九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之^技術領域〕 本發明係有關一種鐵路平交道，包含~要被駛過或走 過並延伸跨過一個或更多個鐵路軌道之道路通行區，該道 路通行區係由排列在軌頂（rail level)上的軌道遮蓋元件 (track cover elements)構成。 在前述類型的習知鐵路平交道中，道路通行區的側邊 緣沒有清楚可見的標|志’且特別是由於水平的鐵路平交道 存在潛在的危險，所以其會呈現一實質的缺陷。在夜間， 即使是發光的鐵路平交道處之一軌道遮蓋的側邊緣通常也 難於辨認，且如果其為一多軌道的鐵路平交道，被道路通 行區歪斜地松越之鐵路平交道内的一軌道遮蓋之側邊緣由 於這個歪斜行經則更難於辨認。 C 明内3 本發明現在按照其目的來提供要被用於這種鐵路平交 道的軌道遮蓋元件，該等軌道遮蓋元件具有尤其是在夜門 易於辨認的標誌，而且當該等標誌係排列於橫越該等鐵路 軌道之一道路通行區的一側邊緣上之數個這種軌道遮蓋元 件上時’從駕驶貝或者行人的視角來看將會相當清楚地明 白作為這種道路通行區的一個分界肯定會被注意到。 依據本發明而設計以及最初界定的類型之鐵路平交道 的特徵在於，該等軌道遮蓋元件係排列於橫越一個或數個 鐵路軌道之道路通行區的側邊緣上，在構成該道路通行區 的該等軌道遮蓋元件之上表面上設有在這些轨道遮蓋元件 中之每一者上形成一細長的三角形或矩形發光標誌區的發 光標誌元件，該發光標誌區係位於這些轨道遮蓋元件的上 表面上，其中三角形的長邊或者矩形的一長對角線在各鐵 路軌道的橫向上延伸。如果為一矩形，尤其值得考慮的係 菱形。先前提及的目的藉這個設計能夠以一結構上的簡單 方式很好的被達到。藉由該等軌道遮蓋元件上所設有的該 等發光標誌區之較長的伸長設計，這些發光標誌、區可以被 很好地看到’即使-尤其在夜間-其等在一相對於路面的 微小角度下，如同從客車駕驶員的視角以及行人的視角來 看的情ί兄下亦可以被看到。肇因於該等軌道遮蓋元件上所 設有的該等發光標誌區之三角形形狀或者菱形形狀，且筆 因於二角形的長邊或者菱形的長對角.線分別在各鐵路軌道 的橫向上延伸而產生的這些發光標誌區之特殊的定向，可 以獲得一系列位於該等執道遮蓋元件上的發光標钱區，其 中該荨軌道遮蓋元件被連續排列並沿著一橫越一個或更多 個鐵路軌道之一道路通行區的一側邊緣，這些發光標該區 的該等側邊緣彼此大致排成直線，由此對於這種系列之被 連續排列的發光標誌區的一個觀察者而言，一提高的感知 導致這些反射區一起組成一界線。一方面，如果道路通行 區相對於軌道的縱向大致以直角橫越該等鐵路軌道，則該 等發光標誌區之三角形的長邊或者菱形的長對角線分別互 成一直線，且另一方面，如果道路通行區傾斜於執道的縱 向橫越該等鐵路軌道，則該等執道遮蓋元件透過在執道的 縱向上相對於彼此適當地偏移，其中該等軌道遮蓋元件支 承該等發光標誌元件，可以獲得沿著該道路通行區分別連 續排列的該等發光標誌區之三角形的較短邊或者菱形的邊 互相被大致排成直線。 為了使該等發光標諸區亦在視覺受到約束的條件下獲 得一良好的可見度，例如該等條件可能由該等發光標誌區 的略微染污，駛近車輛的光源，霧等等造成，較有利的方 式係該發光標諸、區之三角形的長邊或者菱形的長對角線之 長度至少等於200 mm。 同樣地，如果道路通行區對該等鐵路軌道的執道縱向 呈傾斜延伸，為了使該等發光標諸區獲得一良好的可見度 ，且亦為了使連續排列的該等發光標鍵區之該等邊緣成一 直線，如果為三角形發光標誌區，則較有利的方式係與該 二角形的長邊構成直角之發光標誌區的延長部分具有等於 該長邊長度的25%到50%之尺度。 在安裝依據本發明而設計的鐵路平交道時，較有利的 方式係根賴造，如果當❹該等發光標誌區的—三角形 设汁時，則該三角形的長邊係位於各實質上為矩形的軌道 遮蓋7G件之邊緣處。這個設計在設有該等菱形發光標誌區 時亦可能會被較有舰❹，其巾始終㈣似有該等三 角形發光標tfe區的執道遮蓋元件—起被排列成對，而且數 對各设有-二角形發光標區的轨道遮蓋元件係排列成以 其等之在該等發光標諸區上延伸的邊緣部分互相對準，從而 使該兩個三㈣發光標起構成_菱形發光標誌、區。 如果為該等菱形發光標I志區，則較有利的方式係與該 菱形長對角線構成直角之發光標誌區的延長部分具有等於 該長對角線長度的50%到90%之尺度。 此外，如果為該等菱形發光標誌區，則較有剎的方式 係該等發光標誌區係排列在各實質上為矩形的軌道遮蓋元 件的中間部分。 供用於依據本發明而設計的一鐵路平交道之該等軌道 遮蓋7L件係由一種由粒狀物質與一粘合劑製成的複合材料 構成為佳，且該等發光標誌區嵌在這些轨道遮蓋元件之上 表面内的該複合材料。 依據本發明而設計的鐵路平交道之該等軌道遮蓋元件 所包3的該等發光標誌、元件較有利的方式係設計成在入射 的外部光影響下形成一兩維發光標誌的反射器，其中該外 部光尤其可能會來自車輛的頭燈(head_lights)。根據構造， 該等發光標誌元件的這種設計易於實現，依據一較佳實施 例所提供，這些反射器係由複數個反射體（reflecting bodies) ’尤其是反射球體組成。該等發光標誌元件的可見 度藉該等發光標誌元件内所設有的複數個點狀光源，LED 元件為佳，而被進一步加強。該等發光標誌元件中之每一 者可能會僅被裝設複數個這種點狀光源，或者，甚至更佳 地裝設這種點狀光源以及複數個反射元件，尤其是反射球 體。亦可能會設有點狀光源，尤其是LED元件的光學結構， 從而使這些光源本身作用如該等反射器。如果除了該等光 源外，該等反射器亦被排列於該等發光標誌元件内，則將 會具有的優點是如果斷電亦會維持標記功能。在設計成具 有該等光源的發光標誌元件時，較佳的方式係其等之光線 的主要部分以一相對於該道路通行區呈小於45。的角度在 該道路通行區的行經方向上放射。對於在該道路通行區的 行經方向上移動的車輛駕駛員以及在這個方向上觀望的行 人而言，這些光源將會明顯可見。另一實施例規定該等點 狀光源為漫射的光源。這個提供的優點係由這些光源構成 的標誌從所有側面均可以很好地被看見，且供該等光源安 裝所需的操作是非常簡單的，然而其與上述的定向㈣相 比需要較南的電能。 圖式簡單說明 本發明現在將會經由實例並參照圖式被進一步說明， 其中發明設計的鐵路平交道及構件的實施例被示意性地加 以說明。在該等圖式中， 第1圖所示為依據本發明而設計的一鐵路平交道之一 實施例的上視圖； 第2圖所示為依據本發明而設計的鐵路平交道之執道 遮蓋元件内所設有的一發光標誌元件之一實施例的上視圖 ;以及 第3圖所示為放大尺寸的這種發光標誌元件之側視圖； 第3a圓’第3b圖及第3c圖所示亦為第3圖中所說明的元 件之不同例的側視圖； 第4圖，第5圖及第6圖所示為依據本發明而設計的一鐵 路平交道之第1圖實施例的不同例之部分區域的上視圖； 第7圖所示為依據本發明而設計的—鐵路平交道之 實施例的上視圖’其中—道路通行區傾斜於該軌道 越數個軌道；以及 向松 第8圖所示亦為第7圖中所說明的鐵路平交道之—個不 同例的一部分區域之上視圖。 C實純方式】 在導軌2’ 3所標示的一鐵路軌道附近，第丨圖中所揭示 之一鐵路平交道的實施例包含一道路通行區丨，其在軌頂τ 橫越這個鐵路轨道。在該鐵路軌道附近，該道路通行區由 排列在該軌頂上的軌道遮蓋元件4，5，4a，5a構成轨、 遮蓋元件4 ’ 4a係排列於該軌道的導執2，3之間，且轨道遮 蓋元件5，5a係排列成外觀上緊跟軌道2，3 ^外觀上進—牛 緊隨軌道遮蓋元件5，5a，道路通行區丨係由路面6構成。該 道路通行區在由導軌2，3表示的軌道之橫向7上延伸。在這 個軌道的附近’軌道遮蓋元件4a ’ 5a係排列在該道路通行 區的側邊緣8上，該等軌道遮蓋元件在其等上表面9處包含 構成該道路通行區的發光標諸元件10，這些軌道遮蓋元件 4a ’ 5 a中之母一者上的發光標s志元件構成一較長之伸長的 三角形發光標諸區，其位於這些軌道遮蓋元件4a，5a的上 表面處，其中該三角形的長邊11在由導轨2，3表示的轨道 之橫向7上廷伸。這種發光標誌元件10以及其在一執道遮蓋 元件4a上之排列的一個實例在第2圖及第3圖中加以說明。 這個發光標誌元件10從上視圖來看為一三角形，其中長邊 11的長度大約為300 mm。與該三角形的長邊11構成的直角 1375629IX. INSTRUCTIONS: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a railway level crossing, comprising a road passing area to be driven or passed over and extending across one or more railway tracks, the road passing The fauna consists of track cover elements arranged on the rail level. In the conventional railway level crossing of the aforementioned type, the side edges of the road passing area are not clearly visible and, in particular, because of the potential danger of horizontal railroad crossings, they present a substantial defect. At night, even the side edge of a railroad at one of the illuminated railroad crossings is often difficult to identify, and if it is a multi-track railroad crossing, one of the railroad crossings that are skewed by the roadway The side edges of the track cover are more difficult to identify due to this skewed passage. C Ming 3 The present invention now provides, according to its purpose, track covering elements to be used for such railway level crossings, the track covering elements having indicia which are easily identifiable, in particular in night doors, and when the markings are arranged When crossing a number of such track covering elements on one side edge of one of the road sections of the railway track, 'from the perspective of the driver or pedestrian, it will be quite clearly understood as one of the road access areas. The boundaries will definitely be noticed. Railroad crossings of the type designed and initially defined according to the invention are characterized in that the rail covering elements are arranged on side edges of a road passing area across one or several railway tracks, constituting the road passing area The upper surface of the track covering member is provided with illuminating marking elements forming an elongated triangular or rectangular illuminating marking area on each of the track covering elements, the illuminating marking area being located on the upper surface of the track covering elements Upper, wherein a long side of the triangle or a long diagonal of the rectangle extends in the lateral direction of each railway track. If it is a rectangle, it is especially worth considering. The previously mentioned object can be achieved in a structurally simple manner by this design. By means of the longer elongation design of the illuminating marking zones provided on the track covering elements, the illuminating signs and zones can be seen very well - even if at night - they are in a relative road surface From a small angle, it can be seen as a brother from the perspective of the driver of the bus and the perspective of the pedestrian.肇Because of the triangular shape or the rhombic shape of the illuminating marking zones provided on the track covering elements, and the pens are due to the long sides of the ridges or the long diagonals of the diamonds. The lines are respectively in the transverse direction of the railway tracks. Extending the special orientation of the illuminated marking zones to obtain a series of illuminated marking zones located on the obscuring cover elements, wherein the meandering track covering elements are consecutively aligned and traversed one or more One side edge of one of the railway tracks, the side edges of the illuminating elements being substantially aligned with each other, whereby for an observer of such a series of continuously arranged illuminating sign areas, An increased perception causes these reflective regions to together form a boundary. In one aspect, if the roadway zone traverses the railway tracks at substantially right angles with respect to the longitudinal direction of the track, the long sides of the triangles of the illuminating sign zones or the long diagonals of the diamonds are in line with each other, and, on the other hand, If the roadway zone is slanted across the railway track in a longitudinal direction of the roadway, the roadway cover elements are suitably offset relative to each other in the longitudinal direction of the roadway, wherein the track cover elements support the light-emitting signs The elements are such that the shorter sides of the triangles or the sides of the diamonds of the illuminating sign areas which are successively arranged along the road passing area are substantially aligned with each other. In order to obtain a good visibility of the illuminating target areas under visual constraints, for example, the conditions may be caused by slight staining of the illuminating sign areas, approaching the light source of the vehicle, fog, etc. Advantageously, the length of the long side of the triangle of the illuminating label, the triangle of the zone or the length of the long diagonal of the diamond is at least equal to 200 mm. Similarly, if the road passing area extends obliquely in the longitudinal direction of the railway track, in order to obtain a good visibility of the illuminating target areas, and also to enable the successively arranged illuminating key areas The edge is in a straight line. If it is a triangular light-emitting mark area, it is advantageous that the extended portion of the light-emitting mark area which forms a right angle with the long side of the square has a scale equal to 25% to 50% of the length of the long side. In the installation of the railway level crossing designed according to the present invention, the advantageous method is based on the fact that if the triangular shape of the illuminating sign area is set, the long side of the triangle is substantially rectangular. The track covers the edge of the 7G piece. This design may also be more of a ship when it is provided with such diamond-shaped illuminating sign areas, and the towel is always (4) like the obstructing elements of the triangular illuminating tfe area, which are arranged in pairs, and the pairs are The track covering elements provided with the - lenticular illuminating area are arranged such that their edge portions extending over the illuminating target areas are aligned with each other such that the two three (four) illuminating marks form a _ diamond shaped illuminating mark ,Area. If it is such a diamond-shaped illuminating region, it is advantageous that the elongated portion of the illuminating marking region which forms a right angle with the long diagonal of the diamond has a dimension equal to 50% to 90% of the length of the long diagonal. Further, if it is such a diamond-shaped illuminating mark area, the illuminating mark area is arranged in the middle portion of each substantially rectangular track covering member. Preferably, the track cover 7L for a railway level crossing designed for use in accordance with the present invention is constructed of a composite material made of a particulate material and a binder, and the illuminating landmarks are embedded in the tracks. The composite material within the upper surface of the cover member. The illuminating signs and elements of the track covering elements of the railroad crossings designed in accordance with the present invention are advantageously designed to form a two-dimensional illuminating sign reflector under the influence of incident external light, wherein This external light may especially come from the headlights of the vehicle. Depending on the configuration, such a design of the illuminating marker elements is readily accomplished. According to a preferred embodiment, the reflectors are comprised of a plurality of reflecting bodies, particularly reflective spheres. The visibility of the illuminating sign elements is further enhanced by the plurality of point light sources provided in the illuminating sign elements, preferably LED elements. Each of the illuminating marker elements may be provided with only a plurality of such point sources, or even more preferably such point sources and a plurality of reflective elements, particularly reflective spheres. It is also possible to provide point light sources, in particular optical structures of the LED elements, such that the light sources themselves act as such reflectors. If, in addition to the light sources, the reflectors are also arranged in the illuminating marker elements, there will be an advantage in that the marking function is maintained if the power is turned off. In the case of a luminescent marking element designed to have such light sources, it is preferred that the major portion of the light is less than 45 relative to the roadway. The angle is radiated in the direction of travel of the road passing area. These light sources will be apparent to the driver of the vehicle moving in the direction of the roadway and the pedestrians looking in this direction. Another embodiment provides that the point sources are diffused sources. This provides the advantage that the markings made up of these light sources are well visible from all sides and that the operation required for the installation of such light sources is very simple, however it requires a more souther orientation than the orientation (4) described above. Electrical energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be further illustrated by way of example and with reference to the drawings, in which embodiments of the railroad crossings and components of the inventive design are schematically illustrated. In the drawings, FIG. 1 is a top view of an embodiment of a railway level crossing designed in accordance with the present invention; and FIG. 2 is a plan view of a railroad crossing designed in accordance with the present invention. A top view of one embodiment of a luminescent sign element provided within the component; and a third side view of the illuminating sign element of the enlarged size; 3a round 'Fig. 3b and 3c A side view of a different example of the elements illustrated in FIG. 3; FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are different examples of the first embodiment of a railway level crossing designed in accordance with the present invention. A top view of a portion of the area; Figure 7 is a top view of an embodiment of a railway level crossing designed in accordance with the present invention - wherein - the road passing area is inclined to the track by a plurality of tracks; and Also shown is a top view of a portion of a different example of the railway level crossing illustrated in FIG. C solid mode] In the vicinity of a railway track indicated by the guide rail 2' 3, an embodiment of the railway level crossing disclosed in the figure includes a road passing area 横 which traverses the railway track at the rail top τ. In the vicinity of the railway track, the road passing area is constituted by rail covering members 4, 5, 4a, 5a arranged on the top of the rail, and the covering members 4' 4a are arranged between the guides 2, 3 of the rail, and The track covering elements 5, 5a are arranged to closely follow the track 2, 3 ^ the appearance is advanced - the cow follows the track covering elements 5, 5a, and the road access zone is formed by the road surface 6. The roadway zone extends in the lateral direction 7 of the track indicated by the guide rails 2,3. In the vicinity of this track, the 'track cover elements 4a' 5a are arranged on the side edges 8 of the road pass zone, the track cover elements comprising at their upper surface 9 the illuminating target elements 10 constituting the road pass zone, The illuminating elements on one of the track covering elements 4a'5a form a longer elongated triangular illuminating marking area located at the upper surface of the track covering elements 4a, 5a, wherein the triangle The long sides 11 extend over the transverse direction 7 of the track indicated by the guide rails 2, 3. An example of such an illuminating marker element 10 and its arrangement on an obscuring cover element 4a is illustrated in Figures 2 and 3. This illuminating marker element 10 is a triangle from the top view, wherein the long side 11 has a length of approximately 300 mm. a right angle with the long side 11 of the triangle 1375629
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之該發光標誌、區的延長部分具有大約為1〇〇 _的尺度U 。長邊im於實冑上為道遮蓋元件&之邊緣 。如第3圖所特別顯示者’發光標總元件1〇由複數個具有、 反射地設計成球體14的反射體組成，其等係位於〜底= (base plate)15上，其接著在軌道遮蓋元件知的表面9處嵌在 軌道遮蓋元件4a。反射球體14 一起構成發光標誌區l6f至 於該等發光標誌區之結構的實施例，不同於第2圖及苐3圖 内較詳細說明的實施例亦可能會實現，例如，舉例而兮將 複數個反射球體直接附加至該等軌道遮蓋元件的上表面上 ，或者使用複數個各為非球形的反射體。第3a圖所示為第3 圖所揭示的一發光標誌元件之實施例的一不同例，其中在 第3a圖所揭示的發光標遠元件1〇中，一方面該等反射體息 有由外部光來照亮的球體14之形狀，另一方面，複數個 狀光源14a被提供用於照亮標誌的功能。光源Ha為 件並被安裝為佳’從而將會以一相對於發光標誌區16呈】 於45°的角度α將由虛線標示的其等光線之主要部分玫射於 該道路通行區的行經la方向上，其中該發光標誌區實質上 與該道路通行區相一致。就該光輻射的這種導向而言，可 以在光源14a上設有光學前端元件（front elements) 14b以及 2〇 該等光源之被適當調整的安裝。當變更一發光標誌元件的 這個實施例時，該等反射體亦可能會被省略，從而僅有光 源14a提供標誌功能。在這個實例中，光學前端元件丨415可 能會被較有利地設於光源14a上，該等前端元件本身將會作 用如反射體以為從外部到達的光線。代替第3a圖中所揭示 11 1375629 之以疋向方式進行輻射的光源，亦可能會設有漫射的輻射 光源，由此這些光源可以很好地從其中任何側面被看到。 第3b圖所示為—發光標誌、元件1G，其中設有點狀光源⑷， 在沿著該道路通行區之行經la的方向上來看，該等點狀光 5源以一相對於平行於該道路通行區而延伸的發光標誌元件 10之發光標達、區16呈小於45。的角度α向前放射虛線所標示 的其等之光線的主要部分；且進一步設有點狀光源14a,, 在沿著該道路通行區之行經la的這個方向上來看，該等點 狀光源以一相對於發光標誌區16呈小於45。的角度α向後敌 1〇射虛線所標示的其等之光線的主要部分。亦在這種發光標 誌元件中，除了光源14a，14a'外可能會提供反射器。前述 的光輻射方向可以用光學前端元件14b並經由該等光源之 適當調整的安裝而被獲得。第3c圖所示為一發光標誌、元件 1〇，其中設有點狀光源14a’在沿著該道路通行區之行經la 15 的方向上來看，該等點狀光源經由一光學前端元件14b既以 一相對於平行於該道路通行區而延伸的發光標誌區16呈小 於45°的角度α向前放射虛線所標示的其等之光線的主要部 分，且亦以一相對於發光標誌區16呈小於45。的角度α向後 放射。除了光源14a外’反射器亦可能會提供給這種發光標 2〇 誌元件。 軌道遮蓋元件4，5，4a，5a係由一種由一粒狀物質以 及一粘合劑製成的複合材料構成。較佳的方式係一加強物 亦被嵌在這個複合材料。 在第1圖中被放置於該道路通行區之右側邊緣8處的軌The illuminating mark, the extension of the zone has a dimension U of approximately 1 〇〇 _. The long edge im covers the edge of the component & As shown in Fig. 3, the illuminating unit 1 is composed of a plurality of reflectors having a spherical body 14 that is reflectively designed, which is located on a base plate 15, which is then covered in a track. The surface 9 of the component is embedded in the track covering element 4a. Embodiments in which the reflecting spheres 14 together form the illuminating marking area l6f to the illuminating marking area are different from the embodiments described in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3, for example, for example, a plurality of The reflective spheres are attached directly to the upper surface of the track covering elements or a plurality of reflectors each non-spherical. Figure 3a is a different example of an embodiment of a luminescent sign element disclosed in Figure 3, wherein in the illuminating element 1 揭示 disclosed in Figure 3a, on the one hand, the reflectors are externally The shape of the sphere 14 illuminated by light, on the other hand, a plurality of light sources 14a are provided for illuminating the function of the logo. The light source Ha is a piece and is mounted as a good one, so that a major portion of its equi-light, indicated by a broken line, is projected at an angle α of 45° with respect to the illuminating sign area 16 to the direction of the road passing area. Above, wherein the illuminating sign area substantially coincides with the road passing area. In the case of such guidance of the optical radiation, optical front ends 14b and 2 can be provided with appropriately adjusted mounting of the light sources. When this embodiment of a luminescent sign element is changed, the reflectors may also be omitted so that only the light source 14a provides the sign function. In this example, the optical front end member 丨 415 may be advantageously disposed on the light source 14a, which itself will function as a reflector to receive light from the outside. Instead of the light sources that are radiated in a slanting manner as disclosed in Fig. 3a, 1 1375, a diffused radiant source may also be provided, whereby the sources are well visible from either side. Figure 3b shows a illuminating sign, element 1G, in which a point-like light source (4) is provided, which is viewed in a direction along the path of the road passing through la, the source of the point light 5 being parallel to the road The illuminating sign of the illuminating sign element 10 extending through the pass zone, the area 16 is less than 45. The angle α is forwardly radiated to the main portion of the light rays of the equal line indicated by the broken line; and further, the point light source 14a is provided, and the point light source is viewed in the direction of la along the road passing area. It is less than 45 with respect to the illuminating sign area 16. The angle α is the main part of the light that is marked by the dotted line. Also in such a luminescent element, a reflector may be provided in addition to the light sources 14a, 14a'. The aforementioned direction of light radiation can be obtained by optical front end element 14b and by suitably adjusted mounting of the light sources. Figure 3c shows a illuminating sign, element 1 〇, in which a point light source 14a' is provided in the direction of la 15 along the path of the road passing area, the point light sources being passed through an optical front end element 14b An illuminating marking zone 16 extending parallel to the roadway zone exhibits a major portion of its illuminating light, indicated by a dashed line, at an angle a of less than 45[deg.], and is also less than a illuminating marking zone 16 45. The angle α is radiated backwards. In addition to the light source 14a, a reflector may also be provided to such a luminescent element. The track covering members 4, 5, 4a, 5a are composed of a composite material made of a granular material and a binder. Preferably, a reinforcement is also embedded in the composite. The rail placed at the right edge 8 of the roadway zone in Figure 1
12 道遮蓋7L件4a ’ 5a中，發光標誌元件1()借助其等長邊^被 排列在這些轨道遮盍元件的邊緣13處’且這些發光標誌、元 件10的長邊11成一直線，這個由一點劃線18所標示。在第1 圖中被放置於該道路通行區之左側邊緣8附近的執道遮蓋 元件4a ’ 5a中’結合於軌道遮蓋元件4a的一個發光標誌元 件10被排列在這個執道遮蓋元件4a的邊緣π處，且結合於 軌道遮蓋元件5a的發光標誌元件1〇被排列在這些軌道遮蓋 元件表面的中間部分。類似於位於該道路通行區的右側邊 緣8處之發光標誌元件1〇的排列，結合於被排列在該道路通 行區之左侧邊緣8附近的發光標誌元件1〇之長邊丨丨亦彼此 成一直線’且這個由一點劃準直線19所標示，正如準直線 18，準直線19係在該鐵路軌道的橫向7上延伸。 在第4圖之依據本發明而設計的一鐵路平交道之不同 例中，設有被放置於該鐵路平交道的道路通行區之一側邊 緣8附近的轨道遮蓋元件4a，5a，其等上表面上具有各形成 一菱形發光標誌區的發光標誌元件10。該等菱形的長對角線 20在橫向7上向該鐵路軌道的導執2 ’ 3延伸。發光標誌元件 10的菱形之長對角線20如一準直線21所標示之互成一直線。 第5圖所揭示的不同例中，被放置於該道路通行區之一 側邊緣8附近的軌道遮蓋元件4a，5a設有發光標誌元件1〇， 各發光標誌元件形成一三角形發光標誌區並被排列於這些 軌道遮蓋元件的上表面中心處。這些發光標誌元件10的長 邊11互成一直線，且這個由一點劃線22所標示。 在第6圖所揭示的不同例中，數對軌道遮蓋元件係排列 在該道路通行區的一側邊緣8附近，一對由該軌道之導軌2 ，3間所設有的軌道遮蓋元件4a及4a#構成，以及兩對軌道遮 蓋元件而每一者被裝配至外觀上緊隨導軌2，3而設有的軌 道遮蓋元件5a及5a'。所有這些軌道遮蓋元件均設有形成三 角形發光標誌區的發光標誌元件10，其中該等發光標談元 件的彡角形長邊11係位於各實質上為矩形的軌道遮蓋元件 4a，4a'，5a，5a'之邊緣13處。該等軌道遮蓋元件之構成〆 對的每一者借助其等沿著該等發光標誌、區而延伸的邊緣部 分被相鄰地排列在一起，這些對軌道遮蓋元件中的一個之 母一者的二角形發光標誌、區一起構成一菱形發光標諸區。 這些菱形發光標誌區的長對角線互相排成直線，且這個由 一點劃線23所標示。 第7圖所示為依據本發明而設計的一鐵路平交道之〆 實施例，其包含一由軌道遮蓋元件構成並延伸跨過兩個鐵 路軌道之道路通行區1，其等導軌分別由2，3以及2,，3，來 表示。在這個實例中，該道路通行區係對該等鐵路軌道的 铖向7呈傾斜延伸。在該等鐵路執道附近，該道路通行區係 由軌道遮蓋元件4，5，4a，5a構成，著向外部，該道路 通<丁區係由路面6構成。軌道遮蓋元件4a，5a被放置於該道 路通仃區賴邊緣附近並帶有由發光㈣元件1()構成的三 角形發光標tfe區。在該道料行區的左側邊緣㈣及右側邊 緣8上均具有連續的三肖形發光標⑦區，由關線Μ所標系 的其等知侧邊24互成-直線。為了獲得發光標誌區1〇的道 個父互排列配置自的軌道遮蓋元件4a，5a在該等軌道 的縱向26上相對於彼此呈現偏移，其中該等執道遮蓋元件 帶有各自的發光標誌區並在該等軌道的橫向7上被連續地 排列。 第8圖中為第7圖中所揭示之一鐵路平交道的實施例之 不同例’該等對軌道遮蓋元件被放置於道路通行區1之側邊 緣8的附近，亦即軌道遮蓋元件4a’ 4a，中之每一者一起構成 —對’其中轨道遮蓋元件4a ’ 4a'被放置於軌道2，3以及2,， 3的導軌之間，且軌道遮蓋元件5a，中之每一者一起構 成一對，其等沿著各自的軌道之導執被向外放置。軌道遮 蓋凡件4a ’ 4a’，5a，5a，以互相對準的邊緣13被成對地排列 並帶有由發光標誌元件10構成的三角形發光標誌區，其中 呈現於一對軌道遮蓋元件上的兩個三角形發光標誌區之長 邊11係排列成互相對準，且呈現於每一對軌道遮蓋元件上 的二角形發光標誌區形成一菱形發光標誌區。因此，各側 邊緣8上存在對兩個執道呈現傾斜延伸之一連串的菱形發 光私§志區，這個連續係沿著該道路通行區的各側邊緣8,而 且如在互成一直線前所記載之形成的該等菱形發光標誌區 之側邊28亦如—點劃線27所標示。 【圖式簡單説明】 第1圖所示為依據本發明而設計的一鐵路平交道之一 實施例的上視圖； 第2圖所示為依據本發明而設計的鐵路平交道之軌道 遮蓋元件内所設有的一發光標誌元件之一實施例的上視圖 1375629 第3圖所示為放大尺寸的這種發光標誌元件之側視圖； 第3a圖，第3b圖及第3c圖所示亦為第3圖中所說明的元 件之不同例的側視圖； 第4圖，第5圖及第6圖所示為依據本發明而設計的一鐵 5路平父道之第1圖實施例的不同例之部分區域的上視圖； 第7圖所示為依據本發明而設計的一鐵路平交道之一 貫她例的上視圖’其中-道路通行區傾斜於該轨道方向橫 越數個軌道；以及 第8圖所不亦為第7圖中所說明的鐵路平交道之一個不 10 同例的一部分區域之上視圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1…道路通行區 14球體 la.··道路通行區1的行經ia 14a, 14a'··點狀光源 2,3,2，3…導軌 14b…光學前端元件 4, 4a，4a'，5, 5a，5a'·..執道遮 15...底板 蓋元件 16...發光標誌區 6.. .路面 7.. .執道之橫向 8.. .道路通行區1的側邊緣 9…執道遮蓋元件4a的上表面 10.. .發光標誌元件 11.. .三角形的長邊 12…發光標諸區之尺寸 13.··執道遮蓋元件4a之邊緣 18，22，23, 27，25…點劃線 19···點劃準直線 20…菱形的長對角線 21.. .準直線 24.. .三角形發^^；^ 26.··執道的縱向 28…菱形發光標ί志區之側邊 16In the 12-cover 7L member 4a ' 5a, the illuminating sign elements 1 () are arranged at their edges 13 of the track concealing elements by their equal lengths ' and the illuminating marks, the long sides 11 of the elements 10 are in line, this Marked by a dotted line 18. In the obstruction covering member 4a' 5a placed in the vicinity of the left side edge 8 of the road passing area in Fig. 1 , an illuminating sign member 10 bonded to the track covering member 4a is arranged at the edge of the obstructing covering member 4a. At π, the illuminating marker elements 1 结合 bonded to the track covering member 5a are arranged at the intermediate portion of the surface of the track covering members. Similar to the arrangement of the illuminating sign elements 1 位于 located at the right edge 8 of the road pass area, the long side ridges of the illuminating sign elements 1 结合 arranged adjacent to the left side edge 8 of the road pass area are also mutually A straight line 'and this is indicated by a point alignment line 19, as is the quasi line 19, which extends in the transverse direction 7 of the railway track. In a different example of a railway level crossing designed in accordance with the invention in Fig. 4, there are provided track covering members 4a, 5a placed on the side edge 8 of the road passing area of the railway level crossing, etc. The surface has illuminating marker elements 10 each forming a diamond shaped illuminating marking zone. The long diagonal 20 of the diamonds extends in the transverse direction 7 towards the guide 2'3 of the railway track. The long diagonals 20 of the diamond of the illuminating marker element 10 are aligned with each other as indicated by a collimation line 21. In the different example disclosed in Fig. 5, the track covering members 4a, 5a placed near one side edge 8 of the road passing area are provided with illuminating sign elements 1 〇, each illuminating sign element forming a triangular illuminating sign area and being Arranged at the center of the upper surface of these track covering members. The long sides 11 of these illuminating sign elements 10 are in line with each other, and this is indicated by a one-dot chain line 22. In the different examples disclosed in Fig. 6, a plurality of pairs of track covering members are arranged in the vicinity of one side edge 8 of the road passing area, and a pair of track covering members 4a provided between the guide rails 2, 3 of the track and 4a# constitutes, and two pairs of track covering elements, each of which is assembled to track cover elements 5a and 5a' which are provided in close proximity to the guide rails 2, 3. All of the track covering elements are provided with illuminating sign elements 10 forming triangular illuminating marking elements, wherein the horn shaped long sides 11 of the illuminating indexing elements are located in each substantially rectangular track covering element 4a, 4a', 5a, At the edge of 5a' is 13. The edge portions of each of the constituent pairs of the track covering members that are extended along the light-emitting marks, regions, etc., are adjacently arranged together, the pair of tracks covering one of the elements of the parent The two-dimensional illuminating sign and the area together form a diamond-shaped illuminating area. The long diagonal lines of these diamond shaped illuminated areas are aligned with each other, and this is indicated by a one-dot line 23. Figure 7 is a schematic view of a railroad crossing roadway according to the present invention, comprising a roadway passing area 1 composed of rail covering elements and extending across two railway tracks, the rails of which are respectively 2, 3 and 2,, 3, to indicate. In this example, the road access zone extends obliquely to the direction 7 of the railway track. In the vicinity of these railway lanes, the road passing area is constituted by rail covering members 4, 5, 4a, 5a which are directed to the outside, and the road passing area is constituted by the road surface 6. The track covering members 4a, 5a are placed near the edge of the road passing area and have a triangular illuminating tfe area composed of the light-emitting (four) element 1 (). On the left side edge (four) and the right side edge 8 of the material row area, there are continuous three-Shaw-shaped illuminating mark 7 areas, and the known side edges 24 marked by the line Μ are formed in a straight line. The track covering elements 4a, 5a are arranged offset from each other in the longitudinal direction 26 of the tracks in order to obtain the illuminating marking area 1 ,, wherein the obstructing elements have respective illuminating signs The zones are arranged consecutively in the transverse direction 7 of the tracks. Figure 8 is a different example of an embodiment of a railway level crossing disclosed in Figure 7 'The pair of track covering elements are placed in the vicinity of the side edge 8 of the roadway zone 1, i.e. the track covering element 4a' 4a, each of which is constructed together - for 'where the track covering elements 4a' 4a' are placed between the rails of the tracks 2, 3 and 2, 3, and the track covering elements 5a, each of which constitutes A pair, which is placed outward along the guide of the respective track. The track covering members 4a' 4a', 5a, 5a are arranged in pairs with the mutually aligned edges 13 and have a triangular illuminated marking area formed by the illuminated marking elements 10, which are present on a pair of track covering elements. The long sides 11 of the two triangular illuminating marking regions are arranged to be aligned with each other, and the triangular illuminating marking regions present on each pair of the rail covering members form a diamond-shaped illuminating marking region. Therefore, there is a diamond-shaped illuminating private area on each side edge 8 which presents a series of oblique extensions to the two tracks. This continuous line is along each side edge 8 of the road passing area, and is recorded as before the mutual line. The side edges 28 of the diamond shaped illuminating marking regions formed are also indicated by a dashed line 27. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a top view of an embodiment of a railway level crossing designed in accordance with the present invention; and FIG. 2 is a view of a rail covering member of a railway level crossing designed in accordance with the present invention; A top view of an embodiment of a light-emitting marker element is provided 1375629. Figure 3 is a side view of such a light-emitting marker element of enlarged size; Figure 3a, Figure 3b and Figure 3c are also 3 is a side view of a different example of the components illustrated in the drawings; FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are different examples of the embodiment of the first embodiment of an iron 5-way flat parent road designed in accordance with the present invention. a top view of a portion of the area; Figure 7 is a top view of a consistent railroad crossing designed in accordance with the present invention, wherein the road passing area is slanted across the track in a plurality of tracks; and The figure is not a top view of a portion of the railway level crossing road illustrated in Fig. 7 which is not a 10th example. [Description of main component symbols] 1...Road passage area 14 sphere la.··The passage of the road passage area 1 is ia 14a, 14a'··point light source 2,3,2,3...guide 14b...optical front end element 4, 4a , 4a', 5, 5a, 5a'·.. obedience cover 15... floor cover element 16... illuminating sign area 6.. . road surface 7.. . horizontal direction of the road 8.. road pass area The side edge 9 of 1 obeys the upper surface of the covering element 4a. 10. The illuminating marking element 11. The long side 12 of the triangle...the size of the illuminated marking area 13. The edge 18 of the obstructing element 4a, 22,23, 27,25...dotted line 19···pointing straight line 20...long diagonal of the diamond 21...quasilinear line 24.. .triangle hair ^^;^ 26.·· Longitudinal 28...diamond illuminating mark