[2,2,1]烷烴、雙環[2,2,2]烷烴、雙環[2,1,1]烷烴及三環癸烷(例如主環[5,2,1,02,6]癸烷);此等結構可經以下各項取代:烷基、烷氧基、羥基或(甲基)丙烯酸酯(亦即,式(I)化合物可具有至少兩個(甲基)丙烯酸酯取代基;較佳地不超過兩個);較佳地具有一至六個、較佳一至四個碳原子之烷基及烷氧基。尤佳為三環癸烷及雙環[2,2,1]烷烴,尤其三環[5,2,1,02,6]癸烷、二甲醇二甲基丙烯酸酯及丙烯酸異冰片酯。較佳地,內層包括具有一個(甲基)丙烯酸酯取代基之式(I)化合物及具有兩個(甲基)丙烯酸酯取代基之式(I)化合物的聚合單元;較佳地重量比分別為100:1至1:5、優選地10:1至1:2。
較佳地,本發明之聚合物複合物包括式I化合物之50至88重量%聚合單元;較佳至少55重量%,較佳至少60重量%,較佳至少65重量%;較佳不超過85重量%,較佳不超過82重量%。
較佳地,本發明之聚合物複合物包括0.01至5重量%量子點、較佳為至少0.03重量%、較佳為至少0.05重量%;較佳不超過4重量%、較佳不超過3重量%、較佳不超過2重量%。較佳地,量子點包括CdS、CdSe、CdTe、ZnS、ZnSe、ZnTe、HgS、HgSe、HgTe、GaN、GaP、GaAs、InP、InAs或其組合。
較佳地,包圍量子點之無機部分的配位體具有非極性組分。較佳配位體包含例如三辛基氧化膦、十二烷硫醇及脂肪酸鹽(例如,硬脂酸鹽、油酸鹽)。
較佳地,包括兩個1-烷氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基取代基之光穩定劑化合物包括連接所述取代基之連接基團,所述連接基團具有4至20個、較佳地6至15個、較佳地8至12個、較佳地10個碳原子。較佳地,連接基團不具有除碳、氫及氧以外的原子。較佳地,連接基團具有2至6哦、較佳地4個氧原子。較佳地,連接基團為二酯取代基,較佳地-OC(O)(CH2)nC(O)O-,其中n為2至18,較佳地4至13,較佳地6至10,較佳地8。較佳地,1-烷氧基取代基中之烷基具有4至12個、較佳地6至10個、較佳地8個碳原子。較佳地,烷基為直鏈。尤佳的光穩定劑化合物為雙-(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯。
較佳地,聚合物複合物包括0.5至5重量%光穩定劑化合物;較佳至少1重量%;較佳地不超過4重量%,較佳地不超過3重量%,較佳地不超過2.5重量%。較佳地,聚合物複合物包括0.1至15重量%金屬氧化物粒子;較佳至少0.5重量%;較佳地不超過12重量%,較佳地不超過10重量%,較佳地不超過8重量%。
可併入至本發明之聚合物複合物中的其他添加劑包含抗氧化劑、改進光提取之散射劑及增加黏度之增稠劑(例如丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯寡聚物)。較佳增稠劑包含丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯、纖維素醚、纖維素丙烯酸酯、聚苯乙烯聚合物、聚苯乙烯嵌段共聚物、丙烯酸樹脂及聚烯烴彈性體。較佳地,聚苯乙烯、丙烯酸及聚烯烴增稠劑所具有的Mw為50,000至400,000;較佳100,000至200,000。較佳地,纖維素醚之Mw為1,000至100,000。
丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯寡聚物可為聚酯型、聚醚型、聚丁二烯型或聚己內酯型。其可具有雙官能、三官能、六官能反應性。寡聚物之黏度在50℃下可在1000至200,000cPs範圍內。對於非極性配位體QD而言,聚丁二烯型為較佳的。
較佳之聚苯乙烯嵌段共聚物具有50,000至400,000之Mn且包括10至100重量%苯乙烯聚合單元及0至90重量%非苯乙烯嵌段。較佳地,共聚物中之非苯乙烯單體(非苯乙烯嵌段)為烯烴、二烯或其組合。較佳地,非苯乙烯嵌段包括C2-C8烯烴及/或二烯、較佳C2-C5烯烴及/或二烯之聚合單元。較佳地,C2-C8烯烴及/或二烯選自乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、異戊二烯及丁二烯。較佳地,嵌段共聚物之Mn為至少60,000,較佳至少70,000,較佳至少80,000;較佳地不超過350,000,較佳地不超過300,000,較佳地不超過250,000。
聚合物複合物之較佳形式包含例如膜、珠粒、帶材、棒材、方塊及板材。聚合物複合物適用於諸多應用中,包含例如,顯示器、照明及醫學應用。較佳顯示器應用包含公共資訊顯示器、標牌、電視、監測器、行動電話、平板電腦、膝上型電腦、汽車儀錶盤及手錶。
實例
實例之樣品製備
所有樣品均藉由在兩個異組分(i-Component)PET阻擋膜之間層疊樹脂調配物來製備。約4g樹脂分配於底部膜上且頂部用間隙塗佈棒基於所期望膜厚度以間隙設定(10密耳)塗覆。樣品在400mJ/cm2之UVA下在Fusion UV F300S固化系統中固化。在0.1吋(2.54mm)方形件上用具
有450nm激發波長之Hamamatsu C9920-02G積分球量測發射峰之光致發光量子產率(PLQY)、峰值發射波長(PWL)及半最大值全寬(FWHM)。
實例1:
調配物(量以重量%為單位)
Dymax BR 641D為聚丁二烯丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯
Tinuvin 123、5060、5100含有雙-(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯
結果
量子產率
結果展示含有雙-(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯之複合物於較短波長下具有綠色及紅色峰位置。此指示量子點更好分散在複合物內。
實例2
[1]調配物(量以重量%為單位)
KRATON G1652為含有28-30%聚合的苯乙烯之SEBS三嵌段共聚物,此處用作增稠劑
[2]結果
結果展示與含有具有不同結構之癸二酸酯分子的複合物相比,含有雙-(1-烷氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯之複合物具有較短波長紅色峰位置。
實例3
[1]含有Tinuvin 123及TEMPO之調配物(量以重量%為單位)
[2]結果
結果展示與僅具有一個無R基團之(2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-基)烴氧基單元的類似結構相比,含有兩個雙-(1-烷氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯之複合物具有較短波長紅色峰位置。
Claims (10)
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的聚合物複合物,其中R2為橋接多環取代基。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項所述的聚合物複合物,其中R2為C7-C17橋接多環取代基。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述的聚合物複合物,其中所述光穩定劑化合物包括連接所述取代基之連接基團,所述連接基團具有4至20個碳原子。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的聚合物複合物,其中每一所述1-烷氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基取代基中之烷基具有4至12個碳原子。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項所述的聚合物複合物,其中所述聚合物複合物包括重量比分別為100:1至1:5的具有一個(甲基)丙烯酸酯取代基之式(I)化合物及具有兩個(甲基)丙烯酸酯取代基之式(I)化合物的聚合單元。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的聚合物複合物,其中R2具有雙環[2,2,1]烷烴或三環癸烷環系統。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述的聚合物複合物,其中所述量子點包括CdS、CdSe、CdTe、ZnS、ZnSe、ZnTe、HgS、HgSe、HgTe、GaN、GaP、GaAs、InP、InAs或其組合。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的聚合物複合物,其進一步包括散射劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的聚合物複合物,其為膜。
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WO2010118920A1 (de) * | 2009-04-15 | 2010-10-21 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Fluoreszenzkonversionssolarzelle - herstellung im spritzgussverfahren |
CN104955920A (zh) * | 2012-12-05 | 2015-09-30 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | 基于发光金属原子纳米团簇的光转换材料 |
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JP6761101B2 (ja) | 2020-09-23 |
US20190322925A1 (en) | 2019-10-24 |
JP2019522090A (ja) | 2019-08-08 |
KR20190022784A (ko) | 2019-03-06 |
TW201802171A (zh) | 2018-01-16 |
CN109642152A (zh) | 2019-04-16 |
EP3481915B1 (en) | 2020-05-27 |
US11370964B2 (en) | 2022-06-28 |
KR102150295B1 (ko) | 2020-09-01 |
EP3481915A1 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
CN109642152B (zh) | 2022-08-26 |
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