TWI538929B - 含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂 - Google Patents
含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI538929B TWI538929B TW101139197A TW101139197A TWI538929B TW I538929 B TWI538929 B TW I538929B TW 101139197 A TW101139197 A TW 101139197A TW 101139197 A TW101139197 A TW 101139197A TW I538929 B TWI538929 B TW I538929B
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- epoxy resin
- phosphorus
- nitrogen
- molecular weight
- phenol
- Prior art date
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- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 167
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 title claims description 167
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 46
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 22
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 32
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 31
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 25
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- FVCSARBUZVPSQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(2,4-dioxooxolan-3-yl)-7-methyl-3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C(C(OC2=O)=O)C2C(C)=CC1C1C(=O)COC1=O FVCSARBUZVPSQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 6
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-hydroxynaphthyl Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 4
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000004780 naphthols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- SMQUZDBALVYZAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=O SMQUZDBALVYZAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CNHDIAIOKMXOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluquinol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1O CNHDIAIOKMXOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RGHHSNMVTDWUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 RGHHSNMVTDWUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5K8XI641G3 Chemical compound CCC1=NC=C(C)N1 ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ketodiacetal Natural products O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229950011260 betanaphthol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric aldehyde Natural products CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- NXPPAOGUKPJVDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-diol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(O)C(O)=CC=C21 NXPPAOGUKPJVDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960001755 resorcinol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- OHBQPCCCRFSCAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 OHBQPCCCRFSCAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylfuran Chemical compound CC1=CC=CO1 VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTMADXFOCUXMJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C=CC=C1O ZTMADXFOCUXMJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonaldehyde Chemical compound C\C=C\C=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N crotonaldehyde Natural products CC=CC=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000978 cyproterone acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BXJGUBZTZWCMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylhydroquinone Natural products CC1=C(C)C(O)=CC=C1O BXJGUBZTZWCMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethanediamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YVWGMAFXEJHFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N halopropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)CBr YVWGMAFXEJHFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229950000188 halopropane Drugs 0.000 description 2
- JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanal Chemical compound CCCCCC=O JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ASHGTJPOSUFTGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl resorcinol Natural products COC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 ASHGTJPOSUFTGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- AHNZVFVNAQKFBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-amino-n-(n-aminoanilino)aniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(N)N(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 AHNZVFVNAQKFBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OVAZZMXASSWARN-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalen-1-ylmethanediol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 OVAZZMXASSWARN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004843 novolac epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- IXQGCWUGDFDQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-Hydroxyethylbenzene Natural products CCC1=CC=CC=C1O IXQGCWUGDFDQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- LTVUCOSIZFEASK-MPXCPUAZSA-N (3ar,4s,7r,7as)-3a-methyl-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methano-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C([C@H]1C=C2)[C@H]2[C@H]2[C@]1(C)C(=O)OC2=O LTVUCOSIZFEASK-MPXCPUAZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1CCC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWEYKIWAZBBXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylene Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=C(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OWEYKIWAZBBXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOJZPUPAXYETRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diphenylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)(CN)C1=CC=CC=C1 BOJZPUPAXYETRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNNC DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical group C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
- C08G59/30—Di-epoxy compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
- C08G59/304—Di-epoxy compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen containing phosphorus
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- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
- C08G59/28—Di-epoxy compounds containing acyclic nitrogen atoms
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- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
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- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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Description
本發明係關於在分子骨架含有磷原子與氮原子之無鹵阻燃性環氧樹脂、以及以該環氧樹脂為必要成分之環氧樹脂組成物,尤其是使該環氧樹脂組成物硬化而成的環氧樹脂硬化物。
以往,以四溴雙酚A作為原料之溴化環氧樹脂為代表般,係藉由鹵化而進行環氧樹脂之阻燃化。但是,使用鹵化環氧樹脂時,會有硬化物在燃燒時因熱分解反應而生成毒性強之鹵化物的問題。對此,近年來係檢討利用磷化合物之無鹵阻燃技術,而有專利文獻1至專利文獻4揭示應用磷化合物之提案。但是,該等磷化合物對環氧樹脂或溶劑之溶解性低,難以使用在摻配於環氧樹脂、或難以溶解於溶劑,故如專利文獻5至專利文獻10所揭示般,藉由預先與環氧樹脂類反應,賦予含磷之環氧樹脂、含磷之酚樹脂的溶劑溶解性並使用。
專利文獻1:日本特開昭47-016436號公報
專利文獻2:日本特開昭60-126293號公報
專利文獻3:日本特開昭61-236787號公報
專利文獻4:日本特開平05-331179號公報
專利文獻5:日本特開平04-11662號公報
專利文獻6:日本特開2000-309623號公報
專利文獻7:日本特開平11-166035號公報
專利文獻8:日本特開平11-279258號公報
專利文獻9:日本特開2001-123049號公報
專利文獻10:日本特開2003-040969號公報
專利文獻11:日本特開2002-194041號公報
專利文獻12:日本特開2007-126683號公報
非專利文獻1:西澤仁著「聚合物之阻燃化」P60,P166 1992年大成社
藉由磷化合物之阻燃化,若要更提升阻燃性則只能提高含磷率,則因分子量變大而使交聯密度降低,或是必須使用高價之含磷化合物。對此,本發明者們注目於非專利文獻1所述之磷與氮對於阻燃性之相乘效果,並以國際公開第2008/143309號提出申請。使用以胺化合物作為氮化合物者並藉由導入氮而可提升阻燃性。但是,若為了使環氧樹脂與胺化合物進行反應而提高氮的導入量,則與提高含磷率時同樣地也會使分子量變大,因樹脂黏度變高故復求提升含浸性等。
為了解決上述課題,本發明者發現,即使在環氧樹脂中,藉由使用具有特定分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂與三聚氰酸而合成含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂,即可顯著降低含磷率也可得阻燃性,且含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂之硬化物的物性良好,從而完成本發明。
亦即,本發明係關於:
(1)一種分子內含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂(A),係通式(1)所示之磷化合物與三聚氰酸與環氧樹脂(a)反應所得之分子內含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂(A),其中,環氧樹脂(a)必須使用膠體滲透層析儀之測定中之雙核體(dikaryon)含有率為15面積%以下、三核體(trikaryon)含有率為15面積%至60面積%、且具有數量平均分子量為350至700之分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂(b),(膠體滲透層析儀之測定條件)
使用串聯TOSOH股份有限公司製TSKgelG4000HXL、TSKgelG3000HXL、TSKgelG2000HXL者,管柱溫度為40℃。此外,溶析液(elute)係使用四氫呋喃,流速為1ml/min,檢測器為RI(差示折射率計)檢測器。將樣品0.1g溶解於10 ml之THF。以標準聚苯乙烯之檢量曲線(calibration curve)測定數量平均分子量。
(式中R1及R2表示烴基,彼此可相同或相異,且R1及R2可與磷原子一同成為環狀構造。式中X表示氫原子或通式(2),n表示0或1。)
(式中A表示碳數6至20之伸芳基及/或三基(triyl)。)
(2)一種環氧樹脂組成物,係將上述(1)所述之分子內含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂(A)與硬化劑作為必要成分,相對於環氧樹脂(A)之環氧基1當量而摻配硬化劑之官能活性基0.4當量至2.0當量而得;
(3)一種預浸體,係使上述(2)所述之環氧樹脂組成物含浸基材而得;
(4)一種環氧樹脂硬化物,係使上述(2)所述之環氧樹脂組成物硬化而得;(5)一種積層板,係使上述(2)所述之環氧樹脂組成物硬化而得。
本發明係藉由將特定之含氮化合物與特定之磷化合物與具有特定分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂反應而得之含有磷與氮的環氧樹脂,藉由使用特定之氮化合物與具有特定的分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂,而可降低高價之磷化合物的量,在不損及含浸性等之作業性下而提升硬化物的物性。
第1圖係表示具有汎用型分子量分佈之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂YDPN-638的GPC圖表。横軸表示溶解時間,左縱軸表示檢測強度。右縱軸係以log(常用對數)表示數量平均分子量M。以黑點標示所使用標準物質之數量平均分子量之測定值,並作為檢量曲
線。A所示之波峰為雙核體,B所示之波峰為三核體。
第2圖表示合成例2所得之酚醛型環氧樹脂(b)之GPC圖表,A所示之波峰為雙核體,B所示之波峰為三核體。
以下詳細說明本發明之實施形態。本發明之通式(1)所示之磷化合物具體來說可列舉:二甲基膦、二乙基膦、二苯基膦、9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-膦菲-10-氧化物(HCA三光股份有限公司製)、二甲基膦氧化物、二乙基膦氧化物、二丁基膦氧化物、二苯基膦氧化物、1,4-伸環辛基膦氧化物、1,5-伸環辛基膦氧化物(CPHO日本化學工業股份有限公司製)、10-(2,5-二羥基苯基)-10H-9-氧雜-10-膦菲-10-氧化物(三光股份有限公司製 商品名HCA-HQ)、10-(1,4-二氧萘)-10H-9-氧雜-10-膦菲-10-氧化物(以下記為HCA-NQ)、二苯基膦基氫醌(北興化學工業股份有限公司製 商品名PPQ)、二苯基膦基-1,4-二氧萘、1,4-伸環辛基膦基-1,4-苯基二醇(日本化學工業股份有限公司製 商品名CPHO-HQ)、1,5-伸環辛基膦基-1,4-苯基二醇(日本化學工業股份有限公司製 商品名CPHO-HQ)等。該等磷化合物可單獨使用或混合2種類以上使用,惟並不限定於該等。
本發明中,三聚氰酸只要是呈示互變異構性(tautomerism)之s-三-2,4,6-三醇及s-三-2,4,6-三酮者,則比例並無特別規定。
雖揭示添加三聚氰酸作為氮系阻燃劑之技術,但無溶劑溶解性、且在熔點330℃以上會分解,因此作為添加劑之使用受到限制。藉由與環氧樹脂反應而可均勻地在環氧樹脂組成物中,因此可得安定之阻燃性。
一般而言,酚醛型環氧樹脂係酚類與醛類之反應生成物之酚
醛樹脂、與環氧鹵丙烷反應所得之多官能酚醛型環氧樹脂。所使用之酚類可舉出:酚、甲基酚、乙基酚、丁基酚、苯乙烯化酚、異丙苯基酚、萘酚、鄰苯二酚、間苯二酚、萘二醇、雙酚A等;醛類可舉出:福馬林、甲醛、羥基苯甲醛、柳醛等。此外,使用二甲苯二甲醇、二甲苯二氯化物、雙氯甲基萘、雙氯甲基聯苯等取代醛類之芳烷基酚樹脂,在本發明中亦包括於酚醛型酚樹脂。在前述酚醛型酚樹脂使用環氧鹵丙烷而環氧化,藉此而得酚醛型環氧樹脂。
酚醛型環氧樹脂之具體例可列舉:EPOTOHTO YDPN-638(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 酚酚醛型環氧樹脂)、EPIKOTE 152、EPIKOTE 154(三菱化學股份有限公司製 酚酚醛型環氧樹脂),EPICLON N-740、EPICLON N-770、EPICLON N-775(DIC股份有限公司製 酚酚醛型環氧樹脂)、EPOTOHTO YDCN-700系列(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 甲基酚酚醛型環氧樹脂)、EPICLON N-660、EPICLON N-665、EPICLON N-670、EPICLON N-673、EPICLON N-695(DIC股份有限公司製 甲基酚酚醛型環氧樹脂)、EOCN-1020、EOCN-102S、EOCN-104S(日本化藥股份有限公司製 甲基酚酚醛型環氧樹脂)、EPOTOHTO ZX-1071T、ZX-1270、ZX-1342(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 烷基酚醛型環氧樹脂)、EPOTOHTO ZX-1247、GK-5855(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 苯乙烯化酚酚醛型環氧樹脂)、EPOTOHTO ZX-1142L(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 萘酚酚醛型環氧樹脂)、ESN-155、ESN-185V、ESN-175(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 β萘酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂)、ESN-300系列之ESN-355、ESN-375(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 二萘酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂)、ESN-400系列之
ESN-475V、ESN-485(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 α萘酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂)雙酚酚醛型環氧樹脂等。但該等環氧樹脂並不具有本發明所使用酚醛型環氧樹脂(b)之特徵之特定分子量分佈。
為了得到本發明所使用之具有特定分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂(b),可藉由調整酚類與醛類之莫耳比與由所得酚酚醛樹脂去除低分子量成分之方法而獲得。此外,也可將藉由如專利文獻11、專利文獻12所示製造方法而製造之酚酚醛樹脂者進行環氧化。
酚類與醛類之莫耳比係以相對於醛類1莫耳之酚類的莫耳比顯示1以上之比例而製造,但莫耳比大時會生成較多雙核體、三核體,莫耳比小時會生成較多高分子量體並使雙核體、三核體變少。
為了得到本發明所使用之具有分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂(b),可藉由利用各種溶媒之溶解性差而由所得之酚醛樹脂類去除雙核體的方法、將雙核體溶解於鹼水溶液而去除的方法等而得,也可藉由其他公知之分離方法。
於控制分子量之酚醛樹脂中使用公知之環氧化手法而可得具有特定分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂(b)。或者以各種手法由市售酚醛型環氧樹脂去除雙核體環氧樹脂成分,藉此也可獲得具有特定分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂(b)。也可藉由其他公知之分離方法。
本發明所使用之具有特定分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂(b),其雙核體含有率為15面積%以下,較佳為5面積%至12面積%。藉由含有少量雙核體而可提升接著力等之物性。三核體含有率為15面積%至60面積%,較佳為20面積%至50面積%。
數量平均分子量為350至700,較佳為380至600。可使用分子量分散度(重量平均分子量/數量平均分子量)為1.1至2.8者,較佳之範圍為1.2至2.5,更佳為1.2至2.3,未達1.1則耐熱性等物性劣化,超過2.8時有阻燃性或接著性等降低之虞。
通式(1)所示之磷化合物與三聚氰酸與具有特定分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂的反應係以公知方法進行。合成順序可為在將環氧樹脂與三聚氰酸反應後再與磷化合物反應,也可為在環氧樹脂與磷化合物反應後再與三聚氰酸反應,復可將環氧樹脂與磷化合物與三聚氰酸同時反應。
反應溫度可為一般環氧樹脂合成所設定之溫度,係100℃至250℃,較佳為120℃至200℃。
為了在反應中縮短時間或降低反應溫度而可使用觸媒。可使用之觸媒無特別制限,可使用一般環氧樹脂合成中所使用者。例如可使用苄基二甲基胺等三級胺類;四甲基銨氯化物等四級銨鹽類;三苯基膦、三(2,6-二甲氧基苯基)膦等膦類;乙基三苯基鏻溴化物等鏻鹽類;2-甲基咪唑,2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑等咪唑類等之各種觸媒。可單獨使用或併用2種類以上,且並不限定於該等。此外,也可分割為數次而使用。
觸媒量並無特別限定,但對於含磷之環氧樹脂(A)為5%以下,較佳為1%以下,更佳為0.5%以下。觸媒量多時,因環氧基會進行自行聚合反應而使樹脂黏度變高,較為不佳。
通式(1)所示之磷化合物與具有特定分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂(b)與三聚氰酸反應時,視需要可在不損及本發明特性之範圍內併用各種環氧樹脂改質劑。改質劑可舉出:雙酚A、雙酚F、
雙酚AD、四丁基雙酚A、氫醌、甲基氫醌、二甲基氫醌、二丁基氫醌、間苯二酚、甲基間苯二酚、聯苯酚、四甲基聯苯酚、二羥基萘、二羥基二苯基醚、二羥基茋類、酚酚醛樹脂、甲基酚酚醛樹脂、雙酚A酚醛樹脂,二環戊二烯酚樹脂、酚芳烷基樹脂、萘酚酚醛樹脂、萜烯酚樹脂、重質油改質酚樹脂、溴化酚酚醛樹脂等各種酚類;或是各種酚類與羥基苯甲醛、巴豆醛、乙二醛等各種醛類之縮合反應所得之多酚樹脂;苯胺、苯二胺、甲苯胺、二甲苯胺、二乙基甲苯二胺、二胺基二苯基甲烷、二胺基二苯基乙烷、二胺基二苯基丙烷、二胺基二苯基酮、二胺基二苯基硫醚、二胺基二苯基碸、雙(胺基苯基)茀、二胺基二乙基二甲基二苯基甲烷、二胺基二苯基醚、二胺基苯甲醯苯胺、二胺基聯苯、二甲基二胺基聯苯、聯苯四胺、雙胺基苯基蒽、雙胺基苯氧基苯、雙胺基苯氧基苯基醚、雙胺基苯氧基聯苯、雙胺基苯氧基苯基碸、雙胺基苯氧基苯基丙烷、二胺基萘等之胺化合物,但並不限定於該等,且可併用2種類以上。
通式(1)所示之磷化合物與具有特定分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂(b)與三聚氰酸反應時,視需要可在不損及本發明特性之程度內使用各種環氧樹脂。具體來說可舉出EPOTOHTO YDC-1312、ZX-1027(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 氫醌型環氧樹脂)、YX-4000(三菱化學股份有限公司製)、ZX-1251(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製聯苯酚型環氧樹脂)、EPOTOHTO YD-127、EPOTOHTO YD-128、EPOTOHTO YD-8125、EPOTOHTO YD-825GS、EPOTOHTO YD-011、EPOTOHTO YD-900、EPOTOHTO YD-901(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製BPA型環氧樹脂)、EPOTOHTO YDF-170、EPOTOHTO
YDF-8170、EPOTOHTO YDF-870GS、EPOTOHTO YDF-2001(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製BPF型環氧樹脂)、EPOTOHTO YDPN-638(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 酚酚醛型環氧樹脂)、EPOTOHTO YDCN-701(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 甲基酚酚醛型環氧樹脂)、ZX-1201(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 雙酚茀型環氧樹脂)、NC-3000(日本化藥股份有限公司製 聯苯基芳烷基酚型環氧樹脂)、EPPN-501H、EPPN-502H(日本化藥股份有限公司製 多官能環氧樹脂)、ZX-1355(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 萘二醇型環氧樹脂)、ESN-155、ESN-185V、ESN-175(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 β萘酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂)、ESN-355、ESN-375(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 二萘酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂)、ESN-475V、ESN-485(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 α萘酚芳烷基型環氧樹脂)等之多酚樹脂等酚化合物與環氧鹵丙烷所製造之環氧樹脂;EPOTOHTO YH-434、EPOTOHTO YH-434GS(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 二胺基二苯基甲烷四環氧丙基醚)等之胺化合物與環氧鹵丙烷所製造之環氧樹脂;YD-171(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 二聚酸型環氧樹脂)等羧酸類與環氧鹵丙烷所製造之環氧樹脂等,但並不限定於該等,且可併用2種類以上。
反應中可使用不活性溶媒。具體來說可使用己烷、庚烷、辛烷、癸烷、二甲基丁烷、戊烯、環己烷、甲基環己烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙基苯等之各種烴;乙醚、異丙醚、丁醚、二異戊醚、甲基苯基醚、乙基苯基醚、戊基苯基醚、乙基苄基醚、二烷、甲基呋喃、四氫呋喃等之醚類、甲基賽珞蘇、乙酸甲基賽珞蘇酯、乙基賽珞蘇、乙酸賽珞蘇酯、乙二醇異丙基醚、二乙二醇二甲基
醚、甲基乙基卡必醇、丙二醇單甲醚、二甲基甲醯胺、二甲基亞碸等,但並不限定於該等,且可混合2種類以上使用。
本發明之含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂(A)係藉由摻配硬化劑,而可成為硬化性之含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂組成物。硬化劑可使用各種酚樹脂類或酸酐類、胺類、醯肼類、酸性聚酯類等之通常使用之環氧樹脂用硬化劑,該等硬化劑可僅使用1種類也可使用2種類以上。該等之中,本發明之硬化性環氧樹脂組成物所含有之硬化劑較佳為二氰二胺或酚系硬化劑。本發明之硬化性環氧樹脂組成物中,相對於環氧樹脂之官能基之環氧基1當量,硬化劑之使用量較佳為硬化劑之官能基0.4至2.0當量,更佳為0.5至1.5當量,特佳為0.5至1.0當量。相對於環氧基1當量而硬化劑未達0.4當量時、或者超過2.0當量時,有硬化不完全而無法獲得良好硬化物性之虞。
可使用於本發明之硬化性環氧樹脂組成物的酚系硬化劑中,其具體例可列舉:雙酚A、雙酚F、雙酚C、雙酚K、雙酚Z、雙酚S、四甲基雙酚A、四甲基雙酚F、四甲基雙酚S、四甲基雙酚Z、二羥基二苯基硫醚、4,4’-硫雙(3-甲基-6-第三丁基酚)等之雙酚類;或是鄰苯二酚、間苯二酚、甲基間苯二酚、氫醌、單甲基氫醌、二甲基氫醌、三甲基氫醌、單-第三丁基氫醌、二-第三丁基氫醌等二羥基苯類、二羥基萘、二羥基甲基萘、二羥基甲基萘、三羥基萘等羥基萘類;酚酚醛樹脂、DC-5(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 甲基酚酚醛樹脂)、萘酚酚醛樹脂等之酚類及/或萘酚類與醛類之縮合物;SN-160、SN-395、SN-485(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製)等之酚類及/或萘酚類與苯二甲醇之縮合物;酚類及/或萘酚類
與異丙烯基苯乙酮之縮合物;酚類及/或萘酚類與二環戊二烯之反應物;酚類及/或萘酚類與聯苯基系縮合劑之縮合物等之酚化合物等。
上述之酚類可舉出酚、甲基酚、二甲苯酚、丁基酚、戊基酚、壬基酚、丁基甲基酚、三甲基酚、苯基酚等,萘酚類可舉出1-萘酚、2-萘酚等。
醛類可舉例如:甲醛、乙醛、丙醛、丁醛、戊醛、己醛、苯甲醛、氯醛、溴醛、乙二醛、丙二醛、丁二醛、戊二醛、己二醛、庚二醛、癸二醛、丙烯醛、巴豆醛、柳醛、鄰苯二甲醛、羥基苯甲醛等。
聯苯系縮合劑可舉例如:雙(羥甲基)聯苯、雙(甲氧基甲基)聯苯、雙(乙氧基甲基)聯苯、雙(氯甲基)聯苯等。
可使用於本發明之硬化性環氧樹脂組成物之其他公知慣用之硬化劑可列舉:甲基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、六氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、均苯四甲酸二酐、鄰苯二甲酸酐、偏苯三酸酐、甲基纳迪克酸(methylnadic anhydride)等之酸酐類;二伸乙基三胺、三伸乙基四胺、間二甲苯二胺、異佛爾酮二胺,二胺基二苯基甲烷,二胺基二苯基碸,二胺基二苯基醚,二氰二胺,二聚酸等之酸類與多元胺類之縮合物之聚醯胺胺(polyamideamine)等之胺系化合物等。
再者,引發環氧基聚合並使其硬化的硬化劑可列舉:三苯基膦等之膦化合物;四苯基鏻溴化物等之鏻鹽;2-甲基咪唑、2-苯基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、2-十一基咪唑,1-氰基乙基-2-甲基咪唑等之咪唑類及該等與偏苯三甲酸、異三聚氰酸、硼等之鹽之咪唑鹽類;苄基二甲基胺、2,4,6-三(二甲基胺基甲基)酚等之胺類;
三甲基銨氯化物等之四級銨鹽類;二吖雙環化合物及該等與酚類、酚酚醛樹脂類等之鹽類;三氟化硼與胺類、醚化合物等之錯化合物;芳香族鏻或錪鹽等。該等硬化劑可單獨使用,也可併用2種類以上。
使用於本發明之環氧樹脂組成物之其他公知慣用之環氧樹脂硬化劑的摻配比例係每1當量環氧基的硬化劑之官能基為0.4至2.0當量,較佳為0.5至1.5當量,更佳為0.8至1.2當量之比例。此外,引發環氧基聚合使其硬化的硬化劑的摻配比例係相對於環氧樹脂100重量份而為0.1至10重量份,更佳為0.2至5重量份。
包含有本發明之含磷的環氧樹脂(A)之阻燃性環氧樹脂組成物中,亦可使用調整黏度用之有機溶劑。可使用之有機溶劑可舉出:N,N-二甲基甲醯胺等之醯胺類;乙二醇單甲醚等之醚類;丙酮、甲基乙基酮等之酮類;甲醇、乙醇等之醇類;苯、甲苯等之芳香族烴類等,可將環氧樹脂濃度在30至80重量%之範圍摻配該等溶劑中之一種或混合複數種者。
視需要可於本發明組成物中使用硬化促進劑。可使用之硬化促進劑的例子可列舉:2-甲基咪唑、2-乙基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑等之咪唑類;2-(二甲基胺基甲基)酚、1,8-二吖-雙環(5,4,0)十一烯-7等之三級胺類;三苯基膦、三環己基膦、三苯基膦三苯基硼烷等之膦類;辛酸錫等之金屬化合物。視需要之硬化促進劑,相對於本發明之環氧樹脂組成物中之環氧樹脂成分100重量份,可使用0.02至5.0重量份。藉由使用硬化促進劑而可降低硬化溫度、縮短硬化時間。
視需要可於本發明組成物中使用填充劑。具體來說可舉出:
氫氧化鋁,氫氧化鎂,滑石,燒成滑石,黏土,高嶺土,水鋁石,氧化鈦,玻璃粉末,二氧化矽球等之無機填充劑,但也可摻配顏料等。使用一般無機充填材之理由係可舉出提升耐衝撃性。此外,使用氫氧化鋁、氫氧化鎂等之金屬氫氧化物時,可作用為阻燃助劑,即使含磷量少也可確保阻燃性。
尤其是若摻配量未達10%以上則耐衝撃性效果低。但是若摻配量超過150%則作為積層板用途的必要項目之接著性會降低。此外,可於上述樹脂組成物中含有玻璃纖維、紙漿纖維、合成纖維、陶瓷纖維等之纖維質充填材或微粒子橡膠、熱塑性彈性體等之有機充填材。
藉由硬化本發明之含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂組成物而可得含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂硬化物。硬化時可成為例如樹脂薄片、附有樹脂之銅箔、預浸體等之形態並積層且加熱加壓硬化,藉此可得作為積層板之含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂硬化物。
使用本發明之含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂(A)而可製作含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂組成物,並評價藉由加熱硬化之積層板之含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂硬化物,結果,使磷化合物與三聚氰酸與具有特定分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂反應之含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂(A),係顯示高於以往公知之由磷化合物與環氧樹脂類所得之含磷的環氧樹脂之阻燃性,該結果可降低含磷率並提升硬化物的物性。
舉出實施例及比較例而具體說明本發明,但本發明並不限定於該等。在未特別限定下,「份」表示重量份,「%」表示重量%。測定方法係分別藉由以下方法而測定。
實施例及比較例所合成之環氧樹脂之環氧當量係以JIS K 7236進行測定。
含氮率係由氮化合物之含氮率算出相對於含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂之重量比。
實施例及比較例所合成之環氧樹脂之含磷率係以以下方法進行測定。亦即於試料150 mg加入硫酸3ml並加熱30分鐘。恢復至室溫,加入硝酸3.5 ml及過氯酸0.5 ml而加熱分解直到內容物變成透明或黄色。將該液在100 ml量瓶中以水稀釋。將該試料液10 ml加入50 ml量瓶,並加入1滴酚肽指示劑,並加入2 mol/l氨水直到成為淡紅色為止。加入50%硫酸液2ml,並加水。加入2.5g/l之偏釩酸銨水溶液5ml及50g/l之鉬酸銨水溶液5ml後,以水定容。置於室溫40分鐘後,使用分光光度計而以波長440 nm之條件並以水作為對照而測定。以磷酸二氫鉀水溶液製作檢量曲線並由吸收度求得含磷量。
玻璃轉移溫度DSC:於示差掃描熱量測定裝置(精工儀器股份有限公司製EXSTAR6000 DSC6200)以10℃/分鐘之升溫條件進行測定時之DSC外插值之溫度。
玻璃轉移溫度TMA:熱機械分析裝置(精工儀器股份有限公司製EXSTAR6000 TMA/SS120U)以5℃/分鐘之升溫條件進行測定時之TMA外插值之溫度。
銅箔剝離強度係根據JIS C 6481 5.7,層間接著力係根據JIS C 6481 5.7而在1片預浸體與剩餘之預浸體之間進行剝離而測定。
燃燒性:根據UL94(Underwriters Laboratories Inc之安全認証規格)。以5片試驗片進行試驗,以秒表示第1次與第2此著火(5
片分別進行2次此而總計10次之著火)後之火焰燃燒持續時間之合計時間。
膠體滲透層析儀:雙核體含有率、三核體含有率、數量平均分子量、重量平均分子量係使用膠體滲透層析儀而測定分子量分佈,雙核體含有率、三核體含有率係由波峰面積%而求,數量平均分子量係以標準單分散聚苯乙烯(TOSOH股份有限公司製A-500、A-1000、A-2500、A-5000、F-1、F-2、F-4、F-10、F-20、F-40)所求之檢量曲線而換算。具體來說係使用於本體(TOSOH股份有限公司製HLC-8220GPC)具有串聯管柱(TOSOH股份有限公司製TSKgelG4000HXL,TSKgelG3000HXL,TSKgelG2000HXL)者,管柱溫度為40℃。此外,溶析液使用四氫呋喃,流速為1ml/min,檢測器係使用RI(示差折射率計)檢測器。
所使用之環氧樹脂係如下所示。
YDPN-638(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 酚酚醛型環氧樹脂,以膠體滲透層析儀測定之雙核體含有率22.1面積%、三核體含有率10.7面積%、數量平均分子量463、重量平均分子量1003、分散度2.17、環氧當量176g/eq)。
YDF-170(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 雙酚F型環氧樹脂、環氧當量170g/eq)。
YDF-2001(新日鐵化學股份有限公司製 雙酚F型環氧樹脂、環氧當量469g/eq)。
在具備攪拌裝置、溫度計、冷却管、氮氣導入裝置之4口玻璃製分離燒瓶中,加入酚2500份、草酸二水和物7.5份,一邊
導入氮氣一邊進行攪拌,進行加熱並升溫。於80℃開始滴入37.4%福馬林474.1份,並在30分鐘結束滴入。復將反應溫度保持在92℃並進行3小時反應。一邊進行升溫將反應生成水去除至系統外一邊升溫至110℃。將殘存酚在160℃於減壓下進行回收,而得酚酚醛樹脂。復提升溫度並回收一部分雙核體。以膠體滲透層析儀測定所得之酚酚醛樹脂的雙核體含有率為10面積%。
於與合成例1相同之裝置中,加入合成例1之酚酚醛樹脂665.8份、環氧氯丙烷2110.8份、水17份,一邊攪拌一邊升溫至50℃。加入49%氫氧化鈉水溶液14.2份並進行3小時反應。升溫至64℃,減壓至引起水之回流之程度,花費3小時滴入49%氫氧化鈉水溶液457.7份並進行反應。將溫度提升至70℃並進行脫水,使溫度為135℃並回收殘存之環氧氯丙烷。恢復至常壓,加入MIBK 1232份並溶解。加入離子交換水1200份,攪拌靜置並將副產物之食鹽溶解於水並去除。接著加入49%氫氧化鈉水溶液37.4份並在80℃下攪拌反應90分鐘並進行精製反應。追加MIBK並進行數次水洗而去除離子性不純物。回收溶劑而得酚醛型環氧樹脂。以膠體滲透層析儀所測定之雙核體含有率9面積%、三核體含有率37.0面積%、數量平均分子量440、重量平均分子量605、分散度1.38、環氧當量176g/eq。
於與合成例1相同之裝置中,加入合成例2之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂859份、HCA(三光股份有限公司製9,10-二氫-9-氧雑-10-膦菲-10-氧化物、含磷率14.2重量%)134份、三聚氰酸(東京化成工
業股份有限公司製)8份,一邊導入氮氣一邊進行攪拌,並進行加熱而升溫。於130℃添加作為觸媒之三苯基膦0.14份並在160℃進行3小時反應。所得之環氧樹脂之環氧當量為249g/eq、含磷率為1.9%。結果整理於表1。
除了使合成例2之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂為873份、HCA為120份以外,進行與實施例1相同之操作。所得之環氧樹脂之環氧當量為240g/eq、磷含有率為1.7%。結果整理於表1。
除了使合成例2之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂為743份,HCA為120份以外,進行與實施例1相同之操作。反應結束後添加130份YDF-170,並進行攪拌直到均勻為止。所得之環氧樹脂之環氧當量為236g/eq、含磷率為1.7%。結果整理於表1。
除了使合成例2之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂為759份,HCA為134份以外,進行與實施例1相同之操作。反應結束後添加100份YDF-2001,並進行攪拌直到均勻為止。所得之環氧樹脂之環氧當量為273g/eq、含磷率為1.9%。結果整理於表1。
於與合成例1相同之裝置中,加入合成例2之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂842份、HCA 100份、HCA-HQ 50份、三聚氰酸8份,一邊導入氮氣一邊進行攪拌,進行加熱並升溫。於130℃添加作為觸媒之三苯基膦0.15份並在160℃進行3小時反應。所得之環氧樹脂之環氧當量為265g/eq、含磷率為1.9%。結果整理於表1。
除了以803份YDPN-638、197份HCA、三聚氰酸0份取代合成例2之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂以外,進行與實施例1相同之操作。所得之環氧樹脂之環氧當量為283g/eq、含磷率為2.8%。結果整理於表1。
除了以817份YDPN-638、183份HCA、三聚氰酸0份取代合成例2之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂以外,進行與實施例1相同之操作。所得之環氧樹脂之環氧當量為275g/eq、含磷率為2.6%。結果整理於表1。
除了以824份YDPN-638、176份HCA、三聚氰酸0份取代合成例2之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂以外,進行與實施例1相同之操作。所得之環氧樹脂之環氧當量為251g/eq、含磷率為2.5%。結果整理於表1。
除了用合成例2之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂859份、141份HCA、三聚氰酸0份以外,進行與實施例1相同之操作。所得之環氧樹脂之環氧當量為236g/eq、含磷率為2.0%。結果整理於表1。
除了用合成例2之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂866份、134份HCA、三聚氰酸0份以外,進行與實施例1相同之操作。所得之環氧樹脂之環氧當量為234g/eq、含磷率為1.9%。結果整理於表1。
除了用合成例2之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂880份、120份HCA、三聚氰酸0份以外,進行與實施例1相同之操作。所得之環氧樹脂之環氧當量為226g/eq、含磷率為1.7%。結果整理於表1。
以表2之配方摻配實施例1至實施例5、比較例1至比較例6之環氧樹脂、以及作為硬化劑之二氰二胺,並溶解於甲基乙基酮、丙二醇單甲醚、二甲基甲醯胺等之溶劑而得環氧樹脂組成物。
將所得之樹脂清漆含浸玻璃織布WEA 7628 XS13(日東紡績股份有限公司製、厚度0.18 mm)。以150℃之熱風循環爐將含浸之玻璃織布進行8分鐘乾燥,而得預浸體。重疊所得之預浸體8片,並於上下重疊銅箔(三井金屬鉱業股份有限公司製3EC),以130℃×15分鐘及170℃×20 kg/cm2×70分鐘加熱並進行加壓,而得積層板。
積層板之TMA、DSC之玻璃轉移溫度、銅箔剝離強度、層間接著力、阻燃性試驗之結果整理於表2。
如表1、表2所示般,與未以三聚氰酸改質之比較例之含磷
環氧樹脂相比,通式(1)所示之磷化合物與三聚氰酸與具有特定分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂類(b)反應所得之分子內含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂(A)即使是低含磷率也可得阻燃性,且與使用不具有特定分子量分佈之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂時相比,可以低含磷率而獲得阻燃性。
此外,有關於玻璃轉移溫度、接著力,實施例之硬化物之物性係顯示高於比較例之值。此原因係應如下述:酚醛型環氧樹脂之構成成分之二官能環氧樹脂在與磷化合物反應時會生成不具有環氧基之衍生物成分,然本發明所使用之環氧樹脂類(A)其雙核體成分少而可減少不具有環氧基之衍生物成分,此外,可減少在與磷化合物反應時會成為構造體積大之高分子量衍生物成分的4核體以上之高分子量成分,因此所得之環氧樹脂(A)不會因位阻效應(steric effects)等而使硬化反應性惡化,而可大幅提升阻燃性與硬化物之物性。
本發明係將特定之磷化合物與三聚氰酸與具有特定之分子量分佈之酚酚醛型環氧樹脂反應而得之分子內含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂(A),其可利用作為阻燃性、耐熱性、接著性優異之電子回路基板用的環氧樹脂。
由於本案的圖為試驗數據,並非本案的代表圖。故本案無指定代表圖。
Claims (5)
- 一種分子內含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂(A),係通式(1)所示之磷化合物與三聚氰酸與環氧樹脂(a)反應所得之分子內含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂(A),其中,前述環氧樹脂(a)在下述條件下的膠體滲透層析儀測定中,係雙核體含有率為15面積%以下、三核體含有率為15面積%至60面積%、且具有數量平均分子量為350至700之分子量分佈之酚醛型環氧樹脂(b);
- 一種環氧樹脂組成物,係將申請專利範圍第1項所述之分子內 含有磷與氮之環氧樹脂(A)與硬化劑作為必要成分,相對於環氧樹脂(A)之環氧基1當量而摻配硬化劑之官能活性基0.4當量至2.0當量而得。
- 一種預浸體,係使申請專利範圍第2項所述之環氧樹脂組成物含浸基材而得。
- 一種環氧樹脂硬化物,係使申請專利範圍第2項所述之環氧樹脂組成物硬化而得。
- 一種積層板,係使申請專利範圍第2項所述之環氧樹脂組成物硬化而得。
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2012
- 2012-10-24 TW TW101139197A patent/TWI538929B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-11-16 KR KR1020120130025A patent/KR101922732B1/ko active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5896693B2 (ja) | 2016-03-30 |
JP2013107980A (ja) | 2013-06-06 |
KR101922732B1 (ko) | 2018-11-27 |
KR20130056180A (ko) | 2013-05-29 |
TW201323467A (zh) | 2013-06-16 |
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