TWI597177B - 用以製造用於包裝之多層式基材之方法 - Google Patents

用以製造用於包裝之多層式基材之方法 Download PDF

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TWI597177B
TWI597177B TW100130891A TW100130891A TWI597177B TW I597177 B TWI597177 B TW I597177B TW 100130891 A TW100130891 A TW 100130891A TW 100130891 A TW100130891 A TW 100130891A TW I597177 B TWI597177 B TW I597177B
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sheet
adhesive
container
sheets
planar
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TW201219226A (en
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湯瑪斯Z 傅
馬修R 庫克
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Lbp製造股份有限公司
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/20Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of indefinite length
    • B29C44/32Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. linings, inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C44/326Joining the preformed parts, e.g. to make flat or profiled sandwich laminates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/40Applications of laminates for particular packaging purposes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/12Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C44/1228Joining preformed parts by the expanding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/10Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation for articles of indefinite length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34Auxiliary operations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/58Moulds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B29/00Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/002Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B29/005Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to another layer of paper or cardboard layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B29/08Corrugated paper or cardboard
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/28Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207Heat-activated adhesive
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D3/00Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies or peripheral walls of curved or partially-curved cross-section made by winding or bending paper without folding along defined lines
    • B65D3/22Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies or peripheral walls of curved or partially-curved cross-section made by winding or bending paper without folding along defined lines with double walls; with walls incorporating air-chambers; with walls made of laminated material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0855Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using microwave
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31FMECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/20Corrugating; Corrugating combined with laminating to other layers
    • B31F1/24Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed
    • B31F1/26Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed by interengaging toothed cylinders cylinder constructions
    • B31F1/28Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed by interengaging toothed cylinders cylinder constructions combined with uniting the corrugated webs to flat webs ; Making double-faced corrugated cardboard
    • B31F1/2818Glue application specially adapted therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31FMECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/20Corrugating; Corrugating combined with laminating to other layers
    • B31F1/24Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed
    • B31F1/26Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed by interengaging toothed cylinders cylinder constructions
    • B31F1/28Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed by interengaging toothed cylinders cylinder constructions combined with uniting the corrugated webs to flat webs ; Making double-faced corrugated cardboard
    • B31F1/2845Details, e.g. provisions for drying, moistening, pressing
    • B31F1/285Heating or drying equipment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B2038/0052Other operations not otherwise provided for
    • B32B2038/0084Foaming
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/033 layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2310/00Treatment by energy or chemical effects
    • B32B2310/08Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B32B2310/0806Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B32B2310/0862Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using microwave
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2439/00Containers; Receptacles
    • B32B2439/70Food packaging

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

用以製造用於包裝之多層式基材之方法
本發明係有關於製造包裝基材中所使用之熱可膨脹性黏著劑/塗覆物的加速活化方法。
背景
消費者經常購買於自包裝基材製成之容器內之現成產品,諸如,食物及飲料及其它產品。隔熱容器可設計用於熱或冷的液體或食物,諸如,熱咖啡、冰茶,或比薩。此等容器可藉由降低從內容物至消費者的手之熱或冷轉移而維持液體或食物內容物之溫度。
為助於消費者之手與食物或飲料容器之內容物之熱或冷之隔絕,熱可膨脹性之黏著劑及塗覆物已被發展用於有微構槽之紙板或其它包裝基材。此等可膨脹性之黏著劑及塗覆物係於加熱超過一特定溫度時膨脹。
概要
揭示一種於製造方法期間以一微波加熱器加熱用於容器之片狀或捲狀網材(“片材”)及其它基材之方法,造成施加至片材或基材之熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物快速膨脹,加速其活化。熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物膨脹而提供此材料絕緣性及剛性,此助於將此等材料轉化成包裝物或容器,及使容器之流體及固體內容物維持冷或熱,且於容器處理期間隔絕此等內容物而免於人類之接觸。此方法係完全自動化且使用捲狀及或其它片狀材料,諸如,單面材料及有溝槽之紙板材料。熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物可為每重量之澱粉或其它結合劑及諸如於下探討之適合組成物為數個可膨脹性微球之組成物。材料係於此方法之不同時間點藉由微波加熱器加熱,但特別是於施加熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物之後。一多層式片材可被層合及運送至最後加工處理,諸如,被印刷、模切、自坏料移除,及/或容器之其它組合。一多層式片材亦可以一熱可膨脹性塗覆物形成圖案,於被加熱後,亦可直接加工處理成容器。
本發明之其它系統、方法、特徵及優點對於熟習此項技藝者於檢視下列圖式及詳細說明會係明顯或變明顯。所意欲者係所有此等另外之系統、方法、特徵及優點係包括於此說明內,於本發明之範圍內,及受下列申請專利範圍所保護。
圖式簡單說明
第1圖係與一外壁組合之一杯子之透視圖。
第2圖係一雙壁式杯子之側剖面圖。
第3係具有一杯子之一套筒之截面圖。
第4圖係用於製造用於容器之包裝材料及基材之一例示機器系統之圖。
第5圖係置於輸送帶上之一例示工業微波加熱器之透視示意圖。
第6圖係第5圖之微波加熱器之頂平面示意圖。
第7圖係第5圖之工業微波加熱器之側平面示意圖。
第8圖係第5圖之工業微波加熱器之前截面示意圖。
第9圖係於包括將多層式片材微波加熱以加速熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物膨脹之方法中製造一多層式片材之一例示方法之流程圖。
詳細說明
一包裝物、容器,或容器套筒可由諸如一可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物之一絕緣材料所構成及/或絕緣。於將包裝材料或基材形成容器形狀之前或之後,絕緣材料可固定於一容器,或其可施加至一可移除之套筒。諸如熱可膨脹性材料之絕緣材料可施加至容器或於一容器材料內,或可施加至一容器之一外壁,或此等之組合。絕緣材料可於到達最終使用者前膨脹,諸如,於容器及/或容器套筒被製造時,及/或絕緣材料可僅於最終使用及僅於回應,例如,溫度時膨脹。絕緣材料可用以輔助容器及/或容器套筒之絕緣能力,及/或增加容器及/或容器套筒之剛性,例如,降低容器及/或容器套筒之材料組份之厚度。
用以製造包裝物、容器,及/或容器套筒之片材可於一將於後更詳細探討之自動組裝線方法之一輸送帶型機器系統上製造。於一襯材層合於其上前,可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物可藉由傳統施加方法,諸如,滾筒施加,或噴灑或以其它方式施加至片材,而施加於,例如,一瓦楞原紙上。可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物因此可於製造方法期間於膨脹前置於二層之某類片材之間。當絕緣材料係一塗覆物時,絕緣材料可於藉由加熱膨脹前施加至一單層(或單一)片材或一多層狀片材之一外表面。此外或另外,可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物可於被捕集於二片材間之前藉由加熱膨脹。如稍後所探討,其它實施例係可能。
於某些實施例,熱可膨脹性之黏著劑/塗覆物係於一輸送機型之機器組合方法期間加熱,使得膨脹係於製造容器時發生。藉由傳統之機器系統,熱源係藉由一溫度來源,諸如,來自一加熱槍或一紅外線(IR)加熱器或燈。傳統之加熱方法,諸如,一機器系統上線上安裝之一熱空氣爐及/或一紅外線加熱器係不能有效地適當活化於生產速度,典型上係250英呎/分鐘(fpm)至600 fpm,之熱可膨脹性微球。此部份係由於空間及熱功率限制及由於主要係以傳導、對流,及輻射為基礎之此等方法之加熱機構。因此,藉由此等熱源,技術問題係以受限制之熱能、低膨脹效率,及因而之較低加工處理速度展現。較低速度減緩藉由傳統機器系統之容器生產。
於本揭露內容提議施加來自一工業微波加熱器之微波能量,其係適於輻射於此方法期間通過之片料。因此,來自微波加熱器之微波給予可膨脹性黏著劑或絕緣塗覆物肶量,使其等比來自於一熱溫度或其它熱源更快速地加熱。此係由於大量的熱於極短時間內由熱可膨脹性之黏著劑/塗覆物內之水及其它極性分子吸收。例如,當有微球位於其它之混合物曝置於強大之微波能量而快速加熱時,混入黏著劑/塗覆物內之可膨脹性微球可快速膨脹。
熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或絕緣材料可包括以澱粉為主之黏膠,可為以合成材料為主,且可於層合黏著劑時施加於瓦楞紙板之生產,而賦予較高體積,降低紙量,或二者。瓦楞紙板因而可轉化成許多有用之食物及非食物之瓦楞紙包裝產品,不受限地例如,有溝槽之套筒、有微溝槽之翻蓋,及E-溝槽紙箱及襯袋箱。此等熱可膨脹性之黏著劑/塗覆物可以傳統之瓦楞機或層合機施加,且藉由一工業微波加熱器輔助,膨脹以提高效率及速度。其它之熱可膨脹性塗覆物可以完全覆蓋或以圖案方式施加於紙基材上,且其後藉由微波加熱器膨脹,產生具不同最終使用利益之一發泡體層或質地,此等之部份將於下解釋。
第1圖係例示一容器100,諸如,一杯子,其具有一內壁102及一外壁104,其等可自藉由參考先前及於第4圖顯示之機器系統製造之諸如紙板之片料製造。外壁104之坏料可呈一容器套筒或容器100之一壁或本體之型式。容器100係不限於一杯子,且可為任何其它容器,其不受限地包括一散裝咖啡容器、一湯碗、壓製成型容器、盤子、套筒(例如,單面瓦楞、雙面瓦楞、非瓦楞式之紙板等)、折疊紙盒、托盤、碗、翻蓋,及具有或不具有蓋子或套筒之其它者。容器100可為一圓柱形杯子或具有包括椎狀、矩形等之其它幾何組態之一容器。
外壁104之坏料係不限於瓦楞模切坏料,且可由任何種類之紙板、紙、箔、膜、織物、發泡體、塑料等建構。外壁104可由任何公稱之造紙原料製成,不受限地包括天然單面、白面單面、塗覆漂白頂單面、瓦楞、有溝槽之瓦楞,或此等之任何組合。外壁104可自容器100移除,或外壁104可與容器100黏著。外壁104可,例如,藉由使用熱黏著劑、冷膠及/或任何其它黏著劑或密封機構將外壁104之坏料層合至容器上而黏著。另外或此外,外壁104之坏料可以一絕緣材料黏著。若外壁104係於製造期間與杯子附接,其可藉由除去由商業最終使用者之組合步驟而增加效率。再者,可減少商業最終使用者所需之貯存空間量,例如,兩兩相對地貯存一品項。
第1圖係無需按比例繪製。例如,外壁104可覆蓋容器100之表面之比例示者更大或更小部份。例如,外壁104可提供整體覆蓋。增加外壁104之表面積可提供較大之絕緣面積與較大之印刷表面。雖然此圖例示一杯子上之外壁104,外壁104可加至任何其它容器,不受限地諸如一散裝飲料容器、壓製成型容器,及湯碗。另外或此外,外壁104可加至一容器套筒(第3圖)。
第2圖係一容器100之側剖面圖,其可為一雙壁式杯子。容器100可於容器100之一外壁104與內容物206,諸如,熱或冷的飲料或食物,之間提供一氣套200。藉由外側表面溫度測量時,氣套200可提供絕熱。氣套200可部份或完全圍繞容器100。當容器100被抓取時,施加於外壁104上之壓力可於壓力點使外壁104崩垮,以降低氣套200及可能開始與容器100之一內壁102之接觸。氣套200會於壓力點下崩垮,且會產生低剛性感覺,且接觸會於外壁104上產生熱點。
施加於內壁102與外壁104間之一絕緣材料216會降低或去除此作用。若使用一足夠量之絕緣材料216,絕緣材料216可用以提供剛性,且不會危及氣套200對外壁104之絕熱,使得外壁104不會完全或部份地崩垮。絕緣材料216可增加容器100之機械強度。由於藉由絕緣材料216而增加之機械強度,可使用較輕重量之材料產生容器100,使得形成容器100之一基材之來源可被降低。絕緣材料216可於內壁102、外壁104,或二者之數處,諸如,點或另外圖案處施加,使得絕緣材料216界定一空氣間隙200,且避免外壁104於保持之壓力下崩垮於內壁102上。絕緣材料216亦可對使用者提供一剛性感覺,同時能降低基材材料,例如,內壁102或外壁104。
絕緣材料216可於活化時膨脹,或可,例如,藉由包含空氣或惰性氣體、於原位之空氣孔隙、微球、可膨脹性之微球或其它發泡劑而再次膨脹。絕緣材料216可藉由,例如,溫度或經由其它方法活化。於一例子,絕緣材料216可藉由一熱溫度而熱活化。絕緣材料216可為一可膨脹性之絕緣材料或黏著劑。此外或另外,絕緣材料216可不受限地包括結合劑、可膨脹性之微球或其它微封裝顆粒、色料及其它添加劑、黏著劑、惰性氣體發泡之熱熔物、含有熱可膨脹性微球之含水塗覆物、以澱粉為主之黏著劑、天然聚合物黏著劑、PVC、發泡體塗覆物、生物可分解之黏膠,或此等或其它材料之任何組合。絕緣材料216可包括於原位之空氣孔隙、微球、微顆粒、纖維、可膨脹性之纖維、溶解顆粒等。於一例子,具微球之絕緣材料216可包括具有數個,諸如,一至五,百分率之混入絕緣材料216內之微球之一澱粉組成物。絕緣材料216可為生物可分解、可堆肥,及/或可回收。
絕緣材料216可於濕化或乾燥時膨脹。絕緣材料216可包括任何合成或天然之材料,包括以水性為主、以溶劑為主、高固體,或100%之固體材料。固體含量之量典型上係材料之30%至80%,且更佳係40%至70%。另外之成份可添加至結合劑及/或絕緣材料216,不受限地包括色料或染料、填料/增量劑、用於分散之表面活性劑、用於最佳應用之控制黏度之增稠劑或溶劑、發泡劑、如蠟或滑動助劑之添加劑等。另外,結合劑及/或絕緣材料216可為一黏著劑。絕緣材料216可具有數個性質,不受限地包括用以保持容器內容物之熱或冷之絕熱,吸收冷凝物及或液體,及/或可與與熱材料(諸如,超過150℉)接觸時會膨脹,及較佳地於一決定之設計活化溫度前保持不活化。例如,絕緣材料216於約室溫時會保持不活化。絕緣材料216可為再次成將化,可回收,及/或生物可分解。
於另一例子,諸如氮氣之惰性氣體可注射至絕緣材料216內。例如,諸如氮氣之惰性氣體可注射至熱熔黏著劑內,以澱粉為主之黏著劑,或天然聚合物黏著劑可被使用。氣體可於置放外壁104之前施加至內壁102之外表面上以賦予此等材料發泡體結構,因此,改良雙壁式容器之機械及絕熱性質。氣體可於絕緣材料216,例如,於其被施加至外壁104之前,或於施加至外壁104期間注射於其內。
第3圖例示與容器100組合之一外壁104(第2圖),諸如,一套筒,之截面圖。此圖係用以例示而非限制。杯子可以任何容器替換,例如,一壓製成型之托盤、一湯碗、一散裝飲料容器。外壁104可具有一內表面306及一外表面304。一絕緣材料216可施加至內表面306、外表面304,及/或內表面306與外表面304間之一表面302,諸如,套筒之一內壁。內表面306及外表面304無需於其間含有一空間302。
諸如一熱可膨脹性材料之一絕緣材料216可以一活性或非活性型式施加至外壁104之一內表面306。絕緣材料216可以實質上未改變外壁104之厚度之一薄膜施加.將絕緣材料216施加至外壁104之內側亦可維持外壁104之外表面之可印刷性。若外壁104上之絕緣材料216係,例如,與一標準紙杯組合,其可維持杯子之薄輪廓。另外,於組合成一套筒前,熱可膨脹性材料可於製造期間藉由微波活化以加速其膨脹。此確保可膨脹性之黏著劑/塗覆物於製造期間膨脹,且於製造後及使用前提供額外之勁度及強度。
第4圖係用於製造用以製造諸如於上探討之容器100之容器之包裝材料或基材之一例示機器系統400之圖。例如,機器系統400可為具有數個階段之一輸送機型式之機器系統,諸如,瑞士Grenchen之Asitrade AG製造之Asitrade微溝槽層合機器,其被引述僅作為一例子。第4圖提供一方法之三個平行圖:一機器圖,A,片材可行經此機器之方式之圖,B,及形成之製造產品之截面圖,C。機器系統400可於一相當大之長度縱向延伸,且沿著其長度可包括數個工作站。如第4圖所展示,組合成包裝材料或基材之片材係沿著機器從右至左地運行。
機器系統400可使用一第一片材402,可以可一捲材或網材大量提供。第一片材402可藉由一輪子為主、以帶材為主,或其它運輸系統供應至機器系統400內及行經此方法之各個步驟。第4圖例示一以輪子為主之系統之使用。另外或此外,機器系統100可使用可預先印刷且可已具特定包裝物之圖案或坏料,例如,杯子容器、盤子、翻蓋、托盤、袋子或飲料容器支架等之坏料,而模切之片材。
第一片材402可由具有若干剛性且能被彎曲或壓痕以促進沿著決定線彎曲之一般呈平坦之材料所組成。例如,片材402可為單面襯紙,不受限地例如,牛皮紙、以黏土塗覆之報紙紙板、白面紙板、容器紙板、全漂白硫酸鹽(SBS)紙板或其它材料。材料可經處理,以便提供增加之耐水性或耐流體性,且可於材料之選擇部份上具有列印。另外或此外,片材402可由瓦楞硬紙板、粗紙板、夾板、金屬化紙、塑料、聚合物、纖維、複合物、前述之混合物或組合等所組成。第一片材402可由可回收之材料製成或可為可堆肥、生物可分解,或此等之組合。
第一片材402可藉由一滾輪408運送至一第一工作站420。第一工作站420可為一瓦楞化之站。第一工作站420亦可包括一瓦楞化之滾輪。瓦楞化之滾輪可使第一片材402或其它原紙形成一系列之波紋或溝槽。另外,一單層或單片之基材可作為第一片材402或原紙無波紋地直接壓製。
第一工作站420亦可包括亦可包括一施加器,其可將一固定材料施加至第一片材402之一側,即,溝槽頂部,或其它原質之側。例如,施加器可為一含有諸如黏著劑之固定材料之一貯槽。貯槽可配置於接近瓦楞化之滾輪,使得黏著劑係施加至藉由瓦楞化之滾輪產生之波紋或溝槽之頂部。此外或另外,固定材料可藉由噴灑、粉刷,或其它方式施加。例如,一施加器可藉由將固定材料噴灑至第一片狀(或其它原紙)材料402之一側上而施加。來自施加器之噴灑可為持續性或間斷性,且可產生虛線、條狀、點狀,或橢圓形之固定材料。設計及圖案可藉由移動施加器或藉由將第一片材402相對於噴灑器移除而施加。
固定材料可為,例如,一黏著劑、一絕熱材料216,或其它材料或塗覆物,例如,具有固定性質者。各種可膨脹性之絕緣材料216係於先前詳細探討。再者,固定材料可為一熱熔物或一非熱熔性黏著劑,或一冷凝固黏著劑,例如,一熱熔黏著劑、以澱粉為主之黏著劑、天然聚合物黏著劑、以纖維素為主之黏著劑、黏膠、熱熔膠、聚合物結合劑、合成材料、發泡體等。
固定材料可自可源起於一調節及製備站432之一管線422遞送至施加器。於遞送至第一工作點420之施加器之前,微球或其它可膨脹性之絕緣材料可與澱粉、結合劑,或其它黏著劑材料於調節及製備站432預混合。
於某些實施例,施加器之施加可將一熱可膨脹性塗覆 物之一圖案施加至第一片材或其它原紙,此處稱為一單層片材,然後,藉由一微波加熱器加熱以造成熱可膨脹性塗覆物膨脹。然後,此經塗覆及形成圖案之單層片材可被送至加工處理成具有具圖案之塗覆物之一最終產品。
於其它實施例,第一片材402亦可與一第二片材404,例如,藉由將第二片材404與第一片材402壓製而合併。第二片材404可藉由固定材料與第一片材402固定,造成一二層式片材426,諸如,如第4圖的C所示之單面具溝槽之片材。
瓦楞化或第一工作站420內高於一預定溫度之任何溫度會具有熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物過度乾燥之負面副作用,此會造成黏著劑或塗覆物內之微球過早部份膨脹。若太乾燥,熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物則不會具有用以吸收微波能量而被快速加熱之足夠水份。因此,於瓦楞化站施加至組合式瓦楞紙板,例如,單面紙板,之溫度較佳係保持於約200℉或更低。
然後,二層式片材426可通過或行經一工業微波加熱器427,其可建造於第一工作站420後之輸送帶附近,以施加微波至此二層式片材。水份較佳係維持於在調節及製備站432製備之混合物之熱可膨脹性之絕緣材料216內。此水份係易於吸收自微波加熱器427發射之微波電力,因此快速加熱,造成藉由施加器施加之黏著劑/塗覆物之絕緣材料216膨脹。
微波加熱器427較佳係於915MHz或2.45GHz或於某一其它可接受頻率操作之一平面式。微波加熱器427亦可為一管式或其它型式之加熱器。此等型式之工業微波加熱器係普遍用以乾燥含水之混合物或產物,其係含有於微波場吸收電磁能量之極性分子,造成將水加熱及乾燥,且有時係烹煮產物。如第5-8圖所見,若係平面式,微波加熱器427可於二微波導件或通道面板間包括一窄的開口槽,其係用以使一紙網材或其它基材通過。微波加熱器427可不僅乾燥紙網材或基材,亦可使於紙層間或紙上預先施加之可膨脹性之材料膨脹。
二層式之材料片材426,諸如,一單面具溝槽之片材,可離開機器系統400且持續進一步之加工處理,諸如,模切、印刷、摺疊等,造成一最終產品。另外,二層式之片材426可如下所述般藉由機器系統400進一步加工處理。需注意微波加熱器427可另外設置於機器系統400下方之進一步加工處理站。例如,一可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物可於此方法之一稍後階段施加,其後,於某處,如稍後所探討般,微波加熱器427可被置放以使黏著劑/塗覆物膨脹。微波加熱器427之位置因此並不要重,但某些位置對於機器系統400之零件之易於附接之目的可能較佳。
二層式之材料片材426可運送至一第二工作站430。第二工作站430可包括一施加器,其可將一固定材料施加至二層式片材426之一側。例如,施加器可將一固定材料施加至二層式片材426之第二片材404側,其可為二層式片材426之襯材側。另外或此外,施加器可將一固定材料施加至二層式片材426之第一片材402側。固定材料可為或包括一可膨脹性黏著劑或絕緣塗覆物。例如,固定材料可為一黏著劑,例如,一熱熔黏著劑、以澱粉為主之黏著劑、天然聚合物黏著劑、以纖維素為主之黏著劑、黏膠、熱熔膠、冷凝固膠、結合劑、合成材料、聚合物結合劑、發泡體等。
固定材料可藉由噴灑、粉刷或其它方式施加。例如,施加器可為一含有一固定材料之一貯槽。貯槽可配置於接近滾輪,其係將紙供應至第二工作站430內,使得固定材料施加至藉由瓦楞化之滾輪產生之波紋或溝槽之頂部。作為第二例子,一施加器可藉由噴灑而將固定材料施加至第一片材402、第二片材404,或二者之一側。自施加器之噴灑可為持續或間斷,且可產生虛線、條狀、點狀,或橢圓形之固定材料。設計及圖案可藉由移動施加器或藉由使第一片材402相對於噴灑器移動而施加。
二層式片材426可,例如,藉由將第三片材410與二層式片材426壓製而與可為一第二襯材之一第三片材410合併,產生一三層式片材434。
三層式片材410可由具有若干剛性且能被彎曲或壓痕以促進沿著決定線彎曲之一般呈平坦之材料所組成。例如,三層式片材410可為單面襯紙,不受限地例如,牛皮紙。材料可經處理,以便提供增加之耐水性或耐流體性,且可於材料之選擇部份上具有列印。另外或此外,第三片材410可由瓦楞硬紙板、粗紙板、SBS、金屬化紙、塑料、聚合物、纖維、複合物、前述之混合物或組合等所組成。第三片材410可由可回收之材料製成或可為可堆肥、生物可分解,或此等之組合。
第二工作站430可為一層合機。諸如三層式片材434之多層式片材之各層可改良形成之包裝材料之結構完整性及外觀。微波加熱器可另外位於第二工作站430或其附近,以於,例如,層合期間以微波能量輻射通過第二工作站430之多層式片材。然後,微波加熱器427可將施加至多層式片材作為固定材料之黏著劑或塗覆物-其含有諸如微球之可熱膨脹性之組份-快速加熱及因而膨脹。離開第二工作站430之多層式片材可進一步調節、切割或模切,及堆疊以供運送。然後,多層式片材可形成容器100。
數個實驗室可行性測試係使用一般辦公室微波爐及一試驗場平面式工業微波加熱器實施。E-溝槽單面瓦楞紙板及F-溝槽單壁式瓦楞紙板係於此等測試作為基材。此等測試之結果包括確認夾置於原紙及襯材間之熱可膨脹性之黏著劑及塗覆物之活化及膨脹之可行性。此等測試亦顯示於乾燥及降低水蒸氣能量消耗之提升。此等測試亦顯示一呈角度之導波器,例如,一45度位向之微導波器組態可於機器400上連線使用,以產生此方法之與未使用熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物之方法同量之速度增加。
第5至8圖包括可用於微波加熱器427之微導波器之各種示意圖,其可安裝於用以使紙板、片材,或其它基材經機器系統400運送之一或多個輸送帶503附近。展示之微波加熱器427係一平面式,其具有使片材通過之一窄槽505。第7圖顯示橫向側視圖,而第8圖顯示微波加熱器427之前或縱向圖。微波加熱器427可包括數個微導波器通道,其係連在一起以提供用以輻射片材之增加的表面積。微波加熱器427之於第5至8圖顯示之尺寸僅係例示且不受限制。
第9圖係用於一方法中製造一多層片材之一例示方法之流程圖,其包括將多層片材微波加熱以加速一熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物膨脹。第9圖之虛線包括選擇性之路徑,其可繞過此方法之一或多個步驟。於方塊900,一第一片材可裝載於機器系統400內,且可被瓦楞化。於方塊910,一固定材料可施加至第一片材之一側。固定材料可為一熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物,其可包括澱粉及微球或某些其它組成物。於方塊920,一第二片材可施加至第一片材。若此二層式片材具有包括此熱可膨脹性塗覆物之一固定材料,此二層式片材可於方塊930以微波能量加熱以使熱可膨脹性之黏著劑/塗覆物膨脹。於方塊940,此二層式片材可被運送而,諸如,藉由印刷、模切、及坏料移除,及/或組合而加工處理成一最終產品。
於方塊950,一第二固定材料可施加至二層式片材之一側。第二固定材料可為一熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物,其可包括澱粉及微球 及/或某些其它適合組成物。於此步驟後,多層式片材可跳過某些步驟,且於未先施加一第三片材下加熱及/或層合。否則,於方塊960,一第三片材可施加至第一或第二片材之一露出側。於方塊970,若第二固定材料係一熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物,多層式片材可以微波能量加熱以使熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物膨脹。於方塊980,多層式片材可被層合。即,若第一、第二,及第三片材施加在一起,則可於方塊980層合在一起。於方塊940,多層式片材或基材可加工處理成一最終產物,其可包括印刷、模切、自坏料移除,及/或組合。
例如,形成之多層式片材可進一步加工處理,諸如,藉由施加包裝坏料及其後自片材移除,及將坏料組合成最終產品(方塊940)。此方法之最終產品(其可為,例如,一杯子、容器支架、容器套筒、翻蓋、托盤等)可由一或多層之一或多種上述材料製成。若使用多層材料,其可被結合,不受限地諸如,層合、膠黏,或以其它方式固定在一起以增加強度。
如所述,使用絕緣材料216可助於降低用以製造容器、套筒等所需之基材厚度,同時對消費者維持更具剛性的感覺。絕緣材料216亦可改良容器之絕緣性質,及依應用而定地助於使飲料或食物保溫或保冷。基材可由天然纖維、合成材料或二者製成,諸如,SBS(全漂白流酸鹽)紙板或箱紙板。諸如襯材及原紙之套筒材料可由10LB/1000ft2至100LB/1000ft2之材料製成,且較佳係15LB/1000ft2至40LB/1000ft2
雖然本發明之各種實施例已被說明,但對熟習此項技藝者明顯的是於本發明範圍內之許多更多之實施例及執行係可能。例如,除非明確說明外,於圖式中所顯示或於下之申請專利範圍中所反映之方法之步驟確實需以其呈現方式之特定實行順序。所揭露之步驟係作為例示而列示,使得另外或不同之步驟可被實行或此等步驟可以不同順序實行。
100...容器
102...內壁
104...外壁
200...氣套
206...內容物
216...絕緣材料
302...表面
304...外表面
306...內表面
400...機器系統
402...第一片材
404...第二片材
408...滾輪
410...第三片材
420‧‧‧第一工作站
422‧‧‧管線
426‧‧‧二層式片材
427‧‧‧工業微波加熱器
430‧‧‧第二工作站
432‧‧‧調節及製備站
434‧‧‧三層式片材
503‧‧‧輸送帶
505‧‧‧窄槽
900‧‧‧方塊
910‧‧‧方塊
920‧‧‧方塊
930‧‧‧方塊
940‧‧‧方塊
950‧‧‧方塊
960‧‧‧方塊
970‧‧‧方塊
980‧‧‧方塊
第1圖係與一外壁組合之一杯子之透視圖。
第2圖係一雙壁式杯子之側剖面圖。
第3係具有一杯子之一套筒之截面圖。
第4圖係用於製造用於容器之包裝材料及基材之一例示機器系統之圖。
第5圖係置於輸送帶上之一例示工業微波加熱器之透視示意圖。
第6圖係第5圖之微波加熱器之頂平面示意圖。
第7圖係第5圖之工業微波加熱器之側平面示意圖。
第8圖係第5圖之工業微波加熱器之前截面示意圖。
第9圖係於包括將多層式片材微波加熱以加速熱可膨脹性之黏著劑或塗覆物膨脹之方法中製造一多層式片材之一例示方法之流程圖。
900‧‧‧方塊
910‧‧‧方塊
920‧‧‧方塊
930‧‧‧方塊
940‧‧‧方塊
950‧‧‧方塊
960‧‧‧方塊
970‧‧‧方塊
980‧‧‧方塊

Claims (7)

  1. 一種用以製造用於包裝之一多層式基材之方法,該方法包含:將一平面狀第一片材送至一輸送機機器系統內,該第一片材具有至少二側;將該第一片材瓦楞化;將一第一固定材料施加至該第一片材之一側的瓦楞溝槽,該固定材料包含一熱可膨脹性黏著劑,該熱可膨脹性黏著劑由澱粉或一與熱可膨脹性微球混合之結合劑所組成;將一平面狀第二片材施加至該第一片材之該側;以及在該等第一及第二片材維持平面狀下,以一工業微波加熱器加熱該等第一及第二片材,藉此造成使該熱可膨脹性黏著劑膨脹及形成該多層式基材。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,該第一片材包含紙。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,該第二片材包含紙。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該第一片材之該側包含一第一側,該方法進一步包含:將一第二固定材料施加至該第一片材之一第二側或該第二片材;將一平面狀第三片材施加至該第一片材之該第一側或至該第二片材;以及 將該等第一、第二、及第三片材層合以形成一第二多層式基材。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之方法,其中,該第二固定材料包含一第二熱可膨脹性黏著劑,該方法進一步包含:在該第一固定材料之該第一熱可膨脹性黏著劑已經膨脹之後,將具有該第二固定材料之該多層式基材加熱以使該第二熱可膨脹性黏著劑膨脹。
  6. 一種用以製造用於包裝之一多層式基材之方法,該方法包含:將一平面狀第一片材送至一輸送機機器系統內,該第一片材具有至少二側;將該第一片材瓦楞化;將一第一固定材料施加至該第一片材之一第一側之瓦楞溝槽;將一平面狀第二片材施加至該第一片材之該第一側;將一第二固定材料施加至該第一片材之一第二側或至該第二片材,該第二固定材料包含一熱可膨脹性塗覆物,該熱可膨脹性塗覆物由澱粉或一與熱可膨脹性微球混合之結合劑所組成;在該等第一及第二片材維持平面狀下,以一工業微波加熱器加熱該等第一及第二片材,藉此造成使經施加至該等片材之該熱可膨脹性塗覆物膨脹;以及將一平面狀第三片材施加至該等第一及第二片材而形成該多層式基材。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1、5或6項之方法,其中該工業微波加熱器包含一平面式微波加熱器,其具有圍繞一供該等片材通過之空間的多數個微波導件,該微波加熱器係可操作於915MHz或於2.45GHz。
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