TWI545006B - 用於旋轉式製袋機之封合器的帽蓋及穿孔器 - Google Patents

用於旋轉式製袋機之封合器的帽蓋及穿孔器 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI545006B
TWI545006B TW103101716A TW103101716A TWI545006B TW I545006 B TWI545006 B TW I545006B TW 103101716 A TW103101716 A TW 103101716A TW 103101716 A TW103101716 A TW 103101716A TW I545006 B TWI545006 B TW I545006B
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
wire
seal
zone
cap
sealing
Prior art date
Application number
TW103101716A
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English (en)
Other versions
TW201420328A (zh
Inventor
保羅 思勒
居葛利 皮爾威茲
Original Assignee
Cmd公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/937,870 external-priority patent/US20080093018A1/en
Priority claimed from US12/145,913 external-priority patent/US20080300121A1/en
Application filed by Cmd公司 filed Critical Cmd公司
Publication of TW201420328A publication Critical patent/TW201420328A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI545006B publication Critical patent/TWI545006B/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
    • B29C65/7433—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc the tool being a wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/007—Forming single grooves or ribs, e.g. tear lines, weak spots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/221—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/222—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip comprising at least a single heated wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/221—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/226—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip characterised by the cross-section of said heated wire, resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip, e.g. being triangular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/228—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the means for electrically connecting the ends of said heated wire, resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30—Electrical means
    • B29C65/305—Electrical means involving the use of cartridge heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/38—Impulse heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
    • B29C65/7437—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc the tool being a perforating tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/004—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0042—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0044—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined using a separating sheet, e.g. fixed on the joining tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/232—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/347—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients
    • B29C66/3472—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients in the plane of the joint, e.g. along the joint line in the plane of the joint or perpendicular to the joint line in the plane of the joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/347—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients
    • B29C66/3474—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients perpendicular to the plane of the joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/735—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7352—Thickness, e.g. very thin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81455—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps being a fluid inflatable bag or bladder, a diaphragm or a vacuum bag for applying isostatic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8167—Quick change joining tools or surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81811—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B29C66/81812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws the welding jaws being cooled from the outside, e.g. by blowing a gas or spraying a liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B29C66/82421—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives using an inflatable element positioned between the joining tool and a backing-up part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8244—Actuating mechanisms magnetically driven
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B65B61/04—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for severing webs, or for separating joined packages
    • B65B61/06—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for severing webs, or for separating joined packages by cutting
    • B65B61/10—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for severing webs, or for separating joined packages by cutting using heated wires or cutters
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/81821—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the thermal insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/8187—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81871—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
    • B29C66/91212—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods involving measurement means being part of the welding jaws, e.g. integrated in the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91231—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the joining tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9131—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91311—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by measuring the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B29C66/91315—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by measuring the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by measuring the current intensity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
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Description

用於旋轉式製袋機之封合器的帽蓋及穿孔器
本發明大體上關於袋子的製造技術。更特定言之，其關於製袋機及一製袋方法，其由一薄膜或薄片製造出袋子，且形成使藉由該薄片製成之相鄰袋子分離的密封處和穿孔處或一減弱線。
本發明是2008年7月2日申請、發明名稱為〝Method and Apparatus For Making Bags〞之美國專利申請案第12/159,979號的部分接續申請案並主張其權利，該12/159,979號案主張2007年1月12日申請、發明名稱為〝Method and Apparatus For Making Bags〞之PCT申請案第PCT/US07/00981號的優先權和權利；且本發明是2008年6月25日申請、發明名稱為〝Method and Apparatus For Making Skirtless Seals〞之美國專利申請案第12/145,913號的部分接續申請案並主張其權利，該12/145,913號案是2007年11月9日申請、發明名稱為〝Method and Apparatus For Making Skirtless Seals〞之美國專利申請案第11/937,870號的部分接續申請案並主張其權利，該11/937,870號案是2006年1月13日申請、發明名稱為〝Method and Apparatus For Making Bags〞之美國專利申請案第11/331,466號(已在2008年11月11日授證為美國專利第7,445,590號)的部分接續申請案並主張其權利。
頃有許多已知的製袋機。有一種款式是滾筒式機器。滾筒式機器廣為人知且其詳細說明可參見美國專利第6,117,058號、4,934,993號、5,518,559號、5,587,032號及4,642,084號(每一者均以引用的方式併入本文中)。
旋轉式製袋機之操作的詳細說明可從上列專利找到，但其共通操作方式可參照圖1看到。一習知旋轉式製袋機100利用一浮動輥總成203、一對送往滾筒的輥205和206(203-206是一輸入段的局部)、一封合滾筒208、一對送離滾筒的輥210和211、一封合襯件213、一對送往裁切刀的輥215和216、一裁切刀218(其可為任何其他薄片處理裝置，譬如穿孔器、刀具、刀模、衝壓站、或折疊站)、一對送離裁切刀的輥219和220(210-220是一輸出段的局部)、及一控制器221。此處所述之輸入段係包含一製袋機接收薄片的部分，譬如一退繞總成和一浮動輥總成。此處所述之輸出段係包含在形成密封之處的下游作用於一薄片上的總成，譬如穿孔器、捲繞器、折疊器等。
該薄片經由浮動輥總成203送到滾筒208。滾筒208包含複數個封合棒209。該等封合棒經加熱且自薄片201製造成密封處而形成袋子。薄片201被一Teflon®塗層 襯件抵住滾筒208(及封合棒)固持。由該滾筒造成之密封的間距與袋長(頭尾相接的袋子)或袋寬(由側邊密封形成的袋子)有關。頭尾相接的袋子由滾筒形成一處密封，且並排的袋子係被形成有一對密封。滾筒直徑可經調整及/或小於所有封合棒以決定密封間距，且因此決定袋子大小。
圖1習知技藝規定薄片201在離開滾筒208之後被導往旋轉的裁切刀218，其會產生袋子之間的穿孔處，或者可分開鄰接的袋子。當袋子是頭尾相接的袋子時，穿孔處被定位在單一密封處附近，致使當袋子被分開時，穿孔處及穿孔末端是一袋子的頂部，且就末端密封型來說，密封處是鄰接的袋子的底部，而就側邊密封型來說，是相鄰袋子的側邊。理想中，穿孔處係鄰近於密封處以減少浪費，但這在實務上很難。當袋子係並排形成時，穿孔處係被製造在密封對之間。在穿孔處之兩側上均需要一密封，因為兩個袋子的側邊都應當要密封。介於密封對之間的薄片被浪費。因此，密封對應當彼此靠近以減少浪費，但這在實務上也很難。
控制器221連接到各組件以控制速度、位置等。可利用感測器感知薄片上的印記以形成密封及/或使穿孔處對正密封處(使前者相對於後者在正確位置)。又，感測器可偵測密封處以嘗試在正確位置製造出穿孔處。經證明要感知密封處會有困難。一種會感知密封處之系統的習知實例見於美國專利第6,792,807號，該專利之完整內容以引用的方式併入本文中。若穿孔處被定位成太靠近一側密封，則該密封可能被切掉，使得袋子不能用。
由於感知密封處有困難，在製袋時會產生廢料，或者是袋子不能用。浪費的薄片(亦即一密封處與相鄰穿孔處之間的薄片)或是用來製造出不能用的袋子的薄片可能相當昂貴，尤其是每小時之袋子產量相當大的高速製袋機。
習知機器的另一問題是穿孔處可能相對於密封處歪掉，因為穿孔處是在下游製造出，且薄片可能偏離路線或拉長。又，機械式穿孔刀必須每隔幾天調整一次以持續正確運作。一般而言，銳利的機械刀無法藉由調整來改變穿孔強度，且其可能昂貴、複雜、及難以使用。
其他類型的製袋機，譬如間歇運動型機器(非滾筒型機器)，採用燒斷式密封方式同時進行封合及切割或穿孔，但因往復運動、停頓時間、及難以應付鬆脫袋子等因素而使速度侷限在約300fpm。其他間歇運動型機器，譬如CMD IconTM，擁有具備一整合有齒刀刃的封合棒。CMD CM300TM機器具有擺盪運動以移動具有一整合有齒刀刃的封合棒。一般而言，間歇運動型機器不如滾筒式連續機器快，且因此每工作小時產出很少袋子。
有些習知滾筒式製袋機在薄膜隨滾筒移動時製造出二個平行密封及其間之一穿孔處。舉例來說，授證給Bohn等人的第6,635,139號專利及Selle等人之習知相關申請案US 2007-0167304(其在2008年11月4日已授證為美國專利第7,445,590號)，該等專利之完整內容以引用的方式併入本文中。
據此，希冀有一種能夠增強將穿孔處定位為靠 近密封處之能力的製袋方法及製袋機。較佳來說，這可在沒有一下游刀具的條件下達成，藉此避免與下游刀具有關的問題。又，這較佳是在一連續運動型機器上達成，藉此避免與間歇型機器有關的緩慢和難處。
依據本發明之一第一面向，一種製袋機包含一輸入段、一滾筒、及一輸出段，其中一薄片從該輸入段行進至該滾筒到該輸出段。該滾筒包含至少一封合棒，其有一形成單一密封的單一封合區，且更在該第一封合區內包含一弱化區，其在該單一密封內形成一減弱區。
依據本發明之一第二面向，一袋子的製造方法為接收一薄片，利用一滾筒上之一封合棒在該薄片上形成一單一密封，且在該單一密封內形成一減弱區。該減弱區係在該第一密封形成期間之至少一部分時間中形成。
依據本發明之一第三面向，一種用於一旋轉式製袋機的穿孔器係一用於一滾筒的嵌件，包含一單一封合區及一在該單一封合區內的弱化區。其可或不可被改造裝到既有機器上。
依據本發明之另一面向，一種製袋機包含一輸入段、一滾筒、及一經配置用以從該滾筒接收薄片的輸出段。該滾筒具有至少一封合棒，其包含一形成一單一密封的封合區及一加熱絲，該加熱絲係該封合區內之一弱化區，用於在該單一密封內形成一減弱區。在該至少一封合區之至少一部 分上有一釋放層。
依據各實施例，該弱化區係一加熱穿孔器，及/或包含一加熱絲，及/或一薄膜加熱器。
該加熱絲有一電源與其連接，該電源係處於一可調電壓或強度及/或脈衝式，及/或在其他實施例中提供一反饋迴路。
在各實施例中，該加熱絲係一鎳鉻(NiCr)電阻絲、較佳係約80%鎳及約20%鉻，及/或是一薄膜加熱器及/或一電阻式加熱器，及/或經配置與該薄片間歇接觸，及/或有一約4歐姆/英尺的電阻，及/或設置在該封合棒上一嵌件及/或匣盒內。
該嵌件係由Muscovite®雲母、Phlogopite®雲母、Glastherm®複合物、或類似的電絕緣材料構成，及/或在其他實施例中有複數個孔沿著橫越方向中之一直線設置。
在各實施例中，該單一密封在機器方向中延伸至多0.125英吋、0.25英吋或至多0.75英吋。
在各實施例中，該弱化區經配置用以產生一強度變動的減弱線，及/或是一分離區，及/或包含一熱薄膜，及/或包含一有齒刀刃，及/或包含一排之針，及/或包含一指向該薄片的空氣源，及/或包含一真空源。
依據另一實施例，該有齒刀刃係可縮回的。
在各實施例中，該第一封合區包含能夠製造出側密封和帶密封的複數個獨立受控溫度區，及/或包含依橫越機器方向延伸的至少二個平行密封子區，且該穿孔區係設 置在該至少二個平行密封子區之間。
在各實施例中，該單一封合區包含能夠製造出側密封和帶密封的複數個獨立受控溫度區，及/或包含具備複數個加熱區的匣式加熱器，及/或包含一經配置用以冷卻該單一封合區之至少一部分的空氣源，及/或包含用於將受熱空氣導往該薄片的至少一埠，及/或包含超音波能量源、微波能量源或輻射熱源之至少一者。
在其他實施例中，一封合襯件經配置用以將該薄片抵住該滾筒固持，且可由具有一接觸該薄片之聚矽氧層的聚酯材料製成。
在另一實施例中，該滾筒有一可調直徑。
在各實施例中，該減弱區形成所用時間少於該第一密封，且形成所用時間係約該第一密封的一半。
在其他實施例中，形成一減弱區包含形成一致的減弱線，及/或形成一穿孔處，及/或形成一強度變動的減弱線，及/或分離鄰接的袋子，及/或向該薄片施予一真空，及/或在該薄片導以空氣。
在各實施例中，形成一穿孔處包含加熱一金屬絲及/或電阻式加熱器及/或熱薄膜，及/或用一在形成穿孔處後可或不可回縮之有齒刀刃碰觸該薄片，及/或用一排之針碰觸該薄片，及/或在該穿孔處附近形成一輔助密封。
該金屬絲有一以一可調電壓供應的電力，及/或在其他實施例中為脈衝式。
在各實施例中，一代表該金屬絲之熱的信號受 監測且所施加電力回應於此而受控。
在各實施例中，該單一密封在機器方向中延伸至多0.125英吋、0.25英吋或至多0.75英吋。
在另一實施例中，形成一單一密封包含將至少二個平行密封子區帶到與該薄片熱接觸，且形成減弱區包含將一設置在該等平行密封子區之間的弱化區帶到與該薄片熱接觸。
在各實施例中，該單一密封具有複數個獨立受控的溫度區，及/或利用超音波能量、微波能量及/或輻射熱被冷卻及/或形成。
依據其他實施例，該封合區係由一加熱絲、一電絕緣層/釋放層、一glastherm(隔熱件品牌系列)或雲母層、及一鋁塊依序構成，其中該加熱絲和電絕緣層/釋放層與薄膜發生接觸。
在各實施例中，該釋放層可由諸如kapton®及/或teflon®帶的材料構成，且該加熱絲被縫到該封合區內，及/或一材料被設置在該加熱絲底下。
在其他實施例中，封合區表面可為一帽蓋及/或具有一碰觸該薄膜之拱形形狀。
在一實施例中，該封合區及/或弱化區包含一提帶區，在該提帶區中該釋放層相對於該封合區之剩餘部分被抬高。
在一實施例中，該封合區可為一鋁塊加熱器。
在一實施例中，該加熱絲係安裝在該鋁塊加熱 器內該複數個孔之間。
依據其他實施例，該封合區係由一雙面膠帶、一加熱器、一導熱層、一金屬絲及一釋放層依序構成，其中該釋放層與該薄膜發生接觸。
熟習此技藝者將在閱覽下述圖式、詳細說明及隨附申請專利範圍項之後，明瞭本發明之其他主要特徵和優點。
100‧‧‧旋轉式製袋機
200‧‧‧滾筒
201‧‧‧薄膜/薄片
203‧‧‧浮動輥總成
205、206‧‧‧輥
208‧‧‧滾筒
209‧‧‧封合棒
210、211‧‧‧輥
213‧‧‧封合襯件
215、216‧‧‧輥
218‧‧‧裁切刀
219、220‧‧‧輥
221‧‧‧控制器
229‧‧‧封合棒
230‧‧‧襯件
300‧‧‧封合棒
301‧‧‧帽蓋/端蓋
303‧‧‧部分
304‧‧‧棒
305‧‧‧部分
307‧‧‧匣式加熱器/加熱器匣
310‧‧‧帶/釋放層
310A‧‧‧邊緣
311‧‧‧帶/釋放層
311A‧‧‧邊緣
312‧‧‧金屬絲/NiCr絲/加熱絲
314‧‧‧帶/釋放層
314A‧‧‧實線
315‧‧‧帶/釋放層
315A‧‧‧實線
401‧‧‧溫度區
402‧‧‧溫度區
403‧‧‧溫度區
404‧‧‧溫度區
405‧‧‧溫度區
2600‧‧‧帽蓋/嵌件
2601‧‧‧加熱區/區域
2603‧‧‧雲母層
2605‧‧‧錐頭固定螺釘
2701‧‧‧NiCr絲/金屬絲
2703‧‧‧NiCr絲/金屬絲
2705‧‧‧壓合接頭
2707‧‧‧高溫金屬絲
2900‧‧‧封合棒
2901‧‧‧加熱器
2903‧‧‧鋁塊
2905‧‧‧填隙片
2907‧‧‧嵌件
2909‧‧‧釋放層
2911‧‧‧金屬絲/電阻式加熱器
2912‧‧‧薄膜/薄片
3000‧‧‧封合棒
3001‧‧‧支撐棒或加熱器
3003‧‧‧金屬絲/電阻式加熱器
3100‧‧‧封合棒
3101‧‧‧支撐棒或加熱器
3103‧‧‧金屬絲/薄膜式加熱器
3200‧‧‧封合棒
3201‧‧‧支撐棒或加熱器
3203‧‧‧薄膜式加熱器
3202‧‧‧絕緣體
3207‧‧‧金屬絲
3300‧‧‧封合器/穿孔器
3301‧‧‧NiCr絲
3303‧‧‧釋放劑
3305‧‧‧導熱層
3307‧‧‧電阻式加熱器
3309‧‧‧膠帶
3401‧‧‧密封
3403‧‧‧穿孔處
3500‧‧‧封合棒嵌件
3501‧‧‧鋁塊
3502‧‧‧加熱器匣
3503‧‧‧銷
3504‧‧‧金屬絲
3600‧‧‧封合棒
3602‧‧‧單一封合區
3603‧‧‧釋放層
3605‧‧‧釋放層
3607‧‧‧穿孔器/加熱絲
3612‧‧‧單一封合區
3613‧‧‧釋放層
3801‧‧‧帽蓋
圖1是一依據習知技藝的製袋機；圖2是一依據本發明的滾筒；圖3是一依據本發明之封合棒的端視圖；圖4是一依據本發明之封合棒的側視圖；圖5是一圖3封合棒之一區段的俯視圖；圖6是一依據本發明之嵌件/帽蓋的俯視圖；圖7是一圖6嵌件的側視圖；圖8是一依據本發明的密封和減弱區；圖9是一依據本發明之封合棒的端視圖；圖10是一依據本發明之封合棒的端視圖；圖11是一依據本發明之封合棒的端視圖；圖12是一依據本發明之封合棒的端視圖；圖13是一依據本發明之密封器/穿孔器的端視圖；圖14是一依據本發明的密封和減弱區；圖15是一依據本發明之封合棒之一區段的透視圖；圖16是一依據本發明之封合棒之一區段的透視圖；圖17是一圖16封合棒區段之一部分的俯視圖；且圖18是一可搭配圖16和圖17封合棒使用之帽蓋的端視圖。
在詳細解釋本發明之至少一實施例之前，應理解到本發明之應用並不侷限於在下文或圖式中敘述或繪出之組件之構造和配置的細節。本發明可有其他實施例或是以各種不同方式實施或實行。又，應理解到文中所用措辭和術語係為說明而用，不應將其視為限制。本說明書用相同參考數字標示相同組件。
儘管以下將參照一特定製袋機例示本發明，從一開始就應理解到本發明亦可應用在其他機器及使用其他組件。在本文中，製袋機一辭包含製造諸如有提帶的袋子、無提帶的袋子及其他袋子的機器。任何輸入段(例如退繞總成和浮動輥)及任何輸出段(例如捲繞器、折疊器)可搭配本發明使用。袋子可由傳統聚合材料或其他材料(譬如澱粉、聚乳酸(PLA)、纖維素、多羥基鏈烷酸酯類(PHA)、木質素)及/或可生物分解、可堆肥之類的材料(譬如Master-Bi®、Ecoflex®、Ecovio®、Bioplast GF106®)等材料構成。
大體而言，本發明提出一種旋轉式製袋機，其具備一輸入段、一滾筒段及一輸出段。當薄膜隨該滾筒移動時，會形成單一密封，且會在該單一密封內形成一穿孔處或減弱線。因此內有穿孔處的該單一密封會形成兩相鄰袋子的密封處。
較佳來說，該單一密封係利用單一封合區製造出。另一選擇，該單一密封可為利用兩處密封熔化形成單一密封或是利用單一封合區製造出。在任一情況中，該單一密 封係由二個平行密封子區構成，在該單一密封內有一穿孔處或減弱區。亦可採用其他密封技術。該單一密封可與其他實施例結合，譬如摺邊或提帶密封、強度變動的密封和穿孔處等。
該等密封和穿孔處之形成所用時間可少於薄膜環繞滾筒的時間。舉例來說，在一旋轉式製袋機上，薄片與滾筒接觸的時間可能是滾筒週期的一半，且穿孔處係在滾筒週期的四分之一中形成。封合棒包含一封合區且在滾筒旋轉時施予熱，從而形成該單一密封。
在本說明書中，封合棒包含一總成，譬如係在一旋轉滾筒上，其向薄片施加熱並予封合；及安裝機構、穿孔器等。在本說明書中，封合區包含封合棒製造出密封的部分。在本說明書中，在封合區內係包含一單一封合區之邊界。在本說明書中，在單一密封內係包含一單一密封之邊界。在本說明書中，單一密封係包含薄膜之一經熔化形成依橫越機器方向延伸一大段距離之一密封而無未封合部分的區域。單一密封可能在該密封中有蓄意或意外產生的間隙，且可能有一或多個子區。
封合棒可有獨立受控的橫越機器溫度區，例如用於向一側密封之一摺邊或提帶部分施加更多熱。在本說明書中，獨立受控溫度區包含沿一封合區可被控制或促成不同溫度的溫度區。
一穿孔器或弱化區被安裝在該單一封合區內，且可為一帽蓋或嵌件的局部。該弱化區在密封形成時製造出 一穿孔處或減弱區。該穿孔處可利用熱、輻射或藉由機械接觸製造出。在本說明書中，弱化區包含封合棒製造出一減弱區的部分。在本說明書中，減弱區包含薄片上一譬如因一穿孔處或薄片之一部分被熔化或燒掉而減弱的區域。
另一選擇，該帽蓋可包含一用於分開鄰接袋子的分離區，這通常需要比弱化或穿孔作業更多的熱。在本說明書中，分離區係包含封合棒分開鄰接袋子的部分。一實施例提出藉由將一帽蓋或嵌件放到既有封合棒或是藉由將封合棒換成經設計有一弱化區(譬如具備一嵌件)之封合棒的方式改造既有機器。
因此，穿孔處被一致且正確地定位在形成相鄰袋子之側邊的單一密封內。因為側密封對之間距較小，故浪費的薄膜較少。儘管習知製袋機在側密封之間有一英吋，較佳實施例製造出一約0.65英吋寬的單一密封，其為兩相鄰袋子的密封。因此，每一袋子有一約0.325英吋的側密封，在密封與袋子邊緣之間沒有空間。在本說明書中，大約係包含一足夠接近一給定值的量值，其足以大致如同該給定值般發揮作用。
有非常多種穿孔器可使用，譬如加熱絲、熱薄膜、有齒刀刃等。在本說明書中，熱薄膜係包含一用來向一指定區域施加熱的薄膜。穿孔強度可經由控制在該穿孔器施加之熱(或壓力)之量的方式調整。穿孔處可經清楚定義，一減弱線或一強度變動的減弱線。在本說明書中，強度變動的減弱線係包含沿一直線或曲線改變薄片強度，譬如一穿孔 處或一直線，在此處薄片未被移除，但在低和較高強度區域之間交替。
加熱穿孔器可包含一與薄片間歇接觸的金屬絲，用以造成穿孔圖案。在本說明書中，薄片與一封合或穿孔元件之間的間歇接觸係包含薄片與該元件在一些地方接觸且在其他地方不接觸，譬如沿一橫越機器方向線接觸與不接觸交替。
在本說明書中，加熱穿孔器係包含一利用熱能經由接觸、對流、傳導或輻射熱進行穿孔的裝置。在本說明書中，加熱絲係一用來加熱的金屬絲，譬如藉由電流通過而加熱。在本說明書中，輻射熱係包含呈電磁輻射、超音波輻射、熱輻射等形式的熱。
襯件可為諸如見於習知技藝的襯件，然較佳實施例包含一為無端皮帶的襯件，該皮帶係由雙重聚酯材料構成，具有1/32”底層聚矽氧頂覆Silam K®(硬度55度)。在各實施例中亦涵蓋其他襯件，較佳能夠應付在燒灼一穿孔處時可能達到之間歇高溫且具有良好釋放特性使薄膜不會黏附於皮帶，且可為Teflon®、矽、混合物等。另一實施例在襯件之矽表面中使用一細織物網紋。如此得到一製作於薄膜中有助於封合或穿孔並且改善釋放特性的紋路。一實施例規定該襯件有一0.03-0.012英吋厚且具備霧面效果的聚矽氧橡膠頂面，蕭氏A硬度50-90度，初始地以滑石粉乾燥。另一實施例使用細織物紋路(坑坑洞洞或紋理鮮明)襯件，譬如Habasit® WVT-136聚矽氧橡膠襯件，使得〝凸塊〞的壓力 燒穿塑膠形成減弱區。
今翻到圖2，其示出一與本發明一致的滾筒200。滾筒200包含四個封合棒229，及一固持一薄片或薄膜抵住滾筒200和封合棒229的襯件230。滾筒200之操作大致相同於習知滾筒，但封合棒229包含一穿孔器。
滾筒200較佳係與CMD 1270GDS Global Drawtape System®類似且在600fpm有大約0.5秒的封合停頓時間，且有一可調直徑以易於改變產品重複長度。其有四個封合棒圍繞周長等距間隔且跨越一50”薄片寬度。此滾筒舉例來說可用於製造垃圾桶內襯或垃圾袋。其他滾筒可有更多或較少封合棒、較大或較小直徑、或較窄或較寬薄片寬度。
今參照圖3，其示出一依據較佳實施例之封合棒300的端視圖。封合棒300包含一帽蓋301及部分303和305。一加熱器匣307較佳置於分隔棒部分303和305中，藉以允許加熱器匣307方便替換。
帽蓋301較佳是0.65英吋寬以形成此寬度之單一密封。兩片聚醯亞胺(kapton)帶310和311(各0.003英吋厚)貼於帽蓋301，在機器方向對正中心。一穿孔金屬絲312安裝在帽蓋301上(在較佳實施例中係縫入帽蓋301內)之帶310和311上方。帶310和311係用來使穿孔金屬絲312處於一期望高度以獲得造成穿孔處所需(金屬絲312與襯件間之薄膜之)壓力。帶310和311為不同寬度，以便提供從帽蓋高度到金屬絲高度之較和緩過渡。這有助於由封 合棒300造成之單一密封的一致性和整體性。在較佳實施例中，帶311係0.25英吋寬且帶310係0.38英吋寬。帶310和311較佳由聚醯亞胺構成，藉以獲得一期望釋放和磨耗平衡(在薄膜之較好釋放與帶之較大磨耗之間通常要有所取捨)。
一對鐵氟龍帶314和315被提供在帽蓋301之表面上方且在帶310和311上方，藉以協助釋放薄膜並協助製造出一致單一密封。帶314和315較佳為0.002英吋厚。
封合棒300較佳於橫越一薄片之一給定寬度具有一致溫度範圍，在邊緣有一獨立受控溫度區，用以製作一側密封同時用棒401製作一帶密封。
金屬絲312較佳是NiCr且可連接於一DC或AC電源，且可由多條金屬絲構成，譬如用於向提帶區提供更多熱。多條金屬絲可為各自有獨立電源的獨立金屬絲、並聯金屬絲、或一金屬絲之串聯區段。送往金屬絲的電力可為永遠接通、脈衝式接通及斷開、或具有一以其他方式變動的電力位準。脈衝之適當定時允許密封處在薄片離開滾筒之前冷卻，以利薄片從封合棒分開。
NiCr絲312被縫入帽蓋301內致使金屬絲312與薄片間歇接觸(譬如薄膜經燒除者為接觸區，且薄膜未被燒除者為不接觸區，以造出穿孔耳片)。NiCr絲312較佳是在停頓時間(薄片抵住封合棒的時間)之前半被脈衝接通且在停頓時間之後半讓其冷卻，使得穿孔處在薄片從穿孔器分開時處於未熔融狀態。這允許一較強的薄片，減少薄膜黏附 於金屬絲，並消除穿孔處熔閉的機會。
在較佳實施例中，匣式加熱器307是一訂製的繞線式加熱區，譬如從Watlow®或Thermal Corp.所出品者。指定或不同溫度設定組合(特別是薄膜上的)溫度分佈可利用壓縮空氣冷卻高溫區予以控制，詳見下文。在各實施例中，氣冷亦用於隔絕彼此相鄰但被設定在極不同之溫度的不同溫度區，譬如用於側密封之300℉(棒304)與用於帶密封之450℉(棒401)。
今參照圖4，其示出封合棒300之一側視圖。在較佳實施例中，封合棒300包含一用於一提帶密封(或用於一摺邊)的第一溫度區401及一用於製作一側密封的第二溫度區402。溫度區402可包含多個溫度區403、404和405。
今翻到圖5，其示出圖3封合棒300之端蓋301的俯視圖且產生一單一密封，在該單一密封內有一穿孔處或減弱區。封合棒300可為一般已知封合棒，其改變如下。封合棒300較佳是一鋁棒且有一熱棒匣式加熱器安裝於其內，且包含一形成單一密封的封合帽蓋301。帶314和315是設置在帽蓋301頂上的釋放層，用以允許薄膜在密封形成後釋放。圖中所示帽蓋301部分在薄膜或薄片之一提帶區中形成單一密封。一類似部分在無提帶區形成密封。
形成的單一密封可具有不一致的強度，但會有作為單一密封所應有的充分強度，具備袋子之期望用途所要的充分整體性。釋放層314和315較佳是Teflon®帶，然替代方案是釋放材料為Rulon®帶、Kapton®帶、Mica®帶、 Resbond®塗料、Rescor®塗料、及/或澆注且烘烤到表面上的RP聚醯亞胺樹脂(由VA之Unitech出品)。一實施例省略釋放層。在一實施例中，釋放層314和315延伸到鄰近於封合區(且在其之外)的側邊區域上方(圖3)，在另一實施例中並非如此。在一實施例中，釋放層314和315延伸到很靠近金屬絲312(如實線314A和315A所示)，且在其他實施例中不如此延伸靠近金屬絲312。
單一封合區(帽蓋301之頂部)在釋放層314和315底下及金屬絲312底下延伸。帶310被放到帽蓋301上，且因此在帶314和315底下但靠近金屬絲312。由於帶310在圖5之俯視圖中看不到，帶/釋放層310之邊緣310A以虛線表示。帶311被放到帶310上，且在帶314和315底下但靠近金屬絲312。因此帶311可為一釋放層，特定言之靠近金屬絲312。帶/釋放層311之邊緣311A以虛線表示，因為其在圖5之俯視圖中看不到。帶310和311較佳是Kapton®帶，然亦可為Teflon®帶、Rulon®帶、Mica®帶、Resbond®塗料、Rescor®塗料、澆注且烘烤到表面上的RP聚醯亞胺樹脂(由VA之Unitech出品)、及/或其他不黏材料。在各實施例中，帶310和311可被省略，或者可使用額外的帶，這取決於預期應用之金屬絲312期望高度。在各實施例中，金屬絲312採用膠帶以外的方法放在期望高度，譬如用一圓邊或隆起帽蓋301、一薄金屬板等。
若封合棒300及/或帽蓋301是鋁製品，較佳使用一電絕緣塗層以防金屬絲312短路。若使用一嵌件(詳見 下文)且該嵌件係導電的，則絕緣塗層搭配該嵌件使用。另一選擇，嵌件可由一不導電材料製成。
較佳為NiCr的加熱絲312被放在提帶區內。加熱絲312被縫入單一封合區/帽蓋301內，且亦縫穿過帶310和311。另一選擇，金屬絲312可如以下所示被縫入一嵌件內。帽蓋301較佳是用來使更換作業較容易進行一相較於更換整個加熱器、或是重新施予釋放層並重新縫入一金屬絲，僅需將一具備釋放層和金屬絲的新帽蓋施用於加熱器。用過的帽蓋可被整理更新。在本說明書中，縫入封合區內係指金屬絲被放入其安裝所在之材料之洞內，藉此產生薄片不被熔掉的區域，譬如在一穿孔處之孔洞之間的固體部分。
穿孔器金屬絲312高度對封合區寬度(帽蓋301之寬度)的比例應經選擇以對於一給定應用同時獲得良好穿孔和良好密封，且提帶區相對於密封之剩餘部分可為不同。當製作一0.65英吋寬的單一密封時，在一些應用中，金屬絲312之高度可比帽蓋301頂部高出0.015英吋至0.025英吋。
金屬絲312終結於一銀質或塗銀的銷(較佳為0.125英吋直徑和0.75英吋長)。一來自該電源的銅線被捲繞到該銀銷，藉此使金屬絲312連接到該電源。一類似的配置被提供在無提帶區中，具備帽蓋301，帶310、311、314和315，及金屬絲312。帽蓋301可為一連續帽蓋，或者有一以上的帽蓋橫越該薄片延伸。提帶區的加熱絲312和封合區經抬高，使得額外的壓力施加於該提帶區且因此有更多熔 化作用發生在該提帶區。另一選擇，僅有穿孔區和封合區其中一者被抬高或甚至二者皆不被抬高。當一提帶區突出較靠近封合襯件時，該提帶區相對於封合區之剩餘部分被抬高，從而在該提帶區中造成較大壓力。另一選擇，一橡膠輪或輔助皮帶可壓抵於封合襯件背面以加大提帶區中之壓力。
在各實施例中，加熱絲312較佳是80%鎳與約20%鉻，及/或一薄膜加熱器，及/或一電阻式加熱器，及/或經配置與該薄片間歇接觸，及/或有一約4歐姆/英尺的電阻，及/或設置在該封合棒上一嵌件及/或匣盒內。縫入方式可在下文參照其他實施例說明。
帽蓋301之表面可經拱形造型以協助在整個提帶封合區中造成較大壓力，且因此穿過提帶摺邊中存在之額外薄膜層傳遞更多熱並製造出一令人滿意的密封。在本說明書中，拱形形狀包含一彎曲成一非平直表面的表面，且因此一拱形封合表面具有異於一平直封合表面的壓力分佈。替代方案為在整個封合區中提供一拱形形狀或其他外型，包含扁平樣式。
一替代實施例提供僅形成側密封、沒有提帶封合區的封合棒。在另一實施例中，匣式加熱器307被換成一可撓聚矽氧橡膠加熱器。此等加熱器可利用感壓黏著劑(由Watlow®出品)固持在一鋁棒的側面。
本發明之另一實施例包含一嵌件2600、或在其他實施例中為一帽蓋2600，如圖5所示，且包含一獨立加熱區2601，譬如用於加熱一摺邊或提帶區。帽蓋/嵌件2600安 裝於一封合棒上。嵌件(如本文參照封合棒所述)包含一安裝在封合棒上或隨封合棒安裝、產生密封之封合區以外的總成。帽蓋(如本文參照封合棒所述)包含一形成封合棒之上部部分的總成，其被加熱以形成密封。
各實施例提供區域2601搭配有或沒有一橫越薄膜延伸之穿孔處(舉例來說，穿孔處可為橫越一提帶，且封合處可延長薄膜之寬度)使用。在區域2601內，有一0.020英吋的雲母層(或一Glastherm HT®層)2603。一NiCr絲設置在一系列空腔或孔洞內(如圖16所示)。這些孔洞係每0.312英吋定位一個，且在區域2601中具有0.030英吋的直徑。嵌件是0.25英吋寬，且密封處(穿孔處係形成於其間)相隔0.25英吋。
如圖7所示，嵌件2600的側視圖顯示一設置在區域2601中之孔洞內的NiCr絲2701。該金屬絲較佳在區域2601中具有0.0089英吋的直徑。金屬絲2701(利用一壓合接頭2705)串聯地連接於一0.0126 NiCr絲2703。較大金屬絲需要較大孔洞(在較佳實施例中為0.062英吋)。金屬絲大小可經挑選以選擇金屬絲電阻且因此選擇提供的熱。金屬絲2703被焊接及/或纏繞於一欲利用一壓合接頭連接於一高溫金屬絲2707的較佳銀質銷。一釋放層可被放在該金屬絲上或位於金屬絲與嵌件底座之間。釋放材料可包含：Teflon®帶，Rulon®帶，Kapton®帶，Mica®帶，Resbond®塗料，及Rescor®塗料。在本說明書中，釋放層包含一封合棒或穿孔器之表面，其有一具備有助於防止熔融薄膜黏附於該表面之 特質的塗層或材料層，且位於在產生密封或穿孔處之時與薄膜接觸的表面上或附近。
該NiCr絲可被接通和斷開(電流)以控制金屬絲/封合之溫度。舉例來說，該金屬絲可在與薄膜(或襯件)接觸後立即接通，且在與薄膜(或襯件)結束接觸後立即斷開。替代選擇包含金屬絲2701和2703之間非串聯的連接、更多熱區(及金屬絲連接/類型)、用外接電阻器/電位計或電流強度(譬如利用PWM)控制熱。倘若使用一電位計(pot)，則使用者可藉由調整該電位計來調整相對溫度。其他實施例包含結合這些特徵，及/或其他接通/斷開方案。本實施例和其他實施例可用在必須將一穿孔處定位在一密封處旁的任何其他袋子，譬如背心袋，包含強化背心袋、有提帶的袋子、側密封袋等。金屬絲可在產生密封期間一些時間斷開，且在第一密封正在形成期間的至少一部份時間中接通。一實施例要求在金屬絲不與薄膜接觸時預加熱該金屬絲，使其在與薄膜接觸時斷開，依靠金屬絲殘熱燒出穿孔處。
金屬絲可用一Resbond®高溫黏著劑固定在孔洞內，該黏著劑係利用一注射器注入孔洞內。舉例來說可使用硬質或可撓黏著劑或二者或交替使用。可撓黏著劑允許金屬絲撓曲，這在其被加熱和冷卻時可能發生。嵌件可用五個錐頭固定螺釘2605或用平頭固定螺釘固定在定位。
其他替代方案提供金屬絲是圓形、矩形帶狀物、平直或是以一致或變動節距織造，沿其長度有一致厚度或不一致厚度(藉以產生熱/冷點)，Toss®絲、推拔狀、或經造 型以在一燒灼切割處之間製造出二個側密封。造型金屬絲可具有間歇鍍銅處以進行穿孔而非乾淨俐落的切割。一織造金屬絲之變動節距或不同孔洞間距會產生一變動減弱程度的減弱區域，其允許使用者用手比較容易從邊緣撕開而較不容易從薄片中間撕開。涵蓋的其他設計包含可撓聚矽氧橡膠加熱器、厚膜加熱技術、燒結陶瓷、或由Watlow Electric Manufacturing Co.提供的類似者。更其他的替代方案包含使用安裝在一PNEUSEALTM橡膠膨脹隔膜上的薄膜加熱技術，其可在任何時間保持處於高溫，但藉由使該隔膜充氣和洩氣而完全地移入和移離其與薄膜之接觸。
較佳實施例藉由控制一AC電壓來控制一燒孔金屬絲的熱。AC因成本因素而為較佳，但DC電壓控制可提供較好的控制。較佳來說係提供一可接受穿孔處的最低電壓。舉例來說，一與薄片接觸且在雲母下方0.12英吋之0.25英吋間隔交織0.013”直徑80/20 Ni-Cr絲需要每英吋薄片寬度大約20瓦在0.75密爾(mil)LLDPE薄膜雙層厚度以每分鐘600英尺燒出穿孔處。因此，一2英吋長的穿孔器會在薄膜一旦被夾在穿孔器與封合襯件之間時使用10伏特脈衝式接通大約0.25秒。以一0.5秒停頓時間來說，穿孔處有約0.25秒冷卻。因此較佳實施例允許穿孔處被快速地加熱及冷卻。在一實施例中，可調電壓係由一DC馬達控制器供應。其他實施例包含一機械式變阻器、電位計、或可調電阻器。較佳使用一可調AC電壓。
可利用一控制器補償金屬絲壽命當中的電阻變 化。舉例來說，Toss®控制器具有電流感測回授且據此調整電壓以維持一更一致的溫度。如同業界所熟知，匣式加熱器可利用PID溫度控制由熱電偶回授控制。
其他實施例提供製造一通風袋，譬如葉形袋(leaf bag)。通風葉形袋可能僅要求圍繞每一穿孔處3403的密封3401，不需要一連續密封，如圖14所示。可利用一造型封合棒及/或溫度經控制以在定位燒穿的先前實施例產生單一密封/穿孔處。
單一密封亦可為利用一個封合棒產生，或是利用二個經設置使二個密封混在一起形成由兩處次級密封組成之單一密封(亦即在其間沒有未封合薄片)的封合棒產生。該等次級密封係大致平行且依橫越機器方向橫越薄片或薄膜延伸，且一減弱區形成在此等大致平行次級密封之間。穿孔處可為利用前述替代方案任一者造成。另一實施例提出採用前述實施例之一者，但係以將側密封溫度調成非常低使得不形成密封的方式運用。然後由穿孔器形成穿孔處且密封處係來自穿孔作用的輔助密封。
參照圖9，其示出一包含單一封合區及一設置在該單一封合區內之弱化區的封合棒2900實施例。在密封和穿孔處已形成後，單一密封連同其內形成的穿孔處較佳在薄膜2912上依機器方向延伸至多0.25英吋，更佳係依機器方向延伸至多0.125英吋。在本說明書中，依機器方向延伸係包含沿著平行於薄膜邊緣延伸之直線在一密封之一部分當中的平均距離。
封合棒2900在一薄片或薄膜2912上形成單一密封。一設置在鋁塊2903內的匣式加熱器2901提供穩定熱量給封合棒2900。金屬絲或電阻式加熱器2911提供產生密封及減弱區的額外熱。金屬絲2911較佳是一0.009-0.013英吋直徑的NiCr絲。不同的熱源結合使得二者增添熱量給封合區和弱化區，但在此實施例中金屬絲2911主要是為弱化區提供熱，且加熱器2901主要可被視為使總成預熱。
替代方案提出一扁平或其他形狀的電阻絲。扁平金屬絲可有一隆脊或經彎曲以形成弱化區，其在穿孔處孔洞間之實心部分所在處具備缺口。彎曲處底下的空氣可當作一絕緣體以影響帶狀物之熱分佈。
可使用一填隙片2905(特定言之用於改裝)以迫使金屬絲2911與薄片2912更緊密接觸。其他實施例需要在摺邊或提帶區進行較大規模填隙(在一實施例中約0.020英吋)，使得此區域中的薄片比起薄膜其他部分遭受更大壓力，從而為此區域提供更大熱轉移量，或者完全不填隙。另一實施例在一摺邊或提帶區中於襯件背後提供一背輪，迫使襯件抵住薄片且在此區中提供更大壓力。
嵌件2907較佳由一電或熱絕緣材料組成或經此材料塗布以使金屬絲2911絕緣。在各實施例中，嵌件2907(或該電絕緣材料)係由雲母、glastherm、玻璃纖維合成樹脂類、塑膠類、聚合物類、鋁(有一電絕緣塗層)或其他材料組成。在本說明書中，GlasthermTM包含一種玻璃纖維與耐熱熱固性樹脂的複合材料。
一釋放層2909設置在嵌件2907上，且較佳由teflon®、rulon®或kapton®帶構成。該釋放層或釋放劑經選擇為一會釋放熔融薄膜但能夠承受使薄膜封合及穿孔所需之溫度的材料。在本說明書中，封合棒或嵌件上的釋放層包含一層，此層相較於封合棒或嵌件之其他材料減少熔融薄膜在封合棒或嵌件上的累積。此實施例的前提是薄膜僅碰觸金屬絲和(嵌件上的)帶，然其他實施例的前提是薄膜直接碰觸嵌件，及/或碰觸鋁塊加熱器。替代方案提出用一釋放劑塗布於金屬絲來取代釋放層或與釋放層搭配使用。釋放作用可為來自一稍後乾掉之液體層的塗布，譬如Resbond®、Rescor®、Teflon®塗料、聚矽氧塗料、或類似物。
單一密封可橫越整個薄膜寬度延伸，或者在一區域(譬如一摺邊或提帶區域)中使用二個密封橫越薄膜之局部。所述二個密封可用以上所述之方式形成。另一實施例提出僅在提帶區中使用二個次級密封且在他處係形成單一密封而無次級密封，反之亦然。
譬如釋放劑、絕緣體、加熱器、金屬絲等各種材料的選擇應當考量薄膜厚度、使薄膜之主要部分及任何摺邊或提帶區進行穿孔(在一實施例中高達600℉或更高)和封合所需的溫度、及封合表面釋放熔融薄膜的能力。不當的選擇可能導致材料過早磨損，或是熔融薄膜過早累積在封合表面上。替代方案提出較早接通金屬絲以予預熱，使得其可較早被斷開，在薄膜尚未與封合棒接觸時，藉由例如機械作用、加熱作用、刷子、或噴氣等方式移除積累的薄膜。
其他設計考量點包含將要搭配機器使用之薄膜之種類和厚度的範圍、在摺邊與其他區域之間遷移的熱量、穿孔處和密封處、襯件材料、停頓時間、去除或解決薄膜中的皺紋、來自薄片累積在封合表面上的油墨、及提供不同壓力區。
參照圖11，其示出另一實施例的封合棒3000，該封合棒包含單一封合區及一設置在該單一封合區內的弱化區。前文提及有關所形成密封的總體描述及設計考量適用於此實施例及其他實施例。一安裝在一鋁加熱器3001上的金屬絲或電阻式加熱器3003造成密封和減弱區。在本說明書中，安裝在某物上係包含直接接觸或者其間有其他層或物體。加熱器3001可為一支撐棒而非加熱器。金屬絲3003可如前所述，且若有需要可在金屬絲3003底下、金屬絲3003上提供一釋放劑，或者金屬絲3003可經釋放劑塗布。金屬絲3003較佳是一縫入一有一電絕緣塗層之鋁棒內的NiCr絲，及/或該金屬絲經一電絕緣物塗布。較佳來說該金屬絲經一釋放劑(其可亦為絕緣體)塗布。
參照圖11，另一實施例的封合棒3100與封合棒3000相似，但除了由一金屬絲3103和一支撐棒或加熱器3101提供熱之外還有一薄膜式加熱器3103提供熱，藉此在一薄片2912上產生密封和減弱區。
參照圖12，另一實施例的封合棒3200與封合棒3100相似，但在薄膜式加熱器3203之間除了提供一金屬絲3207和一支撐棒或加熱器3201之外更提供一絕緣體3202， 藉此在薄片2912上產生密封和減弱區。
參照圖13，一種單一封合器/穿孔器3300架構包括一可加諸於一封合棒或一封合棒嵌件的條帶。封合器3300易於更換，因此適用於薄膜會積累在封合器上的應用。封合器3300包含一NiCr絲3301(其可與前述金屬絲相似)；一釋放劑3303，其較佳亦為一電絕緣體且可與前述釋放劑相似；一導熱層3305，其較佳由鋁組成以散佈由一電阻式加熱器3307產生的熱，上述各者均安裝於雙面膠帶3309。因此，膠帶3309可固定於一欲用在支撐棒或封合棒上之嵌件的頂上，或者直接貼到封合棒上。
此實施例之一修改型提出該釋放劑係一放在金屬絲上的帶子，且在釋放劑上可有或沒有與欲形成穿孔處孔洞之位置對準的孔洞或狹縫，使得金屬絲在這些位置與薄膜接觸。
參照圖15，其示出一封合棒嵌件3500的透視圖，且包含受熱鋁塊3501連同一加熱器匣3502。複數個銷3503穿過封合棒並產生一微穿孔處。銷3503設置在鋁塊3501之孔洞中，這些孔洞係以一角度設置以避開加熱器匣3502。銷3503可為傳導性的且連接至一金屬絲3504以加熱銷3503協助穿孔及/或封合作用。此實施例及其他替代實施例可視需要合併。舉例來說，銷3503可搭配一通過該等孔洞固持銷3503的真空使用，及/或其可與前述產生密封和穿孔處之多種方式中之一者合併於單一封合棒上，其中微穿孔處協助形成減弱區，或者銷3503可為形成穿孔處的唯一方 式。
在另一替代方案中，銷或針列係在一未受熱或受熱封合棒中且壓抵於一Kevlar®封合襯件材料，這會比較不容易傷到刺入的尖銳銷。銷或針列可為放在襯件內，且被固持為與滾筒上之封合棒同相位，藉以產生穿孔處。相似地，一皮帶或襯件上的薄膜式加熱器及/或銷可壓抵於一單純滾筒面。如果壓力係由互抵的皮帶施加，譬如兩皮帶採用一橢圓形皮帶路徑，則不需要滾筒。
另一實施例提出利用磁場或感應熱形成密封和穿孔處。封合棒上之磁鐵(永久磁鐵或電磁鐵)連同背襯件的金屬在穿孔區中造成額外壓力，以在期望處熔出孔洞且在封合區壓力較小。磁場可被形成為依一橫越薄膜的直線設置。
另一實施例提出密封和穿孔處係在一非圓形(譬如卵形或長圓形)迴圈上或是在一梭動機上形成。整體而言，本發明這些實施例要求在一穿孔處產生之時及之處產生密封。
本發明當中包含同時在滾筒中穿孔及封合藉以較佳在一窄密封之中間下方產生一穿孔處的其他方法。舉例來說，可採用三列交錯縫入的NiCr金屬絲，其中外側兩列產生密封且內側列產生穿孔處。內側係指機器方向中之內側。
當薄膜係處於拉張狀態，一個密封處可用一個圓形封合頭造成，使得密封處的中央會在封合過程中變薄/ 弱化/穿孔。封合棒可在峰頂有一崎嶇表面藉以產生穿孔處。
封合棒可包括一放在一成型不導電材料上的電阻塗層，使得熱係在封合表面上確實需要熱的地方產生，且可實現一具備多種不同封合高度的複雜形狀。這可藉由採用薄膜式加熱器技術達成。
另一實施例要求加大封合襯件壓力，譬如乘以5、10或20，較佳為10倍，使得燒孔溫度可從550-600℉降到一讓更多樣塗層和材料可用的較低溫度(許多材料具有500℉的最高作業溫度)。
更另一實施例提出一種封合棒，其包括間隔0.03”至0.06”的二個平行受熱條帶，其在封合過程中將薄膜拉伸成此二條帶間之一減弱或穿孔線。
薄膜可被塞入滾筒封合棒中之一1/8”深凹穴內，使得穿孔處可為在滾筒表面底下切出或燒出而不傷到封合襯件。此塞入作用可經機械或真空助力。
亦可採用其他方法產生密封和穿孔處，譬如利用輻射熱、微波、或經調諧以特地加熱並使薄片穿孔的光波。可施用熱黏膠或是一來自滾筒內側的液體，使得其將二個聚合薄片熱封合在一起。如果高溫液體在同時燒出孔洞，則可同時完成穿孔作業。一高溫固體(譬如沙子或聚合粒料)或是一高溫液體(譬如油)可被迫通過薄片使得其在薄片打洞同時形成密封。或者薄片可經化學處理以與一添加物反應，使得薄膜一起熔化且在經施加多餘化學物之處熔出穿孔孔洞。另 一替代方案包含在滾筒中施用一定時激活的酸，該滾筒允許薄片(未封合且未穿孔)捲繞並放入一紙箱內，然後該定時激活的酸產生一燒除密封，使該薄片稍後變成多個經封合/分離的袋子。
薄片可由熱傳導封合作用封合，且在停頓時間過完之前，該薄片可被依一穿孔圖案低溫冷凍，致使當薄膜在下游被撓曲時在每一穿孔點破裂。
今翻到圖16(一封合棒之透視圖)、17(俯視圖)和18(一帽蓋之端視圖)，其示出產生單一密封的本發明一實施例，且在該單一密封內會有一穿孔或減弱區。封合棒3600可為一般習知封合棒，但具備本說明書所述改變。封合棒3600較佳是一內有一火棍匣式加熱器的鋁棒，且包含一在一釋放層3603底下的單一封合區3602，其在一薄片之一提帶區中形成單一密封。
另一個在一釋放層3613底下的單一封合區3612橫越薄片其他部分(無提帶區)形成單一密封。產生的單一密封可能具有不一致強度，但會有成為具備充分整體性之單一密封的充分強度。釋放層3603和3613較佳是Teflon®帶。單一封合區3602在釋放層3603底下且在一釋放層3605底下延伸。具備一穿孔器/加熱絲3607的釋放層3605在薄片的提帶區中產生一穿孔或減弱區。釋放層3605較佳是Kapton®帶。前文所述替代方案可搭配此實施例使用。
一較佳為NiCr的加熱絲3607設置在提帶區內。加熱絲3607被縫入單一封合區3602內，且亦刺穿釋放層 3605。另一選擇，加熱絲3607可被縫入一由鋁或另一種材料製成的帽蓋3801(圖18)內。
圖18示出帽蓋3801的端視圖，其上有釋放層3603和3605，且加熱絲3607被示為刺入帽蓋3801和釋放層3605內。帽蓋3801在另一實施例中橫越不足整個封合區3603。加熱絲3607安裝在帽蓋3801頂上。
各種替代方案可視需要合併，藉以設計出一適合一特殊需求的製袋機。
本發明可製作出許多仍在本發明之範圍以內的修改。因此，明顯可知以上已依據本發明提出一種製袋方法和設備，其完全滿足前文提及之目標和優點。儘管已搭配特定實施例說明本發明，熟習此技藝者明顯可知有許多替代方案、修改及變異型。因此，希望涵蓋落入隨附申請專利範圍項之精神和廣義範圍內的所有此等替代方案、修改及變異型。
200‧‧‧滾筒
229‧‧‧封合棒
230‧‧‧襯件

Claims (8)

  1. 一種用於一旋轉式製袋機之封合器的帽蓋，包括一用於安裝在該帽蓋上的釋放層，及一縫入該釋放層內且縫入該帽蓋內的加熱絲，其中該帽蓋包含一封合區和一穿孔區，其中在該帽蓋中有複數個孔，且該加熱絲係安裝在該複數個孔中及其間。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之帽蓋，其中該釋放層係由一鄰近該加熱絲的第一材料及一在該帽蓋之表面其他部分上的第二材料構成。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之帽蓋，其中該加熱絲是一NiCr絲。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第3項之帽蓋，其中該加熱絲在一提帶區中相對於該封合區其他部分經抬高。
  5. 一種用於一旋轉式製袋機的穿孔器，包括一用於安裝在一加熱器上的釋放層，及一縫入該釋放層及該加熱器內的加熱絲，其中在該加熱器中有複數個孔，且該加熱絲係安裝在該複數個孔中及其間。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第5項之穿孔器，其中該釋放層係由一鄰近該加熱絲的第一材料及一在該加熱器之表面其 他部分上的第二材料構成。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項之穿孔器，其中該加熱絲是一NiCr絲。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第7項之穿孔器，其中該加熱絲設於一封合區，且該封合區包含一提帶區(drawtape area)及該封合區的一其他部分(remainder)，且其中該加熱絲在該提帶區中相對於該封合區其他部分經抬高。
TW103101716A 2007-11-09 2008-11-07 用於旋轉式製袋機之封合器的帽蓋及穿孔器 TWI545006B (zh)

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CA2702323A1 (en) 2009-05-14
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US8029428B2 (en) 2011-10-04
DK2205492T3 (en) 2017-02-06
MX2010005172A (es) 2010-08-04
RU2516479C2 (ru) 2014-05-20
EP2205492A4 (en) 2011-12-28
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TW200938368A (en) 2009-09-16
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EP2205492A1 (en) 2010-07-14
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US9434106B2 (en) 2016-09-06
AU2008325165A1 (en) 2009-05-14
US20090098992A1 (en) 2009-04-16
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CN103753855B (zh) 2017-10-13

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