TWI438170B - 氧化鋁陶瓷 - Google Patents

氧化鋁陶瓷 Download PDF

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TWI438170B
TWI438170B TW098121906A TW98121906A TWI438170B TW I438170 B TWI438170 B TW I438170B TW 098121906 A TW098121906 A TW 098121906A TW 98121906 A TW98121906 A TW 98121906A TW I438170 B TWI438170 B TW I438170B
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alumina
alumina ceramic
light
ceramic
mass
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TW201014814A (en
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Makoto Ida
Fumio Ishida
Yoshiaki Teraishi
Takuya Yamashita
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Nippon Carbide Kogyo Kk
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Description

氧化鋁陶瓷
本發明係關於一種光反射性優異之氧化鋁陶瓷。
自先前以來,作為用於收納高亮度之發光二極體(LED,Light Emitting Diode)、半導體雷射(LD,Laser Diode)等發光元件之發光元件收納用封裝體(以下亦簡稱為封裝體),使用陶瓷製之封裝體。
先前之陶瓷製封裝體具備:搭載發光元件之基體、以及設置於基體上且具有貫穿孔之框體。於基體上設置有用於自外部進行通電之配電導體,發光元件藉由接線與該配電導體電性連接。而且,自外部經由配電導體與接線使發光元件通電而發光,所發出之光直接朝外部射出、或者於基體之表面或框體之貫穿孔之內周面上反射後朝外部射出。因此,基體之表面及框體之貫穿孔內周面的形狀與組成會對發光裝置之發光效率造成極大之影響。
作為如上述之發光裝置之框體,已知有包含反射率較高之金屬者。於此情形時,由於包含陶瓷之基體與包含金屬之框體的熱膨脹係數不同,因此存在因自發光元件所產生之熱而導致框體自基體上剝離之現象。又,為了防止此種剝離,於陶瓷製之框體上披覆有金屬鍍敷材料者亦為人所知(例如參照專利文獻1)。作為反射率較高之鍍敷材料,已知有Ag,於此情形時,於波長約為460nm之光中,相對於硫酸鋇之反射率,Ag之反射率約為90%。然而,Ag對於波長約為460nm以下之光的反射率較低,於250nm~800nm之範圍內之平均反射率為77%。
先行技術文獻 專利文獻
專利文獻1:日本專利特開2004-228531號公報
如上所述,對於先前之陶瓷製之封裝體而言,即使於陶瓷表面披覆金屬鍍敷材料,亦難以獲得充分之光反射性能。
本發明係鑒於上述情況研究而成者,其目的在於提供一種未於陶瓷上披覆金屬鍍敷材料而光反射性能優異之氧化鋁陶瓷。尤其係提供一種對於波長為300~400nm之光的反射率優異之氧化鋁陶瓷。又,本發明提供一種光反射性能優異之發光元件用光反射材料。
本發明者等人為達成上述目的而努力研究,結果發現含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷具有優異之光反射性能。特別是發現若於X射線繞射中以使繞射角度(2θ)43.3°之峰值與繞射角度(2θ)22.5°之峰值的強度比(前者/後者)成為0.5~2.5之範圍之方式,使氧化鋁陶瓷中含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相,則該氧化鋁陶瓷顯現出優異之光反射性能。即,發現於X射線繞射中,由鋼玉(Al2 O3 )相所產生之繞射角度(2θ)43.3°之峰值與由Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相所產生之繞射角度(2θ)22.5°之峰值的強度比為0.5~2.5之範圍之氧化鋁陶瓷的光反射性能優異。
又,本發明者等人發現於含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷中,Ba與Si之莫耳比(Ba/Si)處於8/1~8/12之範圍內的氧化鋁陶瓷對於波長為300~400nm之光之反射率優異。
本發明之含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷係具有優異之光反射性能者。進而,為了使繞射角度(2θ)43.3°之峰值與繞射角度(20)22.5°之峰值的強度比於X射線繞射中達到0.5~2.5之範圍,而含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷顯現出特別優異之光反射性能。又,本發明之氧化鋁陶瓷係對於波長為300~400nm之光之反射率特別優異者。
本發明之含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷可藉由對包含氧化鋁(Al2 O3 )、二氧化矽(SiO2 )以及鋇化合物之原料進行煅燒而製作。
作為上述氧化鋁,較好的是使用平均粒徑為5μm以下者。若考慮氧化鋁陶瓷之光反射性能或可撓性、製造時之燒結性等,特別好的是使用平均粒徑為0.1~3μm之氧化鋁。
又,於本發明之氧化鋁陶瓷之製造中,為了對上述之光反射性能或可撓性、燒結性進行調整,可根據所需將具有不同之平均粒徑之複數種氧化鋁加以混合而使用。例如,作為平均粒徑不同之兩種氧化鋁之組合,可列舉平均粒徑分別為3μm與0.2μm、3μm與0.3μm、3μm與0.4μm、3μm與0.5μm、3μm與0.6μm、2μm與0.2μm、2μm與0.3μm、2μm與0.4μm、2μm與0.5μm、2μm與0.6m之組合等,但並不限定於該等,亦可組合三種以上。於使用平均粒徑不同之兩種氧化鋁之情形時,基於大粒徑氧化鋁/小粒徑氧化鋁之重量份數之調配比較好的是100/1~60/40。特別是為了獲得藉由混合不同之平均粒徑之氧化鋁所產生之效果,基於大粒徑氧化鋁/小粒徑氧化鋁之重量份數之調配比較好的是85/15~65/35,更好的是80/20~70/30。
作為本發明之氧化鋁陶瓷之製作中所使用之二氧化矽,較好的是使用平均粒徑為1μm以下者。特別是為了降低氧化鋁陶瓷之吸濕性,較好的是使用平均粒徑為0.1~0.7μm之二氧化矽,更好的是平均粒徑為0.3~0.6μm之二氧化矽。
作為本發明之氧化鋁陶瓷之製作中所使用之鋇化合物,並無特別限定,可列舉氫化鋇、氟化鋇、氫氧化鋇、氧化鋇、氯化鋇、碳酸鋇、硫酸鋇、硝酸鋇等,其中較好的是氧化鋇、碳酸鋇,特別好的是碳酸鋇。上述鋇化合物較好的是使用平均粒徑為1.0~2.0μm者。
本發明之氧化鋁陶瓷之製作中所使用之氧化鋁(Al2 O3 )、二氧化矽(SiO2 )、鋇化合物(換算為BaO)之基於重量份數之調配比較好的是(BaO+SiO2 )/(Al2 O3 )=4/96~24/76之範圍。
又,本發明之氧化鋁陶瓷之製作中所使用之鋇化合物(換算為BaO)與二氧化矽(SiO2 )之基於重量份數之調配比較好的是BaO/SiO2 =8/1~8/12。
進而,為了製作對於波長為300~400nm之光的反射率優異之氧化鋁陶瓷,較好的是以使原料燒結後之氧化鋁陶瓷中之Ba與Si之莫耳比(Ba/Si)達到8/1~8/12的方式來調配鋇化合物及二氧化矽,更好的是使上述莫耳比達到8/3~8/12。
本發明之氧化鋁陶瓷之製造方法並無特別限定,可使用眾所周知之方法。例如可藉由如下之生胚片材法來製作:於上述之包含氧化鋁、二氧化矽、鋇化合物之原料中添加混合適當之黏合劑、溶劑等來使其成為漿料狀,繼而以刮刀法或砑光輥法等將該漿料狀之原料製成生胚片材,其後於高溫(1400℃~1600℃)下進行煅燒。又,亦可藉由將原料粉體填充至成型機中進行壓密成型後,對成型體進行煅燒之粉體成型法來製作。於需獲得板狀之陶瓷燒結體時,較好的是藉由生胚片材法來製造。
以下,對本發明之含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷之使用粉體成型法之製造方法的一例加以說明。
首先,於將氧化鋁、二氧化矽、鋇化合物分別粉碎成既定大小而製作原料粉末後,稱量該等原料粉末以使其達到上述之調配比,然後於其中添加黏合樹脂、潤滑劑及溶劑加以混合而獲得漿料。上述原料之粉碎與原料粉末等之混合例如可使用球磨機。再者,粉碎步驟可適宜省略。
作為上述黏合樹脂,例如可使用丙烯酸系、PVA(polyvinyl alcohol,聚乙烯醇)系等黏合樹脂。又,漿料固形物中之黏合樹脂的含量較好的是0.5質量%~5.0質量%,更好的是1.5質量%~3.5質量%。若漿料固形物中之黏合樹脂之量較多,則於造粒原料粉末時粒子變硬而導致其易於產生疏密。又,若黏合樹脂之量較少,則粉末成型品之強度變弱。
作為上述潤滑劑,例如可使用硬脂酸乳液,漿料固形物中之潤滑劑含量較好的是0.05質量%~0.5質量%,更好的是0.1質量%~0.3質量%。
作為上述溶劑,例如可使用水。溶劑之使用量較好的是20~80質量%,更好的是40~60質量%。
繼而,對漿料加以乾燥後進行造粒,直至原料粉末之粒子之大小適合於粉末成型機中成型為止。於製造粒子時例如可使用噴霧乾燥機。所製造之粒子之粒徑較好的是25μm~200μm,更好的是30μm~150μm。使用篩子等對實施過造粒處理之粉末進行分級。於粉末成型時,若粒子過大,則於模具中之填充性變差,若粒子過細,則粒子易於進入模具之間隙中而產生毛邊。
其次,將造粒後之原料粉末填充至模具中,於常溫下施加壓力使其成型。此時,對粉末所施加之壓力較好的是0.5t/cm2 ~2.0t/cm2 ,更好的是0.7t/cm2 ~1.5t/cm2
利用煅燒爐對藉由上述成型而得之成型體進行煅燒。煅燒之溫度條件較好的是1400℃~1600℃。煅燒係適宜選擇適合於製作含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷的上升至煅燒溫度的升溫速度、煅燒時間、自煅燒溫度起之冷卻速度等來進行。若列舉一例,則首先將上述成型體於600℃下保持8小時,繼而耗時8小時升溫至1600℃並於1600℃下保持2小時後,耗時6小時放置冷卻。於煅燒後,使用滾筒研磨機等進行研磨以根據所需去除毛邊等。
以上述方式可製作本發明之含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷。
又,對本發明之含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷的使用生胚片材法之製造方法之一例加以說明。
於將氧化鋁、二氧化矽、鋇化合物分別粉碎成既定之大小而製作原料粉末後,對該等原料粉末進行稱量以使其達到上述之調配比,然後於其中添加溶劑、黏合樹脂、分散劑、塑化劑等進行混練,藉此獲得漿料。上述原料之粉碎與原料粉末等之混練例如可使用球磨機。
作為上述黏合樹脂,例如可使用丙烯酸系、PVB(polyvinyl butyral,聚乙烯丁醛)系等黏合樹脂。又,漿料固形物中之黏合樹脂的含量較好的是4.0質量%~20質量%,更好的是6.0質量%~8.0質量%。
作為上述分散劑,可使用各種界面活性劑,漿料固形物中之分散劑的含量較好的是0.1質量%~1.0質量%,更好的是0.3質量%~0.5質量%。
作為上述塑化劑,例如可使用DOP(Diocty lPhthalate,鄰苯二甲酸二辛酯)、DBP(Dlbutyl Phthalate,鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯)等,漿料固形物中之塑化劑的含量較好的是3.0質量%~15質量%,更好的是4.0質量~6.0質量%。
作為上述溶劑,例如可使用醇或甲苯等,較理想的是使溶劑之使用量達到漿料固形物總量之70質量%~80質量%。又,漿料之黏度較好的是達到3000cps~30000cps,更好的是達到10000cps~20000cps。
繼而,使所獲得之漿料流入至塗佈有脫模劑之膜中,藉由乾燥使溶劑蒸發。於此情形時,乾燥溫度較好的是80℃~130℃,更好的是100℃~120℃。又,較好的是將乾燥速度設為0.2m/min~2.0m/min。
其後,將膜剝離則生成生胚片材。利用加壓成型機將該生胚片材衝壓成所需之形狀,然後於煅燒爐中進行煅燒。於此情形時,較好的是將煅燒溫度設為1400℃~1600℃。煅燒係適宜選擇適合於製作含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷的上升至煅燒溫度的升溫速度、煅燒時間、自煅燒溫度起之冷卻速度等來進行。若列舉一例,則首先將上述生胚片材於600℃下保持8小時,繼而耗時8小時升溫至1600℃並於1600℃下保持2小時後,耗時6小時放置冷卻。於煅燒後,可根據所需使用噴砂研磨機等進行研磨。
以上述方式可製作本發明之含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷。
本發明之氧化鋁陶瓷中之Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之存在可藉由利用下述之[X射線繞射測定方法]測定X射線繞射來確認。又,本發明之氧化鋁陶瓷之光反射性能係利用下述之[反射率測定方法]來評價者。
[X射線繞射測定方法]
X射線繞射係使用Spectris公司製造之X射線繞射裝置X'pert PRO,根據JIS 1481之石棉定性分析條件來進行測定。測定條件如下。測定結果與ICDD(International Centre for Diffraction Data,國際繞射資料中心)之參考資料進行比較,從而確認Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之存在。
測定條件
X射線對陰極 Cu
管電壓(kV) 40
管電流(mA) 40
掃描速度 0.02°×10秒
單色化(去除Kβ線) 鎳濾鏡(Ni-Filter)
掃描範圍(°、2θ) 5~80
發散狹縫(°) 1
[反射率測定方法]
反射率係使用日立製作所製造之分光光度計U-4000來進行測定。根據JIS K7105來求出鏡面反射與擴散反射之和的波長依存性。使用氧化鋁作為標準白板,將該標準白板之反射率設為100%,並使用相對值對各資料之反射率進行評價。
本發明之含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷可用作發光元件搭載用基板、或者使自發光元件放射出之光反射之框體等之發光元件用反射材料。
實施例
以下,基於實施例對本發明之含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相之氧化鋁陶瓷之製作方法加以說明,但本發明並不限定於該等實施例。
[實施例1]
將89重量份之住友化學公司製造之高純度氧化鋁「AES-12(平均粒徑為0.4μm)」(純度為99.5%)、8重量份之日本化學公司製造之高純度碳酸鋇「LSR(平均粒徑為1.4μm)」、3重量份之信越石英公司製造之二氧化矽微粒子「SO-C2(平均粒徑為0.5μm)」、3重量份之大日本油墨公司製造之黏合劑「NCB-156」及0.1重量份之中京油脂公司製造之潤滑劑「Selosol 920」加以調配後添加水,然後於球磨機中進行混合,藉此獲得漿料。繼而,藉由110℃之溫度條件乾燥後進行造粒,並使用孔徑為25μm及150μm之篩子將微細粒子及粗大粒子去除。
將該造粒物填充至框體用模具中,使用三研精機公司製造之10t加壓機於室溫下施加1t/cm2 之壓力來使其成型,獲得框體形狀物。然後將該框體形狀物於1550℃下煅燒2小時,製成氧化鋁陶瓷製框體。
[實施例2]
將68.8重量份之住友化學公司製造之低鈉氧化鋁(low soda alumina)「ALM-42E(平均粒徑為2.0μm)」(純度為99.9%)、17.2重量份之住友化學公司製造之高純度氧化鋁「AES-12(平均粒徑為0.4μm)」(純度為99.5%)、8重量份之日本化學公司製造之高純度碳酸鋇「LSR(平均粒徑為1.4μm)」、6重量份之信越石英公司製造之二氧化矽微粒子「SO-C2(平均粒徑為0.5μm)」、作為黏合劑之4重量份之積水化學公司製造之丁醛樹脂「BLS」與4重量份之積水化學公司製造之「BL-SZ」、作為塑化劑之4重量份之「DOP」及作為潤滑劑之0.5重量份之去水山梨醇倍半油酸酯加以調配,並於其中添加30重量份之甲苯/乙醇混合溶劑(重量比為50/50),然後於球磨機中混合48小時,藉此獲得漿料。繼而,將漿料塗佈於脫模PET(polyethylene terephthalate,聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯)膜上,於110℃之溫度條件下乾燥後將膜剝離而獲得生胚片材。將該生胚片材衝壓成任意形狀,於1600℃下煅燒2小時,藉此製成氧化鋁陶瓷製基板。
[實施例3]
除使用60.2重量份之低鈉氧化鋁「ALM-42E(平均粒徑為2.0μm)」(純度為99.9%)及25.8重量份之高純度氧化鋁「AES-12(平均粒徑為0.4μm)」(純度為99.5%)作為氧化鋁以外,以與實施例2相同之方式製作氧化鋁陶瓷製基板。
[實施例4]
除使用86重量份之低鈉氧化鋁「ALM-42E(平均粒徑為2.0μm)」(純度為99.9%)作為氧化鋁以外,以與實施例2相同之方式製作氧化鋁陶瓷製基板。
[X射線繞射之測定]
根據上述之X射線繞射測定方法對實施例1及2中製作之氧化鋁陶瓷製框體及氧化鋁陶瓷製基板進行X射線繞射測定。將其結果示於圖1及圖2。由圖1及圖2可了解,本發明之包含氧化鋁陶瓷之框體及陶瓷基板於繞射角度(2θ)22.5°之位置上存在峰值,從而確認其含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相。又,實施例1及2之氧化鋁陶瓷之由鋼玉(Al2 O3 )相所產生之繞射角度(2θ)43.3°之峰值與上述繞射角度(2θ)22.5°之峰值的強度比分別為2.0及1.1。再者,將ICDD卡號01-088-1050中所記載之Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相所示之X射線繞射圖案示於圖4,將ICDD卡號01-070-7049中所記載之鋼玉(Al2 O3 )相所示之X射線繞射圖案示於圖5。
[反射率之測定]
根據上述之反射率測定方法對實施例1~4中所製作之氧化鋁陶瓷製框體及氧化鋁陶瓷製基板之反射率進行測定。又,對作為比較例1之北陸陶瓷公司製造之氧化鋁基板(氧化鋁純度為96%)之反射率進行測定。將其結果示於圖3。
圖1係實施例1之本發明之氧化鋁陶瓷之X射線繞射圖案;
圖2係實施例2之本發明之氧化鋁陶瓷之X射線繞射圖案;
圖3係表示對實施例1~4之本發明之氧化鋁陶瓷及比較例1之先前之氧化鋁基板測定各波長之光之反射率之結果的圖;
圖4係表示ICDD卡號01-088-1050中所記載之Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相所示之X射線繞射圖案;及
圖5係表示ICDD卡號01-070-7049中所記載之鋼玉(Al2 O3 )相所示之X射線繞射圖案。

Claims (4)

  1. 一種氧化鋁陶瓷,其特徵在於含有Ba0.808 Al1.71 Si2.29 O8 相。
  2. 如請求項1之氧化鋁陶瓷,其中於X射線繞射中,繞射角度(2θ)43.3°之峰值與繞射角度(2θ)22.5°之峰值的強度比(前者/後者)為0.5~2.5。
  3. 如請求項1或2之氧化鋁陶瓷,其中氧化鋁陶瓷中之Ba與Si之莫耳比(Ba/Si)為8/1~8/12。
  4. 一種發光元件用光反射材料,其使用有如請求項1至3中任一項之氧化鋁陶瓷。
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