TWI608608B - 電晶體 - Google Patents

電晶體 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TWI608608B
TWI608608B TW106105541A TW106105541A TWI608608B TW I608608 B TWI608608 B TW I608608B TW 106105541 A TW106105541 A TW 106105541A TW 106105541 A TW106105541 A TW 106105541A TW I608608 B TWI608608 B TW I608608B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
metal nitride
nitride layer
layer
transistor
superlattice structure
Prior art date
Application number
TW106105541A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TW201832363A (zh
Inventor
蔡鎔澤
林恆光
Original Assignee
新唐科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 新唐科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 新唐科技股份有限公司
Priority to TW106105541A priority Critical patent/TWI608608B/zh
Priority to CN201711111947.XA priority patent/CN108461539B/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI608608B publication Critical patent/TWI608608B/zh
Priority to US15/866,423 priority patent/US20180240877A1/en
Publication of TW201832363A publication Critical patent/TW201832363A/zh

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/778Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface
    • H01L29/7786Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface with direct single heterostructure, i.e. with wide bandgap layer formed on top of active layer, e.g. direct single heterostructure MIS-like HEMT
    • H01L29/7787Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface with direct single heterostructure, i.e. with wide bandgap layer formed on top of active layer, e.g. direct single heterostructure MIS-like HEMT with wide bandgap charge-carrier supplying layer, e.g. direct single heterostructure MODFET
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/12Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
    • H01L29/15Structures with periodic or quasi periodic potential variation, e.g. multiple quantum wells, superlattices
    • H01L29/151Compositional structures
    • H01L29/152Compositional structures with quantum effects only in vertical direction, i.e. layered structures with quantum effects solely resulting from vertical potential variation
    • H01L29/155Comprising only semiconductor materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/06Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
    • H01L29/10Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode not carrying current to be rectified, amplified or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
    • H01L29/107Substrate region of field-effect devices
    • H01L29/1075Substrate region of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/40Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/41Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions
    • H01L29/423Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions not carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/42312Gate electrodes for field effect devices
    • H01L29/42316Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors
    • H01L29/4232Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors with insulated gate
    • H01L29/42364Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors with insulated gate characterised by the insulating layer, e.g. thickness or uniformity
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/40Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/43Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
    • H01L29/432Heterojunction gate for field effect devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66007Multistep manufacturing processes
    • H01L29/66075Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
    • H01L29/66227Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
    • H01L29/66409Unipolar field-effect transistors
    • H01L29/66446Unipolar field-effect transistors with an active layer made of a group 13/15 material, e.g. group 13/15 velocity modulation transistor [VMT], group 13/15 negative resistance FET [NERFET]
    • H01L29/66462Unipolar field-effect transistors with an active layer made of a group 13/15 material, e.g. group 13/15 velocity modulation transistor [VMT], group 13/15 negative resistance FET [NERFET] with a heterojunction interface channel or gate, e.g. HFET, HIGFET, SISFET, HJFET, HEMT
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/778Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface
    • H01L29/7782Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface with confinement of carriers by at least two heterojunctions, e.g. DHHEMT, quantum well HEMT, DHMODFET
    • H01L29/7783Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface with confinement of carriers by at least two heterojunctions, e.g. DHHEMT, quantum well HEMT, DHMODFET using III-V semiconductor material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/778Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface
    • H01L29/7786Field effect transistors with two-dimensional charge carrier gas channel, e.g. HEMT ; with two-dimensional charge-carrier layer formed at a heterojunction interface with direct single heterostructure, i.e. with wide bandgap layer formed on top of active layer, e.g. direct single heterostructure MIS-like HEMT
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02107Forming insulating materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02225Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
    • H01L21/02227Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process
    • H01L21/0223Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate
    • H01L21/02233Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate of the semiconductor substrate or a semiconductor layer
    • H01L21/02241III-V semiconductor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02365Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02436Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
    • H01L21/02439Materials
    • H01L21/02455Group 13/15 materials
    • H01L21/02458Nitrides
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02104Forming layers
    • H01L21/02365Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
    • H01L21/02436Intermediate layers between substrates and deposited layers
    • H01L21/02494Structure
    • H01L21/02496Layer structure
    • H01L21/02505Layer structure consisting of more than two layers
    • H01L21/02507Alternating layers, e.g. superlattice
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/02Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/12Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
    • H01L29/20Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
    • H01L29/2003Nitride compounds

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Junction Field-Effect Transistors (AREA)

Description

電晶體
本發明是有關於一種半導體元件,且特別是有關於一種電晶體。
對於GaN類的電晶體來說,由於其具有高電子遷移率、耐高壓、低通道電阻以及切換快速的優點,因此已逐漸應用到功率元件上。在含III族元素的氮化物材料中,由於電子分佈不均勻的原因,在c軸上會產生自發極化電場(spontaneous polarization field)。此外,在異質材料之間,能帶不連續性以及晶格常數不匹配會產生壓電極化電場(piezoelectric polarization field)。因此,電子被侷限在三角位能井(trangle potential well)中而形成高電子濃度的二維電子氣。
雖然高電子濃度的二維電子氣以及優異的傳輸特性使元件的輸出電流密度與導通電阻表現極為優異,但卻造成元件為常開(normally on)狀態而不易製作成常關型(normally off)(或増強型(enhancement mode))的電子元件,因而造成應用上的諸多限制。
為了在應用端易於使用,開發出具有大於0伏特的起始電壓(threshold voltage,Vth)的GaN場效電晶體是非常重要的。目前主流的技術包括使用嵌入式閘極(recessed gate)、氟離子處理閘極或p-(Al)GaN磊晶層閘極。此外,也可利用含III族元素的氮化物反極化層。然而,針對使用嵌入式閘極、氟離子處理閘極以及成長薄的InGaN反極化層,起始電壓仍相對不穩定或仍小於+1伏特。此外,目前大多採用(Al)GaN作為主流技術,但除了磊晶成長較困難之外,增加起始電壓的能力也相當有限。
本發明提供一種電晶體,其在閘極與阻障層之間具有超晶格(superlattice)結構。
本發明的電晶體包括緩衝層、通道層、阻障層、超晶格結構、閘極、源極以及汲極。所述緩衝層配置於基底上。所述通道層配置於所述緩衝層上。所述阻障層配置於所述通道層上。所述超晶格結構配置於所述阻障層上。所述閘極配置於所述超晶格結構上。所述源極配置於所述阻障層上且位於所述超晶格結構的一側,或配置於所述通道層上且位於所述阻障層的一側。所述汲極配置於所述阻障層上且位於所述超晶格結構的另一側,或配置於所述通道層上且位於所述阻障層的另一側。所述超晶格結構包括彼此堆疊的至少一第一金屬氮化物層與至少一第二金屬氮化物層,且所述超晶格結構的平均晶格常數大於GaN的晶格常數,其中所述第一金屬氮化物層與所述第二金屬氮化物層中的金屬各自選自由Al、Ga與In所組成的族群中的至少一者,且第一金屬氮化物層與所述第二金屬氮化物層不相同。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述超晶格結構的厚度例如不超過200 nm。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述第一金屬氮化物層的厚度例如介於0.2 nm至50 nm之間。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述第二金屬氮化物層的厚度例如介於0.2 nm至50 nm之間。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,所述至少一第一金屬氮化物層例如為多個所述第一金屬氮化物層,所述至少一第二金屬氮化物層例如為多個所述第二金屬氮化物層,且所述至少一第一金屬氮化物層與所述至少一第二金屬氮化物層彼此交錯堆疊層。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述超晶格結構更包括至少一第三金屬氮化物層,所述至少一第一金屬氮化物層、所述至少一第二金屬氮化物層與所述至少一第三金屬氮化物層彼此堆疊。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述第三金屬氮化物層的厚度例如介於0.2 nm至50 nm之間。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,所述至少一第一金屬氮化物層例如為多個所述第一金屬氮化物層,所述至少一第二金屬氮化物層例如為多個所述第二金屬氮化物層,所述至少一第三金屬氮化物層例如為多個所述第三金屬氮化物層,且所述至少一第一金屬氮化物層、所述至少一第二金屬氮化物層與所述至少一第三金屬氮化物層彼此交錯堆疊。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述每一所述第一金屬氮化物層的厚度例如相同。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述每一所述第一金屬氮化物層的厚度例如不同。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述每一所述第二金屬氮化物層的厚度例如相同。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述每一所述第二金屬氮化物層的厚度例如不同。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述每一所述第三金屬氮化物層的厚度例如相同。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述每一所述第三金屬氮化物層的厚度例如不同。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述阻障層的材料例如為AlGaN、AlInN、InGaN或AlInGaN。
在本發明的電晶體的一實施例中,上述通道層的材料例如為GaN。
基於上述,在本發明的電晶體中,超晶格結構配置於閘極與阻障層之間,且超晶格結構的平均晶格常數大於GaN的晶格常數。因此,本發明的電晶體可藉由上述的超晶格結構來空乏(deplete)阻障層中所形成的二維電子氣而成為常關型的電晶體,並可因此改善起始電壓過低的問題。
為讓本發明的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。
圖1為依照本發明實施例所繪示的電晶體的剖面示意圖。請參照圖1,電晶體10包括緩衝層102、通道層104、阻障層106、超晶格結構108、閘極110、源極112以及汲極114。在本實施例中,以具有反極化電場的超晶格結構108來空乏阻障層106中所形成的二維電子氣,以形成常關型的電晶體。此外,藉由改變超晶格結構108中各層的厚度與組成,可控制反極化電場的強度,因此可改善起始電壓過低的問題。以下將對各元件進行說明。
緩衝層102配置於基底100上。基底100例如為矽基底、SiC基底、藍寶石(sapphire)基底或GaN基底。緩衝層102的材料例如是GaN、AlGaN或AlN。此外,緩衝層102中可摻雜有C或Fe,以增加阻值。通道層104配置於緩衝層102上。通道層104的材料例如是GaN,其厚度例如介於100 nm至1000 nm之間。阻障層106配置於通道層104上。阻障層106可以是三元的III族金屬氮化物層或四元的III族金屬氮化物層。上述三元的III族金屬氮化物層的材料可以是AlInN、InGaN或AlGaN。上述四元的III族金屬氮化物層的材料可以是AlInGaN。阻障層106的厚度例如介於5 nm至80 nm之間。超晶格結構108配置於阻障層106上。閘極110配置於超晶格結構108上。閘極110的材料例如為金屬。源極112與汲極114配置於阻障層106上,且分別位於超晶格結構108的兩側。或者,在另一實施例中,源極112與汲極114也可配置於通道層104上,且分別位於阻障層106的兩側。在本實施例中,源極112與汲極114各自與超晶格結構108間隔一個預定距離。
在本實施例中,超晶格結構108由彼此堆疊的金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b所構成,且超晶格結構108的平均晶格常數大於GaN的晶格常數。超晶格結構108的厚度不超過200 nm。詳細地說,在本實施例中,超晶格結構108由四層金屬氮化物層108a與四層金屬氮化物層108b彼此交錯堆疊而構成,但本發明不限於此。在其他實施例中,超晶格結構108也可以是由更多層或更少層的金屬氮化物層108a與更多層或更少層的金屬氮化物層108b彼此交錯堆疊而構成,只要所形成的超晶格結構108的厚度不超過200 nm且超晶格結構108的平均晶格常數大於GaN的晶格常數即可。
在超晶格結構108中,金屬氮化物層108a的厚度例如介於0.2 nm至50 nm之間,且金屬氮化物層108b的厚度例如介於0.2 nm至50 nm之間。在本實施例中,金屬氮化物層108a的厚度與金屬氮化物層108b的厚度不同,其厚度例如分別為7 nm與1 nm,但本發明不限於此。在其他實施例中,金屬氮化物層108a的厚度也可以與金屬氮化物層108b的厚度相同。此外,在本實施例中,每一層金屬氮化物層108a的厚度彼此相同,且每一層金屬氮化物層108b的厚度彼此相同,但本發明不限於此。在其他實施例中,每一層金屬氮化物層108a的厚度可彼此不同,且每一層金屬氮化物層108b的厚度可彼此不同。另外,在本實施例中,每一個金屬氮化物堆疊(由一層金屬氮化物層108a與一層金屬氮化物層108b所構成)的厚度彼此相同,但本發明不限於此。在其他實施例中,每一個金屬氮化物堆疊的厚度也可以彼此不同。再者,在本實施例中,金屬氮化物層108a與阻障層106接觸,但本發明不限於此。在其他實施例中,也可以是金屬氮化物層108b與阻障層106接觸。
金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b中的金屬各自選自由Al、Ga與In所組成的族群中的至少一者,其條件在於金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b的材料不相同。換句話說,整體來看,由金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b所構成的超晶格結構108可為三元的III族金屬氮化物結構或四元的III族金屬氮化物結構。
在超晶格結構108為三元的III族金屬氮化物結構的情況下,金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b符合以下任一條件: (1)金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b中的一者包含三元的III族金屬氮化物,且另一者包含二元的III族金屬氮化物。上述的三元的III族金屬氮化物可以是AlGaN、AlInN或InGaN。上述的二元的III族金屬氮化物可以是AlN、InN或GaN。 (2)金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b皆包含二元的III族金屬氮化物。 (3)金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b皆包含三元的III族金屬氮化物。此時,金屬氮化物層108a中的三元的III族金屬氮化物與金屬氮化物層108b中的三元的III族金屬氮化物具有不同的組成比例。
在超晶格結構108為四元的III族金屬氮化物結構的情況下,金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b符合以下任一條件: (1)金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b皆包含三元的III族金屬氮化物。 (2)金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b中的一者包含三元的III族金屬氮化物,且另一者包含二元的III族金屬氮化物。
在本發明的電晶體10中,對於超晶格結構108的結構並不做任何限定,亦即不限定金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b的堆疊順序以及各自的材料、層數與厚度,只要所形成的超晶格結構108的厚度不超過200 nm且超晶格結構108的平均晶格常數大於GaN的晶格常數即可。如此一來,本發明的電晶體10可藉由超晶格結構108來空乏阻障層106中所形成的二維電子氣,以形成常關型的電晶體,並可改善起始電壓過低的問題。
在本實施例中,超晶格結構108由彼此堆疊的金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b所構成,但本發明不限於此。在其他實施例中,超晶格結構還可以包括除了金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b之外的金屬氮化物層,且由此三種金屬氮化物層彼此堆疊而構成。
圖2為依照本發明另一實施例所繪示的電晶體的剖面示意圖。在本實施例中,與圖1中相同的元件將以相同的元件符號表示,且不再對其進行描述。
請參照圖2,電晶體20與電晶體10的差異在於:在電晶體20中,超晶格結構208除了包括金屬氮化物層108a與金屬氮化物層108b之外,還包括金屬氮化物層208a。以下將對此做進一步說明。
超晶格結構208由彼此堆疊的金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a所構成,且超晶格結構208的平均晶格常數大於GaN的晶格常數,超晶格結構208的厚度不超過200 nm。在本實施例中,超晶格結構208由三層金屬氮化物層108a、三層金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a彼此交錯堆疊而構成,但本發明不限於此。在其他實施例中,超晶格結構208也可以是由更多層或更少層的金屬氮化物層108a、更多層或更少層的金屬氮化物層108b與更多層或更少層的金屬氮化物層208a彼此交錯堆疊而構成,只要所形成的超晶格結構108的厚度不超過200 nm且超晶格結構108的平均晶格常數大於GaN的晶格常數即可。
此外,如同電晶體10,在電晶體20中,並不對每一層的金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a的厚度做任何限定,只要所形成的超晶格結構108的厚度不超過200 nm且超晶格結構108的平均晶格常數大於GaN的晶格常數即可。
另外,在本實施例中,金屬氮化物層108a與阻障層106接觸,但本發明不限於此。在其他實施例中,也可以是金屬氮化物層108b或金屬氮化物層208a與阻障層106接觸。
與金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b相同,金屬氮化物層208a中的金屬選自由Al、Ga與In所組成的族群中的至少一者,其條件在於金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a的材料彼此不相同。也就是說,整體來看,由金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a所構成的超晶格結構208為四元的III族金屬氮化物結構,且金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a符合以下任一條件: (1)金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a中的一者包含四元的III族金屬氮化物,且其餘者皆包含三元的III族金屬氮化物。上述的四元的III族金屬氮化物為AlInGaN。 (2)金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a中的一者包含四元的III族金屬氮化物,且其餘者皆包含二元的III族金屬氮化物。 (3)金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a中的一者包含四元的III族金屬氮化物,其餘中的一者包含三元的III族金屬氮化物,且其餘中的一者包含二元的III族金屬氮化物。 (4)金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a皆包含三元的III族金屬氮化物。 (5)金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a中的二者皆包含三元的III族金屬氮化物,且其餘者包含二元的III族金屬氮化物。 (6)金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a中的一者皆包含三元的III族金屬氮化物,且其餘者皆包含二元的III族金屬氮化物。 (7)金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a皆包含二元的III族金屬氮化物。
在本發明的電晶體20中,對於超晶格結構208的結構並不做任何限定,亦即不限定金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a的堆疊順序以及各自的材料、層數與厚度,只要所形成的超晶格結構208的厚度不超過200 nm且超晶格結構208的平均晶格常數大於GaN的晶格常數即可。如此一來,本發明的電晶體20可藉由超晶格結構208來空乏阻障層106中所形成的二維電子氣,以形成常關型的電晶體,並可改善起始電壓過低的問題。
當然,在其他實施例中,超晶格結構除了包括金屬氮化物層108a、金屬氮化物層108b與金屬氮化物層208a之外,還可以包括額外的金屬氮化物層,且此額外的金屬氮化物層只要符合上述條件即可。也就是說,在此情況下,本發明不限定這些金屬氮化物層的堆疊順序以及各自的材料、層數與厚度,只要所形成的超晶格結構的厚度不超過200 nm且超晶格結構8的平均晶格常數大於GaN的晶格常數即可。
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內,當可作些許的更動與潤飾,故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
10、20‧‧‧電晶體
100‧‧‧基底
102‧‧‧緩衝層
104‧‧‧通道層
106‧‧‧阻障層
108、208‧‧‧超晶格結構
108a、108b、208a‧‧‧金屬氮化物層
110‧‧‧閘極
112‧‧‧源極
114‧‧‧汲極
圖1為依照本發明一實施例所繪示的電晶體的剖面示意圖。 圖2為依照本發明另一實施例所繪示的電晶體的剖面示意圖。
10‧‧‧電晶體
100‧‧‧基底
102‧‧‧緩衝層
104‧‧‧通道層
106‧‧‧阻障層
108‧‧‧超晶格結構
108a、108b‧‧‧金屬氮化物層
110‧‧‧閘極
112‧‧‧源極
114‧‧‧汲極

Claims (10)

  1. 一種電晶體,包括: 緩衝層,配置於基底上; 通道層,配置於所述緩衝層上; 阻障層,配置於所述通道層上; 超晶格結構,配置於所述阻障層上,所述超晶格結構包括彼此堆疊的至少一第一金屬氮化物層與至少一第二金屬氮化物層,且所述超晶格結構的平均晶格常數大於GaN的晶格常數,其中所述第一金屬氮化物層與所述第二金屬氮化物層中的金屬各自選自由Al、Ga與In所組成的族群中的至少一者,且所述第一金屬氮化物層與所述第二金屬氮化物層不相同; 閘極,配置於所述超晶格結構上; 源極,配置於所述阻障層上且位於所述超晶格結構的一側,或配置於所述通道層上且位於所述阻障層的一側;以及 汲極,配置於所述阻障層上且位於所述超晶格結構的另一側,或配置於所述通道層上且位於所述阻障層的另一側。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電晶體,其中所述超晶格結構的厚度不超過200 nm。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電晶體,其中所述第一金屬氮化物層的厚度介於0.2 nm至50 nm之間。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電晶體,其中所述第二金屬氮化物層的厚度介於0.2 nm至50 nm之間。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電晶體,其中所述至少一第一金屬氮化物層包括多個所述第一金屬氮化物層,所述至少一第二金屬氮化物層包括多個所述第二金屬氮化物層,且所述至少一第一金屬氮化物層與所述至少一第二金屬氮化物層彼此交錯堆疊。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述的電晶體,其中每一所述第一金屬氮化物層的厚度不同。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述的電晶體,其中每一所述第二金屬氮化物層的厚度不同。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電晶體,其中所述超晶格結構更包括至少一第三金屬氮化物層,所述至少一第一金屬氮化物層、所述至少一第二金屬氮化物層與所述至少一第三金屬氮化物層彼此堆疊。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第8項所述的電晶體,其中所述至少一第一金屬氮化物層包括多個所述第一金屬氮化物層,所述至少一第二金屬氮化物層包括多個所述第二金屬氮化物層,所述至少一第三金屬氮化物層包括多個所述第三金屬氮化物層,且所述至少一第一金屬氮化物層、所述至少一第二金屬氮化物層與所述至少一第三金屬氮化物層彼此交錯堆疊。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電晶體,其中所述阻障層的材料包括AlGaN、AlInN、InGaN或AlInGaN。
TW106105541A 2017-02-20 2017-02-20 電晶體 TWI608608B (zh)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW106105541A TWI608608B (zh) 2017-02-20 2017-02-20 電晶體
CN201711111947.XA CN108461539B (zh) 2017-02-20 2017-11-13 晶体管
US15/866,423 US20180240877A1 (en) 2017-02-20 2018-01-09 Transistor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW106105541A TWI608608B (zh) 2017-02-20 2017-02-20 電晶體

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
TWI608608B true TWI608608B (zh) 2017-12-11
TW201832363A TW201832363A (zh) 2018-09-01

Family

ID=61230852

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW106105541A TWI608608B (zh) 2017-02-20 2017-02-20 電晶體

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20180240877A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN108461539B (zh)
TW (1) TWI608608B (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112216742B (zh) * 2020-08-28 2023-03-14 华灿光电(浙江)有限公司 氮化镓基高电子迁移率晶体管外延片及其制备方法
CN112510087B (zh) * 2020-12-01 2023-07-11 晶能光电股份有限公司 p型栅增强型GaN基HEMT器件及其制备方法
US20230178619A1 (en) * 2021-12-03 2023-06-08 International Business Machines Corporation Staggered stacked semiconductor devices

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012124327A (ja) * 2010-12-08 2012-06-28 Nichia Chem Ind Ltd 高電子移動度トランジスタ
TW201535739A (zh) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-16 Toshiba Kk 半導體裝置
TW201628191A (zh) * 2015-01-21 2016-08-01 國立交通大學 高速電晶體

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6389051B1 (en) * 1999-04-09 2002-05-14 Xerox Corporation Structure and method for asymmetric waveguide nitride laser diode
US6430202B1 (en) * 1999-04-09 2002-08-06 Xerox Corporation Structure and method for asymmetric waveguide nitride laser diode
JP2002151796A (ja) * 2000-11-13 2002-05-24 Sharp Corp 窒化物半導体発光素子とこれを含む装置
US6841809B2 (en) * 2003-04-08 2005-01-11 Sensor Electronic Technology, Inc. Heterostructure semiconductor device
US7170111B2 (en) * 2004-02-05 2007-01-30 Cree, Inc. Nitride heterojunction transistors having charge-transfer induced energy barriers and methods of fabricating the same
FR2875337A1 (fr) * 2004-09-13 2006-03-17 Picogiga Internat Soc Par Acti Structures hemt piezoelectriques a desordre d'alliage nul
US7547925B2 (en) * 2005-11-14 2009-06-16 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated Superlattice strain relief layer for semiconductor devices
US7800116B2 (en) * 2007-03-29 2010-09-21 Panasonic Corporation Group III-nitride semiconductor device with a cap layer
US8816395B2 (en) * 2010-05-02 2014-08-26 Visic Technologies Ltd. Field effect power transistors
JP5742072B2 (ja) * 2010-10-06 2015-07-01 住友電気工業株式会社 半導体装置およびその製造方法
JP6555542B2 (ja) * 2014-07-11 2019-08-07 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 窒化物半導体装置及びその製造方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012124327A (ja) * 2010-12-08 2012-06-28 Nichia Chem Ind Ltd 高電子移動度トランジスタ
TW201535739A (zh) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-16 Toshiba Kk 半導體裝置
TW201628191A (zh) * 2015-01-21 2016-08-01 國立交通大學 高速電晶體

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108461539B (zh) 2021-05-11
US20180240877A1 (en) 2018-08-23
TW201832363A (zh) 2018-09-01
CN108461539A (zh) 2018-08-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR100808344B1 (ko) 전계 효과 트랜지스터
JP6439789B2 (ja) 電界効果トランジスタ
US9412856B2 (en) Semiconductor device
JP5684574B2 (ja) 半導体装置
JP2008171843A (ja) 半導体電子デバイス
JP2001196575A (ja) 半導体装置
US9076850B2 (en) High electron mobility transistor
US11355626B2 (en) High electron mobility transistor
TWI608608B (zh) 電晶體
JP2011029507A (ja) 半導体装置
JP4897956B2 (ja) 半導体電子デバイス
US11955519B2 (en) Semiconductor device with strain relaxed layer
JP5064808B2 (ja) 半導体電子デバイス
JP6064483B2 (ja) 化合物半導体装置及びその製造方法
US20140264326A1 (en) Field effect transistor
US20080164527A1 (en) Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same
JP2008053436A (ja) 半導体素子
JP2011210785A (ja) 電界効果トランジスタ、およびその製造方法
US20190103482A1 (en) Semiconductor power device
JP2014241379A (ja) 半導体装置
US11329135B2 (en) Semiconductor device
WO2014065429A1 (ja) 半導体装置およびその製造方法、並びにショットキーバリアダイオードおよび電界効果トランジスタ
KR101622916B1 (ko) 양성자 빔 조사에 의한 상시불통형 GaN계 트랜지스터 및 그 제조 방법
KR20240002036A (ko) D-모드와 e-모드를 갖는 이종접합 전계효과 트랜지스터 및 그 제조 방법
JP5712721B2 (ja) 半導体装置