TWI527181B - A porous electrode sheet and a method for manufacturing the same, and a display device - Google Patents

A porous electrode sheet and a method for manufacturing the same, and a display device Download PDF

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TWI527181B
TWI527181B TW100147061A TW100147061A TWI527181B TW I527181 B TWI527181 B TW I527181B TW 100147061 A TW100147061 A TW 100147061A TW 100147061 A TW100147061 A TW 100147061A TW I527181 B TWI527181 B TW I527181B
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electrode sheet
porous electrode
resin film
porous
transparent
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TW201301470A (zh
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Junichi Moriyama
Yozo Nagai
Satoru Furuyama
Hajime Yamamoto
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Nitto Denko Corp
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09FDISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02Details
    • H05K1/03Use of materials for the substrate
    • H05K1/0306Inorganic insulating substrates, e.g. ceramic, glass
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153Constructional details
    • G02F1/155Electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02Details
    • H05K1/09Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K13/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153Constructional details
    • G02F1/1533Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
    • G02F2001/1536Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for additional, e.g. protective, layer inside the cell
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153Constructional details
    • G02F1/155Electrodes
    • G02F2001/1552Inner electrode, e.g. the electrochromic layer being sandwiched between the inner electrode and the support substrate
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49204Contact or terminal manufacturing

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Description

多孔性電極片及其製造方法、以及顯示裝置
本發明係關於一種於透明絕緣層上積層有透明電極之多孔性電極片及其製造方法。又,本發明係關於一種使用該多孔性電極片之顯示裝置。
自先前,於各種裝置中使用透明電極。透明電極一般係積層於透明之基板或絕緣層上。例如,於專利文獻1中,揭示有如圖4所示之電子呈色方式之多色顯示裝置100。
於該顯示裝置100中,顯示基板11與對向基板12隔著分隔件18貼合,藉此形成單元。於單元內,於顯示基板11側積層有第1顯示電極13a、第1電子呈色層14a、絕緣層15、第2顯示電極13b及第2電子呈色層14b,且於對向基板12側積層有對向電極17及白色反射層16。又,於單元內填充有電解質19。
第1顯示電極13a及第2顯示電極13b為透明電極。藉由對施加於第1顯示電極13a與對向電極17之間之電壓進行控制,而使第1電子呈色層14a產生第1色或為無色。藉由對施加於第2顯示電極13b與對向電極17之間之電壓進行控制,而使第2電子呈色層14b產生與第1色不同之第2色或為無色。
第1電子呈色層14a及第2電子呈色層14b一般具有使電子呈色化合物擔載於金屬氧化物之構成。作為金屬氧化物亦可使用具有導電性者。絕緣層15係可用以對第1顯示電極13a與第2顯示電極13b之電位分別地進行控制者。又,絕緣層15為透明,並且為了可使電解質19滲透於內部而實現伴隨著氧化還原反應之離子移動而為多孔質。
專利文獻1:日本特開2010-33016號公報
然而,於專利文獻1中,用以形成多孔質之絕緣層15之具體方法,記載有對含有ZnS之無機材料進行濺鍍之方法。然而,於藉由濺鍍而形成絕緣層15之情形時,難以使絕緣層15之厚度均勻地遍及廣面積。而且,若絕緣層15之厚度變得不均勻,則於較薄部分損害絕緣性,於較厚部分損害透明性。
本發明鑒於此情況,目的在於提供一種可沿著透明電極而確保均勻厚度之絕緣層的多孔性電極片及其製造方法。又,本發明之目的在於提供一種使用此多孔性電極片之顯示裝置。
即,本發明提供一種多孔性電極片,其具備:透明且絕緣性之樹脂膜,其設置有自一面直線地延伸至另一面之複數個貫通孔;及透明電極,其積層於上述樹脂膜之上述一面上,於分別與上述複數個貫通孔對應之位置具有開口。
又,本發明提供一種具備上述多孔性電極片之顯示裝置。
進而,本發明提供一種多孔性電極片製造方法,其包含如下之步驟:將離子束照射至透明且無孔之樹脂基材而形成以於厚度方向貫通該樹脂基材之方式延伸之複數個改質軌道;以上述改質軌道為基點對上述樹脂基材進行化學蝕刻,藉此獲得具有複數個貫通孔之樹脂膜;及於上述樹脂膜之一面上形成於分別與上述複數個貫通孔對應之位置具有開口之透明電極。
於上述之構成中,透明電極積層於樹脂膜之一面上。可容易地製作遍及廣面積且厚度均勻之樹脂膜。因此,若使用樹脂膜,則可沿著透明電極確保均勻厚度之絕緣層。而且,因於本發明之多孔性電極片中形成有藉由樹脂膜之貫通孔與透明電極之開口而將多孔性電極片於厚度方向上貫通之通路,故即便例如於以接觸於電子呈色層之方式配置絕緣層之情形時,離子亦可通過該通路而移動。
因接觸於電子呈色層之先前絕緣層為不具有孔之方向性之多孔質,故離子無法於絕緣層內順利地移動。相對於此,於本發明中,因藉由上述之通路,離子可以最短距離通過多孔性電極片之方式移動,故可使氧化還原反應之速度提高。即,於將多孔性電極片用於電子呈色方式之顯示裝置中之情形時,顯示裝置之性能提高。
以下,一面參照隨附之圖式一面對本發明之實施形態進行說明。
<多孔性電極片>
圖1A及1B表示本發明之一實施形態之多孔性電極片1。該多孔性電極片1具備:透明且絕緣性之樹脂膜2、及積層於樹脂膜2之一面2a上之透明電極3。
可容易地製作遍及廣面積且厚度均勻之樹脂膜2。因此,於使用樹脂膜2之多孔性電極片1中,可沿著透明電極3而確保均勻之厚度之絕緣層。
多孔性電極片1之形狀並無特別限定。例如,多孔性電極片1可於俯視觀察時(自厚度方向觀察時)為矩形,亦可為圓形或圓角多角形。
於樹脂膜2中設置有自一個面2a直線地延伸至另一個面2b之複數個貫通孔21。換言之,貫通孔21為無分枝之直通孔。可於形成了以將離子束照射至透明且無孔之樹脂基材而於厚度方向貫通該樹脂基材之方式延伸之複數個改質軌道(樹脂改質之線狀部分)後,以改質軌道為基點對樹脂基材進行化學蝕刻,藉此製作具有如此之貫通孔21之樹脂膜2。
藉由將上述之離子束照射與化學蝕刻組合之穿孔技術而製作之製品已於市面廣為販售,且可使用該等市售品(例如,Oxyphen公司或Millipore公司銷售之膜過濾器)作為樹脂膜2。
離子束可於短時間內照射至廣面積,並且可高密度地照射。又,亦可對樹脂基材附加角度而自傾斜方向照射離子束。離子束之照射較佳為使用重離子。因使用重離子時,可形成相對於孔徑之長度之比(所謂縱橫比)為1萬以上之極細長之貫通孔21。例如,可以回旋加速器使重離子加速後,朝向樹脂基材發射。
此處,所謂「孔徑」係指於將貫通孔21之剖面形狀視為圓時之圓的直徑,換言之,係指與貫通孔21之剖面面積相同面積之圓的直徑。
去除改質軌道之樹脂之化學蝕刻中,使用鹼性溶液等蝕刻液。藉由該化學蝕刻可對貫通孔21之孔徑或剖面形狀進行控制。
貫通孔21之剖面形狀並無特別限定,可為圓形,亦可為非特定形狀。貫通孔21之平均孔徑較佳為0.05μm以上100μm以下。然而,於將多孔性電極片1如下述般接觸於電子呈色層而配置之情形時,貫通孔21之最大孔徑較佳為小於擔載電子呈色化合物之金屬氧化物之平均粒徑。更佳之貫通孔21之平均孔徑為0.1μm以上10μm以下。
貫通孔21之密度較佳為遍及樹脂膜2整面而落入於10~1×108個/cm2之範圍中的特定區域(例如,最大密度為最小密度之1.5倍以下)。貫通孔21之密度可藉由離子束照射時之離子照射數來進行調整。更佳之貫通孔21之密度係處於1×103~1×107個/cm2之範圍內。
貫通孔21之縱橫比較佳為5以上。
樹脂膜2之厚度例如為10~100μm。樹脂膜2之具體例可列舉:為透明絕緣性膜之聚對酞酸乙二酯(PET,polyethylene terephthalate)膜、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN,polyethylene naphthalate)膜、聚碳酸酯(PC,polycarbonate)膜。
透明電極3於分別與貫通孔21對應之位置具有開口31。即,樹脂膜2之貫通孔21及透明電極3之開口31相互連通而形成於厚度方向貫通多孔性電極片1之通路10。
關於形成具有開口31之透明電極3,係藉由濺鍍法、電子束法、離子電鍍法、真空蒸鍍法及化學氣相沈積法(CVD法)等而於樹脂膜之一面2a上直接形成導電膜便可。
透明電極3較佳為以氧化銦錫膜(ITO膜)構成。然而,透明電極3亦可例如以摻氟氧化錫膜(FTO膜)、或摻銻、銦或鋁之氧化鋅膜等構成。
<顯示裝置>
其次,對本實施形態之多孔性電極片1之使用例進行說明。圖2表示使用多孔性電極片1之電子呈色方式之多色顯示裝置10A。再者,對於與背景技術之欄中參照圖4而進行說明之構成相同之部分附加相同符號,且省略其說明。
於該顯示裝置10A中,代替圖4之第1顯示電極13a而配設有第1電子呈色層14a操作用之第1透明電極4,且代替圖4之第2顯示電極13b及絕緣層15而配設有多孔性絕緣片1。即,多孔性電極片1中,樹脂膜2隔著第1電子呈色層14a而與第1透明電極4相對向,且透明電極3配置為接觸第2電子呈色層14b。多孔性絕緣片1之透明電極3為第2電子呈色層14b操作用之第2透明電極。
又,代替圖4之對向電極17而配設有定址電極5。因於單元內填充有電解質19,故定址電極5隔著以電解質19充滿之空間而與多孔性電極片1相對向。
如此,於將多孔性電極片1使用於顯示裝置10A時,因於多孔性電極片1形成有於厚度方向貫通該多孔性電極片1之通路10(參照圖1B),故離子可通過該通路10而移動。
於圖4所示之先前顯示裝置100中,因接觸於第1電子呈色層14a之絕緣層15為不具有孔之方向性之多孔質,故無法使離子於絕緣層15內順利地移動。相對於此,於圖2所示之顯示裝置10A中,因藉由通路10,離子可以最短距離通過多孔性電極片1之方式移動,故可使氧化還原反應之速度提高。即,可藉由多孔性電極片1而使顯示裝置10A之性能提高。
又,因樹脂膜2通常在浸漬於液體中時透明度增加,故於使用液體作為電解質19時可提高顯示裝置10A之視認性。而且,因將如此之電解液保持於貫通孔21,故即便對於可撓之移動樹脂膜2亦可維持透明性。因此,多孔性電極片1尤其適合電子紙等要求可撓性之用途上。
進而,於多孔性電極片1中,因樹脂膜2側之表面平滑,故與積層於其上之電子呈色層(尤其是金屬氧化物)之密接性變高。又,因樹脂膜2之貫通孔21與形成於由無機材料構成之多孔質之絕緣層內的空隙相比,可確實地維持形狀,故可對顯示裝置之製造良率之提高有所貢獻。
然而,本實施形態之多孔性電極片1亦可用於電子呈色方式之單色之顯示裝置中。圖3表示此情形時之構成之一例。
於圖3所示之顯示裝置10B中,多孔性電極片1以與顯示基板11夾持電子呈色層14之方式配置。更詳細而言,多孔性電極片1之透明電極3於顯示基板11側與電子呈色層14接觸,且樹脂膜2面向以電解質19充滿之空間。
於該構成中,因不須於作為外側障壁層之顯示基板11上形成透明電極,故可使用如塑膠般之可撓障壁膜作為顯示基板11。於先前之顯示裝置中,若於存在透明電極之位置欲將顯示基板與對向基板之間以分隔件密封,則就透明電極與分隔件之接著性之方面而言於耐久性上存在問題。
然而,若使用多孔性電極片1則因不須於顯示基板11上設置透明電極,故可使相同或類似之材質彼此接著,藉此可獲得良好之耐久性。
實施例
以下,列舉實施例對本發明進行詳細地說明,但本發明並不限定於該等實施例。
準備設置有平均孔徑10μm之貫通孔之厚度13μm的市售品(Oxyphen公司製造之Oxydisk)作為透明且絕緣性之樹脂膜。於該樹脂膜之一面使用分批式濺鍍裝置(ULVAC公司製造之SMH-2306RE)對ITO進行濺鍍,形成透明電極。濺鍍係將極限真空度設定為1×10-5Torr,於處理壓力4.3×10-3Torr之環境中,一面以40sccm供給Ar且以3sccm供給O2,一面以電壓430V、電流0.88A進行5分鐘。藉此,獲得多孔性電極片。
將所得之多孔性電極片之透明電極側之表面以電子顯微鏡放大1000倍來進行觀察,結果發現於透明電極中,於分別與樹脂膜之貫通孔對應之位置形成有開口。
又,對所得之多孔性電極片之透明電極側之表面電阻值使用具有ASP探針之電阻率計(三菱化學公司製造之Loresta GP MCP-T610型)進行測定,結果為電壓10V且60Ω/□。
於使用設置有平均孔徑1.0μm之貫通孔之厚度22μm的市售品(Oxyphen公司製造之Oxydisk)作為樹脂膜之情形時,亦可獲得同樣之結果。
1...多孔性電極片
2...樹脂膜
2a...一面
2b...另一面
3...透明電極
4...第1透明電極
5...定址電極
10A、10B、100...顯示裝置
10...通路
11...顯示基板
12、17...對向基板
13a...第1顯示電極
13b...第2顯示電極
14...電子呈色層
14a...第1電子呈色層
14b...第2電子呈色層
15...絕緣層
16...白色反射層
18...分隔件
19...電解質
21...貫通孔
31...開口
圖1A係本發明之一實施形態之多孔性電極片之立體圖,圖1B係該多孔性電極片之剖面圖。
圖2係使用圖1之多孔性電極片之多色顯示裝置的概略構成圖。
圖3係使用圖1之多孔性電極片之單色顯示裝置的概略構成圖。
圖4係先前之顯示裝置之概略構成圖。
1...多孔性電極片
2...樹脂膜
2a...一面
2b...另一面
3...透明電極
10...通路
21...貫通孔
31...開口

Claims (2)

  1. 一種顯示裝置,其具備:多孔性電極片,其具備:透明且絕緣性之樹脂膜,其設置有自一面直線地延伸至另一面之複數個貫通孔;及透明電極,其積層於該樹脂膜之該一面上,於分別與該複數個貫通孔對應之位置具有開口;電子呈色層,其被設置為接觸於該多孔性電極片之該透明電極;及定址(address)電極,其隔著以電解質充滿之空間而與該多孔性電極片相對向。
  2. 一種多孔性電極片製造方法,其包含如下步驟:將離子束照射至透明且無孔之樹脂基材而形成以於厚度方向貫通該樹脂基材之方式延伸之複數個改質軌道(track);以該改質軌道為基點對該樹脂基材進行化學蝕刻,藉此獲得具有複數個貫通孔之樹脂膜;及於該樹脂膜之一面上形成分別與該複數個貫通孔對應之位置具有開口的透明電極。
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