TWI298646B - Process for preparing platinum based electrode catalyst for use in direct methanol fuel cell - Google Patents
Process for preparing platinum based electrode catalyst for use in direct methanol fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI298646B TWI298646B TW094147089A TW94147089A TWI298646B TW I298646 B TWI298646 B TW I298646B TW 094147089 A TW094147089 A TW 094147089A TW 94147089 A TW94147089 A TW 94147089A TW I298646 B TWI298646 B TW I298646B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- platinum
- solvent
- stabilizer
- precursor
- ethylene glycol
- Prior art date
Links
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 136
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 62
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title description 26
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- NOWPEMKUZKNSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;platinum(2+) Chemical compound N.N.N.N.[Pt+2] NOWPEMKUZKNSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011943 nanocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyethylene tetrahydropyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- FBELJLCOAHMRJK-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2,2-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCC(CC)CC(C([O-])=O)(C(C([O-])=O)S(O)(=O)=O)CC(CC)CCCC FBELJLCOAHMRJK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- KWABLUYIOFEZOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl butanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC KWABLUYIOFEZOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine group Chemical group NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HTIRHQRTDBPHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl sulfide Chemical compound CCCCSCCCC HTIRHQRTDBPHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002621 H2PtCl6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous n-heptane Natural products CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- SFDJOSRHYKHMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitramide Chemical compound N[N+]([O-])=O SFDJOSRHYKHMOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIXVMPBOGDCSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 LIXVMPBOGDCSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRGDZIGMBDGFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum(2+) Chemical compound [Pt+2] HRGDZIGMBDGFTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydropyrrole Natural products C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
- B01J35/45—Nanoparticles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
- H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Description
'I298646 九、發明說明: 發明所屬之技術領域 本發明係有關-種製備麵奈米觸媒的方法,其可用作 為直接甲醇燃料電池的電極觸媒(包括陽極及陰極)。 先前技術 、直接甲醇燃料電池(DMFC)的電極觸媒較佳的使用鉑
或鉑合金觸媒。一種適合製備此鉑或鉑合金觸媒的方法為 乂 L穩定化方法,#牵涉在—溶劑中及_穩定劑的存在下 使鉑刚驅物或鉑合金前驅物與一還原劑進行還原反應,於 是形成一鉑或鉑合金膠態粒子懸浮液。由於穩定劑不易去 除,生成之膠態鉑或鉑合金觸媒一般會直接用於催化反 應,或被覆於載體後再於>200〇c的高溫將穩定劑去除後再 用於催化反應。該穩定劑的存在或在>2〇〇。匸的高溫將穩定 劑去除對鉑或鉑合金觸媒應用作為DMFC電極觸媒的表現 都是不利的。 美國專利2004/008744 1A1揭示一種製備鉑或鉑合金 觸媒的膠態穩定化方法,其中使用乙二醇同時作為溶劑、 還原劑及穩定劑。因為此方法只使用乙二醇,因此可使用 電化學氧化方法及/或在空氣令以<2〇〇cC的溫度加熱來將 還原反應所產生的產物從鉑或鉑合金觸媒去除,於是避免 對始或翻合金觸媒產生不利的影響。於此方法中可藉由反 應混合物中NaOH的濃度來調整所形成的鉑或鉑合金觸媒 的粒徑大小(介於〇·8至10 nm)。此方法可進一步包含將一 1298646 ’ 載體添加於還原反應之前的反應混合物中而獲得沈積於該 載體的鉑或鉑合金觸媒。此方法也可進一步包含將一載體 含浸於還原反應後的懸浮液或將鉑或鉑合金觸媒粒子塗佈 於載體上而獲得附著有鉑或鉑合金觸媒的載體。此美國專 利2〇〇4/0〇87441Α1的内容藉由參考方式被入本案。 前述美國專利2004/0087441A1雖然改善了鉑或翻合 金觸媒的製備方法,但是以電化學氧化方法及/或在空氣中 φ 以<200°C的溫度加熱來將還原反應所產生的產物從鉑或鉑 合金觸媒去除仍然不是很理想,而且只適用於乙二醇同時 作為溶劑、還原劑及穩定劑的情形。 發明内容 本發明的目的在提出一種製備鉑基礎奈米觸媒的方 法,其可用作為直接曱醇燃料電池的電極觸媒。本方法包 括於一溶劑中及一穩定劑的存在下使始前驅物及選擇性S 一副金屬前驅物與一還原劑進行還原反應,於是形成一鉑 或始/副金屬膠態粒子懸浮液;將所獲得的懸浮液盘一 劑混合;離心處理所形成的混合物而獲得一含有麵或二 金屬膠態粒子部份及一液體部份;對該銘或鉑/ : 粒子部份重覆該共溶劑混合及離心處理至該_部份實^ 上不含有該還原反應的產物;及乾燥該銘或鈾: 粒子部份而獲得鉑基礎奈米觸媒。 哥膠怨 實施方式 6 1298646 •本發明的較佳具體實施態樣包括(但不限於)下列項 目: 1· 一種製備鉑基礎奈米觸媒的方法,包含下列步驟: a) 於一溶劑中及一穩定劑的存在下使鉑前驅物及選 擇性的一副金屬前驅物與一還原劑進行還原反應,於是形 成^一銘或舶/副金屬朦態粒子懸浮液; b) 將所獲得的懸浮液與一共溶劑混合; φ C)離心處理所形成的混合物而獲得一含有鉑或鉑/副 金屬膠態粒子部份及一液體部份·, d) 對該鉑或鉑/副金屬膠態粒子部份重覆該共溶劑混 合及離心處理至該液體部份實質上不含有該還原反應的產 物;及 e) 乾燥該鉑或鉑/副金屬膠態粒子部份而獲得鉑基礎 奈米觸媒。 2. 如項目第旧的方法,其中步驟b)的共溶劑為丙酮、 籲 C3-C12脂肪族烧或曱苯。 3. 如項目^項的方法,wC3-C12脂肪族院為戊烧。 4. 如項目第卜2或3項的方法,其中步驟心的溶劑、還 原劑及穩定劑為乙二醇。 5·如項目第1、2或3項的方法,其中步驟的溶劑為水 與乙醇的混合耗’還㈣u乙醇及穩定劑為聚乙稀四氮 口比洛烧綢。 項目第4項的方法,其中步驟幻的鉑前驅物為氣鉑 酸及步驟d)的該還原反應的產物為氯離子。 1298646 7·如項目第5項的方法,其中步驟a)的鉑前驅物為氯鉑 酸及步驟d)的該還原反應的產物為氯離子。 8·如項目第6項的方法,其中步驟d)的該液體部份實質 上不含有氣離子為氯離子濃度小於3〇〇 ppm。 9·如項目第7項的方法,其中步驟d)的該液體部份實質 上不含有氣離子為氣離子濃度小於3〇〇 ppm。 10·如項目第1項的方法,其中步驟a)的鉑前驅物為氣鉑 酸、雙(乙醯基丙酮鹽)鉑(Π) [Bis(aCetylacet〇nat〇)platinum (II)]、一 硝基一胺始(H) [dinitrodiaminoplatinum (II), Pt(NH3)2(N02)2]、或四胺基鉑(II) [tetraamin〇platinum (II)] 〇 11·如項目第1項的方法,其中步驟a)的溶劑為水與醇的 混合溶劑或乙二醇。 12·如項目第1項的方法,其中步驟a)的還原劑為乙醇、 乙二醇、硼氫鈉(sodium borohydride)、聯胺(hydrazines)或 甲醛。 13·如項目第1項的方法,其中步驟a)的穩定劑為聚乙烯 四氫σ比略烧_、多元醇、聚乙晞醇(polyvinyl alc〇h〇i)或丁 一酉夂一辛 S旨確酸納[sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate,AOT]。 本發明可藉由下列實施例被進一步暸解,其等僅作為 說明之用,而非用於限制本發明範圍。 實施例一 將 0.125 克氣始酸(chloroplatinic acid,H2PtCl6)溶於 1298646 • 250毫升水/乙醇溶劑中,其中水與乙醇之體積比為2:3, 然後加入聚乙烯四氫吡咯酮(polyvinyl pyrr()lid()ne, pvp),其中鉑與PVP的重量比為〇12 :丨,以超音波振動 30分鐘後開始加熱至90〇c後持續i小時,生成膠態鉑懸浮 溶。停止加熱後之膠態鉑懸浮液在室溫中靜置1年仍然保 持膠態鉑懸浮液而不會產生沉澱。將上述懸浮液與乙二醇 /丙酮混合溶劑15〇mL·混合,其中乙二醇/丙醇體積比為1 : φ 6 ’及以超音波振動3 0分鐘。接著離心處理該混合物,將 離心處理传到之液體以離子層析儀(ion chromatography,IC )分 析液體中之氣含量。對離心處理得到之固體部份重覆乙二 醇/丙酮混合溶劑混合(混合溶劑用量為3〇〇mL)及離心處 理步驟至離心處理得到之液體以1C分析之氣含量低於300 PPm (共6次)。將離心處理得到之固體部份烘乾(110°C,12 小時)後得到鉑黑觸媒。以穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)分析其 平均粒控為2.3 nm。以旋轉盤電極(rotating disc electrode, # RDE)方式進行甲醇電催化反應來測試本實施例所製備的 觸媒的活性,所獲得的電流密度為6.3 mA/mg Pt (表一)。 實施例2: 將1.935克氣鉑酸溶150毫升乙二醇溶劑中,以濃 NaOH/EG溶液將pH調至12〜12.2,以超音波振動30分鐘 後開始加熱,至140°c後持溫1小時,生成膠態鉑懸浮液。 停止加熱後之膠態鉑懸浮液在室溫中靜置1年仍然保持膠 態鉑懸浮液狀態而不會產生沉澱。將上述膠態鉑懸浮液與 1298646 乙一醇/戊烷混合溶劑1 50 mL混合,其中乙二醇/戊烷比 為1 : 6,及以超音波振動3()分鐘。接著離心處理該混合 物。對離心處理得到之固體部份重覆乙二醇/戊烷混合溶 劑混合(混合溶劑用量為300 mL)及離心處理步驟至離心處 理得到之液體以IC分析之氣含量低於300 ppm (共6次)。 將離心處理得到之固體部份烘乾(11 〇°C,12小時)後得到鉑 黑觸媒。以穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)分析其平均粒徑為2.2 nm。以RDE方式進行甲醇電催化反應來測試本實施例所製 備的觸媒的活性,所獲得的電流密度為10 6 mA/mg Pt。 實施例3: 將1.935克氣鉑酸溶150毫升乙二醇溶劑中,以濃 NaOH/EG溶液將pH調至12〜12.2,以超音波振動30分鐘 後開始加熱,至14〇°C後持溫1小時,生成膠態鉑懸浮液。 停止加熱後之膠態鉑懸浮液在室溫中靜置丨年仍然保持膠 態銘懸浮液而不會產生沉澱。將上述膠態鉑懸浮液與乙二 醇/曱苯混合溶劑1 50 mL混合,其中乙二醇/甲苯比為i : 6,及以超音波振動30分鐘。接著離心處理該混合物。對 離心處理得到之固體部份重覆乙二醇/甲苯混合溶劑混合 (混合溶劑用量為300 mL)及離心處理步驟至離心處理得到 之液體以1C分析之氣含量低於300 ppm (共6次)。將離心 處理得到之固體部份烘乾(11〇。(:,12小時)後得到鉑黑觸 媒。以穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)分析其平均粒徑為2·2 nm。 以RDE方式進行曱醇電催化反應來測試本實施例所製備的 1298646 觸媒的活性,所獲得的電流密度為10·0 mA/mg Pt。 表一、觸媒活性比較 實施例 Pt/EG (g/ml) PVP/EG (g) Pt/PVP 比 EG使用 量(ml) 溫度 (°C) 時間 (小時) TEM 粒徑 (nm) 電流密度 (mA/mg Pt_.9V) 實施例1 0.125/0 1.07/0 0.12 100/1501 90 1 2.3 6.3 實施例22 1.943/150 — -- 150 140 1 2.2 10.6 實施例33 1.943/150 — — 150 140 1 2.2 10.0 JMBlack4 — — — 一 — 一 〜5 5.4 1100 ml乙醇/150 ml H20; 2使用乙二醇/戊烷;3使用乙二 醇/甲苯;4 JMBlack:Johnson Matthey 公司,代號 HiSPEC 1000 鉑觸媒 圖式簡單說明 圖1顯示本發明實施例2所製備的鉑黑觸媒穿透式電 子顯微鏡(TEM)照片。
Claims (1)
1298646 十、申請專利範園: 1 · 一種製備鉑基礎奈米觸媒的方法,包含下列步驟: a) 於/谷劑中及一穩定劑的存在下使鉑前驅物及選 擇丨生的一田彳金屬前驅物與一還原劑進行還原反應,於是形 成一鉑或鉑/副金屬膠態粒子懸浮液; b) 將所獲得的懸浮液與一共溶劑混合,· c) 離心處理所形成的混合物而獲得一含有鉑或鉑/副 金屬谬悲粒子部份及一液體部份; d) 對該鉑或鉑/副金屬膠態粒子部份重覆該共溶劑混 合及離心處理至該液體部份實質上不含有該還原反應的產 物;及 e) 乾燥該鉑或鉑/副金屬膠態粒子部份而獲得鉑基礎 奈米觸媒。 2·如申明專利範圍第旧的方法,其中步驟的共溶劑 φ 為丙酮、C3-C12脂肪族烷或曱苯。 3.如申請專利範圍第旧的方法,其中〇•⑴脂肪族炫 為戊烧。 其中步驟a)的 其中步驟a)的 4·如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項的方法, 溶劑、還原劑及穩定劑為乙二醇。 5.如申請專利範圍第1、2或3項的方法 12 1298646 • 溶劑為水與乙醇的混合溶劑,還原劑為乙醇及穩定劑為聚 乙烯四氫吡咯烧酮。 6. 如申請專利範圍第4項的方法,其中步驟甸的鉑前驅 物為氯鉑酸及步驟d)的該還原反應的產物為氣離子。 7. 如申請專利範圍第5項的方法,其中步驟約的鉑前驅 • 物為氣鉑酸及步驟d)的該還原反應的產物為氯離子。 8·如申请專利範圍第6項的方法,其中步驟幻的該液體 部份實質上不含有氯離子為氯離子濃度小s3〇〇ppm。 9.如申請專利範圍第7項的方法,其中步驟幻的該液體 部份實質上不含有氣離子為氯離子濃度小於3〇〇ppm。 • l〇.如申請專利範圍第1項的方法,其中步驟a)的鉑前驅 物為氣顧酸、雙(乙酿基丙綱鹽)翻(II) [BiS(aCetylaCet〇nat〇)Platinum (11)]、二硝基二胺鉑(π) [dinitrodiaminoplatinum (11),Pt(NH3)2(N〇2)2]、或四胺基鉑 (II) [tetraaminoplatinum (II)] 〇 11 ·如申請專利範圍第丨項的方法,其中步驟a)的溶劑為 水與醇的混合溶劑或乙二醇。 13 1298646 12. 如申請專利範圍第1項的方法,其中步驟a)的還原劑 為乙醇、乙二醇、棚氫納(sodium borohydride)、聯胺 (hydrazines)或曱酸。 13. 如申請專利範圍第1項的方法,其中步驟a)的穩定劑 為聚乙浠四氫°比略烧酮、多元醇、聚乙浠醇(polyvinyl ale oho 1)或丁二酸二辛 S旨石黃酸納[sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate,AOT] 〇
14
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