CA2396294C - Grate furnace - Google Patents
Grate furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2396294C CA2396294C CA002396294A CA2396294A CA2396294C CA 2396294 C CA2396294 C CA 2396294C CA 002396294 A CA002396294 A CA 002396294A CA 2396294 A CA2396294 A CA 2396294A CA 2396294 C CA2396294 C CA 2396294C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- grate
- furnace
- steps
- housing
- case
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
- F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
- F23H7/08—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H17/00—Details of grates
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
- Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
Abstract
A grate furnace with a grate (4) consisting of grate steps (15, 16, 17) composed [lacuna] grate elements lying next to one another, of which grate steps in each case every second grate step (15, 17) in the longitudinal direction of the grate can be driven for carrying out stoking movements and the grate steps (17) in each case lying therebetween can be fixed, has drive devices (18) under the grate, which are in each case arranged in housing chambers (25) and are in this way protected against impairment caused by material falling through the grate.
Description
Martin GmbH fur Umwelt-and Energietechnik Our reference: 0011104/DE
GRATE FURNACE
The invention relates to a grate furnace with a grate consisting of grate steps composed [lacuna) grate elements lying next to one another, of which grate steps in each case every second grate step in the longitudinal direction of the grate can be driven for carrying out stoking movements and the grate steps in each case lying therebetween are stationary, the drive devices for the movable grate steps being arranged under the grate.
Known grates of grate furnaces with alternately arranged fixed and movable grate steps had a continuous stepped beam under the grate, to which beam the grate steps to be moved were connected and which beam had a single drive. In this connection, it was possible to arrange the drive device for this beam outside the grate, so that this drive device was not impaired by hot materials falling through the grate.
GRATE FURNACE
The invention relates to a grate furnace with a grate consisting of grate steps composed [lacuna) grate elements lying next to one another, of which grate steps in each case every second grate step in the longitudinal direction of the grate can be driven for carrying out stoking movements and the grate steps in each case lying therebetween are stationary, the drive devices for the movable grate steps being arranged under the grate.
Known grates of grate furnaces with alternately arranged fixed and movable grate steps had a continuous stepped beam under the grate, to which beam the grate steps to be moved were connected and which beam had a single drive. In this connection, it was possible to arrange the drive device for this beam outside the grate, so that this drive device was not impaired by hot materials falling through the grate.
With the endeavor to influence the combustion process on the grate in a still better way, the approach changed to providing separate drive devices in each case for individual or grouped-together movable grate steps. In a first variant, these devices, were then located at the side next to the actual grate module, which complicated or made more difficult a multiple-path arrangement of these grate modules next to one another and required drive linkages which were difficult to seal. When, according to a second variant, the drive devices were located under the grate, there were always disadvantageous consequences when hot materials came through the grate. If hot and perhaps sticky materials in liquid form drip onto the piston rods of cylinder/piston units and solidify there, this then leads very rapidly to the piston rod seal being damaged and thus to the failure of this drive device.
The consequence of the failure of a drive device is the relatively long-term shutdown of the grate furnace.
It is an object of the invention to produce a grate furnace which both makes possible an arrangement of the drives under the grate which is as simple as possible and protected against material falling through the grate, and also allows exchange of the drive devices during continuous operation.
The consequence of the failure of a drive device is the relatively long-term shutdown of the grate furnace.
It is an object of the invention to produce a grate furnace which both makes possible an arrangement of the drives under the grate which is as simple as possible and protected against material falling through the grate, and also allows exchange of the drive devices during continuous operation.
According to the invention, there is provided a grate furnace with a grate consisting of grate steps composed of grate elements lying next to one another, of which grate steps in each case every second grate step in the longitudinal direction of the grate is a moveable grate step which can be driven for carrying out stoking movements and the grate steps in each case lying therebetween are stationary, wherein drive devices for the moveable grate steps are arranged under the grate, protected by housings, and wherein a separate housing chamber is provided for each drive device.
By virtue of this embodiment according to the invention, the drive devices are protected against everything which may enter the underblast chamber from above through the grate.
In a further advantageous embodiment, a separate housing chamber, which makes possible assembly or exchange of the drive device during continuous operation, is provided for each drive device.
An additional protection for the drive devices is achieved in a further embodiment of the invention by virtue of the fact that each housing is thermally insulated. This proves to be advantageous especially when the primary air sweeping past the housing in the underblast chamber is very greatly preheated. In order further to increase the effect achieved by the thermal insulation, forced ventilation can be provided for each housing in a development of the invention.
By virtue of this embodiment according to the invention, the drive devices are protected against everything which may enter the underblast chamber from above through the grate.
In a further advantageous embodiment, a separate housing chamber, which makes possible assembly or exchange of the drive device during continuous operation, is provided for each drive device.
An additional protection for the drive devices is achieved in a further embodiment of the invention by virtue of the fact that each housing is thermally insulated. This proves to be advantageous especially when the primary air sweeping past the housing in the underblast chamber is very greatly preheated. In order further to increase the effect achieved by the thermal insulation, forced ventilation can be provided for each housing in a development of the invention.
In order to a great extent to avoid disruption in the primary air supply in connection with an increased flow resistance, provision is advantageously made that the housing chamber is of streamlined design in the flow direction of the primary air supplied for the grate furnace in at least one underblast chamber.
In order on the one hand to create favorable installation conditions for the drive device in each housing chamber and on the other hand to achieve good adaptation to the grate inclination in the case of several housing chambers arranged one behind the other, provision is made in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention that successive housing chambers are staggered in relation to one another in a stepped manner following the grate inclination.
Although one drive device can in principle be provided for one or more grate steps to be moved, it has been found to be advantageous if a drive device is in each case assigned to two movable grate steps. A stationary grate step is then located between these two movable grate steps, in which way the smallest controllable grate unit is created.
In order on the one hand to create favorable installation conditions for the drive device in each housing chamber and on the other hand to achieve good adaptation to the grate inclination in the case of several housing chambers arranged one behind the other, provision is made in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention that successive housing chambers are staggered in relation to one another in a stepped manner following the grate inclination.
Although one drive device can in principle be provided for one or more grate steps to be moved, it has been found to be advantageous if a drive device is in each case assigned to two movable grate steps. A stationary grate step is then located between these two movable grate steps, in which way the smallest controllable grate unit is created.
An especially advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that each drive device comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder/piston unit, the piston rod of which is connected to a push rod which is guided in a sealed manner through the housing wall and engages on a carriage, to which at least one grate step to be moved is connected. The use of a push rod between a carriage guided on guides and the piston rod of the drive cylinder has the advantage that the particularly finely machined surface of the piston rod always remains in the protective housing, so that there is no risk of the seal of the working cylinder being damaged by impairment of the piston rod. Damage to the seal on the housing, which may occur as a result of deposits on the push rod, do not then have any serious consequences as may occur in the event of damage to the seal of the working cylinder.
In order to compensate tolerances in the connection between the working cylinder and the carriage,' which may arise as a result of the manufacture of the various parts, assembly and also thermal action, provision is made in an advantageous development of the invention that the piston rod is connected to the push rod by an articulation.
In order to compensate tolerances in the connection between the working cylinder and the carriage,' which may arise as a result of the manufacture of the various parts, assembly and also thermal action, provision is made in an advantageous development of the invention that the piston rod is connected to the push rod by an articulation.
The stepped arrangement described above of the individual housings affords the prerequisite for a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, which consists in that the carriages are guided on guide tracks which run parallel to the movement paths of the movable grate steps and are in each case arranged above a housing of an adjacent drive arrangement.
The invention is explained in greater detail below with reference to an illustrative embodiment. In the drawing:
figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a grate furnace;
figure 2 shows a section along the line II-II in figure 1, and figure 3 shows a part section along the line III-III
in figure 1.
A grate furnace according to figure 1 comprises a charging hopper 1, a charging device 3 which can move to and fro over a charging table 2, a grate 4, a collecting device 5 arranged at the end of the grate _ 7 _ for collecting the ash, and an ash chute 6 into which the burnt ash falls.
Situated under the grate 4 are four mutually separate underblast chambers 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 and 7.4. These underblast chambers each have connections 8.1 to 8.4 for the separate supply of primary air, which is blown toward the grate 4 from the underside and through the grate into the fuel lying on the grate, for example refuse .
The underblast chambers are arranged in a stepped staggered manner in relation to one another following the inclined grate 4. Arranged above each underblast chamber is a carriage 9.1 to 9.4 which, as can be seen in connection with Figure 3 in particular, is in each case provided with two roller pairs 10 and 11 which are guided in guide tracks 12. Arranged on each carriage are drivers 13 and 14, each of which is in engagement with a movable grate step 15 and, respectively, 16. The furnace grate is composed of in each case alternately movable and stationary grate steps, a stationary grate step 17 being provided in each case between two movable grate steps 15 and 16. A carriage 9 is therefore provided for the motive drive of two movable grate steps. The guide tracks 12 are aligned parallel to the movement direction of the movable grate steps 15 and 16.
A drive device designated as a whole by reference number 18, which comprises a working cylinder 19, a piston (not shown in the drawing) which is movable in the working cylinder, and a piston rod 20, serves for displacing each carriage 9 and the grate steps 15 and 16 connected thereto. The working cylinder 19 is fastened to a transverse beam 22 by means of an articulation arrangement 21, while the piston rod 20 is connected via an articulation 23 to a push rod 24 which extends through a seal 35 of a housing to be described below.
Each drive device, with the exception of the drive device 18.4 which serves for the drive of the last two movable grate steps just before the ash chute, are [sic] arranged in a housing 25 which is continuous in the illustrative embodiment and is divided into housing chambers which are designated by reference numbers 25.2 to 25.4 below. These housing chambers 25, which can be seen from Figures 2 and 3 in particular, surround the drive devices 18.1, 18.2 and 18.3 in a protective manner. The drive arrangement 1$.4 is situated under a feed hopper 26 for the ash chute 6 and is consequently located outside the grate region, for which reason a housing chamber is not provided for this drive.
As can be seen from figure 2, the grate furnace illustrated in the drawing has two grate paths next to one another, which are designated by reference numbers 4a and 4b. The grate paths concerned are situated between lateral pressing plates 27 which are loaded by spring arrangements 28 in order to be capable of compensating lateral thermal expansion of the grate paths. The housing chambers 25 for accommodating the drive devices 18 have thermal insulation 29 and forced ventilation, the corresponding ducts for the forced ventilation not being shown in the drawing. Flaps 31 articulated by means of an articulation 3'0 make possible assembly and maintenance of the drive devices 18.
As can be seen from figures 2 and 3, the housings 25 concerned are of streamlined design and configured and arranged in such a manner that an essentially constant flow cross section 32 remains in each case between the inner wall 33 of an underblast chamber 7 and the outer wall 34 of the housing 25.
The invention is explained in greater detail below with reference to an illustrative embodiment. In the drawing:
figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a grate furnace;
figure 2 shows a section along the line II-II in figure 1, and figure 3 shows a part section along the line III-III
in figure 1.
A grate furnace according to figure 1 comprises a charging hopper 1, a charging device 3 which can move to and fro over a charging table 2, a grate 4, a collecting device 5 arranged at the end of the grate _ 7 _ for collecting the ash, and an ash chute 6 into which the burnt ash falls.
Situated under the grate 4 are four mutually separate underblast chambers 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 and 7.4. These underblast chambers each have connections 8.1 to 8.4 for the separate supply of primary air, which is blown toward the grate 4 from the underside and through the grate into the fuel lying on the grate, for example refuse .
The underblast chambers are arranged in a stepped staggered manner in relation to one another following the inclined grate 4. Arranged above each underblast chamber is a carriage 9.1 to 9.4 which, as can be seen in connection with Figure 3 in particular, is in each case provided with two roller pairs 10 and 11 which are guided in guide tracks 12. Arranged on each carriage are drivers 13 and 14, each of which is in engagement with a movable grate step 15 and, respectively, 16. The furnace grate is composed of in each case alternately movable and stationary grate steps, a stationary grate step 17 being provided in each case between two movable grate steps 15 and 16. A carriage 9 is therefore provided for the motive drive of two movable grate steps. The guide tracks 12 are aligned parallel to the movement direction of the movable grate steps 15 and 16.
A drive device designated as a whole by reference number 18, which comprises a working cylinder 19, a piston (not shown in the drawing) which is movable in the working cylinder, and a piston rod 20, serves for displacing each carriage 9 and the grate steps 15 and 16 connected thereto. The working cylinder 19 is fastened to a transverse beam 22 by means of an articulation arrangement 21, while the piston rod 20 is connected via an articulation 23 to a push rod 24 which extends through a seal 35 of a housing to be described below.
Each drive device, with the exception of the drive device 18.4 which serves for the drive of the last two movable grate steps just before the ash chute, are [sic] arranged in a housing 25 which is continuous in the illustrative embodiment and is divided into housing chambers which are designated by reference numbers 25.2 to 25.4 below. These housing chambers 25, which can be seen from Figures 2 and 3 in particular, surround the drive devices 18.1, 18.2 and 18.3 in a protective manner. The drive arrangement 1$.4 is situated under a feed hopper 26 for the ash chute 6 and is consequently located outside the grate region, for which reason a housing chamber is not provided for this drive.
As can be seen from figure 2, the grate furnace illustrated in the drawing has two grate paths next to one another, which are designated by reference numbers 4a and 4b. The grate paths concerned are situated between lateral pressing plates 27 which are loaded by spring arrangements 28 in order to be capable of compensating lateral thermal expansion of the grate paths. The housing chambers 25 for accommodating the drive devices 18 have thermal insulation 29 and forced ventilation, the corresponding ducts for the forced ventilation not being shown in the drawing. Flaps 31 articulated by means of an articulation 3'0 make possible assembly and maintenance of the drive devices 18.
As can be seen from figures 2 and 3, the housings 25 concerned are of streamlined design and configured and arranged in such a manner that an essentially constant flow cross section 32 remains in each case between the inner wall 33 of an underblast chamber 7 and the outer wall 34 of the housing 25.
Claims (9)
1. A grate furnace with a grate consisting of grate steps composed of grate elements lying next to one another, of which grate steps in each case every second grate step in the longitudinal direction of the grate is a moveable grate step which can be driven for carrying out stoking movements and the grate steps in each case lying therebetween are stationary, wherein drive devices for the moveable grate steps are arranged under the grate, protected by housings, and wherein a separate housing chamber is provided for each drive device.
2. The grate furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein each housing chamber is thermally insulated.
3. The grate furnace as claimed in one of claims 1 or 2, wherein forced ventilation is provided for each housing chamber.
4. The grate furnace as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the housing is of streamlined design in the flow direction of the primary air supplied for the grate furnace in at least one underblast chamber.
5. The grate furnace as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein successive housing chambers are staggered in relation to one another in a stepped manner following the grate inclination.
6. The grate furnace as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a drive device is in each case assigned to two movable grate steps.
7. The grate furnace as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein each drive device comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder/piston unit, the piston rod of which is connected to a push rod which is guided in a sealed manner through the housing wall and engages on a carriage, to which at least one grate step to be moved is connected.
8. The grate furnace as claimed in claim 7, wherein the piston rod is connected to the push rod by an articulation.
9. The grate furnace as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the carriages are guided on guide tracks which run parallel to the movement paths of the movable grate steps and are in each case arranged above the housing chamber of an adjacent drive device.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10137520.4 | 2001-08-01 | ||
DE10137520A DE10137520B4 (en) | 2001-08-01 | 2001-08-01 | grate |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2396294A1 CA2396294A1 (en) | 2003-02-01 |
CA2396294C true CA2396294C (en) | 2006-09-05 |
Family
ID=7693881
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002396294A Expired - Lifetime CA2396294C (en) | 2001-08-01 | 2002-07-31 | Grate furnace |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20030024449A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1281913B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3831311B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE399962T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0203032B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2396294C (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ302839B6 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10137520B4 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1281913T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2190909T3 (en) |
NO (1) | NO324288B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL198741B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT1281913E (en) |
RU (1) | RU2226650C1 (en) |
SG (1) | SG98065A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI220448B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH703509B1 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2014-08-29 | Doikos Investments Ltd | Water-cooled thrust combustion grate with a hydraulic drive for its movable grate plates. |
PL2584264T3 (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2014-11-28 | Martin Gmbh Fuer Umwelt Und Energietechnik | Grate stage module for a push combustion grate |
CN102865581B (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2015-06-24 | 吕庆忠 | Synchronous driving device for mechanical fire grate of fire grate type solid waste incinerator |
DE102014202591A1 (en) | 2014-02-13 | 2015-08-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Transformation of metal carbonate into metal chloride |
DE102014202593A1 (en) | 2014-02-13 | 2015-08-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Transformation of metal carbonate into metal chloride |
RU2611079C2 (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2017-02-21 | Станислав Анатольевич Прохоров | Solid-fuel boiler |
CN105543473B (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-05-17 | 中冶北方(大连)工程技术有限公司 | Chain grate machine resetting device with fault monitoring function |
CN109899777A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-18 | 杭州良辰电子商务有限公司 | A kind of boiler |
CN111076163A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-28 | 河南农业大学 | Straw bundle burning boiler with reciprocating grate |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4111134A (en) * | 1976-10-22 | 1978-09-05 | Morse Boulger, Inc. | Bearing assembly for a stoker carriage |
CH637198A5 (en) * | 1979-03-14 | 1983-07-15 | Widmer & Ernst Ag | BURNING GRATE FOR COMBUSTION OVENS. |
FI85420C (en) * | 1987-12-22 | 1992-04-10 | Ahlstroem Oy | ANORDNING VID SNEDROST I FOERBRAENNINGSUGNS ELDSTAD. |
DE4105328C1 (en) * | 1991-02-18 | 1992-11-19 | Noell - K + K Abfalltechnik Gmbh, 4040 Neuss, De | |
US5528992A (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1996-06-25 | Wheelabrator Environmental Systems, Inc. | Reciprocating combustion grate guide system |
CH688840A5 (en) * | 1994-11-17 | 1998-04-15 | Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag | Cooled grate block. |
NO312644B1 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 2002-06-10 | Doikos Investments Ltd | Water cooled pressure combustion grate |
-
2001
- 2001-08-01 DE DE10137520A patent/DE10137520B4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-07-12 DK DK02015729T patent/DK1281913T3/en active
- 2002-07-12 PT PT02015729T patent/PT1281913E/en unknown
- 2002-07-12 DE DE50212424T patent/DE50212424D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-12 ES ES02015729T patent/ES2190909T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-12 AT AT02015729T patent/ATE399962T1/en active
- 2002-07-12 EP EP02015729A patent/EP1281913B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-16 TW TW091115802A patent/TWI220448B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-23 CZ CZ20022562A patent/CZ302839B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-24 SG SG200204503A patent/SG98065A1/en unknown
- 2002-07-24 JP JP2002215317A patent/JP3831311B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-31 BR BRPI0203032-2A patent/BR0203032B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-31 RU RU2002120938/06A patent/RU2226650C1/en active
- 2002-07-31 PL PL355266A patent/PL198741B1/en unknown
- 2002-07-31 CA CA002396294A patent/CA2396294C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-31 NO NO20023649A patent/NO324288B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-08-01 US US10/210,156 patent/US20030024449A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CZ20022562A3 (en) | 2003-03-12 |
DK1281913T3 (en) | 2008-11-10 |
PL198741B1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
RU2226650C1 (en) | 2004-04-10 |
ES2190909T3 (en) | 2008-12-16 |
SG98065A1 (en) | 2003-08-20 |
PT1281913E (en) | 2008-10-08 |
DE10137520A1 (en) | 2003-02-20 |
RU2002120938A (en) | 2004-01-27 |
DE50212424D1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
CA2396294A1 (en) | 2003-02-01 |
NO324288B1 (en) | 2007-09-17 |
TWI220448B (en) | 2004-08-21 |
JP2003065526A (en) | 2003-03-05 |
JP3831311B2 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
CZ302839B6 (en) | 2011-12-07 |
EP1281913B1 (en) | 2008-07-02 |
NO20023649L (en) | 2003-02-03 |
DE10137520B4 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
EP1281913A3 (en) | 2003-04-09 |
ATE399962T1 (en) | 2008-07-15 |
BR0203032A (en) | 2003-09-09 |
US20030024449A1 (en) | 2003-02-06 |
PL355266A1 (en) | 2003-02-10 |
EP1281913A2 (en) | 2003-02-05 |
BR0203032B1 (en) | 2010-12-28 |
NO20023649D0 (en) | 2002-07-31 |
ES2190909T1 (en) | 2003-09-01 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20220802 |