TWI502423B - 觸控面板 - Google Patents
觸控面板 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI502423B TWI502423B TW102110243A TW102110243A TWI502423B TW I502423 B TWI502423 B TW I502423B TW 102110243 A TW102110243 A TW 102110243A TW 102110243 A TW102110243 A TW 102110243A TW I502423 B TWI502423 B TW I502423B
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- layer
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- touch panel
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- transparent electrode
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 35
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- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002042 Silver nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006116 anti-fingerprint coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005345 chemically strengthened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002106 nanomesh Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
- G06F3/0446—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
- G06F3/0444—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a single conductive element covering the whole sensing surface, e.g. by sensing the electrical current flowing at the corners
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
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- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0414—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using force sensing means to determine a position
- G06F3/04142—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using force sensing means to determine a position the force sensing means being located peripherally, e.g. disposed at the corners or at the side of a touch sensing plate
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
- G06F3/0443—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a single layer of sensing electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/96—Touch switches
- H03K17/962—Capacitive touch switches
- H03K17/9622—Capacitive touch switches using a plurality of detectors, e.g. keyboard
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/20—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators
- H10N30/206—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators using only longitudinal or thickness displacement, e.g. d33 or d31 type devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
- H10N30/857—Macromolecular compositions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
- H03K2217/96—Touch switches
- H03K2217/96062—Touch switches with tactile or haptic feedback
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
- H03K2217/96—Touch switches
- H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
- H03K2217/960735—Capacitive touch switches characterised by circuit details
- H03K2217/960745—Capacitive differential; e.g. comparison with reference capacitance
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
- H03K2217/96—Touch switches
- H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
- H03K2217/960755—Constructional details of capacitive touch and proximity switches
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Position Input By Displaying (AREA)
Description
本發明係主張關於2012年03月23日申請之韓國專利案號No.10-2012-0029646之優先權。藉以引用的方式併入本文用作參考。
本發明係關於一種觸控面版。
根據習知技術,電阻式觸控面板與電容式觸控面板只能輕易地辨識碰觸位置的資訊,但當整個螢幕被碰觸時無法辨識碰觸的強度或力道。此外,由於觸控面板被設置在顯示器頂端,結構會變得複雜而且顯示的能見度會被降低。因此,研究及論文顯示觸控面板已朝向使用現有方法以外的壓電(piezoelectric)元件。
由於壓電元件有轉換機械訊號如壓力至電子訊號的屬性,壓電元件已被延伸用作為感測器如壓力感測器或超聲波感測器。
然而,當電子設備已被廣泛地應用,使用者對使用具有各種功能的電子設備有著各種需求。因此,藉由提供各種回饋來盡可能地增加使用者的經驗是有必要的,如觸控面板被碰觸時之觸覺回饋或部份觸覺回饋。
本發明實施例提供一種能夠實現特殊觸覺的觸控面板。
根據本實施例,係提供一觸控面板,包含:一基板,其包含一有效區域及一圍繞該有效區域的虛設區域;一透明電極,位於該基板上;以及一位於該虛設區域的外部虛設層,其中該外部虛設層包含壓電材料。
根據本發明實施例的觸控面板包含多個含有壓電材料的外部虛設層。外部虛設層可根據壓電材料的顏色而有各種顏色。
外部虛設層可根據壓力辨認出碰觸壓力的密度以提供各種
觸覺。也就是說,外部虛設層可產生壓電效應。
因此,根據通過外部虛設層的碰觸壓力,由於產生在觸控點上的電壓,所以可以偵測到壓力的密度和位置。
由於該些外部虛設層,用以提供振動力的一分離壓電層可以被省略,所以可以達到厚度的降低。此外,可利用使用者之碰觸壓力(touch pressure)的經驗來最佳化。也就是說,碰觸壓力(touch pressure)的精確度可藉由透過該外部虛設層來執行在一觸控面板的觸覺回饋以及藉由使用者之手感(feeling of textures)經驗來得到改善。詳細而言,顯示在一顯示裝置的物體(object)可具有粗糙度或柔性度。
另外,提供多個外部虛設層以使觸覺可以被壓印在多個部份區域。從多個部份區域XL、XR、YL及YR可以產生相互不同的觸覺回饋。因此。因此重疊上下左右面四個表面的振動可以表現各種觸覺。此外,由於部份的振動交互作用,點擊(beats)可被感應到產生觸感(tactile senses)的一表面,且可產生各種不同的振動型態(patterns)。
另外,當輸入工具如手指碰觸基板的表面時,電壓及刺激頻率發生變化,外部虛設層產生超聲波使得基板會振動。由於基板的振動,介於手指及基板間的空氣層壓力會改變。此外,空氣層的黏度會發生變化以產生觸覺,並可提供獨特的觸覺。也就是說,當被碰觸時,由調整刺激頻率特性可以提供空氣層的振動黏度及壓力特性變化所造成的觸覺。
進一步,流動的方向可由振動流來表現。也就是說,動態觸覺可由產生順序或外部虛設層的複合流動來表現。因此,使用者可從觸控面板的螢幕透過觸覺感覺到圖形物體的方向性或動態狀態。因此,可透過觸控面板提供保齡球或籃球遊戲。
此外,由於觸覺致動器形成在虛設區域DA上,觸覺致動器不會在觸控面板上產生光學或電子特性影響,使得觸控面板的可靠度可以提高。
10‧‧‧觸控面板
100‧‧‧基板
200‧‧‧外部虛設層
200a‧‧‧標誌
201‧‧‧第一外部虛設層
202‧‧‧第二外部虛設層
203‧‧‧第三外部虛設層
220‧‧‧外部虛設層
300‧‧‧保護層
400‧‧‧透明電極
420‧‧‧第一透明電極
440‧‧‧第二透明電極
420a,440a‧‧‧感測元件
420b,440b‧‧‧連接元件
460‧‧‧絕緣層
500‧‧‧導線
AA‧‧‧有效區域
AL‧‧‧空氣層
DA‧‧‧虛設區域
G‧‧‧間隔
V‧‧‧振動
圖1係根據第一個實施例繪示觸控面板的平面圖。
圖2係圖1中A部份的放大平面圖。
圖3係圖1中B部份的放大平面圖。
圖4係圖1中沿著II-II線截取的剖面圖。
圖5及圖6係根據實施例驅動觸控面板的示意圖。
圖7係根據第二個實施例繪示觸控面板的剖面圖。
在各實施例的說明中,當一層(或膜)被提到在另一層或基板上時,可直接位在另一層或基板上,或出現干擾層。而當一層被提到在另一層下時,可以直接位在另一層下及出現至少一干擾層。此外,當一層被提到介於兩層之間時,它會是兩層之間唯一的一層,或者出現至少一干擾層。
為了方便或清楚起見,圖示中所示的每層厚度及尺寸會被誇大、省略或概要的繪製。此外,元件的尺寸並非完全反映實際尺寸。
以下,將依照參考附圖來說明實施例。
首先,根據第一個實施例的觸控面板將參照圖1至圖6來詳細說明。
圖1係根據第一個實施例繪示一觸控面板的平面圖。圖2係圖1中A部份的放大平面圖。圖3係圖1中B部份的放大平面圖。圖4係圖1中沿著II-II線截取的剖面圖。圖5及圖6係根據實施例驅動一觸控面板的示意圖。
參照圖4,根據第一個實施例的觸控面板10包含一有效區域AA用以偵測輸入裝置的位置,而虛設區域DA設置在有效區域AA外圍。
用以偵測輸入裝置的透明電極400可形成在有效區域AA上。此外,導線500與透明電極400及印刷電路板(未繪示)連接,將導線500連接到形成在虛設區域DA上的一外部電路(未繪示)。外部虛設層200形成在虛設區域DA上,而標誌200a形成在外部虛設層200上。接下來,將詳細說明具有以上結構的觸控面板10。
基板100可設置在觸控面板10的最上部。
基板100可為透明。基板100可為玻璃基板包含鹼玻璃(alkli
glass)如鈉玻璃(soda glass)或矽酸硼璁璃(silicon acid boron glass)、無鹼玻璃或化學強化玻璃。此外,第一基板100可包含聚酯纖維膜(polyster film)如透明聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethyleneterephthalate)或聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylenenaphthalate,PEN)、聚酰亞胺膜(polyimide film)具有阻熱性及透明度,或具有透明特性的複合聚合物如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(polymethylmethacrylate)或聚碳酸酯(polycarbonate)。
保護膜或防指紋塗層更可被設置在基板100上。
根據材料,基板100的厚度可在100μm至700μm的範圍內。
輸入裝置如筆或手指可在基板100的表面上碰觸。
外部虛設層200可設置在基板100的底部表面。外部虛設層200可設置在透明電極400上。
參照圖2,外部虛設層200沿著虛設區域DA設置。外部虛設層200可包含多個外部虛設層200。例如,外部虛設層200可包含第一外部虛設層201、第二外部虛設層202及第三外部虛設層203。第一外部虛設層201、第二外部虛設層202及第三外部虛設層203沿著虛設區域DA延伸。外部虛設層200可用作單一的觸覺致動器。也就是說,外部虛設層200可當作壓力辨識層。
第一外部虛設層201、第二外部虛設層202及第三外部虛設層203彼此分開設置。位於第一外部虛設層201與第二外部虛設層202間的間隔G為3μm或更少。詳細地說,位於第一外部虛設層201與第二外部虛設層202間的間隔G的範圍在0.1μm至3μm間。間隔G可不被肉眼察覺,使得使用者無法察覺第一外部虛設層201與第二外部虛設層202間的空隙。因此,外部虛設層200可被視為一個區域而非複數個層。
外部虛設層200包含壓電材料。也就是說,外部虛設層200包含壓電聚合物材料。例如,外部虛設層200可包含聚偏二氟乙烯(polyvinylidene fluoride,PVDF)。然而本實施例不限於此。亦即,外部虛設層200可包含各種聚合物材料,例如聚四氟乙烯(polytetrafluoroethylene,PTFE)。
參照圖4,外部虛設層200繪示為單一層,但本實施例不限於此。因此,外部虛設層200可包含複數層,而其中一層包含壓電材料。也就是說,外部虛設層200由兩階段或三階段印刷形成,而其中一印刷層可形成為壓電層。
外部虛設層200可具有預定顏色使得在虛設區域DA的導線500及印刷電路板不會從外面被看見。外部虛設層200可具有適合外部虛設層200外觀的預定顏色。例如,外部虛設層200可包含黑色顏料來呈現黑色。更進一步,外部虛設層200的顏色可根據壓電材料以各種方法形成。此外,預定標誌200a(如圖1所示)可由各種方法形成在外部虛設層200上。
外部虛設層200可根據由壓力辨識所得到的碰觸壓力密度而提供各種的觸覺。也就是說,外部虛設層200可產生壓電效應。壓電效應是指當壓力施加在一物體上產生電壓,而當電壓施加在該物體上時,該物體膨脹或收縮的現象。
也就是說,壓力的密度及位置可由碰觸壓力經過外部虛設層在碰觸點產生的電壓而被偵測到。
由於該些外部虛設層200,用以提供振動力的一分離壓電層可以被省略,所以可以達到厚度的降低。此外,可利用使用者之碰觸壓力(touch pressure)的經驗來最佳化。也就是說,碰觸壓力(touch pressure)的精確度可藉由透過該外部虛設層200來執行在一觸控面板的觸覺回饋以及藉由使用者之手感(feeling of textures)經驗來得到改善。詳細而言,顯示在一顯示裝置的物體(object)可具有粗糙度或柔性度。
參照圖5,提供多個外部虛設層200使得觸覺可被壓印(impress)在多個部份區域。從多個部份區域XL、XR、YL及YR可產生相互不同的觸覺回饋。因此,重疊上下左右四面的振動可呈現各種觸覺。此外,由於部份的振動交互作用,點擊(beats)可被感應到產生觸感(tactile senses)的一表面,且可產生各種不同的振動型態(patterns)。
參照圖6,當輸入裝置如手指碰觸基板100的表面時,電壓和刺激頻率發生變化,而外部虛設層200產生超聲波使得基板100振動。介於手指與基板100間的空氣層AL的壓力由於基板100的振動V而產生
變化。此外,空氣層AL的黏度發生變化而生成觸覺,以提供一獨特觸覺。也就是說,當被碰觸時,由調整刺激頻率特性可以生成空氣層AL的黏度及壓力特性變化所造成的觸覺。
更進一步地說,移動的方向性可以由振動流來呈現。也就是說,動態觸覺可由產生順序或外部虛設層200的複合流動來表現。因此,使用者可從觸控面板的螢幕透過觸覺感覺到圖形物體的方向性或動態狀態。因此,可透過觸控面板提供保齡球或籃球遊戲。
此外,由於觸覺致動器形成在虛設區域DA上,觸覺致動器不會在觸控面板上產生光學或電子特性影響,使得觸控面板的可靠度可以提高。
外部虛設層200可由圖案化壓電膜而形成。例如,外部虛設層200可由雷射刻劃或模壓壓電膜來形成圖案,其為熔融擠出(melt-extruding)PVDF粉末後拉長及偏振(polarizing)PVDF粉末形成。
透明電極400形成在基板100上。透明電極400具有各種適合偵測輸入裝置如手指的形狀。
例如,如圖3所示,透明電極400可包含第一透明電極420及第二透明電極440。第一透明電極420往第一方向延伸。第二透明電極440往第二方向延伸與第一方向交叉。
第一透明電極420及第二透明電極440可包含感測元件420a及440a來偵測輸入裝置的碰觸,如手指,而連接元件420b及440b分別用以連接感測元件420a及440a。
當俯視時,第一感測元件420a及第二感測元件440a具有鑽石形狀,但本實施例並非限定於此。因此,從俯視時,第一感測元件420a及第二感測元件440a具有各種形狀如多邊形、圓形或橢圓形。
第一透明電極420的第一連接元件420b在第一方向(圖中橫向)上連接第一感測元件420a,而第二透明電極440的第二連接元件440b在第二方向(圖中縱向)上連接第二感測元件440a。
絕緣層460設置在第一透明電極420的第一連接元件420b與第二透明電極440的第二連接元件440b的交叉點以防止第一透明電極
420及第二透明電極440的電性短路。
絕緣層460可以透明絕緣材料形成,以將第一連接元件420b與第二連接元件440b互相絕緣。
根據本實施例,例如,第一透明電極420的感測元件420a及第二透明電極440的感測元件440a排列在同一平面如一單一層。因此,可減少透明導電材料的使用,並可降低觸控面板10的厚度可以降低。
以此方式,輸入裝置如手指碰觸觸控面板10時,電容變化發生在輸入裝置被碰觸的部份,所以具有電容變化的部份可被決定為接觸位置。
透明電極400可包含一透明導電材料以使電力之流動不會干擾光線的傳播。透明電極400可包含具有高導電性及在可見光帶有至少80%以上透光性的材料。例如,透明電極400包含氧化材料如銦錫氧化(indium tin oxide,ITO)膜、銦鋅氧化(indium zinc oxide,IZO)膜及氧化鋅膜。此外,透明電極400可包含碳奈米管(carbon nano tube,CNT)、銀奈米導線、石墨烯(graphene)或奈米網(nano-mesh)。
根據材料,透明電極400的厚度可在10nm至50nm的範圍內。
透明電極400可由透明電極400的沈積物質形成在基板100上。例如,銦錫氧化層可在基板100的整個底部表面上以濺渡方式(sputtering scheme)形成。由光微影技術塗覆光阻劑在本領域中為眾所周知,而曝光及顯影技術用以形成所需的圖案,其中在較低層形成的銦錫氧化層被暴露出來。然後,暴露出的銦錫氧化層使用光阻劑作為蝕刻掩模被蝕刻液所蝕刻。蝕刻液包含羧酸溶液(arboxylic acid solution)、氯化鐵溶液(ferric chloride solution)、氫溴酸水溶液(hydrobromic acid solution)、氫碘酸水溶液(hydriodic acid solution)、或王水溶液(aqua regia solution)。接著,移除光阻劑,形成具有圖案的透明電極400。然而本實施例並非限定於此,透明電極400可藉由各種技術如印刷法或層壓法(laminating process)形成。
與透明電極400電性連接的導線500設置在透明電極400的一側。導線500可包含具高導電性的金屬。導線500可包含具有片電阻
值為0.4Ω/sq或以下的材料。例如,導線500可包含白金、金、銀、鋁或銅。導線500可包含鉻、鉬或鎳以增加附著度。也就是說,導線500可包含至少一層。導線500可具有的厚度在100nm至2000nm的範圍內。
雖然未繪示於圖示中,與導線500連結的印刷電路板(未繪示)可進一步被包含在其中。各種型態的印刷電路板都可用作印刷電路板。例如,軟性電路板(FPCB)可用作印刷電路板。
然後,金屬材料形成並被蝕刻液蝕刻使得導線500的圖案得以形成。蝕刻液可以是磷酸(phosphoric acid)、硝酸(nitric acid)、乙酸(acetic acid)的混合溶液。然而,本實施例不限於此,導線500可由各種技術形成如印刷法或層壓法。
用以保護透明電極400及導線500的保護層300可被進一步包含在其中。
以下,根據第二實施例的觸控面板將以圖7來說明。為了方便及清楚起見,與第一實施例相同或類似的元素將被省略,只有不同的部份會被詳加說明。
圖7為根據第二實施例繪示的觸控面板剖面圖。
根據第二實施例的觸控面板20中,外部虛設層220被設置在透明電極420及基板100之間。也就是說,外部虛設層220可設置在基板100上,而透明電極420可設置在外部虛設層220及基板100上。因此可以確認觸控面板的各種結構。
在本說明書中的任何參考文獻對一實施例、實施例、示範實施例等表示特定特徵、結構或特性都被包含在本發明之至少一實施例中。在本說明書中各個地方出現這類的句子不一定都指向相同的實施例。此外,當一特定特徵、結構或特性與任何實施例結合說明時,熟習本領域的技術人員可用其他實施例來實現相同的特徵、結構或特性來達到相同的效果。
雖然已經參考了一些示範實例來說明其中的實施例,熟習本領域的技術人員可以設計出許多在本領域及範圍內的其他修改方法和實施例。更具體地說,本揭露內容、圖示及附屬請求項範圍的物件組合配置中
元件及/或配置的各種變化及修改都是可能的。除了組成元件及/或配置的變化和修改,替代用途對熟習本領域的技術人員是顯而易見的。
10‧‧‧觸控面板
100‧‧‧基板
200‧‧‧外部虛設層
300‧‧‧保護層
400‧‧‧透明電極
500‧‧‧導線
AA‧‧‧有效區域
DA‧‧‧虛設區域
Claims (12)
- 一種觸控面板,包含:一基板,包含一有效區域及一繞圍於該有效區域的虛設區域;一透明電極,位於該基板上;以及一外部虛設層,位於該虛設區域上,其中該外部虛設區域包含壓電材料,其中該外部虛設層包含一第一外部虛設層及一第二外部虛設層,其中該第一外部虛設層及該第二外部虛設層彼此分開,該第一外部虛設層及該第二外部虛設層間的一間隔範圍在0.1μm至3μm之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之觸控面板,其中該第一外部虛設層及該第二外部虛設層皆沿著該虛設區域延伸。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之觸控面板,更包含一第三外部虛設層沿著該虛設區域設置在該第二外部虛設層旁。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之觸控面板,其中該外部虛設層包含壓電聚合物材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之觸控面板,其中該外部虛設層包含聚偏二氟乙烯(polyvinylidene fluoride,PVDF)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之觸控面板,其中該外部虛設層設置在該透明電極及該基板之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之觸控面板,其中該透明電極設置在該基板及該外部虛設層之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之觸控面板,其中該外部虛設層設置在該透明電極上。
- 一種觸控面板,包含: 一基板,包含一有效區域及一圍繞在該有效區域的虛設區域;一透明電極位於該基板上;以及一壓力識別層位於該虛設區域,其中該壓力識別層包含一第一壓力識別層及一第二壓力識別層沿著該虛設區域設置,其中該第二壓力識別層與該第一壓力識別層間隔放置,而該第一識別層及該第二識別層之間的一間隔之範圍在0.1μm至3μm之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之觸控面板,更包含一第三壓力識別層沿著該虛設區域設置在該第二識別層旁。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之觸控面板,其中該第二壓力識別層及該第三壓力識別層彼此隔開。
- 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之觸控面板,其中該壓力識別層包含一壓電材料。
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CN104205024B (zh) | 2018-05-04 |
US20150090572A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
WO2013141634A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
US9831871B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
KR101886287B1 (ko) | 2018-09-11 |
TW201351233A (zh) | 2013-12-16 |
CN104205024A (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
KR20130107681A (ko) | 2013-10-02 |
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