TWI407943B - 人工水晶體 - Google Patents

人工水晶體 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI407943B
TWI407943B TW097107792A TW97107792A TWI407943B TW I407943 B TWI407943 B TW I407943B TW 097107792 A TW097107792 A TW 097107792A TW 97107792 A TW97107792 A TW 97107792A TW I407943 B TWI407943 B TW I407943B
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optical element
edge
iol
thickness
loop
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TW097107792A
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TW200913973A (en
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Drew Morgan
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Alcon Res Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
    • A61F2/16—Intraocular lenses
    • A61F2/1613—Intraocular lenses having special lens configurations, e.g. multipart lenses; having particular optical properties, e.g. pseudo-accommodative lenses, lenses having aberration corrections, diffractive lenses, lenses for variably absorbing electromagnetic radiation, lenses having variable focus
    • A61F2/1616—Pseudo-accommodative, e.g. multifocal or enabling monovision
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/0008—Introducing ophthalmic products into the ocular cavity or retaining products therein
    • A61F9/0017—Introducing ophthalmic products into the ocular cavity or retaining products therein implantable in, or in contact with, the eye, e.g. ocular inserts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2250/0036—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in thickness

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Description

人工水晶體
本發明係與人工水晶體(IOLs)有關，且更明確地係與單件式IOLs有關。
 發明背景
人類眼睛之最簡要功能係藉著將光傳輸並折射通過一被稱為角膜的透明外側部分，並進一步將該影像以藉著水晶體的方式而聚焦在位於該眼睛的後段之視網膜上來提供視覺。該經聚焦的影像之品質會依據包括有眼睛的尺寸、形狀與長度，以及角膜和晶狀體的透明度等等之許多因素而有不同。
當損傷、年齡或疾病等因素導致水晶體變得比較不透明時，視覺將會因為被傳送到視網膜的光減少而惡化。在眼睛水晶體中的此一缺陷在醫學上係被稱為白內障。此一病況的治療方式係為以外科手術來切除水晶體，並植入一人工晶狀體或IOL。
雖然早期的IOLs係運用例如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)之硬質塑膠物質所製成，不過由矽膠、軟質丙烯酸酯以及水性凝膠所製成之軟質可摺疊的IOLs已經逐漸變得普遍，因為這些軟質水晶體可以摺疊並通過一較小的切口來進行插置。一些方法係被用來捲起或折疊該等水晶體。一常用的方法係為一會將該水晶體摺疊並提供一係為相對較小直徑之內腔的注射匣，該水晶體通常可以藉由一軟質 頂端柱塞而推入該眼睛內。最常用之注射匣係被例示於美國專利第4,681,102號(Bartell)中，並且其包含有一分離的縱向地樞接之卡匣。類似的設計係例示於美國專利第5,494,484與5,499,987號(Feingold)以及第5,616,148和5,620,450號(Eag1es，等人)中。目前已經研發出一些實質的注射匣來迴避美國專利第4,681,102號的申請專利範圍，可以參考例如美國專利第5,275,604號(Rheinish，等人)、5,653,715(Reich，等人)以及美國專利第5,947,976號(Van Noy，等人)。
這些習知技藝裝置係欲通過一相對較大(大約3.0公釐或更大)的切口，來將一IOL注射進入不具水晶體之眼睛的後房內。可以允許整個外科手術步驟通過非常小的切口(2.4公釐且更小)來進行之外科技術與IOLs都已被研發出來。結果，可以被捲起或折疊成小到足以配合此一小切口之IOLs係為所欲的。為了要完成這個目標，IOL必須要被薄化(或是被消脹)，而仍然具有為30D或更多之折射力。該視光學元件中心之薄化因而使得該光學元件的邊緣也需要被薄化。具有此一薄化剖面之IOLs(特別是當其係由一軟質可摺疊材料所製造)的缺點，在於該光學元件的邊緣係非常易碎而易於在插置期間受到損害，特別是在運用一柱塞插置裝置的時候。此外，該觸覺介面/光學元件的連結係非常的薄與脆弱，因而此一水晶體就會在眼睛中變得不穩定。解決此一穩定性問題的一種方法係在該囊袋內植入一穩定環，並將該IOL設置於該穩定環裡面。此一結構係被例示於美國 專利公告第2007/0010881號(Soye，等人)中。雖然一雙部件水晶體系統係可以有效地提供一非常薄而又穩定的IOL，其可以通過一非常小的切口來進行植入，不過此一雙部件結構可能比起一單件式水晶體更難進行植入。
因此，目前仍需要有一種可以通過一非常小的切口來進行植入之單一塊的穩定IOL。
 發明概要
本發明係藉著提供一種IOL來改良習知技藝，其具有一與該光學元件一體成形之凹陷內部光學區域以及較厚或突起之周邊外端緣或環圈。此一設計可以減少IOL的質量，使得該水晶體更容易以一非常小的切口來進行插置，而不會損壞該光學元件或輔助該IOL的穩定性。
因此本發明之一目的是要提供一穩定的IOL。
它是本發明之進一步目的係要提供一更易於通過一在眼睛中之非常小的切口而插置之穩定的IOL。
本發明之又進一步之目的係要提供一IOL來改良習知技藝，其具有一與該光學元件一體成形之凹陷內部光學區域以及較厚或突起之周邊外緣或環圈。
本發明之其他目的、特徵與優點將在參照該等圖式，以及下述之該等圖式與申請專利範圍的詳細描述下而變得明顯。
圖式簡單說明
第1圖係為本發明的IOL之放大頂視平面圖。
第2圖係為本發明的IOL之第一具體例在第1圖的線段A-A中之放大剖面圖。
第3圖係為本發明的IOL之第二具體例在第1圖的線段A-A中之放大剖面圖。
 較佳實施例之詳細說明
本發明的IOL 10係約略地包含有光學元件12與至少二個觸覺介面14。IOL 10可以具有一係為任何適當大小之總長，較佳地介於10.5公釐(mm)與14.0公釐之間，而最佳地為12.5公釐。光學元件12與觸覺介面14係以同一材料而被模製成單件式。用來製造IOL 10的材料可以是任何可以被摺疊之軟質生物相容性材料。適當的材料係為被描述於美國專利第5,411,553(Gerace等人)、5,403,901(Namdaran等人)、5,359,021(Weinschenk,HI等人)、5,236,970(Christ等人)、5,141,507(Parekh)與4,834,750(Gupta)號中之該水性凝膠、矽膠或軟質丙烯酸系材料。光學元件12具有一前端24與一後端26以及一指出軸方向之光學軸O，並且可以具有任何適當的直徑，較佳地係介於4.5公釐與7.0公釐之間，和最佳地係介於6.0公釐與5.5公釐之間。光學元件12也可以是橢圓形或卵形的。如下列表格中所示，光學元件12的最大厚度將隨著所需之屈光力以及所運用材料之折射率而變化，但是在邊緣18之厚度為0.1公釐而環圈30或30'之厚度係大約為0.30公釐下，光學元件12的中央厚度通常係介於0.19公釐和1.19公釐之間，而屈光力則介於6D至71D之間，但是對於患者人口之主要部分而 言，一係為0.39公釐或更少之中央厚度係為較佳的，而介於0.37公釐與0.39公釐之間則為最佳的。
IOL 10之主要設計標準係要使得光學元件12在任何給定的直徑與屈光力下之光學元件的12的厚度最小化，以使得植入IOL 10所需之外科切口的尺寸可以被最小化。用來製造光學元件12的材料可以被修改以吸收紫外線或是例如藍光或紫光之任何另外所欲之輻射波長。
如在第2和3圖所充份見到的，光學元件12分別地包含有周邊端緣或環圈30或30'，其等係被一體成形地形成為光學元件12的一部分，並實質上延伸或完全地圍繞光學元件12的周邊邊緣18。環圈30可以如第2圖所示的位於光學元件12的中央軸心上，或端緣30'可以是前端地位於光學元件的12之軸線上。此一結構可以允許在減低光學元件12之厚度的同時仍維特IOL 10在眼睛中的穩定性。
雖然上文已經描述了本發明之特定具體例，不過這些描述僅係用於例示說明與解釋之目的。上文所描述之系統和方法的許多改變、變化、修改與變更，可以在未背離本發明的範圍或精神下加以應用。
10‧‧‧IOL
12‧‧‧光學元件
14‧‧‧觸覺介面
18‧‧‧邊緣
24‧‧‧前端
26‧‧‧後端
30,30'‧‧‧周邊端緣或環圈
第1圖係為本發明的IOL之放大頂視平面圖。
第2圖係為本發明的IOL之第一具體例在第1圖的線段A－A中之放大剖面圖。
第3圖係為本發明的IOL之第二具體例在第1圖的線段A－A中之放大剖面圖。
10‧‧‧IOL
12‧‧‧光學元件
14‧‧‧觸覺介面
30‧‧‧周邊端緣或環圈

Claims (3)

  1. 一種人工水晶體(intraocular lens)，其包含有：a)一光學元件(optic)，其具有一由邊緣所界定介於2.75與3.0公釐之間的放射範圍；b)一延伸圍繞該光學元件的邊緣之周邊環圈(rim)，其係設置為直接鄰接該光學元件的邊緣，且係一體成形地作為該光學元件之一部分，且該環圈在光學軸上位於該光學元件之前端；及c)多數觸覺介面(haptics)，其係延伸自該環圈且與該光學元件和該環圈一體成形，其中該人工水晶體係由軟質丙烯酸系材料所製成，其特徵在於：該光學元件之邊緣具有約0.1公釐之最小厚度；該周邊環圈具有0.30公釐之厚度；該光學元件之邊緣與該周邊環圈在該邊緣接合該周邊環圈處具有相同的厚度；且該光學元件具有0.39公釐之最大中心厚度。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項的人工水晶體，其中該周邊環圈相對於該光學元件之邊緣係增厚。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項的人工水晶體，其中該光學元件具有一介於0.19公釐與0.39公釐之間的最大中心厚度。
TW097107792A 2007-09-27 2008-03-06 人工水晶體 TWI407943B (zh)

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US11/862,244 US20090088842A1 (en) 2007-09-27 2007-09-27 Intraocular Lens

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TW200913973A TW200913973A (en) 2009-04-01
TWI407943B true TWI407943B (zh) 2013-09-11

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US (2) US20090088842A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2042124B1 (zh)
JP (3) JP2009082689A (zh)
KR (2) KR101128573B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101396307A (zh)
AR (1) AR067212A1 (zh)
AT (1) ATE486544T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2008201271B2 (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0803492A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2623906C (zh)
CY (1) CY1111417T1 (zh)
DE (1) DE602008003277D1 (zh)
DK (1) DK2042124T3 (zh)
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HR (1) HRP20110040T1 (zh)
IL (1) IL189978A (zh)
MX (1) MX2008005619A (zh)
PL (1) PL2042124T3 (zh)
PT (1) PT2042124E (zh)
RU (1) RU2438620C2 (zh)
SI (1) SI2042124T1 (zh)
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AU2008201271A1 (en) 2009-04-23
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US20090088842A1 (en) 2009-04-02
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AR067212A1 (es) 2009-10-07

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