TWI345501B - Method for making a wedge wedge wire loop - Google Patents

Method for making a wedge wedge wire loop Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI345501B
TWI345501B TW096110964A TW96110964A TWI345501B TW I345501 B TWI345501 B TW I345501B TW 096110964 A TW096110964 A TW 096110964A TW 96110964 A TW96110964 A TW 96110964A TW I345501 B TWI345501 B TW I345501B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
lead
capillary
wedge
connection point
connection
Prior art date
Application number
TW096110964A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TW200800452A (en
Inventor
Jan Mattmueller
Marit Seidel
Original Assignee
Oerlikon Assembly Equipment Ltd Steinhausen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oerlikon Assembly Equipment Ltd Steinhausen filed Critical Oerlikon Assembly Equipment Ltd Steinhausen
Publication of TW200800452A publication Critical patent/TW200800452A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI345501B publication Critical patent/TWI345501B/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01L24/80—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L24/85—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a wire connector
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/002—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B23K20/004—Wire welding
    • B23K20/005—Capillary welding
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    • H01L2224/4805—Shape
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Wire Bonding (AREA)

Description

1345501 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種製作楔形楔形引線弧（wedge wedge wire loop )的方法。 【先前技術】 引線弧用於產生半導體晶片和基板之間的電連接。根 據應用，對引線弧有不同的要求。引線弧主要以所謂的球 形焊線機（Ball-wire Bonder)製作。球形焊線機具有向環形 工作面打開的縱向鑽孔的毛細管（capillary )。毛細管被夾 固到焊頭（horn )尖端。引線穿過毛細管的縱向鑽孔。毛 細管用於將引線接合至半導體晶片上的連接點和基板上的 連接點，以及引導兩個連接點之間的引線。在製作半導體 晶片上的連接點和基板上的連接點之間的引線連接時，首 先，將伸出毛細管的引線的端部熔化成球。然後，借助壓 力和超音波將該球接合至半導體晶片上的連接點。在這種 情況下，來自超音波換能器的超音波被施加到焊頭。此過 程稱爲球形焊接。然後，引線被拉出至所需的長度，形成 爲引線弧並被熱壓焊接至基板上的連接點。此最後的次過 程稱爲楔形焊接。在引線接合至基板上的連接點之後，引 線被扯斷並且可以開始下一個焊接循環。 從專利US 44 37604得知，借助楔形連接將引線弧接合 至兩個連接點的方法是公知的。這意味著省略了引線球的 形成，並且藉由擠壓毛細管下的一段引線來製作兩個引線 連接，即毛細管的工作面將引線壓向連接點。擠壓引線是 -5- 1345501 以施加預定的力和超音波來進行的，通常伴隨著升高的溫 度。因爲用球形焊線機而不用楔形焊線機來製作楔形連 接’所以第一連接點上的楔形連接的品質一般無法滿足設 定的需求’其中用球形焊線機時毛細管把引線壓到各連接 點上’用楔形焊線機時楔形焊接工具用於接合和引導引 線。第1圖示出了在第一連接點1上製作的第一楔形連接。 該楔形連接包括所謂的楔形焊點（wedge bond ) 2和所謂的 尾焊點（tail bond ) 3。爲了實現第一連接點上楔形焊點的 良好粘附，在焊接期間，必須用大量的能量、即用相對高 的焊接力和在應用超音波的條件下將引線4壓向第一連接 點。因此，楔形焊點和尾焊點之間的結合部很薄或者甚至 完全切斷，以致於引線實際上僅藉由尾焊點連接至連接 點。尾焊點的粘附力自然比楔形焊點的粘附力更弱，這是 因爲毛細管的幾何形狀，一方面連接面積很小，另一方面， 毛細管的壓力和超音波的影響在這裏很低。由於隨後形成 的引線弧，相當大的力作用於尾焊點上，這導致尾焊點變 弱，並因此繼而導致「引線偏移（wire sway)」、「頸傾 斜（neck tilt)」、「弧高度」和「弧形狀」變化等公知的 所有問題，或者甚至導致尾焊點從表面扯離。因此在原理 上該方法能夠利用球形焊線機製作楔形-楔形連接。然而’ 由於指出的原因，由於本質較弱的尾焊點，第一接觸的穩 定性和因此引線弧的穩定性是完全不夠的。爲此，楔形-楔 形方法被遺忘了，並且僅在近幾年又重新開始。 從專利申請US 2005-0054186獲知在半導體晶片和基 -6- 1345501 板之間製作凸點-楔形楔形引線弧的方法。利用該方法，首 先’將凸點施加到半導體晶片上的連接點，然後製作引線 弧’即伸出毛細管的引線的端部被接合至凸點，作爲楔形 連接，引線被拉出至所需的長度並被接合至基板上的第二 連接點，作爲楔形連接。 從專利申請US 2004-01 52292獲知在半導體晶片和基 板之間製作球形凸點-楔形引線弧的方法。利用該方法，首 先’將所謂的凸點施加到半導體晶片上的連接點，然後製 作引線弧’其中伸出毛細管的引線被熔化成球，並被接合 至基板’作爲球形連接，引線被拉出至所需的長度並被接 合至半導體晶片上的凸點，作爲楔形連接。該方法公知爲 「反向焊接（Reverse Bonding)」。其不是楔形楔形法。 最後提到的兩種方法能夠實現實際上被引離的引線平 行於半導體晶片的表面。然而「反向焊接」具有兩個引線 連接必須形成引線球的缺點，這對於製作引線弧會導致相 對長的循環時間。另一方法具有必須形成僅一個引線球的 優點’但具有引線弧經常不能形成所需形狀的缺點。 【發明内容】 本發明的目的在於發展一種用於製作楔形楔形引線弧 的方法，利用該方法消除了上述的缺點。 楔形楔形引線弧用如下步驟形成： a) 使毛細管降低到第一連接點上並施加預定的焊接力 和超音波，用於在第一連接點上製作楔形連接， b) 使毛細管在本質上垂直的方向上升高預定的距離 1345501 D1， c) 橫向和向下地移動毛細管，以便彎曲引線並將其壓 向楔形連接， d) 升高毛細管並移動毛細管，以便形成引線弧並將引 線接合至第二連接點，和 e )扯斷引線》 【實施方式】 第2圖示出了利用根據本發明的方法製作的在基板6 上的第一連接點1和在半導體晶片8上的第二連接點7之 間的引線弧5。半導體晶片8被接合到基板6»在該實例中， 第二連接點7位於比第一連接點1高的高度處。在製作引 線弧5之前，將所謂的凸點9施加到第二連接點7。可以 利用球形焊線機或借助另外的已知方法產生凸點9並將凸 點9施加到第二連接點7。基板6可以是半導體工業中已 知的任意基板。基板6也可以是第二半導體晶片，如已經 存在的許多應用那樣，利用這些應用，各半導體晶片被一 個直接安裝在另一個的頂部上作爲「疊置晶片（stacked dies)在製作引線弧5時，首先，藉由第一楔形連接將伸 出球形焊線機的毛細管的引線端部接合至基板6上的第一 連接點1，將引線拉出至所需的長度藉此預形成引線弧， 然後藉由第二楔形連接，將引線連接至第二連接點7的凸 點9或者可選地直接連接至第二連接點7。 第3圖至第8圖示出了在製作第一楔形連接期間獲得 的快照。現在將詳細地說明根據本發明製作楔形楔形引線 -8- 1345501 弧的方法，尤其是第一楔形連接的製作。 爲了將伸出毛細管11的一段引線接合至第一連接點1 作爲楔形連接，該段引線必須不在毛細管11的縱向鑽孔 12的縱向方向上行進，但必須和縱向方向呈預定最小角 Φ。’以便毛細管1 1可以將引線4壓到第一連接點1上並製 作具有可重現特性的楔形連接。下文中，假定伸出毛細管 11的引線4的端部10與毛細管11的縱向鑽孔12呈比最小 角Φ〇大的角φ，並且有利地在隨後製作的引線弧的方向上定 向。第3圖示出了具有縱向鑽孔12的毛細管11和伸出毛 細管11尖端的引線4的端部10。現在利用以下的程序步 驟製作第一連接點1上的楔形連接： 1 ·將毛細管1 1降低到第一連接點1上並且將伸出毛 細管11的引線4的端部10固定到第一連接點丨，其中將 預定的焊接力和超音波施加到毛細管11。現在，將引線的 端部接合至第一連接點1作爲楔形連接，藉此該楔形連接 包括楔形焊點2和尾焊點3。在這種情況下，毛細管11的 環形工作區13壓到引線4的端部10上。第4圖示出了在 該程序步驟之後獲得的快照。 2.在本質上垂直的方向上將毛細管π升高預定的距 離D1。當毛細管11在垂直方向上移動時，引線4和毛細 管1 1之間的摩擦則最小。因此’作用於尾焊點3上的力也 最小。第5圖示出了在該程序步驟之後獲得的快照。 3·橫向並向下地移動毛細管11，以便使引線4彎曲並 將它壓到楔形連接上。第6圖示出了近似在該程序步驟中 -9- 1345501 11’直至引線4扯斷。引線4現在與縱向方向呈比最小角 Φ〇大的角φ。此外，最佳地對準引線4，以製作下一個引線 連接5的第一楔形連接。 當不需要凸點時或當所有的凸點都已經位於第二連接 ·_ 點7上時，如所述的那樣進行程序步驟6和7。或者，如 -- 果必須製作楔形楔形引線弧並然後製作凸點，則必須在程 序步驟6之後和在程序步驟7之前執行兩個另外的程序步 驟6Β和6C : 6Β.在接合之後，略微升高毛細管 π並且打開引線 夾’然後關閉引線夾，並且進一步升高毛細管11直至引線 4扯斷。 6C.將伸出毛細管11的一段引線熔化成球並放置到第 二連接點上作爲凸點。 利用根據本發明的方法的第一形式，在步驟3和4中， 毛細管1 1沿著預定的軌跡路徑15行進，藉此在從步驟3 φ 到步驟4的轉變時，使其行進運動的方向反向。第9圖示 出了毛細管1 1的最佳軌跡路徑1 5，用於製作呈現在第2 . 圖中的引線弧5»第10圖示出了第9圖中用圓圈標出的部 分的放大圖，涉及根據上述的程序步驟1至3製作第一楔 形連接。 因爲根據此方法製作的第一楔形連接牢固地錨定在基 板6上，在原理上，其對準不重要。在第11圖中示出了具 有不同對準的兩個這種楔形連接，也就是它們的走向旋轉 180。。 -11- 1345501 對於引線的彎曲，代替最佳的軌跡 的軌跡路徑。在第12圖至第14圖中示 跡路徑由直線路徑段或曲線路徑段形成 或與第一連接點1呈角α、沒或r。角 泛地改變。有利地，軌跡路徑在拐角處 路徑段到下一個路徑段的轉變處變圓，J 盡可能沿著軌跡路徑行進，而不停止， 致時間損失。這也適用於第9圖中表示 利用根據本發明的方法的第二形式 在步驟4之前進行步驟3B。在步驟3B 和任選的超音波施加到毛細管11達預男 彎曲段的引線焊接到毛細管1 1的工作ί 接。 本發明的基本優點是： -因爲引線被穩固地錨定到第一連接 受以下載荷，其中引線在引線弧形成Β 荷。因此，毛細管可以沿著最佳適合於 狀的任何軌跡路徑行進。另一方面，需 形連接的對準能夠適應於給定的需求。 -由於必然會少一個引線球、也就是 以沒有代替一個時，循環時間比現有技: -利用根據第一形式的方法，在引線 曲引線，並壓向剛被製作的楔形連接， 要短暫的停止。因爲毛細管在反轉點處 路徑，可以是其他 出了其實例。各軌 ，上述路徑段一起 α、石和7·可以寬 變圓，即在從一個 (便毛細管1 1能夠 因爲每個停止會導 的軌跡路徑。 ，在步驟3之後和 戸，將預定的焊接力 時間段，以便將該 i 13下面的楔形連 點1，所以容易耐 寺被暴露於所述載 要實現的引線弧形 要時，基板上的楔 以一個代替兩個或 術短。 弧形成期間再次彎 藉此改變方向僅需 停留的時間很短， -12- 1345501 且彎曲段的引線沒有藉由超音波被焊接至楔形連接，所以 導致極短的循環時間。 -利用某些材料和方法，楔形接觸表現出比球形接觸更 可靠的連接。藉由建議的在第一連接點處的楔形連接，能 夠防止前述問題。 根據本發明的方法尤其適合於製作如第2圖所示的引 線弧。對於諸如具有一個直接安裝在另一個頂部上的至少 兩個半導體晶片的「疊置晶片」這樣的應用，在第一連接 點1處的引線必須非常陡地升高，即，角φ —般必須大於 75°，以便在不同水準行進的引線弧不彼此接觸，並且仍然 占用盡可能小的空間。然而，該本發明不限於這種引線弧。 本發明在要製作的引線弧的第一連接必須是楔形連接的任 何情況都可以使用。 雖然已示出和描述了本發明的實施例和應用，但對得 到本揭示益處的本領域技術人員顯而易見的是，在不背離 在此的發明槪念的情況下，可以進行以上提到許多更多的 修改。因此，本發明並不侷限於後附的申請專利之精神而 應涵蓋其均等物。 【圖式簡單說明】 倂入說明書中且構成此說明書的一部分的附圖示出本 發明的一個或多個實施例，並且與詳細的說明一起用於說 明本發明的原理和實施方式。各圖沒有按比例繪製。在圖 中： 第1圖示出根據先前技術的楔形連接， -13- 1345501 第2圖示出了根據本發明製作具有第一和第二楔形胃 接的引線弧， 第3圖-第8圖示出了在製作第一楔形連接期間的快 照， 第9圖示出了毛細管的可能的軌跡路徑， 第10圖以放大比例示出了第9圖的一部分， 第11圖示出了僅在其走向上不同的兩個楔形連接，和 第12圖-第14圖示出了毛細管的進一步可能的軌跡路 徑。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 第一連接點 2 楔形焊點 3 尾焊點 4 引線 5 引線弧 6 基板 7 第二連接點 8 半導體晶片 9 凸點 10 端部 11 毛細管 12 鑽孔 13 工作區 14 邊緣 •14- 1345501 15 軌跡路徑 D 1 距離 D2 距離 r 半徑
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Claims (1)

1345501 十、申請專利範圍： 1 · 一種以毛細管（1 1 )製作第一連接點（1 )和第二連接點 (7)之間的楔形楔形引線弧（5)的方法，毛細管（11 )具有縱向鑽孔（12)，其出口開口於工作表面（13)， 藉此通過縱向鑽孔（12)引導引線並藉此毛細管（11) 用於將引線（4)接合至第一連接點（1)和第二連接點 (7)，並且在第一連接點（1)和第二連接點（7)之間 引導引線（4 )，該方法包括步驟： a )將毛細管（1 1 )降低到第一連接點（1 )上並施加 預定的焊接力和超音波，用於在第一連接點（1)上製作 楔形連接， b) 在本質上垂直的方向上將毛細管（11)升高預定 距離D1， c) 橫向和向下地移動毛細管（1 1 )，以便彎曲引線（ 4 )並將引線壓向楔形連接， d) 升高毛細管（11)並移動毛細管（11)，以便形成 引線弧（5 )並將引線（4 )接合至第二連接點（7 )，和 e )扯斷引線（4 )。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其中在步驟d之後，在 要被製作的下一個引線弧的引線方向上移動毛細管（Π )，以便對準伸出毛細管（1 1 )的引線（4 )的端部（10 )° 3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法，其中在步驟c中， 沿著本質上圓形的路徑段進行毛細管（11)的移動。 -16-
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SG136090A1 (en) 2007-10-29
KR20070098542A (ko) 2007-10-05
HK1119833A1 (en) 2009-03-13
MY142142A (en) 2010-09-30
US7741208B2 (en) 2010-06-22
US20070231959A1 (en) 2007-10-04
JP2007273991A (ja) 2007-10-18
TW200800452A (en) 2008-01-01
CN101276769B (zh) 2011-05-04
CN101276769A (zh) 2008-10-01

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