1220448 A7 _ ___B7___ _ 五、發明說明（I ) 本發明關於一種爐柵燃燒裝置，具有一爐柵，它具有 由相鄰之爐柵元件構成的爐柵級，該爐柵級中各第二個爐 柵級可沿爐柵縱方向驅動以作煽動運動，且該各位在其中 間的爐柵級可固定，該爐柵燃燒裝置在爐柵下方具有驅動 裝置。 習知之具有交替設置的固定及可動的爐柵級的爐柵燃 燒裝置的爐柵在該爐柵下方具有一條整體呈階段狀的樑， 所要移動的爐柵級與該樑連接，且該樑具有單一驅動器。 在此，該樑的驅動裝置可設置在爐柵外，因此該驅動裝置 不會受到熱物質（它們經過爐柵掉落）的損壞。 人們設法將爐柵上的燃燒過程以更有利的方式影響， 因此進展到對個別或組合成組的可動爐柵級各設特別的驅 動裝置。這些驅動器在第一種變更方式中係位在原來的爐 柵模組側邊，這點使這些爐柵模組要相鄰呈多道設置的作 業變得困難或複雜，且所需之驅動桿很難密封。如果依第 二種變更方式，使驅動裝置位在爐柵下方，則如果熱物質 穿過爐柵過去，則往往對驅動裝置造成不利的損壞。如果 熱的（且可能有粘性的）物質呈液態滴到缸-活塞單元的活 塞桿上並在該處凝固，則這點很快就會導致活塞桿密封件 損場，並因此造成驅動裝置故障。驅動裝置故障的結果， 使爐柵燃燒裝置長期停工。 本發明的目的在提供一種爐柵燃燒裝置’它可使爐柵 的驅動器儘量簡單地設置在爐柵下方且受保護不致受爐柵 落下物損壞，且在操作繼續進行時可以更換驅動裝置。 -------3 ____________ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂-----.---、線. 1220448 A7 _ -____B7 _ 五、發明說明（> ) 在上述種類的爐柵燃燒裝置，這種目的依本發明達成 之道，係將該驅動裝置利用一殻體保護而設在該爐柵下方 Ο 利用這種本發明的設計，該驅動裝置可受保護免受到 一切由上通過爐柵進入下風室中的東西的損壞。 在其他有利的設計中，對各驅動裝置設有一特別的殻 體室’該殼體室可使得驅動裝置在連續操作時能作安裝或 更換。 在本發明另一特色中，驅動裝置的另一重附加的保護 係利用以下方式達成：將該殼體作熱絕緣，如果該在殼體 上在下風室拂掠過去的初級空氣受到大幅的預熱，則這種 殼體的熱絕緣顯示特別有利。爲了將由於熱絕緣達成的效 果更加強，在本發明另一特色中，可對各殼體設一種強迫 式通風。 在供應初級空氣(PrimSrluft英：primary air)時，爲了 避免高流阻方面的干擾，故用有利方式，將該殻體室設計 成對該爐栅燃燒裝置在至少一下風室中所供應的初級室空 氣的流動方向成流線形。 爲了一方面對各殻體室中的驅動裝置造成在各殼體室 中有利的裝入性質，另方面當數個殻體室前後相隨設置的 場合能達成對爐柵斜度有良好的配合，故在本發明另一有 利的設計中，係使先後相隨的殼體室呈階段形隨著該爐柵 斜度而互相呈一段段落差。 雖然基本上可對一個或數個所要移動的爐柵級可設一 __________ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ----------I illlm — J— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1220448 A7 ____B7 ____ 五、發明說明（4 ) 個驅動裝置，但事實顯示如果一個驅動裝置與各二個可動 的爐柵級配合，則甚有利。如此，在這兩個可動的爐柵級 之間有一個固定的爐柵級，如此造成最小之可調節的爐柵 單元。 本發明一種特別有利的設計在於：各驅動裝置至少包 含一油壓式缸-活塞單元，其活塞桿與一推桿連接，該推桿 呈密封方式穿過殻體壁通過去，且嵌在一滑架上，至少有 一個要移動的爐柵與該滑架連接。使用一條在一滑架（它 在導引件上導進）與驅動器缸的活塞桿之間的推桿有一好 處，即··該活塞桿之加工得特別細緻的表面一直留在該保 護作用的殻體中，因此不會有該工作缸的密封件由於活塞 桿受損而被損害之虞。如此，在殼體上的密封件的損壞（ 這種損壞可由於推桿上的沈積物而造成），就不會像在工 作缸的密封件的損壞的場合那樣造成嚴重的結果。 爲了將工作缸與滑架之間之接合部中的差裕度（容許 誤差）（Toleranz)〔它們可由於各種不同部件的製造、安裝 以及熱作用所造成〕抵消。故在本發明有利的進一步特色 中，該活塞桿利用一關節與該推桿連接。 個別的殻體之上述的階段狀的設置方式係本發明的另 一有利設計的前提，這種設計在於：該滑架在導引軌道上 導進，該導引軌道平行於該可動之爐柵級的運動軌道延伸 ，且各設在一相鄰之驅動裝置的殼體上方。 本發明在以下利用一實施例詳細說明。圖式中： 第1圖係經一爐柵燃燒裝置的縱剖面圖， 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 x 297公釐） 裝---1----tr-----.---•-線to <請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1220448 A7 _B7_ 五、發明說明（+ ) 第2圖係沿第1圖中線Π-Π的一剖面圖， (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 第3圖係沿第1圖中線m-m的一個部分剖面圖。 元件符號 ⑴ 送料漏斗， ⑺ 送料抬 (3) 送料裝置 ⑷ 爐柵 (4a)(4b) 爐柵軌道 (5) 堆積裝置 (6) 爐渣落下豎道 (7.1)(7.2)(7.3)(7.4) 下風室 (8.1)(8.2)(8.3)(8.4) 接頭 (9.1)(9.2)(9.3)(9.4) 滑架 (10)(11) 滾子對 (12) 導引軌道 (13)(14) 聯動器 (15)(16)(17) 爐柵級 (18)(18.1)(18.2)(18.3)(18.4) 驅動裝置 (19) 工作缸 po) 活塞桿 (21) 關節裝置 (22) 橫攜帶器 (23) 關節 (24) 推桿 ___6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 1220448 A7 ^_ B7 五、發明說明（$ ) (25)(25.1)〜（25.4) 殻體室 (26) 入口漏斗 (27) 側邊壓迫板 (28) 彈簧裝置 (30) 關節 (31) 蓋片 (32) 氣流橫截面 (35) 密封件 依第1 圖的一爐柵燃燒裝置包含一送料漏斗（1)、一個 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂---------r線· 送料裝置(3)〔它可在一送料枱(2)上方來回移動〕、一爐柵 (4)、一個堆積裝置(5)〔它設在爐柵末端，以將爐渣堆積〕 、以及一條爐渣落下豎道(6)〔該燃盡剩下的爐渣在該豎道 中落下去〕。 在爐柵⑷下方有四個互相分離的下風室(7.1)(7.2)(7.3) 與(7.4)，這些下風室各有接頭(8.1)〜（8.4)以分別供應初級 空氣，該初級空氣由下側向爐柵(4)吹，並穿過爐柵過去進 入爐柵上的可燃物（燃料），例如垃圾。 各下風室互相呈階段狀落差，循著該傾斜的爐柵(4)而 設。在各下風室上方設有一滑架(9·1)〜（9.4)，它設有一個 跑動滾子對（10)與（11)(特別是配合第3圖所示），該跑動 滾子對（10)(11)在導引軌道（12)中導進。在各滑架上設有聯 動器（13)與（14)，其中各聯動器與各一可動之爐柵級（15)或 (16)嵌合，燃燒爐柵交替地由可動的及固定的爐栅級構成 ，其中在各二個可動爐柵級（15)與（16)之間設有〜個固定的 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 1220448 A7 ______B7_ 五、發明說明（b ) 爐柵級（17)。因此各設有一個滑架（9)以將二個可動爐柵級 設有一個滑架(9)，以作驅動運動。導引軌道（12)平行於該 可動爐柵級（15)與（16)的運動方向對準。 有一驅動裝置〔整體用（18)表示〕用於將各一滑架(9) 及一個與它連接的爐柵級（15)或（16)移動，該驅動裝置（18) 包含一工作缸（19)、一個圖中未示的活塞（它可在該工作 缸中運動）、以及一活塞桿(2〇)。工作缸（19)利用一關節裝 置（21)固定在一橫攜帶器(22)上，而活塞桿(20)經一關節 (23)與一推桿(24)連接，該推桿(24)穿過一殼體（以下還要 作說明）的一密封件(35)過去。 除了驅動裝置（18.4)(該驅動裝置用於驅動爐渣落下 豎道前方不遠處的最後二個可動爐柵級）爲例外之外，各 驅動裝置係設在一個此實施例相關的殻體中，該殻體分劃 成殻體室，這些殻體室連續地用（25.2)〜（25.4)表示。這些 殻體室(25)〔它們可特別由第2及第3圖看出〕圍繞著並 保護驅動裝置（18.1)(18.2)(18.3)。驅動裝置（18.4)位於該爐 渣落下豎道(6)的一個「入口漏斗」（26)下方，且因此在爐 柵範圍之外，因此對這種驅動器不設殼體室。 如第2圖所示，在圖中所示之爐栅燃燒裝置有二條相 鄰之爐柵軌道，它們用(4a)與(4b)表示。各爐柵軌道位在側 邊壓迫板(27)之間，該側邊壓迫板(27)受彈簧裝置(28)施力 ，俾能將爐栅軌道之側向熱膨脹抵消。用於容納驅動裝置 (18)的殼體室(25)有熱絕緣件（19)且受到強迫強風，其中， 強迫通風的相關通道在圖中未示。與一關節(30)樞接的蓋 ____8 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公f )' (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) « — — — — — I— « — — — LI — ΙΪ — 1220448 A7 B7 五、發明說明（？） 片(31)可使驅動裝置（18)目旨女裝及維修。 如第2及第3圖所示，各殻體(25)設計成流線形，且 其設計與設置的方式使得在一下風室（7)的內壁(33)與殼體 室（25)的外壁（34)之間留一個大致保持相同的氣流橫截面 (32)。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 x 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ---- -----訂·----Γ I .1220448 A7 _ ___B7___ _ V. Description of the Invention (I) The present invention relates to a grate combustion device having a grate, which has a grate stage composed of adjacent grate elements, and each of the grate stages is a second one. The grate stage can be driven in the longitudinal direction of the grate for inciting movement, and the grate stage in the middle of the grate can be fixed. The grate combustion device has a driving device below the grate. A conventional grate with a fixed and movable grate burning device alternately provided with a grate combustion device has a whole stage beam below the grate. The grate stage to be moved is connected to the beam, and the beam has Single drive. Here, the drive of the beam can be located outside the grate, so that the drive is not damaged by hot material (they fall through the grate). People have tried to influence the combustion process on the grate in a more favorable way, so progress has been made to provide special driving devices for the movable grate stages individually or in groups. These drivers are located on the side of the original grate module in the first modification. This makes it difficult or complicated for these grate modules to be arranged in multiple channels next to each other, and the required driving rod Difficult to seal. If the driving device is located under the grate according to the second modification method, if the hot material passes through the grate, it will often cause adverse damage to the driving device. If hot (and possibly viscous) material drips and solidifies on the piston rod of the cylinder-piston unit in a liquid state, this can quickly cause damage to the piston rod seal field and thus cause drive failure . As a result of the failure of the driving device, the grate combustion device was stopped for a long time. The object of the present invention is to provide a grate combustion device, which can make the driver of the grate as simple as possible under the grate and protected from falling objects from the grate, and the driving device can be replaced when the operation is continued. ------- 3 ____________ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order -----.-- -, Line. 1220448 A7 _ -____ B7 _ 5. Description of the invention (>) In the above-mentioned type of grate combustion device, this purpose is achieved according to the present invention, and the drive device is protected by a casing and is provided at Beneath the grate ο With this design of the invention, the drive is protected from damage from everything that enters the downwind chamber through the grate from above. In other advantageous designs, a special housing chamber ' is provided for each drive device, which allows the drive device to be installed or replaced during continuous operation. In another feature of the present invention, another additional protection system of the driving device is achieved by using the following method: the casing is thermally insulated, and if the primary air that is swept over the casing in the downwind chamber is greatly preheated The thermal insulation of such a housing is particularly advantageous. In order to further enhance the effect achieved by thermal insulation, in another feature of the present invention, a forced ventilation may be provided for each case. When supplying primary air (Primary air), in order to avoid interference in terms of high flow resistance, the housing chamber is advantageously designed as the primary supply of the grate combustion device in at least the lower air chamber. The flow direction of the chamber air is streamlined. In order to cause the driving device in each housing chamber to have a favorable loading property in each housing chamber on the one hand, on the other hand, when a plurality of housing chambers are arranged one behind the other, a good cooperation with the slope of the grate can be achieved. Therefore, in another advantageous design of the present invention, the successive housing chambers are formed in stages with each other as the gradient of the grate. Although basically one or several grate levels to be moved can be set to __________ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ---------- I illlm — J— (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 1220448 A7 ____B7 ____ 5. Description of the invention (4) driving devices, but the fact shows that if one driving device cooperates with two movable grate stages each, It is very advantageous. Thus, there is a fixed grate stage between the two movable grate stages, which results in the smallest adjustable grate unit. A particularly advantageous design of the present invention is that each driving device includes at least one hydraulic cylinder-piston unit, the piston rod of which is connected to a push rod, the push rod passes through the housing wall in a sealed manner, and is embedded in a At least one grate to be moved is connected to the carriage. There is an advantage to using a push rod between a carriage (which is guided on the guide) and the piston rod of the driver cylinder, that is, the particularly finely machined surface of the piston rod remains in the protective role In the housing, there is no risk that the seal of the cylinder will be damaged due to damage to the piston rod. In this way, damage to the seal on the housing (this damage can be caused by deposits on the pushrod) will not cause serious consequences as in the case of damage to the seal on the cylinder. In order to offset the tolerances (toleranz) in the joints between the cylinder and the carriage [they can be caused by the manufacture, installation and thermal effects of various components]. Therefore, in a further advantageous feature of the invention, the piston rod is connected to the push rod using a joint. The above-mentioned stepwise arrangement of the individual shells is a prerequisite for another advantageous design of the present invention. This design consists in that the carriage is guided on a guide track that is parallel to the movable grate. The moving tracks of the stages are extended, and each is arranged above the casing of an adjacent driving device. The present invention is described in detail below using an embodiment. In the figure: Figure 1 is a longitudinal section view of a furnace burning device. The paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm). --- 1 ---- tr-- ---.--- • -line to < Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 1220448 A7 _B7_ V. Description of the invention (+) Figure 2 is a line along the line Π-Π in Figure 1. Sectional view, (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Figure 3 is a partial sectional view along the line mm in Figure 1. Component symbol ⑴ Feeding funnel, ⑺ Feeding lift (3) Feeding device 栅 Grate (4a) (4b) Grate track (5) Stacking device (6) Slag drop shaft (7.1) (7.2) (7.3) (7.4) Downwind chamber (8.1) (8.2) (8.3) (8.4) Joint (9.1) (9.2) (9.3) (9.4) Carriage (10) (11) Roller pair (12) Guide rail (13) (14) ) Coupling (15) (16) (17) Grate stage (18) (18.1) (18.2) (18.3) (18.4) Drive unit (19) Cylinder po) Piston rod (21) Joint device (22) Horizontal Carrying device (23) Joint (24) Putter ___6 This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 1220448 A7 ^ _ B7 V. Description of the invention ($) (25) (25.1) ~ (25.4) Housing chamber (26) Inlet funnel (27) Side compression plate (28) Spring device (30) Joint (31) Cover sheet (32) Air cross section (35) Seal The grate combustion device includes a feeding funnel (1), one (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Order --------- r line · feeding device (3) Move back and forth above the table (2)], a furnace grid (4), a stacking device (5) (it is located in the furnace The end of the grid to accumulate slag], and a slag is dropped into the vertical channel (6) [the remaining slag that has been burned down falls in the vertical channel]. There are four separate downwind chambers (7.1) (7.2) (7.3) and (7.4) below the grate ⑷. These downwind chambers have joints (8.1) ~ (8.4) to supply the primary air respectively. The air is blown from the lower side toward the grate (4) and passes through the grate to enter the combustibles (fuel), such as garbage, on the grate. The downwind chambers are stepped down from each other, and are arranged along the inclined grate (4). A carriage (9 · 1) ~ (9.4) is provided above each leeward chamber, and it is provided with a pair of running rollers (10) and (11) (especially as shown in Figure 3). The roller pair (10) (11) is guided in the guide track (12). There are linkages (13) and (14) on each carriage, wherein each linkage is fitted with a movable grate stage (15) or (16), and the combustion grate is alternately made of movable and fixed Grate stage structure, where there are ~ fixed between the two movable grate stages (15) and (16). This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 1220448 A7 ______B7_ 5. Description of the invention (b) Grate level (17). Therefore, one carriage (9) is provided for each of the two movable grate stages for one drive movement (9). The guide track (12) is aligned parallel to the moving directions of the movable grate stages (15) and (16). There is a driving device (indicated by (18) as a whole) for moving each carriage (9) and a grate stage (15) or (16) connected to it. The driving device (18) includes a working cylinder ( 19), a piston (not shown) (which can move in the working cylinder), and a piston rod (20). The working cylinder (19) is fixed on a horizontal carrier (22) by a joint device (21), and the piston rod (20) is connected to a push rod (24) through a joint (23), and the push rod (24) A seal (35) passes through a housing (described below). Except for the driving device (18.4) (the driving device is used to drive the last two movable grate stages not far in front of the slag dropping shaft), each driving device is provided in a casing related to this embodiment The shell is divided into shell chambers, and these shell chambers are successively represented by (25.2) to (25.4). These housing chambers (25) (which can be seen particularly in Figures 2 and 3) surround and protect the drive unit (18.1) (18.2) (18.3). The drive unit (18.4) is located below an "inlet funnel" (26) of the slag drop shaft (6) and is therefore outside the range of the grate, so no housing is provided for this drive. As shown in Figure 2, the grate burning device shown in the figure has two adjacent grate rails, which are indicated by (4a) and (4b). Each grate rail is located between the side compression plates (27). The side compression plates (27) are urged by the spring device (28), which can offset the lateral thermal expansion of the grate rails. The housing chamber (25) for accommodating the driving device (18) is provided with a thermal insulation member (19) and is subjected to forced strong wind, wherein the relevant channels of forced ventilation are not shown in the figure. The cover pivoted to a joint (30) ____8 This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 male f) '(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) «— — — — — I— «— — — LI — ΙΪ — 1220448 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (?) The piece (31) enables the driving device (18) to be worn and repaired. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, each casing (25) is designed to be streamlined, and the design and installation manner is such that the inner wall (33) of the lower air chamber (7) and the casing chamber (25) An outer air cross-section (32) is maintained between the outer walls (34) that remains approximately the same. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 x 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) ---- ----- Order · ---- Γ I.