TWI243160B - Mulch composition, moisturizing agent, and their preparation and use - Google Patents

Abstract

A mulch composition having extended moisture retention time and a method for use thereof are provided. In a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, a hydro mix moisturizing agent is added to a seeded mulch. The preferred embodiment comprises 93.95% of water, 5.85% of mulch, and 0.2% moisturizing agent by weight as a percentage of the weight of the water used, and fertilizer and seed in any selected amounts. In this preferred embodiment, the moisturizing agent comprises a cellulose gum, a cross-linker, and a surfactant. The moisturizing agent retains water in the mulch composition and releases water into the soil surface at a controlled rate while binding together the mulch composition. Moisture is retained for a longer amount of time than the prior art mulch compositions to promote maximum seed germination. The mulch composition according to the present invention additionally provides effective dust and erosion control properties.

Description

1243160 V. Description of the invention (α Bright background 1. The scope of the present invention The present invention relates to a covering layer for seeding. The invention of the present invention is a layer composition and a method, which can provide seeding with a long and stable tree. 2. Relevant technical descriptions For a long time, the soil has been maintained in sufficient amount ^ ^ ^ ^ 75 ^ Λ ^ > ^ The magic saliva is used to supply plant growth needs A w < ask. Salt has been used to pay you 丄 P tj J Dumpling cladding layer protects the seeds to promote seed germination on the soil surface. ,, There are quite large particles in the dental cladding layer, such as wood fibers, straw, button crumbs, etc., which will mix with water to form a cloud. The lamella mixture contains approximately 仑 gallons per 50 pounds of solid cover and fertilizer and seeds in the amount recommended by the supplier. Then take the water shell and pass the “rubber tube and mouth, and sprinkle to On the surface of the soil, melon will be added with a binder (known as, thickeners to make the polymer sticky, etc.). The integrity of the cover structure can be enhanced by adding the adhesive. This kind of The strengthened cover layer can be used to effectively control the impact phenomenon. Under the conditions, the material needs to be set up after the covering layer and the seed are applied. In addition, 'seeds can also be incorporated into the slurry mixture. The covering layer can protect the seeds from weather damage, and for example by birds and insects The loss of the quoted $. The cover also protects the surface of the soil from invasion of the topsoil in harsh weather conditions such as wind or storms. The moisture retained by the cover can nourish the seeds and promote their germination.蛰 The water retention function of the cover is limited by the solid cover material 69726-931202.doc λ The paper size is SS Home Standard (CNS) Α4 size (21GX 297 public director) 1243160 A7

1243160 V. Description of the invention (^ Method. For example, the water, coating and wetting agent in the coating composition of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. According to the special needs of the coating composition, seeds and fertilizers can be added. The preferred specific The example contains 93 • 95% by weight of water, a coating of 5.85% by weight / 0 and a wetting agent of 0.20% by weight (expressed as a weight percentage of water used), and any selected amount of fertilizer and Seed. The humectant of this preferred embodiment contains cellulose gum (preferably 92.95% cellulose gum), cross-linking agent (preferably 7.00% aluminum sulfate), and a surfactant (preferably • 05% Smashing White (Smashing White⑧, water softener and agent enhancer). Μ Add a wetting agent such as the preferred embodiment to the tackifier in the cover layer composition. When the cover layer When the compositions are bonded to each other, the wetting agent will release water to the soil surface at a controlled rate. Compared with the prior art covering layer, the present invention retains water for a longer time, and thus can promote the maximum germination of the seeds. Secondly, the present invention Provides effective control of dust and erosion.-The present invention details that the present invention is a seed cover composition with a longer water retention time and uses it. Compared with the previous art cover, the present invention retains moisture for a longer time It also ensures the maximum amount of seeds that can be germinated. The purpose of this application is to describe the term 'now used—species used to cover 4❹μ I cover to soil 々k. The distribution of moisture in soil and soil can also inhibit erosion of the lower soil, including fibrous substances such as wood fibers, but also layers such as fertilizers and seeds. Covering, rafting, and sapwood are used to explain this hair 69726- 93l202.doc -0-1243160 A7

Ming, that is, the mixture of the coating and wetting agent. The term humectant is used to describe tf-a substrate that gradually releases water and selectively releases air when it interacts with organisms living in the target environment. Examples of such organisms are those that can receive water and air. Plant tissue. One such wetting agent is described in U.S. Patent No. 4,865,640. For example, when wetting agents interact with organisms normally found in soil, they can release water at a controlled rate and selectively release air to the soil surface. The coating layer composition in the specific embodiment of the present invention contains water, a coating layer and a wetting agent. The dosage of the covering layer can range from 4 39% to 7.3%, and the dosage range of the mixed water humectant can range from · 05% to 35%. As the present invention is more specific, the coating composition of Example 4 contains 93.95% by weight of water, 5.85% by weight of a cover layer, and 0.20% by weight of a humectant (indicated by the weight percentage of water used) and any selected I Fertilizer and seeds. Taking the overlay composition as the preferred embodiment as an example, it can contain 800 pounds of water (1000 gallons), 50 pounds of overlay (1 standard size bag), and 16 pounds of humectant. The cover layer of the preferred embodiment is preferably an Excep fiber cover layer or a Fibercel® cover layer, both of which are currently manufactured by American E-company of ArHngton, Texas. However, the teaching of the present invention can also be applied to any suitable cover layer. Seeds and fertilizers can also be added to the cover composition as required for a particular application. For example, a cover composition for controlling erosion can contain .75 to lbs of seed per 800 pounds (100 gallons) of water; a cover composition for pasture can be used per 800 pounds of water Contains 75 pounds of seeds; the covering composition for lawns can contain 1 () · 75 tellurium seeds per 8GG of crab water. Cover layer group 69726-931202.doc 1243160 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) The amount of fertilizer added in the compound can be changed from 4 to 8 pieces per 800 pounds of water. The humectant used in the preferred embodiment of the present invention contains a dry mixture of the following ingredients: 9 2 · 95% cellulose gum 7.00% aluminum sulfate and .05% Smithsonian® water softener and Cleansing agent enhancer Smithsonian ,,). For the purpose of this application, the preferred humectant is referred to herein as a water-mixed humectant. ★ The term “water-mixed wetting agent” is used for illustrative purposes only, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention of this patent application in any way. The advantages of water-based wetting agents are that when other components of the coating composition are added, such as coatings, seeds, fertilizers, and water, they can be used as good tackifiers and have the property of retaining moisture. Table 1 lists examples of coating compositions as different specific embodiments of the present invention. Table 1 Example water (expressed in spans) (800 lbs = 100 gallons) Overlay (except TF by stone) Seed fertilizer water mixture 1 800 50 per specific amount 0.05% 2 800 50 Π f? 0.1% 3 800 50?! Ff 0.15% 4 800 50 Π " 0.2% 5 800 50 ”” 0.25% 6 800 50 ”ft 0.3% 69726-931202 .doc This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297mm), 43160 grams, invention description

If any seeds and / or fertilizers are added to the coating composition of the present invention, the amount (if any) of the added amount has little effect on the integrity of the coating composition. However, the function of the water-wetting agent varies depending on its proportion in each coating composition. Therefore, the water humectants of Examples 丨 and 2 in Table 丨 are mainly used as thickeners. The function of the thickener is mainly as an adhesive, which can fix the cover layer composition together. If wind and water erosion cannot be avoided, it can still reduce the effect of the two on the cover layer composition. However, in general, the effect of the tackifier on the water retention properties of the cover layer composition is extremely small. Μ μ When the percentage of water-wetting agent is increased from Example 3 to Example 6 in Table 丨, the function of the water mixture can be used to retain the moisture in the coating composition, in addition to serving as a tackifier. The water-retaining property of the cover layer composition of Example 3 is obvious, the water-retaining property of the cover layer composition of Example 4 is good, Example 5 is excellent, and the water-retaining property of Example 6 is excellent. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is added a water humectant to replace additional tackifiers such as guar. In the cover layer composition as in the preferred embodiment, the water-mixed wetting agent contains from about 0.00% to 0.3% by weight based on the weight percentage of water used (3.6-6 -1 per 8 pounds of water). · 8 grams of water mixture), and preferably 0.3%, as shown in Example 6 of Table 丨. Within this range, mixed water wetting agents do not form colloids. As a result, the water-containing wetting agent component of the cover layer composition will form a drop shape, and will be lost from the surface of the sprayed cover layer composition, and it will no longer maintain a state of being mixed with other components in the cover layer composition. Therefore, a surfactant can be added to the humectant of the preferred embodiment to destroy the surface tension of the hydrated water humectant. Surface 69726-931202.doc _ C) · This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇χ 297 mm) 1243160 V. Description of the invention (7) After the tension is broken, the mixed water wetting agent can flow, and Cover the surface to which it is sprayed. The water-containing wetting agent can maintain a state of being mixed with the other components in the cover layer composition to slow down the rate of water evaporation from the cover layer composition, and thus prolong the residence time of the water. Smithsonian White, provided by AnLi, functions as a surfactant in a preferred embodiment of the coating composition. Although the mixed water wetting agent preferably contains 0.55% of Smython White, in alternative embodiments, the percentage of Smython White may range from about (% by weight to ·% by weight. Familiar with this technique Those who can easily understand the present invention can also use other kinds of surfactants. For example, in a specific embodiment, only the active ingredients in Maison White, sodium sesquicarbonate and sodium tripolyphosphate are added to the mixed water wetting agent In another embodiment of the present invention, Novava Clean (containing the active ingredient Novasan) manufactured by Microvava is used instead of or combined with Smithsonian White. In this specific embodiment, Novavasan or Novasan The percentage of the / Smithsonian white mixture is also preferably .05%, but the percentage of Nova Clean can range from about 0.3% to 0.08% by weight. Although mixed as in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, The water wetting agent contains 9 2.9 5% cellulose gum, but in alternative embodiments, the percentage of cellulose gum can range from about 85% to 95% by weight. When the cellulose gum is wet, Will become sticky and adhere tightly to the cover. Aluminium sulfate in mixed water wetting agent The role of the ingredients is to act as a crosslinking agent to cause water molecules to adhere to the cellulose gum molecules. Although the preferred embodiment of the water mixture contains 7% aluminum sulfate, in alternative embodiments, The percentage of aluminum sulfate can range from about 5.00 wt% to 5 wt%. The present invention is yet another preferred embodiment. -10-69726-931202.doc This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) ) 1243160 V. Description of the invention (Example 'In which the cross-linking agent can replace aluminum sulfate with hydrated metal salts, examples are yam 14 sulfate, europium sulfate, cadmium sulfate, and gallium sulfate with the same percentages as the acid name. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mixed water humectant can be added to the other components of the coating composition, preferably in a dry form of powder. However, the mixed water humectant can be used in any other suitable form, including: It is not limited to being particulate or lumpy. An alternative embodiment of the present invention is to use a hydrating wetting agent and a covering layer instead of a dry wetting agent. In this specific embodiment, wetting The agent is mixed with water to complete the hydration, and then poured into a tank to be mixed with other ingredients of the coating composition. In this specific embodiment, the mixed hydrating humectant is preferably kept in a liquid state which can be poured. For example In other words, the hydrating humectant can be mixed to make it have a slurry-like concentration. The hydrating humectant can be used for purposes other than mixing with the covering layer to form a covering layer composition, for example, a mixing humectant can be used as a flame retardant. In this specific embodiment, a water-mixed wetting agent is applied alone to the surface to be fire-resistant. The water released by the water-mixed wetting agent can prevent the flame from spreading on the protected surface. The water-mixed wetting agent can be applied in any suitable manner. To the surface, including but not limited to spraying, soaking, brushing, dusting, and watering. In a conventional example, a water-mixed humectant may be applied to a flammable area on the path of a wildfire. A mixed wetting agent will leave a wet film on the flammable area for a prolonged period of time, and the time that the flammable area maintains moisture depends in part on the composition of the mixed wetting agent. The preferred flame retardant contains .35% by weight of a dry water mixture with 99.65% by weight. 0 / 〇-11-69726-931202.doc The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 1243160 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (water. However, in alternative embodiments, the amount of dry mixed water wetting agent can be changed in the range of 2% to 7% by weight of water used. The length of time that the moisture can be maintained in the combustible area will increase with the percentage of the dry mixed water wetting agent in the composition. When selecting the desired composition, it can be based on the flame intensity 'and according to atmospheric conditions such as wind speed. Dry mixed water wetting agent is preferred Contains: 92.8% cellulose gum; 7.00% aluminum sulfate; and .2% of a surfactant, such as Smithsonian White. In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, it is used as a dry mixed water wetting agent. < Cellulose gum, the percentage of which can range from about 85% to 95% by weight, the percentage of aluminum sulfate can range from about 5.00% to 15% by weight, and the percentage of surfactants can range from about 丨%. 2 5%. Yet another specific embodiment The mixed water wetting agent can be directly applied to the soil. The mixed water wetting agent of this embodiment is used to directly provide soil moisture, such as for irrigating crops or planted seeds. The mixed water wetting agent can be applied in any suitable manner. To the soil, it includes, but is not limited to, spraying, soaking, brushing, dusting, and watering. In a specific embodiment, the mixed water wetting zhao may need to be hydrated before it is applied to the soil. This specific embodiment is to A dry water mixture of about .05% to · 3% is mixed with about 800 pounds of water. Alternatively, the mixed water wetting agent can be applied to the soil in a dry form, and water can be added to the mixture by spraying, for example. Water humectant. Mixed water humectant will retain water and release water to the soil in a controlled manner. In another specific embodiment, the mixed water humectant can be added as a battery core. 69726-931202.doc -12 -1243160 --------- V. Description of the invention (Batteries. Batteries are generally formed by compression in a dry state. When the core is formed, it is necessary to absorb moisture into the core to promote battery life. So far, battery owners have Try to make The core of the pool has not been successful in absorbing water. This problem can be solved by mixing the dry mixed water wetting agent and the battery core material before 2 compression. When the core is formed, the mixed water wetting agent facilitates the use of capillary action to wick water. Suction back into the core. The surfactant component in the mixed water humectant is used to reduce surface tension, so that water can be absorbed back to the center of the battery core. In this specific embodiment, the dry mixed water humectant preferably contains : 94.9% of cellulose gum; 5,000% of aluminum sulfate; and .1% of a surfactant, such as Smithsonian white. In alternative embodiments, the percentage of cellulose gum may range from approximately From 90% to 95% by weight, the percentage of aluminum sulfate can range from about 5% to 10% by weight, and the percentage of surfactant can range from about 0.75% to 2% by weight. In a preferred embodiment, the dry mixed water wetting agent is added to the battery core material, and the added amount is expressed as a weight% of the battery core material. In an alternative embodiment, the amount of the dry mixed water / random moisturizer 'mixed with the battery core material is expressed as a weight percentage of the battery core material, and can be changed within a range of about 0.4% to 0.8%. Although a water-mixed wetting agent is used in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, any other suitable wetting agent may be used, such as Mo / siwr / z / wg by U.S. Patent No. 4,865,640 ("640 Patent Application"). (The author is Avera) Cellulose compounds disclosed in -13-69726-931202.doc This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 1243160

The humectant of the '640 patent application is a mixture of a cellulose compound and a carboxyl group, which is linked to the glucose unit of the cellulose chain via an ether linkage. Cellulose compounds are first mixed with hydrated metal salts and then mixed with dissolved water to form a highly viscous substance. When it interacts with living organisms generally found in soil, it can gradually release water and air. The humectant disclosed in the '640 patent application contains a mixture of the following ingredients: (a) A cellulose compound in the range of 1-3% by weight (expressed as a weight percentage of water used), with an average molecular weight in the range of 9,000. 〇 and 〇〇〇〇〇〇〇, and expressed by the following general formula: R-0_C00M, where 'M " is a metal to replace the hydrogen on the carboxyl group of the cellulose compound, and' R? Is a cellulose chain; (b) hydrated metal salts in the range of 0.1 to 0.3% by weight (expressed as a weight percentage of water used); and (c) water in the range of 97 to 99% by weight. Water can be dissolved if necessary. The substituted metal on the carboxyl group may include metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium. Hydrated salts may include salts such as aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate, indium sulfate, cadmium sulfate, and gallium sulfate, and allow water to be mechanically bound to the salt molecules. Surfactants may also be added to the wetting agents disclosed in the '640 patent application. An exemplary embodiment containing a surfactant contains a mixture of the following ingredients: 97.85% water 2.0% cellulose gum 0. 15% aluminum sulfate 69726-931202.doc · 14 _ This Paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 1243160

In this mixture, 0.5 ounces of Original Palmolive (R) liquid dish soap is added for every 500 pounds of water used. Dishwashing Dishwashing Beer Made by Colgate-Palmolive Company ^ Among them is the surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate. However, in this exemplary embodiment of the aquatic person, the surfactant is added only because it has the property of preventing the wet agent from sticking to the edge of the container. In another embodiment of the present invention, a tackifier is added to the cover layer composition. The preferred tackifier is guar, although any other suitable vegetable gum or tackifier may also be used to bond the overlay. The present invention can be illustrated by the following test examples. The purpose of these test examples is for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention disclosed herein. The test procedure of Test Examples 1-7 was performed in a fish tank with a width of 12 inches and a length of 24 inches. The trough is filled with various types of dry soil, including clay, fertile soil, sand, and divided granite. Tests 1-7 were performed indoors, so a growth light was used. The test used two types of overlays from Excelsior of the United States. Excel® fiber cover contains 100% wood fiber; Fibercel ™ cover contains 70% wood fiber and 30% recycled newspaper. Both of these overlays can be used with or without standard guar tackifiers from Excelsior, USA. Various forms of native forage seeds are added to the test cover. Local seeds used for testing included California barley, Prostrate Form, Idaho fescue, Berkeley blue wild wheat, solo fescue, and California poppy. Seeds in the cover -15-69726-931202.doc This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X297 mm) 1243160 A7

The amount added to the composition is based on the average recommended acre seed size. And the number of enemies to cover. Each of these recommended quantities published by the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China (Caitrans) may depend on the type of seed, the type of soil, and its condition, and the amount and type of fertilizer added to the cover by the manufacturer. When fertilizer is added to the coating composition, the amount is consistent. Excelsior Corporation of the United States recommends filling the coating with 50 pound bags, and adding 100 gallons of water to each bag. As required for the purpose of this application, the two mentions of the US Excelsior company's covering layer and bag are all 50-pound bags. In Test Example i-7, the coverage / water ratio ranged from 1/2 bag to 1 W2 bag for every 100 gallons of water added. This range covers the coating / water ratio recommended by the manufacturer. In Test Examples 1-7, add powder wet water / liquids ranging from 8 lbs to 2 lbs in powder, which includes water and standard tackifiers that do not contain the US E X ce 1 si οr company. Overlay. w The amount of water wet / liquid added to the cover is based on the weight of the wet and moisturizers, and is expressed as a weight percentage of the volume of water therein. The results of Test Examples 1 to 7 indicated that the amount of fertilizer and seed added had no effect on the water holding capacity of the cover composition. In addition, the cover layer / water ratio has a slight effect on the water retention capacity of the cover layer composition. -16-69726-931202.doc This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 1243160 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (14) Table 2 Test example Wetting agent concentration Adhesion characteristics Water retention capacity Seed germination 1 0.05% better than standard tackifiers and equivalent amount of coatings with standard tackifiers 2 0.1% excellent tackifiers are better than those with standard tackifiers 3 0.15% excellent water retention properties Jiajia 4 0.2% Excellent tackifier Water retention characteristics excellent 5 0.25% Super superior tackifier seed germination is good, but some plants cannot grow 6 0.3% Super superior tackifier 50-60% of plants cannot grow 7 0.35 50% to 60% of the plants with superior superviscosifiers can not grow the test examples 5-7. It is pointed out that when the concentration of the mixed water wetting agent increases, a hard shell will start to form on the top of the cover layer. When the concentration of the mixed water wetting agent is close to 2.5%, it is difficult for the plants in the covering layer that have germinated from the seeds to begin to grow out of the covering layer. However, the erosion control characteristics of the coating composition with a higher concentration of the mixed water wetting agent appear to increase. The irrigation process in dry areas must be started quickly to ensure the germination of the seeds and supply to the sprouting plants. Test examples 1-7 Cover layer group 69726-931202.doc-17-This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 15 V. Description of the invention The characteristics can be postponed when the irrigation system must be started. In the remaining test examples 4 and 5, the time before the irrigation must be started was delayed from Yutian to 3 to 7 days. In non-dry areas, then Trial examples * and $ cover composition can reduce the time required for the entire irrigation process. 1 The soil used in the tank is dry soil, of which the only added water is the water that comes with the cover composition. Seeds that took 25 days to germinate were added to the covering composition of Examples 3 and 4 in Test 4, then these seeds could indeed germinate 2 to 5 days after sowing without any additional water. In other tests, For example, the seeds that need 7-10 days to germinate can germinate within a predetermined time. The germinated grass can finally grow to a height of 5-6 inches, and the survival time after sowing is between 20 and 30 days. No additional moisture is required during this period. Jgl Test Example 8-1 2 Test Example 8 -1 2 will cover The capping composition is sprayed on the embankment with a slope of about 10%. In Test Examples 8-12, Excel® fiber of the United States Excelsior Corporation, a semi-rear capping layer, and a master batch covering layer were mixed with 1,500 plus Add water to the rest, and add an equal amount of extra seeds to each batch of cover. The amount of extra seeds in each batch has no significant effect on the test results. Dry powdered mixed water wetting agents are also added to the cover in different amounts. Test Example 8 _ 丨 丨 does not add a tackifier to the coating composition, Test Example 12 contains a tackifier but does not contain a water-wetting agent. -18-69726-931202.doc This paper is in accordance with Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 1243160 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (16 Table 3 Test example Wetting agent concentration Cover layer dosage Wetting agent weight (weight ratio to water weight) Water retention capacity 8 0.1% 11 Bags 12 lbs 12,000 lbs (1,500 gallons) A small amount of water is released from the cover and dropped into the embankment 9 0.15% 11 bags 18 lbs 12,000 lbs without moisture 10 0.2% is released from the cover 11 sacks 24 lbs 12,000 lbs without 11 0.25% released 6 bags 30 lbs 12,000 lbs Released 12 0.0% 11 bags 0 12,000 lbs. After applying the cover on the slope surface, the water was continuously released from the cover for 30 minutes. A large proportion of the water was released, leaving a small amount of water to strengthen the seed germination and Take root. Test Examples 1 3-1 4 In Test Examples 13 and 14 the coating composition as in accordance with the present invention was sprayed onto a new playground (F1 0ydk η bs, Indiana). Tests The cover composition and test conditions of Examples 13 and 14 are listed in Table 4 below, and the test results are listed in Table 5 below. Test Example 1 The humectant added to the covering layer of 3-14 was a mixed water humectant. 69726-931202.doc-19-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 1243160 A7

Table 4 Product portfolio Excelsior • Company Excel® 5/16 inch fiber mixed with wetting agent powder without tackifier Test location and soil conditions Dry, fairly soft clay soil slope 3: 1, most of which are relatively flat ground The weather is 85 degrees and it is quite sunny. The wind speed is 12-15 knots, and the equipment is 1500 plus Finlan tank. 69726-931202.doc This paper size is applicable to Chinese national standards ((:) ^ 3) A4 size (21〇χ 297 mm) 1243160 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (18) Table 5 Test procedure of composition of test wetting agent Example concentration 13 0.1% Fill the Excel® tank of 12 bags with water first, but 1. Wetting agent can be used as polar fiber Next is fiber, seed, and good thickener. 150 pounds of seed, 200 pounds of fertilizer, 1500 plus water fertilizer. Then slowly pour the wetting agent from the end of the bag. Mixing the wetting agent takes 1 minute. 2. Water on the surface Portions can be maintained for 1 hour. 1 / 4-1 inch below the surface of the soil can still be maintained after 3 hours. 12 pounds of humectant powder 3. Good spray concentration and no clogging of the device. [1500 gallons X 8 lbs / Gallon = 12,000 pounds X .001 = 12 pounds of humectant powder] 4. No product loss, slightly soil loss, drip loss on a slope of 3: 1. 5. Germination started after 7 days. 14 0.2% 12 Fill the Excel® tank of the bag with water first, then 1. Excellent tackifier. 150 pounds of fiber, followed by fiber, seeds, fertilizer. Then wetting the humectant from the end of the bag 2. 2 hours later the depth of the wet surface is 1 inch. 200 broken fertilizers, 1500 gallons of water slowly poured in. It takes 1 minute to mix the humectant. 3. The dust control in the heavy spray area is good. 24 pounds of humectant powder. There is no soil loss or product loss. 5. Germination begins after 7 days. 69726-931202.doc -21-This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm) 1243160 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (19) Test Example 1 5 -1 9 In Test Example 1 5 -1 9, the composition according to the present invention was sprayed onto a test position (located in Santa Rosa, California). Test Example 1 5 -1 The composition and test conditions of 9 are listed in Under the Table 6, the test results are shown in the following Table 7. The wetting agent added to the covering layer of Test Examples 1 to 5 was a mixed water wetting agent. Table 6 Product composition 1. Wetting agent composition: Excel® 5/16 inch fiber from Excelsior Company in the United States. It is doped with wetting agent powder and no thickener. 2. Composition of the control group: 5 / 16-inch Excel® overlay with guar thickener. Test location and soil conditions All locations are -75x150 feet Reddish type thin film clay with a small amount of stone wetting agent Location: Slope 2: 1 Control group location (Test Example 19): Slope 3. · 1 The weather is cold and the temperature is 55 -65 degrees. Windy, the wind speed is 15 knots plus or minus 10 knots. Mostly it is cloudy with very little sunlight. Device 3000 gallon tank with spiral stirrer and high horsepower motor. 69726-931202.doc -22-This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 1243160 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (20 Table 7 Test example wetting agent concentration composition result 15 0.1% 11 bags Excef ^ Fiber Native Pasture Seed Mixture-Fastest Germination Time-14 Days 1500 Gallon Water 12 lb Wetting Agent Powder [1500 Gallon X 8 lb / Gallon = 12,000 lb X.001 = 12 lb Wetting Agent Powder 1 The agent can be used as an excellent tackifier. 2. The process of mixing and spraying is good. 3. The covering layer will not move after application. 4. The covering layer can cover the soil state and dust block. (Moisture can be Enter the inside of the cross section of the dust block (1 / 4-1 / 2 inches) 5. The water from the seeds does not flow down the slope, but stays in the landing position. 16 0.15% 11 bags of Exce strict fiber native grass seeds Mixture-fastest germination time -14 days 1500 gallons of water 18 pounds of humectant powder without thickener 1. Excellent thickener. 2. Mixing and spraying process is good. 3. The top 1/2 of clay soil can be Moisture found. 17 0.20 11 bags of Excel 'Fibre Native Mucho Seed Mix-Most Fast germination time -14 days 1500 gallons of water 24 pounds of humectant powder without tackifier 1. Excellent tackifier. 2. Mixing and spraying process is good. 3. Moisture and cover can be left in place and provide good The effect of the blast will be covered. 4. There is water from the foundation to 1 inch below the surface. 5. This composition also shows good dust control properties. 18 0.25 6 bags of Excel 'fiber native grass seed mixture-most Fast germination time -14 days 1500 gallons of water 30 pounds of humectant powder without tackifier 1. The moisture and cover layer can be left in place and can change its shape depending on everything it touches. The composition can provide Good covering effect. 2. Water from the soil to 1 inch below the surface. 19 0 10 bags of Excef fiber native forage seed mixture-fastest germination time-14 days 1500 plus water Guar thickener 1 · The coating layer mixes very well, and the spraying condition is good. But during the application period, Shao * gUar_ adhesive will spray out. 2. · Slims caused by water loss can be found in Wei soil. Water will not be absorbed. In the soil and in the thirsty thorium composition, but forming a puddle cover Down the slope. It can be seen that the slope of the water sloping slope of 3: ι flows below the area where the 4 cover layer is applied. 3. It can be observed that part of the cover layer will also flow down the slope. -23-69726 -931202.doc This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) 1243160 V. Description of the invention (21: Trial: The results of Examples 15-19 can clearly illustrate the covering layer of the present invention The superior properties of the composition. Unlike prior art coverings, the compounds of the present invention provide the required moisture on the soil surface and below. The invention can also be used as a product for effectively controlling dust. Eight based on the result of m ', the presently preferred embodiment of the present invention ::. 15% by weight 0.25% by weight water-wetting agent (expressed as a percentage of the volume of water added). The preferred embodiment of the present invention more preferably contains a mixed water wetting agent (expressed as a weight percentage of the volume of water added) of 0. 20% by weight. It is difficult to explain the present invention in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, but it should not be intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. For those skilled in the art, corrections, changes, and changes can be made under the plan. The details of the operation and construction of the present invention are disclosed here without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the teachings of the present invention can be easily applied to coverings, and the composition has any suitable amount and type of wetting agent cover. Covers in the form of seeds can include the cover made by a large number of grains in the prior art, such as wood fiber, vitamins, straw and cones. Furthermore, the seeds, water, and fertilizers added to the coating composition of the invention can be changed, but the addition of seeds and fertilizers is completely unnecessary. Field, and the composition of the mouth is covered with fiber and wet; when ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^, the characteristics of the invention is obvious. Overlay combination = Includes any other additives, such as pigments and preservatives, which do not have a significant effect on the properties required to cover the composition. That is, the covering composition of the present invention can be applied to a certain -24-69726-931202.doc in any suitable manner. This paper size is suitable for towels_ 家 榡 准 (cns) Μ specifications (coffee) 1243160 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (22) On the surface, these methods include spraying or applying by hand. In addition, the coating composition may be mixed 'in any suitable manner, including mixing or manual mixing. -25-Such as this automatic stirring: 69726-931202.doc This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm)

Claims (1)

A BCD @ 90116978 Patent Fengjian I ϊΓ Supplement No. 丨 Patent _ Gong ¥. 4 or more patent applications I. A cover layer composition comprising: a cover layer; a wetting agent incorporated into the cover layer; and wherein the wetting agent comprises a cellulose compound, a hydrated metal salt, and water 'and the Water may be added to the cover composition and retained for controlled distribution. 2. The cover layer composition according to item i of the patent application scope, wherein the wetting agent further comprises an interfacial active compound ||. 3. The covering composition as claimed in item 1 of the patent, which further comprises fertilizer and seeds. 4. The covering layer composition according to item 1 of the patent application scope, further comprising: a covering layer in an amount ranging from 4.4 to 7.3% by weight; a covering layer in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 0.35% by weight Wetting agent (expressed as a weight percentage of the volume of water added); and the amount of water used ranges from 9 2 · 4 wt% to 9 5 · 4 wt%. 5. The cover layer composition according to item 4 of the declared patent scope, comprising: a cover layer in an amount of 5.85 wt%; a wetting agent in an amount of 0.20 wt% (expressed as a weight percentage of the volume of water added); and I is 93.95% by weight of water. The scope of patent application! The cover layer composition of the present invention, wherein the cover layer comprises a group of ingredients' including wood fiber, rice, sawdust, and recycled newspaper. 7. The cover layer composition as claimed in the patent application, wherein the cover layer package 69726-940602.doc -1-^-Zhang scale is applicable "? A4 specification (2ιχχ tear; ^ ~ ^-l243l6〇 Patent application scope contains 100% wood fiber. Wherein the covering layer package, wherein the humectant package is 8 ^ +, please refer to Patent No. 6, covering layer composition ^ 〇 /. Wood fiber and 30% recycled newspaper. 9. The covering composition according to item 1 of the patent application contains: (a) a cellulose compound; (b) a cross-linking agent; and (e) interfacial activity. ~ As stated in the covering composition of claim 9, wherein the wetting agent (a) ranges from 85% to 95% cellulose gum; (b) ranges from 5.0% to 15% sulfuric acid Aluminum; and (c) surfactants ranging from 0.03% to 0.08%. • As claimed in the covering composition of the scope of the patent No. 10, wherein the wet U) 92.95% cellulose gum; (b) 7.1% sulfate sulfate; and (c) 0.05% Shimaison white water softener. 12 · The cover layer composition according to item 1 of the patent application scope, further comprising ~ tackifiers. 1 3 · The cover layer composition according to item 12 of the patent application scope, wherein the increase% includes guar. 14. The cover layer composition according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: Smithsonian white water softener, 69726-940602.doc 1243160 Nova Clean, Novavasan, Original Palm Olive Liquid, sodium sesquicarbonate, and sodium trimeric sodium. _ 1 5-A humectant comprising: U) a cellulose compound; (b) a cross-linking agent; and (C) a surfactant. 16. The humectant according to item 15 of the patent application scope, further comprising: (a) cellulose gum ranging from 85 to 95%; (b) sulfuric acid ranging from 5.0 to 15% Ming; and (c) surfactants ranging from 0.03% to 0.008 / 0. 17. The humectant according to item 16 of the scope of patent application, further comprising: (a) 92.95% cellulose gum; (b) sulphuric acid salt of 7.0%; and (c) a history of 0.5% Maison white water softener. 18. · The humectant under the scope of application patent No. 15, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: Smithsonian White Water Softening Zibnovaklin, Novason, Primitive Palm Sandal Liquid, Sesquicarbonic Acid Sodium and Sodium Trisphosphonate. 19. The wetting agent according to item 15 of the application, wherein the crosslinking agent is a hydrated metal salt. 20. The humectant according to item 19 of the application, wherein the cross-linking agent is selected from the group consisting of: sulfate sulfate, zinc picrate, indium sulfate, sulfate surface, and sulfuric acid. 21 · -A method for supplying the humectant in item 15 of the patent, which is 69726-940602.doc 1243160 --- 6. The scope of patent application includes the step of mixing cellulose compounds, cross-linking agents and surfactants awesome. 22. The method according to item 21 of the patent application scope, further comprising a mixed cellulose adhesive (ranging from 85% to 95%), aluminum sulfate (ranging from 5000% to 15%), and a surfactant (range (From 0.03% to 0.08%). 23. The method according to claim 21, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of: Smithsonian white water softener, Novaklin,% Watson, virgin olive oil, halves Sodium carbonate and sodium tripolycinate. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the crosslinking agent is a hydrated metal salt. 25. The method according to claim 24, wherein the cross-linking agent is selected from the group consisting of aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate, indium sulfate, cadmium sulfate, and sulfuric acid. 26. A method for suppressing fire, comprising the steps of: hydrating a humectant such as item 15 of the scope of patent application; and applying the hydrating humectant to the surface to be protected. 27. A method for irrigating soil, comprising the steps of: hydrating a humectant such as the scope of patent application No. 15; and applying the hydrating humectant to the surface to be protected. 28. A method for providing a covering composition according to the scope of the patent application [item], which comprises the following steps: adding water to the tank; adding covering fibers to the water; adding a powdery wetting agent to the water; Water-covered fiber and wetting agent. 69726-940602.doc > 4-ί Paper scale suitable for wealth, family, family and friends) -------- binding line A8 B8 C8 D8 1243160 29. The method according to item 28 of the patent application, further comprising the steps of: adding the seeds to the water after the covering fiber adding step and before the wetting agent adding step; and when the seeds are added, the fertilizer is added In the water. 30. The method according to item 28 of the patent application range, wherein the powdery wetting agent comprises: (a) cellulose gum ranging from 85 to 95%; (b) sulfuric acid ranging from 5.00% to 15% Aluminum; and (o range from 0.03% to 0.08% of a surfactant. 31. The method of claim 30 in the patent application range, wherein the powdery wetting agent comprises: (a) 9 2.9 5% cellulose gum; (b) 7.00% aluminum sulfate; and (00.05% Smithsonian white water softener. 32. A cover layer composition comprising: a cover layer containing an ingredient selected from the group consisting of: Wood fiber, straw, sawdust and recycled newspapers; and wetting agents to be incorporated into the mulch layer in amounts ranging from 0.05% by weight to 0.35 weight! R% (expressed as a percentage of the volume of water added) ), The humectant contains: (a) cellulose gum ranging from 85% to 95%; (b) aluminum sulfate ranging from 5.00% to 15%; and (0 range from 0.03% to 0.08% surfactant 69726-940602.doc 1243160, patent application park A8, B8, C8, D8, where water can be added to the coating composition, benefit Reserved for controlled distribution. • The coating composition according to item 32 of the patent application scope, wherein the wetting agent comprises: (a) 92.95% cellulose gum; (b) 7 _ 00% aluminum sulfate; And (e) 0.05% of Smithsonian white water softener. 34. The cover layer composition according to item 32 of the patent application scope, wherein the cover layer contains 100% wood fiber. Packing 35. If a patent is applied for The cover layer composition of the item 32 of the scope, wherein the cover layer contains 70% of wood fiber and 300 / () recycled newspaper. 6. The cover layer composition of the item 32 of the Shenjing patent scope, which Contains: 覆盖 Covering layer with dosage ranging from 4.5% to 7.00% by weight; humectant ranging from 0.05% to 0.35% by weight (expressed as weight percentage of added water volume); and line dosage ranging from 92.3 5 Water from 95% to 95.45% by weight. 37. The covering composition according to item 36 of the patent application scope, comprising: 5.85% by weight of the covering (expressed as a percentage of the volume of water added); Wetting agent in an amount of 0.20% by weight ( By weight of water added to volume expressed as a percentage); and an amount of 93.95% by weight of water, such as patent information covering layer composition of item 32, further comprising a seed. 8 8 8 8 A B c D 1243160 Patent application scope 39. The coating composition according to item 32 of the patent application scope, further comprising fertilizer. Loading line 69726-940602.doc This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)