TWI353525B - Apparatus, system, and method for autonomic contro - Google Patents
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1353525 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於網格運算(gridCC)mputing),尤其關於一網 格運算系統中,性能資源之自主(autonomic)控制。 【先前技術】 網格運算是運算產針之—相對較新科技。許多目前的網 格運算系統被設計容許多個互連電腦、或節點一
Wmcuientai)閒置⑽)處理器時間。 此外,網格運算系統可容許遍及系 儲存。如此則資料可例如以 μ只竹口J例如以一備份形式,玉 節點虛擬儲存大量的資料。 統中複數個節點之共享 遠端儲存於系統,並 設計和實作網格運算系統 網袼運算系統可用性能資源對 …之—主要問題騎源管理。管理 源對系統切喊十分重要的 。舉例
4 旧 M/04137TW -二 ° 網格運异系統可從許多節點獲得許多不同儲存、記憶 '處理資源’然而這些性能資源必須以一有組織且有生產力 的方式利崎網格系統中。 傳統網格系統一般提供一刺激-回應(stimulus-response ) 裱境’其中簡單地回應一給定刺激而執行作業(〇perati〇ns) 和令。舉例而言u格應用程式要求某程度的處理器能 力或特疋儲存空間量,則簡單地分派此量的處理器能力或儲 存空間供執行此網格應用程式。此類型的刺激-回應環境不管 分散(distributed)運算之動態本質,分散運算中許多性能資 源可被動態配置(allocated )、回收(reclaimed )、保留(代謂& ) 與其他。由於在這樣-働_境巾無法調_格顧程式作 業,網格運算作業必須保持相對簡單,以符合一簡單刺激-回 應環境。 因此’對有助於較佳之一網格運算系統上性能資源之自主 控制的-裝置、綠、及方法存在著需求。有益的是這樣的一 裝置、系統、及方法可克服網格翻程式與_格運算系統上目 前的限制。
4IBM/04137TW 1353525 【發明内容】 本發明已回應技藝之目前狀態而發展,且特別地是回應此 技藝中,目前可用網格運算系統未完全解決的問題和需求:因 =本發明已發展來提供一裝置、系統和方法,供在—網格運 算系統上自主管理網格系統資源,克服許多或全部技藝中上面 討論的缺點。 供在一網格運算系統上自主管理網格系統資源之裝置,具 邏輯單元包含複數個模組’供功能地執行在一網格運算系統 上自主官理網格系統資源之必要步驟。所述實施例中的這些模 組包含一總體(global)監視模組、一總體政策(ρ〇1々)模組、 一總體調節(regulation)模組、一總體保留(reseryati〇n)模 組、一總體終止(termination)模組、一總體仲裁(arbitrati〇n) 模組、以及一總體設定槽(profile)模組。 本發明之一系統亦供在一網格運算系統上自主管理網格 系統資源。此系統可實施於一區域網路、一廣域網路(wide area network)、區域和廣域網路之一結合、一或更多無線網路、一 網際網路為基礎之網格運算網路、或任何其他數目的網格運算 環境中。特別地,一實施例中,此系統包含一總體自主管理裝
4IBM/04137TW ¢353525 置、一局部(local)自主管理裝置、一政策模組、以及一調節 模組。此糸統可更包含一汀用(subscription)管理器,以為每 一連接至此網格運算系統之客端(client)管理一付費訂用。 亦為在一網格運算系統上自主管理網格系統資源提出一 客端。一實施例中,此客端具有一邏輯單元,包含複數個模組, 供功能地執行在一網格運算系統上自主控制一網格系統資源 之必要步驟。所述實施例中的這些模組包含一客端監視模組、 —客端政策模組、一客端通知(notification)模組、一客端配 置模組、一客端回收模組、一客端啟動(initiati〇n)模組、一 客端終止(termination)模組、和一客端設定檔模組。 亦為在一網格運算系統上自主管理網格系統資源提出本 發明之一方法。所揭露實施例中之方法實質上包含執行關於所 述裏置和系統之作業的上述功能所需的步驟。一實施例中,此 方法包含監視網格運算系統之一觸發(trigger)事件;存取複 數個系統政策之一;根據複數個系統政策之一,回應一已辨識 (recognized)觸發事件’調節系統資源。某實施例中,複數 個糸統政東之母一對應網格運算糸統之一系統資源的一作業 控制參數。此外,觸發事件可為一啟動觸發事件、一調節觸發 事件、或一預測觸發事件。
4 旧 M/04137TW 1353525 此方法亦可包含為一網格系統作業保留系統資源,為—網 格系統作業終止源之-保留,根據-仲裁政策仲裁衝 突(conflicting)網格系統作業,以及儲存一系統資源設定檔。 一實轭例中,此系統資源設定檔識別(identi办)配置給網格 系統的一客端資源。 本發明之一實施例有益地容許一網格運算環境中,自主管 理動態配置性能資源。此外,本發明另—實施例有益地容許網 格運算系統中’客端自±配置及回收性能資源。進—步實施例 有益地使總體自主管理裝置可自主地保留已配置性能資源給 特定網格應用程式與作業。 遍及此說明書提及的特徵、優點或類似表達方式 (language)並+意味所有這些本發明可能實現的特徵和優點 應該在或在itb發.—單―實補巾。倒不如說是提及這些特 徵和優點之表達方式被理解成意味有關—實關說明之一特 疋特徵、優點或特性被包含在本發明之至少—實施例中。因 此遍及此說明書對特徵、優點和類似表達方式之討論可參照 (但非必要)至相同實施例。
4IBM/04137TW -10- 此外,此發明所述特徵、優點和特,时以任何適合方式結 合於-或更多實施例中。熟此相關技藝者會辨識出,此發明可 實施為沒有—_實施狀—錢乡狀舰麵點。魏例 子中,可辨識於某些實施例中有額外特徵和優點,是可不出現 在此發明所有實施例中的。 從之後說明與所附請求項,本發明之此些特徵與優點會變 得更完全_,或者可如文後提出之發明之實作而學習。 【實施方式】 此說明書中描述之許多功能性單元已被標示為模組,以更 特別地強調他們的實作獨立性。舉例而言,—模組可實作為一 硬體電路’包含客制超大型積體電路(VLSI)或閉陣列,現 有料體’像是邏輯晶片.,電晶體,或其他分離元件。一模組 亦可實作於可程式硬體裝置中,像是場可程式閘陣列、可程式 陣列邏輯、可程式賴裝置或其他類似者。 模組亦可實作為軟體’供不同類型處理器執行。可執行碼 之—已識聰組可例如包含電腦指令之—或更多實體或 塊,其可例如被組織成-物件、程序、或函數。_,一已識
4IBM/04137TW -11 - 別模組之可執行(exeeutables) Μ實體雜在—起,而可包 钱存於不同位置中的不同指令,邏輯上結合在-起,包含此 模組並為模組達到指定目的。 的確’可執行碼之-模組可為—單_指令,或許多指令, 且甚至可分散於幾個獨碼段(eode segment)、獨程式,以 及遍佈幾個記憶體裝置。類似地’文中作業㈣可被識別與例 不於模組巾’且可峰何適合形式實施,並域在任何適合類 型之資料結構卜此作業·可被收集成—單—請組,或可 分散在不同位置,包含在不同儲存震置、在不同記憶體裝置, 且可至少部分地只存在為—系統或網路上的電子訊號。 此外’模組亦可實施為軟體和一或更多硬體裝置之—結 合。例如-餘可實施為儲存在—記憶難置上—軟體可執行 碼·之結合。進-步範财…模組可為在—組作業資料上作^ 的-處理II之結合。又進-步,-模組可實作為經傳輸電路通 訊之一電子訊號的結合。 、遍及此說明書提及之「-個實施例」、「―實施例」或類似 表達方式意指關於此實施例說明之-特別特徵、結構或特性被
4IBM/04137TW -12- 1353525 包含於本發明至少-實施例中。因此,遍及此說明書的片語「一 個實施例中」、「-實施例中」及類似表達方式之出現可,但非 必要地,全參照至相同實施例。 進-步’此發明所述特徵、結構或特性可以任何適合方式 結合於-或更多實施例中。以下說明中,提供眾多特定細節, 像是程式、軟體模組、使用者選擇、網路交易(netw〇rk φ transaction)、資料庫查詢、資料庫結構、資料庫、硬體模組、 硬體電路、硬體晶片等之範例,以提供此發明實施例之一徹底 了解。然而熟此相關技藝者可辨認出此發明可沒有一或更多特 定細節而實施,或以其他方法、元件、材料等等實施。其他例 子中’週知結構、材料或作業沒有詳細顯示或說明,以避免模 糊此發明之面向。 圖一描繪一網格系統100,包含一網格伺服器丨02,經由 一通訊通道112連接至多個客端104-110,或節點。此例示網 格系統100類似一區域網路,而通訊通道112於一實施例中可 為一乙太網珞通訊通道、一無線通訊通道、或其他均等通訊通 道。類似地,通訊通道Π2可包含不同類型通訊通道之一結 合。雖然所描綠網格系統1〇〇包含一網格伺服器1〇2以及四個
4IBM/04137TW 客端1〇4-110’網格系、统1〇〇可包含具有更少或更多客端 104夕於#服器1〇2、或其他词服器配置之不同網路配置 ^一結合。—進—步實施例中,網格系統1GG亦可包含-訂用 言理器(未示)如參照圖二所說明。一實施例中,網格祠服 器102可同時做為網格系統100之訂用管理器。 在一實施例中,網格系統100供執行-網格應用程式。-網格應用程式係-起達成—特定目標的工作項目之—集合。舉 例而言,-網格應用程式可決定非常複雜的數學計算,包含天 氣預測、股市發展等等…網格制程式亦可處理大規模多媒 體作業3 f施例中’一網格應用程式可為大量且多種資料 執行= 貝料備f/J作業。這些方案之每―中,執行—網格應用程式 可能需要網格系統1GG中幾個節點1G4_11G之合作。 一網格應贿式可分成工件紅作之單—單元。一網格應 用程式之幾個工件可同時地(c〇nc_tly)、連續地㈤卿)、 或共存地(co-dependently)執行於不同節點1〇4七〇之一或更多 節占104 110之每—會配置某程度性能資源給網格系統 卿’供執行網格應用程式。客端1〇4·11〇使之可用的這些性 能資源可包含處理器性能(capabmiy )、處理器效能
4IBM/04137TW -14, 1353525 (capacity)、儲存容量(capacity)、記憶體容量、以及其他類 似貧源。-實施例中,一客端1〇4七阿將一特定量之總處理 裔性能、儲存容量、或記憶體容量用於網格系統100,供執行 網格應用程式。 母客k 104-110可做為一來源(s〇urce)客端或一資源 (resource)客端’視客端1〇411〇於一特別網格應用程式中 之角色而定。舉例而言’客端104-110啟動-網格應用程式者, 客端1〇4-11〇做為一來源客端。另一種是,客端賴ι〇使局 雜能貝源可純行—遠端啟細格應絲式顧者,客端 104 110做為—魏客端^舉例而言,於—網格備份作業情形 中,:來源客端可備份資料難於—或更多資源客端上,而資 源客端為這樣的備份網格顧程式配置-些可用齡給網格 系統刚。一進—步實施例中,除為網路100做為-伺服器102 外,網格伺服器102亦可做為網格系統100上一客端,於系統 令/、可啟動網格應用程式,並使區域性能資源可為網格系统 100所用。 ~ 圖-騎-網格系統之另—實施例200,於某些面向和圖 一之網格系統100類似。此例示網格系統200作業於網際網路
4IBM/04137TW -15· 1353525 中,此例示總體自主管理器300係供幫助網格系統100上性能 資源之自主控制。一實施例中,總體自主管理器3〇〇包含一中 央處理單元(central processing unit,CPU) 302,一區域儲存 裝置304, 一使用者介面306, 一網路介面308,一記憶體310, 以及一總體自主管理裝置312。中央處理單元3〇2於總體自主 管理器300中,一般供執行作業。一實施例中,使用者介面 306供容許一使用者和總體自主管理器3〇〇互動,包含從一使 用者輸入資料和命令以及溝通輸出資料給使用者。一實施例 申,網路介面308供幫助於網格網路1〇〇之通訊通道112上, 總體自主管理器300之網路通訊。 實施例中’區域記憶體310供儲存可和網格性能資源乏 自主控制一起使用的一些資料和元資料(metadata)槽案。另 -實施例中’這些·與元㈣難之—絲全部可於區域儲 存裝置304中被複製。一進一步實施例中,這些資料與元資料 檔案之-或全部可專有地(exdusivdy)齡於區域儲存裝置 304中,而非於記憶體310中。類似地,這些資料與元資料檔 案可儲存在區域記憶體310和儲存3〇4之一結合上。另一實施 例中,這些資料與元資料槽案之—或全部可儲存於網格系統 1〇0上的分散儲存巾。雜本說明提及「縣」,本發明被理
4IBM/04137TW -17- 解成’以和使用其他電子記憶體與儲存結構實質上相同之方式 來運作。文中提及資料檔案或元資料檔案被理解成均等地意指 其他這樣的電子記憶體和儲存結構。 特別地,記憶體310可儲存一系統資源設定檔314、一或 更多系統預測(prediction)政策316、一或更多系統調節政策 318、一或更多系統終止政策32〇、以及一或更多系統仲裁政 策321。一實施例令,系統資源設定檔314供儲存一或更多參 數,指示特定性能資源用於或配置給網格系統1〇〇。一實施例 中,系統預測政策316供定義一或更多預測觸發事件,並指示 總體自主管理器3GG要採取哪個行動回應—已辨識預測觸發 事件。 同樣地,一實施例中,系統調節政策318供定義一或更多 調節觸發事件,並指示總體自”理器要採取哪個行動回 應一已辨__發事件。類似地’―實施例中,系統終止政 策320供定義—或更多終止觸發事件,並指示總體自主管理器 300要採取哪個行動回應一已辨識終止觸發事件。此外,一實 施例中,系統仲裁政策奶供儲存—或更多仲裁政策,其指二 總體自主管理器要採取哪個行動回應—已辨識衝突。
4IBM/04137TW -18· 1353525 —觸發事件可包含上述政策316、318、320、321之一定 義的任一行動。舉例而言,一觸發事件可包含資料流中一改 鋟,時間中一改變,一排定時間,一網格作業,一客端作業, 一自動(automatic)作業,一手動作業,一使用者要求,或這 些和其他類型客端、網格、使用者與其他被監視行動之一變化 或結合之任一。 一實施例中,總體自主管理裝置312供幫助網格系統1〇〇 上性能資源之自主控制。例示總體自主管理裝置312包含一總 體監視模組322、一總體政策模組324、以及一總體調節模組 326。 一實施例中’總體監視模組322供監視網格系統1〇〇之一 觸發事件,其由系統預測、調節、或終止政策316、318、32〇 之—定義。一實施例中,總體政策模組324供容許一使用者存 取與疋義糸統預測、調節、或終止政策316、318、320。 一實施例中,總體調節模組312供根據系統預測、調節、 或終止政策316、318、320 ’回應一已辨識觸發事件,自主地 D周雖網格系統1GG上的性能資源。所描繪總體調節模組326
4IBM/04137TW -19· 包含一總體保留模組328、一總體終止模組330、_總體仲裁 模組332、以及一總體設定檔模組334。 一實施例中’總體保留模組328供保留網格系統1〇〇上一 性能資源給一特定網格應用程式或網格系統作業。一實施例 中乂類似方式’總體終止模組330供終止一特定網格應用 程式之一性能資源的保留。以此方式,總體自主管理裝置312 可分派與去分派(unassign)網格系統1〇〇上的某些已配置性 能資源’供執行特定網格應用程式或工件。 實施例中’總體仲裁模組332供仲裁競爭的網格應用程 式需求與衝突的性能分派。舉例而言,總體仲麵組332 可暫時地搁置分派給目前使用中的一()·生能資源之一工件的分 派或執行。—進—步實施例中,總體仲裁模組可供仲裁衝突的 網格系統作業與區域客端作業。舉例而言,是可能一客端 104-110可回收先前分派給網格系統觸使用的一性能資源。 此障士中’可能需要重新執行巾止的網格健,或分派替代性 能資源以完成被擱置網格作業。
只知例中,總體奴槽模組可供管理系統資源設定 4BM/04137TW -20· 檔314。一實施例中,總體設定檔模組334可追蹤遍及網格系 統100之可用性能資源。一進一步實施例中,總體設定檔模組 334亦可追蹤網格系統100上之可用性能資源的使用。此外, 總體設定槽模組334可供使系統資源設定槽314與客端 104-110之一或更多上的一類似設定檔同步。 圖四描繪一客端之一實施例400 ’其於網格系統1〇〇中可 運作為一來源客端或一資源客端。就像圖三的總體自主管理器 300’客端400包含一中央處理單元402、一區域儲存裝置404、 一使用者介面406、一網路介面408、以及一記憶體410。例 示客端400亦包含一區域自主管理裝置412。客端400之中央 處理單元402、使用者介面406和網路介面408實質上類似總 體自主管理器300的中央處理單元302、使用者介面306和網 路介面308。 一實施例中,記憶體410可供儲存一客端資源設定檔 414、一或更多客端預測政策416、一或更多客端啟動政策 418、一或更多客端調節政策420、以及一或更多客端終止政 策422。客端資源設定檔414可類似總體自主管理器300的系 統資源設定檔314。然而,客端資源設定檔414係供儲存一或
4IBM/04137TW -21 - 1353525 更多參數,指示客端400用於網格系統10〇之特定性能資源。 舉例而言,客端可將頻寬、儲存、記憶體、處理器週期、輪入 /輸出裝置等等讓一網格應用裎式使用。 客端預測政策416、客端調節政策420、以及客端終止政 策422可分別類似總體自主管理器300上的系統預測政策 316、系統調節政策318、以及系統終止政策322。舉例而言,擊 客端預測政策416可包含一政策來要求總體自主管理裝置312 預期源自要求客端400之一網格應用程式,而保留網格性能資 源。 然而’就用於網格系統100之客端性能資源而論,這些客 端政桌416、420、422是客端400特有的。舉例而言,客端調 節政策420可包含根據源自客端400之網格作業量,調節客端 φ 性能資源之配置的政策。某一實施例中,若客端4〇〇啟動大量 網格系統作業’客端400會根據一客端調節政策420來配置額 外性能資源給網格系統100。 一實施例中,客端啟動政策416包含政策指示回應一給定 啟動觸發事件’客端400要採取什麼行動。舉例而言,客端啟
4IBM/04137TW -22- 1353525 動政策416可包含當一網格應用程式被啟動時調節的政策。舉 例而& ’ 一各端啟動政策416可指明只有工作時段後、午餐時 段期間、各端處理器閒置一特定時間時等,才啟動網格應用程 式。 一實施例中,例示區域自主管理裝置412可供幫助網格系 統100上性源之自主控制。所描續區域自主管理裝置4丨2 鲁 包含一客端監視模組424、一客端政策模組426、一客端通知 (notification)模組428、以及一客端調節模組43〇。 實紅例中’客端監視模組424供監視客端4〇〇有無客端 預測、啟動、調郎、或终止政策416 .、418、420、422之一定 義的-觸發事件。-實施例中,客端政策模組426供容許一使 用者存取和定義客端預測、啟動、調節、或終止政策.118、# 420、422。-實施例中’客端通知模組428供通知總體自主管 理器300客端400上的有關活動’像是客端f源設賴414 之修改、-網格細程式之啟動、—網格應贿式之終止科。 貝鈀例中,客端調節模組430供回應一已辨識觸發事 件’並根據客端預測、啟動、調節、或終止政策4i6、418、 -23- 1
旧 M/04137TW P53525 2’來自主地調節客端·上的性能資源。所描綠客端 調即換組430包含一客端配置模組432、一客端回收模_、 一客端啟動模組436、一客端終止模纽极、和一 模組440。 # •頁死例笮 414,_ 娜厕組432供根據客端資源設定檔 似配置-客祕能資源給網格系統⑽。如上所述,客端性 能貧源可為客端400讓網格系統作業可用之任何性能資源,包 存祕、客義寬、客穩驾、客麟存、客端記 憶體專4。-實施例中’以—類似方式,客端回收模組辦 供回收配置給網格系統卿之一客端性能資源。回收一客端性 能資源使網格系、统1〇〇不可用此資源。因此,總體自主管理裝 置312無法經由總體保留模組328保留—已回收客端性能資、 源。如此,區域自主管理裂置412可配置和回收網格系統1〇〇 上的性能魏,例如當客端沒有使用這樣的性能資源時。 一只把例中’客端啟動模組436供回應一啟動觸發事件以 及根據客端啟動政策418 ’来啟動網格系統丨⑻上之一網格應 用程式。類似地,一實施例中,客端終止模組438供回應一終 止觸發事件以及根據客端終止政策422,來終止客端4〇〇啟動 之一網格應用程式。
4IBM/04137TW •24- 一實施例中,客端設定檔模組440可供管理客端資源設定 檔414。一實施例中,客端設定檔模組440可追蹤已配置客端 性能資源。一進一步實施例中,客端設定檔模組440亦可追縱 已配置客端性能資源之使用。此外’客端設定檔模組44〇可供 使客端資源設定檔414與總體自主管理器300上的系統資源設 定檔314同步。 以下示意流程圖一般稱為邏輯流程圖。如此,所描繪順序 和被標示之步驟指示本程序之一實施例。可構想在功能、邏輯 或效應上均等的其他步驟和程序。此外,使用之格式和象徵 (symbology)係提供來解釋程序之邏輯步驟,且不被理解成 限制程序之範疇。同樣地,雖然流程圖中可能使用各種箭頭類 型和線的類型’它們不被理解成限制對應程序之範疇。的確, 某些箭頭或其他連結會只用以指示程序之邏輯流程。舉例而 吕,一箭頭可指示所描繪程序之列舉步驟間不特定持續期間的 一等待或監視期間。 圖五描繪一自主啟動方法之一實施例5〇〇,其可為客端 400上之區域自主管理裝置412所用。例示自主啟動方法5〇〇 開始502於客端400監視504 —啟動觸發事件。一實施例中,
4IBM/04137TW -25- 1353525 客端400彳使用客端監視模级424來監視一啟動觸發事件。一 實施例中’啟動觸發事件係由客端啟動政策418之一定義。 自主啟動方法500繼續506以監視504 -啟動觸發事件, 直到客端400辨識出一已定義啟賴發事件 。客端400 接著啟動適當網格應用程式,如客端啟動政策418指示的。一 實施例中,客端400使用客端啟動模組436來啟動網格應用程φ 式,並經由客端通知模組428通知總體自主管理器3〇〇。客端 400接著在網格系統丨⑻上執行網格應用程式,直到網格應用 程式完成514。所描繪自主啟動方法5〇〇接著結束516。 圖六描繪一自主調節方法之一實施例6〇〇,其可為總體自 主官理器300上之總體自主管理裝置312或客端上之區域自主 管理裝置412所用。例示自主調節方法_和上述自主啟動方 φ 法500相同地開始6〇2。事實上,一實施例中,自主調節方法 600以和自主啟動方法5〇〇相同的步驟6〇4、6〇6、6〇8來啟動 610網格應用程式。 然而,當網格應用程式作業執行612於網格系統1〇〇上, 且在網格應用程式完成614前,自主調節方法6〇〇監視網格系
4 旧 M/04137TW •26- P53525 、·先100之一調卽觸發事件。一實施例中,客端4⑻可使用客端 監視模紕424來監視一調節觸發事件。一進一步實施例中,總 體自主管理器300可使用總體監視模組322來監視一調節觸發 事件。一實施例中,調節觸發事件由客端調節政策42〇之一定 義。另—種方式是,調節觸發事件可由系統調節政策318之一 定義。 若未辨識618出一調節觸發事件,網格應用程式繼續正常 地執行。然而,若辨識618出一調節觸發事件,自主調節方法 6〇〇根據對應客端調節政策42〇或系統調節政策318調節62〇 性能資源。-實施财’自蝴節方法_可藉為網格應用程 式保留額外性能資源,或藉終止現有性能資源保留,來調節 620性能資源。另一種方式是,自主調節方法_可藉配置或 回收客端性能資源,或甚至經由客端終止模組438終止網格應魯 用程式,來調節620性能資源。 網格系统100,繼續執行網格應用程式,經歷被調用 (invoked)自主調節,朗網格應用程式不是被客端彻就 疋〜胃自理$ 3〇〇終止’或直到網格應用程式完成614。 所描繪自主調節方法6〇〇接著結束622。
4IBM/04137TW -27- 1353525 圖七描繪一自主預測方法之一實施例700,其可為總體自 主管理器300上之總體自主管理裝置312或客端上之區域自主 官珲裝置412所用。一實施例中,自主預測方法7〇〇在一網袼 應用程式啟動鈿被調用。一進一步實施例中,自主預測方法 700可在辨識508、608 —啟動觸發事件前被調用,如參照圖 五和六所述。 例示自主預測方法700開始7〇2於監視7〇4 一預測觸發事 件。一實施例中,客端400可使用客端監視模組424來監視一 賴觸發事件。一進—步實施例中,總體自主管理器3〇〇可使 用總體監視模、组322來監視一預測觸發事件。—實施例中,預 測觸發事件由客端預測政策416之一定義。另—種方式是,預 測觸發事件可由系統預測政策316之一定義。 自主預測方法700繼續7〇6監視一預測觸發事件直 到客端400辨識·出一已定義預測觸發事件。客端撕接著 調節爪客端彻或網格系統應之性能資源,如分別由 預測政策416或系統預測政策316指示。-實施例中,自 測方法7⑻獨柄格翻程絲_外性能資源,或藉終止 現有性能#源保留,來調節710性能資源。另—種方式是,自
4IBM/04137TW 1353525 主預測方法700可分別經由客端配置模組432和客端回收模组 434 ’配置或回收客端性能資源,來調節710性能資源。此外, 客端400可經由客端通知模組428,來通知總體自主管理器3〇〇 性能貧源配置與客端資源設定檔4丨4之改變。所描繪自主預測 方法700接著結束。 如剷面方法500、600、700之一範例,總體自主管理器 3〇〇可監視峨運算祕漏上之網格應雜式的性能。當監 視網格之性能’若整體性能開始變慢,總體調節模組326可調 用系統調節政策318來增加配置給網格·程式之性能資源 量。 舉例而言,一電影工作室可執行一蚊曰期到期的一演出 Rendering)销。麵上期限,企触喊業駐管可能決 疋增加網格系統働可用之客端性能資源。一實施例中 f格應用程式增加性能資源會減少網㈣統腦上其他客端 擗 f此貝源。如此,調節政策318定義回應 ^貝源之要求^採取的行動。此外,總體自主管理裝置 以起上j自主官理器删和客端4GG管理網格應用程式, 種實施例中,根據定義企劃限制與期限 即政来318 ’增加性能資源之要求可自主地發生。
4 旧 M/04137TW •29· 1353525 另一實施例中,可定義一高階調節政策318來基於網格系 統綱整體性能,改變網格系統刚和客端可用之性能資 源。舉例而言’使用同樣上述演出範例,一調節政策318可容 許客端4GG動態地回收客端性能資源,假如演出網格應用程式 目前不使用已配置客端性能資源。類似地,當它們被要求執行 額外演出罐應雜式作鱗,已畔客離能龍可被重新 配置給演出網格應用程式。此為動態調節政策318之一實施 例。 許多其他自主預測、啟動、調節、終止、和仲裁政策可使 用於種種網格系統100和應用程式環境中。舉例而言政策可 定義-開/關控制。另-實施例中’政策可定義一比例 (proportional)控制。亦即,若需求增加或減少,可依需求比 例配置或回收資源。另-實施例中,減所需之—步驟改變, 可時間延遲(delay)或相位(phase)政策。舉例而言,可在 某段時間帽漸龜置或回收性崎源’朗制適當程度或 資源可用性以及配置。 關於預測政策,總體自主管理器·可收集和使用歷史或 其他資訊’來預測-特定負載、資源可用性、資源配置等等何
4IBM/04137TW -30· 時了能需要改變。舉例而言,—客端·上的區域處理負载可 在母天某一時刻,不利地影響網格系統卿上的性能資源可用 性。1測政策容許總體自主管理器和客端養預期一典 型貧源使用’而测地赃網格應雜式·可祕。此可包 含延遲網格朗財或使罐躺減執行觀正常快。詳細 的預測、啟動、調節、終止、和仲裁政策不限於任何特定政策、 控制演算法等等。 實粑例中’在總體自主管理器300或客端400的政策之 改變可連結至-訂用(subscripticm)管理器212。一實施例中, 訂用管理器212可依服務之改變調整費用。另一實施例中,訂 用官理器212可避免政策中特定或總體改變。舉例而言,一公 司可能s了用-網格系統觸,並選擇貢獻某程度的性能資源。 向此公司收的費用可和網格應用程式需求程度以及所貢獻性 能資源程度成_ L某個上及/或下定限(thresh〇ld)可 為固定,對應於特定金融或其他商業準則。一進一步實施例 中,訂用官理器2Π可根據這些定限,阻擋一或更多政策中的 可能改變。 進一步關於訂用官理器212, 一實施例中,訂用管理器212
4IBM/04137TW •31 - 1353525 係一裝置供管理決定使用者費用過程中收集、使用或產生之資 訊’控制服務程度’控制服務使用’控制性能資源貢獻等等, 以上服務性月匕貝源係給一網格應用程式、來自或給予一客 戶、公司等等者。 . m 一實施例中,訂用管理器212可為至少兩個目的服務。第 一,其可基於使用者對網格資源之使用及/或使用者對網格貢鲁 獻之性旎資源,決定對一使用者收取之使用費。第二訂用管 理器212可控制對網格系統励和網格資源之存取、使用、使 用程度等等。訂用管理ϋ 212亦可基於文中所述自主政策,控 制給網格系統100之客端性能資源之配置、貢獻程度等等。 為了官理不同客端400對網格系統100之訂用,訂用管理 益犯可創造和儲存一客端設定檔、一總體設定檔、和一客彳春 设定檔。-實施例中,訂用管理器212之總體設定檔可含有關 於性此貝源配置及使用之資訊,以為—特定客戶決定使用費。 實知例中’ 5丁用官理$ 212之總體設定檔對所有使用網格系 ., 統100之性能資源和客端4〇〇 *言為通用的(㈣如)。 一貫施例中’客戶設定槽含有關聯總體設定檔至特定客戶
4IBM/04137TW -32- 1353525 的資訊。客戶設定檔可聚合(aggregate)關於一特定客戶之資 訊’包含關於客戶性能資源配置和區域調用網格應用程式之資 訊°客戶設定檔可用以決定向一客戶收取的整體費用。類似 地’一實施例中,訂用管理器212中的客戶設定檔可含有對應 一特定客端400之類似資訊。, —實施例中’訂用管理器212基於客端為一網格應用程式 肇 對網格系統1〇〇之瞬間、平均、最大、最小、所計劃、所保留、 尖峰等等之一或更多使用’決定使用費。另一實施例中,訂用 管理器212可追蹤一客端400給網格系統1〇〇之客端性能資源 配置。訂用管理器212可追蹤貢獻程度之瞬間、平均、最大、 最小、所計劃、所保留、尖峰等等之一或更多。一進一步實施 例中,訂用管理器212追蹤上列因素之一或更多之一結合。 另一實施例中’訂用管理器212可監視和控制一總體自主 管理器300或客端400對一自主政策之執行。舉例而言,一公 司可5丁用一網格糸統100供一備份檢索(re的eve)網格應用程 式用。為使成本降低’公司可能決定從每—連接客端4〇〇貢獻 性能資源給網格系統100。若一使用者決定回收一特定客端之 已配置性能貢源’並減少其貝獻至零,訂用管理器212可能改
4IBM/04137TW -33- 變客端设疋樓及客戶設定檔,以決定適當費用。根據訂用管理 器212之總體設定檔,網格系統1〇〇之總體自主管理器3〇〇 可為性能資源配置維持上和下定限’藉此避免所有已配置資源 這樣的回收。 另一實施例中,訂用管理器212可控制一客端4〇〇或一總 體自主管理器300要求之一政策改變。訂用管理器Μ)之客戶 設定檔可避免資源配置或客端4〇〇之網格應用程式使用的某 些改變。舉例而言,客端設定檔可對一客戶在一預定帳單 (biUing) 費用有一限制。若已超過這些^ 制,訂用管理器212可阻擋一客端4〇〇某些使用。 本發明可以其卿式實施’科雜其精神或本質特性〇 所述實施例欲在所有面向被視為例*而非限制。因此,本發明 之範脅係由所崎求項_前述朗指示。落在請求項之^義 與均等範圍内的所有改變應包含於其範疇中。 【圖式簡單說明】 了解這 為了使本發明之優點易於了解,會參照所附圖式例示之特 定實施例’提出以上簡短說明之此發明的更具體說明
4IBM/04137TW -34- 1353525 些圖式只描繪此發明之典型實施例,因此並不視為其範疇之限 制,此發明會透過使用所附圖式,以更多具體性和細節來說明 和解釋,其中: 圖一係一示意方塊圖’例示根據本發明一網格系統之一實 施例; 圖二係一示意方塊圖’例示根據本發明一網格系統之另一 實施例; 籲 圖三係一示意方塊圖,例示根據本發明一總體自主管理器 之一實施例; 圖四係一示意方塊圖,例示根據本發明一客端之一實施 例; 圖五係一示意流程圖’例示根據本發明一刺激回應方法之 一實施例; 圖六係一示意流程圖,例示根據本發明一自主調節方法之 鲁 一實施例,以及 圖七係一示意流程圖’例示根據本發明一自主預測方法之 一實施例。
4IBM/04137TW -35- 1353525 【主要元件符號說明】 100網格系統 104-110 客端 200網格系統 204網路系統 208客端 212訂用管理器 300總體自主管理器 304區域儲存裝置 308網路介面 312總體自主管理裝置 316系統預測政策 320系統終止政策 322總體監視模組 326總體調節模組 330總體終止模組 334總體設定檔模組 400客端 404區域儲存裝置 408網路介面 102網格伺服器 112通訊通道 202網際網路 206網路系統 210客端 302中央處理單元 306使用者介面 310記憶體 314系統資源設定檔 318系統調節政策 321系統仲裁政策 324總體政策模組 328總體保留模組 332總體仲裁模組 402中央處理單元 406使用者介面 410記憶體
4IBM/04137TW -36- 1353525 412區域自主管理裝置 416客端預測政策 420客端調節政策 424客端監視模組 428客端通知模組 432客端配置模組 436客端啟動模組 440客端設定檔模組 414客端資源設定檔 418客端啟動政策 422客端終止政策 426客端政策模組 430客端調節模組 434客端回收模組 438客端終止模組
4 旧 M/04137TW -37-
Claims (1)
1353525 十、申請專利範圍: 請求項 1. 1自主(拿_〇管理裝置,供自主管理—網格㈤) 運异系統上之系統資源,該裴置包含. -監視(麵ito〇模組’供監視該網格運算系統之一 觸發事件(triggerevent); -政策(_cy)模組,供存取複數個彡統政策之一, :-該等複數個系統政策對應該網格運算系統之一系統 資源的一作業(operational)控制參數;以及 if 模組’供根據該等複數個系統政 策之一,喊一已辨識(職細如)觸發事件,自主地 調節該系統資源。 2·如睛求項1所述之健,其中該觸發事件包含—啟動籲 (initiation)觸發事件、一調節觸發事件、及一預測 (prediction)觸發事件等三者中之一。 3.如請求項1所述之裝置,其巾該作#控制參數包含一命 令,用以調節該系統資源。 4IBM/04137TW •38- •如請求们所述之裝置,其中齡錄源包含配置給 格運算系統之—客端處理器效能、一客端儲存容量、 —客端記憶體容量之一。 如。月求項1所述之裝置,其中該調節模組包含一保留 (⑽ervation)模組’供保留⑽歸源給—網格系 Λ * Ρ 6·如明求項1所述之裂置,其中該調節模組包含一终止 (termination)模纟且,供為一網格系統作_^_ 源之一保留。 、 如请求項1所述之数,其中該調節模組包含-仲裁 U—ii)模組,供根據—賊政策’仲裁衝突網格系 統作業。 如》月求項1所述之裝置,其巾該調節模組包含—設定槽 (profile)杈組,供儲存—系統資源設定檔,該系統資源 設定檔識別(identifying)-客端(dientkn資g, 該系統資源由該客端配置給該網格運算系統。 4 旧 M/04137TW *39- 客端處理器效能、一客端儲存容量、以及一客端記憶體容 量等三者中之一。 如凊求項10所述之裝置’更包含一回收(reclamati〇n)模 組’供回收配置為一系統資源之一客端資源。 如凊求項10所述之裝置,更包含一啟動模組,供回應該 觸發事件,啟動一應用程式。 如請求項10所述之裝置,更包含一終止模組,供回應該 觸發事件,終止一應用程式。 如請求項10所述之裝置,更包含一設定檔模組,供儲存 一客端資源設定檔,該客端資源設定檔識別一客端資源, 該客端資源由該客端配置給該網格運算系統。 如請求項10所述之裝置,其中該複數個客端政策包含一 客端麵政策、-客端啟動政策、—客端調節政策、以及 一客端終止政策等四者十之至少—者。 4IBM/04137TW •41 - 1353525 務程度’雜_至少部分基簡_之該自主調 節。. ° 的方法,包 2〇. -麵自主管理-網格運算系統上之系統資源 含: 監視該網格運算系統之一觸發事件; 存取複數個系統政策之一,每一該複數個系統政策對 應該網格運算系統之-系統資源的—作業控制參先 及 以 根據該等複數個系統政策之一, 件’而調節該系統資 回應一已辨識觸發事 源 業保留 22.如請求項2〇所述之方法,更包含為一網格系統作業終止 一系統資源之一保留。 23· -種供自主管理—網格運算系統上之網格系統資源的方 法,包含: 4IBM/04137TW -43· 監視該網格運算系統之一觸發事件,該觸發事件包含 一啟動觸發事件、一調節觸發事件、及一預測觸發事件等 三者甲之一; 存取複數個系統政策之一,每一該複數個系統政策對 應該網格運算系統之一系統資源的一作業控制參數,該作 業控制參數包含一命令以調節該系統資源; 根據該複數個系統政策之一,回應一已辨識觸發事 件,調節該系統資源,而該系統資源包含配置給該網於運 算系統之一客端處理器效能、一客端儲存容量、以及一客 端記憶體容量等三者中之一; 儲存一系統資源設定檔,該系統資源設定檔識別一客 端之ϋ資源,齡統資融該客舰置給該網格運算 系統。 一種_可讀取儲存雜’包含電腦可讀取碼,供執行一 種自主管理—網格運算系統上之系統資源的方法,包含: i視該網格運算系統之一觸發事件; 存取讀⑽、統政策之―’每—該複數辦統政策對 -亥網格運算系統之—系統資源的—作業控制參數;以 及 4IBM/04137TW -44 - 1353525 件 根據該複數個系統政策之一, 而調節該系統資源。 回應一已辨識觸發事 25. 其中該觸發事 及一預測觸發 如請求項24所述之電腦可讀取错存媒體, 件包含一啟動觸發事件、一調節觸發事件、 事件專二者中之·一。 26·如請求項24所述之電腦可讀取儲存媒體,射該方法更 包含保留該系統資源給一網格系統作業。 27.如請求項24所述之可餘儲存顧,財該方法更 包含為一網格系統作業終止一系統資源之一保留^ 28.如請求項24所述之電腦可讀取儲_體,其中該方法更φ 包含根據一仲裁政策仲裁衝突網格系統作業。 29_如請求項24所述之電腦可讀取儲存媒體,其中該方法更 包含儲存-系統資源設定樓,該系統資源設定槽識別一客 端之-系統資源’該系統資源由該客端配置給該網格運算 系統。 4IBM/04137TW -45- 1353525 30. -種供自主管理-網格運算系統上之網格系統資源的裝 置,包含: -監視手段,供監視該網格運算系統之—觸發事件; -存取手段’供存取複數個系統政策之一,每一該複 數個系統政策對應該網格運算系統之一系統資源的一作 業控制參數;以及 調即手段,供根據該複數個系統政策之一,回應一 · 已辨識觸發事件,調節該系統資源。
4IBM/04137TW -46-
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2004
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US20050131993A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
TW200532473A (en) | 2005-10-01 |
CN1716875A (zh) | 2006-01-04 |
SG113003A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
US8332483B2 (en) | 2012-12-11 |
CN100349415C (zh) | 2007-11-14 |
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