1220153 玖、發明說*明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種包括使被供仏 供、、、σ到内部的處理物進行流 動的流化床、將從該流化床排出的排出氣體進行固氣分離 並收集固態組分的旋風分離器、和在該旋風分離器中將被 收集的上述固態組分送回到上述流化床的回流管，可用於 例如辨水污泥和垃圾等廢棄物等的焚燒處理的循環流化床 爐0 【先前技術】 作為這種用於廢棄物的焚燒處理的循環流化床爐，一 般可知的有：向流化床供給處理物（廢棄物）並在使复一 面流動-面燃燒的㈣’將自該流化床排出的排出氣體供 給至高速旋風分離器（h()t eyelGne)中進行固氣分離，使 固態組分通過回流管再循環到上述流化床中。在這種循产 流化床爐中，被供給至上述流化床中的處理物，首先進： 乾燥、升溫，接著被熱分解為氫氣、甲烷、一氧化碳、^ 氣等可燃性氣體和以碳元素為主要成分的固態組分$焦= 物）。而且，這樣被熱分解的可燃性氣體和焦化物，隨被 供給到上述流化床中的流動流體（一般為高溫空氣）思^ 在通過在該流化床進行燃燒而產生的燃燒氣體或一部分= 動介質（一般為石夕砂）—起排出，#上述被供給至高= 風刀離器中，流動介質或顆粒大的焦化物等固態組^被， 旋風分離器收集並進行分離，送回上述流化床下部進^= 1220153 *另外上述可燃性氣體令燃燒速度快的氫氣和甲烷等 ，在自流化床被供給到高速旋風分離器的期間、或在該高 速旋風分離以，通過作為一起排出的流動流體的上述： 氣中的氧氣來進行燃燒，並與上述燃燒氣體—起被排出， 再通過排氣處理設備和餘熱回收設備進行處理。 仁疋，通過這種循環流化床爐，在將上述的廢棄物等 處理物進订焚燒處理時，由於因該廢棄物產生#心〇、 K20等驗金屬鹽和磷化合物等低熔點物質附著、濃縮在流 動介質的表面’故流動介質間變得易附著（結塊現象）而 枯著在回流管心據此，有在回流管中引起阻塞的危險。 並且’在這種廢棄物的焚燒處理中，& 了使上述可燃性氣 -中的;L、k速度丨I的—氧化碳、氨氣或者燃燒速度也慢的 焦化物充分燃燒’不得不升高爐内溫度，目此，由上述低 熔點物質的附著、濃縮引起的結塊現象也更加容易產生。 另外k種回流官的阻塞，例如，由於被裱襯在流化床的 内壁上的耐火材料的碎片脫落而掉在流化床底部，故堵塞 =該流化床底部的流動用空氣的供給裝i (分散管和分 月反’在向流化床回流的回流管的連接部周邊上，產生 ::2質的机動不1’隨之而來，也有引起回流管内的流 二貝水平面（level)上升的危險’若產生這種回流管的 阻塞，則理應被送回到流化床的流動介質不被返回，從而 ’不可能由流化床產生虛搜4 座生處理物的流動，也不可能進行其處 理。 【發明内容】 本發明鑒於上述的η ,問碭點，其目的在於提供一種枷制 上述的回流管内的固離 p制 回到m 塞，將流動介質可靠地送 «至i/爪化床中，可通過處 理的循環流化床爐。 ^且可㈣流動來進行處 為解決上述問顳，洁；^丨、丄 床爐，包括： 相-個目的，本發明的循環流化 *使被供給到内部的處理物進行流動的流化床、將從該 ^化床排出的排氣進行固氣分離並收集㈣組 離器、在該旋風分離器中將被收集的上述固態組分送回； 上述流化床的回流管，其特徵在於：在該回流管中，具有 除去滯留在該回流官内的上述固態組分的堵塞抑制裝置。 從而，利用這種循環流化床爐，即使由於上述的流動介質 的結塊現象和流動石_ & + ^ 匕勁不良而在回流官内產生固態組分阻塞， 也可將造成該阻塞的滞留在回流管上的關組分、通過上 述堵，抑制裝置除去，這樣，可抑制回流管的堵塞並使流 動介質可靠地進行循環，使處理物穩定且順暢地進行流動 从在此，作為上述堵塞抑制裝置，第i •可使用向上述回 胤e二入壓縮空氣的空氣喷射器，利用自該空氣喷射器吹 進的壓縮空氣，吹掉附著在回流管内的固態組分，且壓低 回抓e内的流動介質水平面，可除去滞留的固態組分。另 外，第2·可使用給予回流管以振動的振動裝置，通過由該 振動裝置給予回流管的振動，可振掉附著在回流管内壁的 1220153 固悲組分和自流化床上升的流動介質，除去滯留物。進而 第3 ·也可使用收容在上述回流管内的可膨脹收縮的氣球 ，田回/瓜官内產生阻塞時，通過使該氣球膨脹，粉碎除去 呈橋狀附著在回流管内壁上的固態組分，同時，也可實現 ， 壓下流動介質水平面的目的。 t 另一方面，在上述流化床或回流管上，具有檢測該回 流官内的上述固態組分的滞留狀況的堵塞檢測裝置，若根 據該堵塞檢測|置的㈣結I可使上述堵塞抑制冑置進行 工作，就可在回流管内的固態組分的滞留狀況未影響到流 _ 動前’除去該滯留的固態組分，可更加可靠且穩定地進行 處理。這樣，在利用該循環流化床爐焚燒處理處理物過程 中，在上述流化床上，在具有燃燒該處理物用的燃燒空氣 的供給裝置時，因為若在回流管中產生滞留而使流化床内 的流動介質❹，則該職空氣的流量與壓力&比值升高 ’所將上述堵塞檢測裝置設定成：若測定該燃燒空氣 的流量與壓力來檢測上述固態組分的滯留狀況，則可例如 只要上述燃燒空氣的流量與壓力的比值超過了規定值，就 * 使上述堵塞抑制裝置進行工作，由此，不給操作者增加負 擔，在初期階段除去滯留在回流管内的固態組分，能達到 更穩定地進行處理。而且，在上述流化床的底部，具有使 上述處理物流動的流動空氣的供給裝置，同時，上述回流 管在該流動空氣的供給裝置的上方與該流化床連接時二 於在該回流管的向流化床的連接部和上述供給裝置之間、 具有將-部分上述流動空氣吹入流化床内的吹嘴，故即使 9 1220153 由於上述的耐火物的掉下而阻塞供給裝置，也可穩定地向 流化床内供給流動空氣，以防止流動介質的流動不良，可 將回流管内的流動介質水平面上升防範於未然。 【實施方式】 第一圖至第七圖表示在用於髒水污泥和垃圾等廢棄物 的焚燒處理的循環流化床爐上、應用本發明時的一實施例 。本實施例的循環流化床爐，大致由使被供給到内部的處 理物D與矽砂等流動介質M 一起流動的流化床丨、將自該 流化床1排出的排氣G進行固氣分離並收集固態組分s的 1 旋風分離器2、和在該旋風分離器2中將被收集的固態組分 S送回到流化床1的回流管3構成。同時，這些流化床i、 旋風分離器2及回流管3，其外壁部由金屬製成，而内壁部 裱襯有耐火材料。 流化床1，大致成相對於内徑、其中心軸線的〇方向 的長度非常長的縱向型的有底圓筒狀，其底面被形成為越 向内周側越向下方凹陷的凹圓錐面狀，在該底面的中央部 上’ δ又置具有輪式塞4A( caster stopper )的流動介質]VI的 排出口 4。另外，在該底面的正上方的流化床丨内底部上， 作為本實施例的流動空氣A的供給裝置，多根（本實施例 中為5根）分散管5 ···被自流化床1的外部插入並突出 到该流化床1内，使其如第二圖所示，在截面呈圓形的流 化床1的内周部的大致整個範圍上相互平行且等隔地並列 配置在與上述軸線〇垂直相交的水平面上，這些分散管5 1220153 .·.的流化床1外的端部與流動空氣A的供給管6相連 接’同時在突出到流化庆〗 ^ y 床1内的部分上向設有朝向上方的 多個吹出口（圖示略）。 而且’在流化床1的下部’在分散管5 . •的上方， 設置有上述回流管3的向流化床1的連接部7的開口，同 時在料接部7和上述分散管m設有將自這些 刀政官5 ...應供給的_部分流動空氣A分支並經常吹入 流化床1内的吹嘴8。該吹嘴8在本實施例中，多根（本實 施例中為3根）吹嘴8.在軸線。方向大致位於上述 分散管5和連接部7的中央部’在周方向上大致位於上述 連接部7的正下方，以分別自上述軸線〇的徑方向水平延 伸，且相互在周方向上以等間隔的方式被插入，但是，盆 前端被開口在連接部7的大致正下方的流化床i内壁部:、 而且，在與這些吹嘴8...沿軸線〇方向略相同的高度上 ，多根（本實施例中為4根）氣管9，以不與吹嘴8相干涉 地避開該吹嘴8’以在周方向上等間隔地自軸線〇的徑方 向延伸，朝向流化床1的内周側（軸線〇侧）以沿稍微斜 下方傾斜的方式被插入，且，其前端開口在流化床丨内壁 部。 另外，在與流化床丨下部的上述連接部7大致相同高 度上’作為本實施例的燃燒空氣B的供給裝置，多根（本 實施例中為6根）供給管1〇· ··，如第三圖所示，避開 上述連接部7在周方向上大致成等間距的放射狀、並朝向 内周側以比上述氣體管9還要大的傾斜以稍微沿斜向下方 11 1220153 傾斜的方式被插入，且其前端開口在流化床1内壁部。進 一步，在這些供給管10· ··上，作為本實施例的堵塞檢 測裝置，測定自各供給管10供給的上述燃燒空氣B的流量 的流量計11及測定壓力的的壓力的壓力計12被設在所有 供給管1 〇 ···上，依次測定所有自供給管1 〇 ···供給 的燃燒空氣B的流量及壓力，並可將其測定結果輸入到未 圖示的電腦等運算控制裝置中。1220153 Technical description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a fluidized bed including a fluid to be treated, supplied, and σ to the inside, and an exhaust gas discharged from the fluidized bed. Cyclone separator for solid-gas separation and collection of solid components, and a return pipe for returning the collected solid components to the fluidized bed in the cyclone, which can be used, for example, to distinguish water sludge and garbage. Circulating fluidized bed furnace for incineration of wastes, etc. [Prior art] As such a circulating fluidized bed furnace for incineration of wastes, it is generally known to supply a treatment material (waste) to a fluidized bed. The exhaust gas discharged from the fluidized bed is supplied to a high-speed cyclone separator (h () t eyelGne) for solid-gas separation, and the solid components are recirculated through a return pipe. Into the above fluidized bed. In such a production-oriented fluidized bed furnace, the processed materials supplied to the fluidized bed are firstly: dried, heated, and then thermally decomposed into flammable gases such as hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and carbon. Element is the solid component (coke = substance) whose main component is. In addition, the combustible gas and coke that are thermally decomposed in this way, along with the flowing fluid (generally high-temperature air) supplied to the fluidized bed, are considered to be combustion gases or a part of the combustion fluid generated by combustion in the fluidized bed. = Moving medium (generally Shixue sand) — starting to discharge, #The above is supplied to the high = In the air knife separator, the solid medium such as flowing medium or large particles of coke, etc. is collected and separated by the cyclone, and sent back The lower part of the fluidized bed enters ^ = 1220153 * In addition, the above combustible gas causes hydrogen and methane, etc., which burn at a high speed, while the self-fluidized bed is being supplied to the high-speed cyclone, or the high-speed cyclone is separated. The above-mentioned flowing fluid which is discharged together is combusted with oxygen in the gas, and is discharged together with the above-mentioned combustion gas, and then processed by the exhaust treatment equipment and the waste heat recovery equipment. Incheon, through this circulating fluidized bed furnace, when the above-mentioned waste and other processed materials are subjected to incineration treatment, low-melting-point substances such as metal salts and phosphorus compounds are attached to the waste due to the waste. Since it is concentrated on the surface of the flowing medium, the flowing medium becomes easy to adhere (caking phenomenon) and dries up in the return pipe. Based on this, there is a risk of causing blockage in the return pipe. And 'In the incineration of this waste, & made the above combustible gas-L, k speed 丨 I-carbon oxide, ammonia gas or coke with slow combustion speed fully burned' 'had to By increasing the temperature in the furnace, agglomeration caused by the adhesion and concentration of the above-mentioned low-melting substance is more likely to occur. In addition, the clogging of the k types of reflux officers, for example, is because the pieces of refractory material lined on the inner wall of the fluidized bed fall off and fall on the bottom of the fluidized bed. i (Dispersion tube and sub-monthly reaction 'On the periphery of the connection part of the return tube returning to the fluidized bed, a 2: 2 quality maneuver is generated', and the level of flow in the return tube is also caused. ) Danger of rise 'If such a blockage of the return pipe occurs, the flowing medium that should have been returned to the fluidized bed would not be returned, so that it is not possible to generate a virtual search of the four raw treatments from the fluidized bed. [Summary of the invention] In view of the above-mentioned η, the present invention aims to provide a method for controlling the solid-state p in the above-mentioned return pipe to return to the m plug, and reliably send the flowing medium to «to In the claw bed, the circulating fluidized bed furnace can be processed. ^ and can be carried out to solve the above problem, clean; 丄 丨, bed furnace, including: phase-a purpose, the present invention Circulation fluidization * The flowing fluidized bed, solid-gas separation of the exhaust gas discharged from the fluidized bed and collection of the tritium separator, and the collected solid components are returned in the cyclone separator; The return pipe is characterized in that the return pipe is provided with a clogging suppressing device for removing the above-mentioned solid components retained in the return pipe. Therefore, with such a circulating fluidized bed furnace, even due to the agglomeration of the above-mentioned flowing medium, Block phenomenon and flowing stone _ & + ^ Poor strength and blockage of solid components in the return flow can also remove the remaining components on the return pipe that caused the blockage through the above plug to suppress the device. Can suppress the clogging of the return pipe and reliably circulate the flowing medium, so that the processed material can flow stably and smoothly. From here, as the above-mentioned clogging suppression device, the i-th The air ejector uses the compressed air blown from the air ejector to blow off the solid components adhering to the return pipe, and to reduce the level of the flowing medium in the retraction e, so as to remove the retained solids. In addition, second, a vibration device that vibrates the return tube can be used, and the vibration of the return tube can be used to shake off the 1220153 solid component and the self-fluidized bed that are attached to the inner wall of the return tube. The flowable medium can be used to remove stagnant matter. Furthermore, thirdly, it is also possible to use an inflatable balloon that is housed in the return tube, and if it becomes clogged in Tianhui / Guaguan, the balloon is expanded to pulverize and remove the bridge-like adhesion. At the same time, the solid component on the inner wall of the return pipe can also achieve the purpose of depressing the horizontal level of the flowing medium. T On the other hand, the fluidized bed or the return pipe has a method for detecting the solid component in the return pipe. If the clogging detection device of the staying condition is based on the clogging detection I, the clogging suppression device can be operated to remove the solid component in the return pipe without affecting the flow. Residual solid components can be processed more reliably and stably. In this way, in the process of incinerating a treatment object by using the circulating fluidized bed furnace, when the fluidized bed has a supply device for burning combustion air for the treatment object, the flow is caused by stagnation in the return pipe. The flowing medium in the chemical bed will increase the ratio of the flow rate of the air to the pressure & the blockage detection device will be set to: if the flow rate and pressure of the combustion air are measured to detect the retention of the solid components, For example, as long as the ratio of the flow rate and pressure of the combustion air exceeds a predetermined value, the clogging suppression device can be operated *, thereby eliminating the burden on the operator and removing solid components trapped in the return pipe at an early stage. , Can achieve more stable processing. Furthermore, the bottom of the fluidized bed is provided with a supply device of flowing air for flowing the treatment object, and the return pipe is connected to the fluidized bed above the supply device of the flowing air. Between the connection part to the fluidized bed and the above-mentioned supply device, there is a nozzle that blows-part of the above-mentioned flowing air into the fluidized bed, so even if 9 1220153 blocks the supply device due to the fall of the refractory, It can stably supply flowing air into the fluidized bed to prevent poor flow of the flowing medium and prevent the level of the flowing medium in the return pipe from rising. [Embodiment] The first to seventh figures show an example when the present invention is applied to a circulating fluidized bed furnace for incineration of waste water such as dirty water sludge and garbage. The circulating fluidized bed furnace of the present embodiment is roughly composed of a fluidized bed in which a treatment object D supplied to the interior flows with a fluid medium M such as silica sand, and the exhaust gas G discharged from the fluidized bed 1 is solidified. A cyclone separator 2 that separates and collects solid components s by gas, and a return pipe 3 that returns the collected solid components S to the fluidized bed 1 in the cyclone separator 2. At the same time, the fluidized bed i, the cyclone separator 2 and the return pipe 3 have an outer wall portion made of metal and an inner wall portion lined with a refractory material. The fluidized bed 1 has a bottomed cylindrical shape having a length that is very long in the direction of the inner axis and the direction of the center axis. The bottom surface is formed into a concave conical surface that is recessed downward toward the inner peripheral side. In the center of the bottom surface, a discharge port 4 having a flow medium] VI having a wheel stopper 4A (caster stopper) is provided. In addition, on the inner bottom of the fluidized bed 丨 directly above the bottom surface, as a supply device of the flowing air A in this embodiment, a plurality of (5 in this embodiment) dispersion tubes 5 are self-fluidized. The outer part of the bed 1 is inserted into the fluidized bed 1 and protrudes into the fluidized bed 1 so that, as shown in the second figure, the fluidized bed 1 having a circular cross section is arranged in parallel with each other and spaced side by side over substantially the entire range. On the horizontal plane perpendicularly intersecting the above-mentioned axis 0, the ends of these dispersion tubes 5 1220153... Fluidized bed 1 are connected to the supply pipe 6 of flowing air A at the same time protruding to the fluidized bed ^ y bed A plurality of air outlets (not shown in the drawings) are provided upward in the portion inside 1. Furthermore, the opening of the return pipe 3 to the connection portion 7 of the fluidized bed 1 is provided 'under the fluidized bed 1' above the dispersion pipe 5. At the same time, the material connection portion 7 and the dispersion pipe m are provided. There are blow nozzles 8 that branch off part of the flowing air A that should be supplied from these knife officials 5 and are often blown into the fluidized bed 1. In this embodiment, a plurality of nozzles (three in this embodiment) of the nozzles 8 are on the axis. The direction is located substantially at the center of the dispersion tube 5 and the connection portion 7 in the circumferential direction, and is located directly below the connection portion 7 so as to extend horizontally from the radial direction of the axis 0, and at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. However, the front end of the basin is opened in the inner wall portion of the fluidized bed i approximately directly below the connection portion 7; and, at a height that is slightly the same as these nozzles 8 ... along the axis 0 direction, many Root (four in this embodiment) trachea 9 avoids the mouthpiece 8 'without interfering with the mouthpiece 8 so as to extend from the radial direction of the axis 0 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction toward the fluidized bed 1 The inner peripheral side (axis 0 side) is inserted so as to be inclined slightly obliquely downward, and its front end is opened at the inner wall portion of the fluidized bed. In addition, at approximately the same height as the above-mentioned connection portion 7 in the lower part of the fluidized bed 丨 as a supply device for the combustion air B of this embodiment, a plurality of (six in this embodiment) supply pipes 1 ···, As shown in the third figure, the radial direction of the connection portion 7 at approximately equal intervals in the circumferential direction is avoided, and it is inclined toward the inner peripheral side by a larger angle than the above-mentioned gas pipe 9 to be inclined slightly downward 11 1220153 It is inserted in a manner such that its front end is open at the inner wall of the fluidized bed 1. Further, as the clogging detection device of this embodiment, on these supply pipes 10, a flow meter 11 for measuring the flow rate of the combustion air B supplied from each supply pipe 10 and a pressure gauge 12 for measuring the pressure of the pressure are provided. The flow rate and pressure of the combustion air B supplied by all self-supply pipes 1 〇 ·· are sequentially measured on all the supply pipes 1 〇 ··, and the measurement results can be input to an arithmetic control device such as a computer (not shown). .
進而，在軸線〇方向上，在這些供給管1〇· ··及上 述連接部7的上方，朝向内周側以比供給管1 〇更大的傾斜 沿斜下方設置有助燃器13，同時，在該助燃器13的稍上方 還叹有朝向斜下方的流動介質μ的供給管14，另外，在 大致與該供給管14相同的高度上，沿水平方向設有上述處 理物D的供給管15。同時，其餘的第—圖中符號16表示 的是以目視觀察流化床1和回流f 3内部料目鏡，符號 17表示的是保養檢點用的工作孔。 •，人从啦3¾雖吞p竭向Further, in the direction of the axis 0, the burner 13 is provided obliquely below the supply pipe 10 and the connection portion 7 above the connection portion 7 at an inclined angle greater than that of the supply pipe 10, and, A supply pipe 14 for the flowing medium μ facing obliquely downward is also sighed slightly above the burner 13 and a supply pipe 15 for the treatment object D is provided in a horizontal direction at substantially the same height as the supply pipe 14. . At the same time, the rest of the first figure-symbol 16 indicates the eyepieces of the fluidized bed 1 and the return flow f 3 inside, and symbol 17 indicates the working hole for maintenance inspection. •, people from 3¾though swallowed
方越階梯地減小直徑的縱向型的多級圓筒狀，並將該多 圓筒的中心軸線L與上述中心鈾螅〇 士 1 軸線〇相平行配設在流化 、°卩一側，在該旋風分離器2的上部側s F pa 德& A nr ^ &上 叼上沖惻面上，橫向延 ° 成的L·字形的排氣通路 風分離器2上，流化庆】从L *體a又在該 , 的上端開口部，通過伸縮接萠 4排氣通路18的向下方Μ — 風分離器2内的上端部向下方，愈上二連接。另外’自 置有圓筒狀的排氣f 2〇，另—方線L同軸 在5亥旋風分離器2 | 12 下端，也通過伸縮接頭？ — 連接者上述回流管3。該回流管 3與流化床1 一體設置， 、 置以其中心線N與旋風分離器2的 述中。軸線L同軸的方式、自該旋風分離器2的下端向 :方延伸後，該中心線N沿著包含上述中心軸線〇、l的 平面向流化床1側斜向下折曲’以達到流化床1的上述連 接部7。 而且S 4回流官3 ±，作為本實施例的堵塞抑制装 置’具有向該回流管3内吹入壓縮空氣E的空氣喷射器22 23。攻樣，在本實施例中，在回流管3上具有多組（本 實，例中A 2組）空氣噴射器22、23，其中第i組空氣， 射器22，如第四圖所示，自回流管3的外壁部、利用耐火 材料貫通被裱襯的内壁部而密封地插入套管24，在該套管 24内也密封地插入有外周用陶瓷纖維等絕熱材料25厚厚包 覆的喷管26，且使其前端靠近回流管3的内壁部開口，同 時被開口在回流管3的外部上的該喷管26的後端，通過電 磁閥29連接著保持自空氣入口 27供給的壓縮空氣E的喷 射器主體（氣罐）28，通過打開該電磁閥29，可以間歇地 將壓細空氣E自喷管26的前端吹入回流管3内。而且，該 電磁閥29的開關動作可以由與作為堵塞檢測裝置的流量計 11及壓力計12相連接的電腦等上述運算控制裝置來進行控 制。另一方面，在第2組空氣噴射器23中，不具有套管24 及絕熱材料25，而是將喷管26直接密封地插入回流管3的 内壁部’除此之外的結構與上述空氣喷射器22相同。 另外，在本實施中，這種多組空氣喷射器22、23分別 13 1220153 沿回流管3的長方& < + , 们長方向设在多個位置上。即，關於上述第1 組空氣噴射器22·· 、 ·，在上述回流管3折曲部分的上下The vertical multi-stage cylindrical shape in which the diameter decreases stepwise, and the central axis L of the multi-cylinder is arranged parallel to the central uranium 螅 螅 1 axis 0 on the fluidized, 卩 卩 side, On the upper side of the cyclone separator 2 s F pa de & An n ^ & upper punching surface, the L · shaped exhaust path wind separator 2 extending laterally ° is fluidized. From the upper end of the L * body a, the lower end M of the exhaust passage 18 through the telescopic joint 4 is downwardly connected to the upper end portion of the exhaust passage 18. In addition, ′ has a cylindrical exhaust f 2〇, and the square line L is coaxial at the lower end of the 5 Hai cyclone separator 2 | 12, also through an expansion joint? — Connected by the above-mentioned return pipe 3. The return pipe 3 is provided integrally with the fluidized bed 1, and the center line N and the cyclone separator 2 are described. The axis L is coaxial, and after extending from the lower end of the cyclone separator 2 to the side, the center line N is bent obliquely downward to the side of the fluidized bed 1 along a plane containing the above-mentioned central axis 0, l to reach the flow. The above-mentioned connection portion 7 of a chemical bed 1. Further, S 4 has a return flow 3 ±, and the clogging suppressing device 'according to this embodiment includes air ejectors 22 to 23 that blow compressed air E into the return pipe 3. In the sample, in this embodiment, there are multiple groups (in this case, A 2 group in the example) of air ejectors 22 and 23 on the return pipe 3, where the i-th group of air and the ejector 22 are shown in the fourth figure From the outer wall portion of the return pipe 3, a sleeve 24 is sealedly inserted through the inner wall portion of the lining through a refractory material, and a thermal insulation material such as ceramic fibers for outer circumference 25 is also tightly inserted in the sleeve 24. The nozzle 26 is opened with its front end close to the inner wall of the return pipe 3, and at the same time, the rear end of the nozzle 26 opened on the outside of the return pipe 3 is connected by a solenoid valve 29 to maintain the supply from the air inlet 27. The injector main body (air tank) 28 of the compressed air E can open the solenoid valve 29 to intermittently blow the compressed air E from the front end of the injection pipe 26 into the return pipe 3. The opening and closing operation of the solenoid valve 29 can be controlled by the above-mentioned arithmetic control device such as a computer connected to the flow meter 11 and the pressure gauge 12 as the clogging detection device. On the other hand, the air ejector 23 of the second group does not include the sleeve 24 and the heat insulating material 25, but directly inserts the nozzle 26 into the inner wall portion of the return pipe 3 in a sealed manner. The injector 22 is the same. In addition, in this embodiment, the plurality of sets of air ejectors 22 and 23 are respectively 13 1220153 arranged at a plurality of positions along the rectangular & < + > of the return pipe 3. That is, regarding the first group of air ejectors 22, ..., above and below the bent portion of the return pipe 3,
、 向各1個的方式安裝有2個空氣噴射器22A、 2 air injectors 22A are installed to each one
同時在這些空氣噴射^ 22A、22B W上下方，以上 下方向各1個的方式也可安裝2個空氣喷射器沉、2扣。 另外：其中在上側的空氣喷射器22C的上方的、上述旋風 刀離器2的下端側的錐部，也可安裝空氣喷射器22e。同 時其中的後3個空氣噴射器22c〜22E作為備用，根據需 要也可安裝在回流管3和旋風分離器2上。At the same time, two air injectors, two buckles can also be installed in the way of the air jet ^ 22A, 22B W, one in the up and down direction. In addition, an air ejector 22e may be attached to a tapered portion above the air ejector 22C on the lower end side of the above-mentioned cyclone cutter 2. At the same time, the last three air ejectors 22c to 22E are used as spares, and can also be installed on the return pipe 3 and the cyclone separator 2 as required.
而且’這些第1組空氣喷射器22A〜22E，最下端側的 空氣喷射器22D以使上述嗔管26沿水平且與回流管3的中 心線N垂直相交的方向延伸配置而進行安裝，而其他空氣 喷射器22A〜22D，其噴管26被以越向該中心線n側（回 流管3的内周側）越向下沿與該中心線Μ交的方向延伸 配置而進行安裝。另外’這些第！組空氣喷射器22α〜22£ 的喷管26,也包括空氣噴射器22Ε，相對其中心線ν的傾 斜角在與沿回流管3的長方向相鄰配合的空氣喷射器22. ••間、成各不相同的角度。進而，如第三圖及第五圖、 第六圖所示，回流f 3折曲部分的上下方的上述空氣噴射 器22A、22B，被安裝在回流f 3的周方向上的朝向流化床 1侧的位置，而空氣噴射器22C、22D，被安裝在自這些空 氣喷射器22A、22B的安裝位置、以中心線n &中心沿周 方向錯開90度的位置上，而且，旋風分離器2下端部的空 氣噴射器22E被安裝在再錯開90度的位置，即，自空氣喷 14 1220153 射器22A、22B 66史壯， 、女羞位置錯開18〇度的位置上， 26的前端以朝向户仆比t , $吕 巩化床1側開口而進行配置。 另方面，上述第2組空氣喷射器23· · ·，在 施例中，4個空翕喳私w 貝 -噴射态23 A〜23D，自上述第1組空氣喷 卜 的最下鳊側的空氣噴射器22Ε稍下側、至 回流管3的向流化戍i — μ 化床1的連接部7，以上下具有一定間隔進 仃设置’其中最下端的空氣噴射器加，在與上述連接部7 略相^度、將喷管％前端開口朝向該連接部7而進行設 置。但疋’上下相鄰的空氣喷射f 23 ···之間的間隔大 J各不相同。這樣，這些第2組空氣喷射管Μ A〜UD，其 上述喷& 26均沿包含流化床丨及旋風分離器2的中心軸線 〇、L的上述平面、將其前端朝向流化床1侧、並被水平插 入回机s 3而進行安裝，從而，相對於回流管3的中心綵 N，以各空氣噴射管23A〜23D的喷管26· ··相互相等的 角度、沿斜交的方向延伸而進行配置。 在這種構成的循環式流化床爐中，由自上述供給管15 仏、、"到机化床1内的髒水污泥和垃圾等廢棄物組成的處理 物D利用從供給管6通過分散管5 · · ·及吹嘴8 · · · 仏給到流化床1内的流動空氣A，與流動介質μ —起流動 來進行破碎，另一方面，根據需要，隨自氣搶9和助燃器 13供給的燃料一起，利用自供給管10 ···供給的燃燒空 乳Β進行燃燒，被乾燥、升溫，熱分解為氫氣、甲烷、一 氧化碳、氨氣等可燃性氣體和以碳為主要成分的焦化物。 接著’這樣熱分解的可燃性氣體及焦化物，隨著一部分流 15 1220153 動介質Μ與上述流動流體A和产 動空氣B及通過姆焊姦斗 的燃燒氣體一起作為上述排氣G自、* “，、粍產生 排出自上4排氧通路18供給到旋風分離器2 燃性氣體中燃燒速度快的氫氣 夺71 τ化寺，在自該油^卜达 至旋風分離器2之間和在旋風分 1+ 土 雕裔2内，利用一起排出 的k動空氣Α和燃燒空氣Β中 〜虱虱進仃燃燒。而且，這 樣排出至旋風分離器2内的排ϋ Γ $ π ^ ° 娜虱G被固氣分離，氣態組分 、即排氣G自上述排氣管2〇排出 娜出，並適當進行排氣處理， 而另-方面，I態組分S、即從排出氣體中分離的焦化物 及流動介質M，自旋風分離器2的下端經回流管3送回到 流化床！的底部’流動介質M被再次進行流動而供給處理 物D的破碎物，同時焦化物被破碎得較細而進行燃燒。 於是’在具有上述結構的循環流化床爐中，在該回流 管3中具有空氣喷射$ 22、23作為堵塞抑制裝i，能將壓 縮空氣E自這些空氣喷射器22、23吹入回流管3内。由此 ，在焚燒處理由上述廢棄物組成的處理物D時，由於該廢 棄物產生的鹼金屬鹽和磷化合物等低熔點物質、經回流管3 濃縮附著在被送回的流動介質Μ的表面，故流動介質M柯 易粘著，產生結塊現象粘著在回流管3内，或者，裱襯在 流化床1上的耐火材料的碎片脫落而阻塞流化床1底部的 分散管5· ··的上述吹出口，由此，在回流管3的上述連 接部7周邊上，流動介質Μ產生流動不良，回流管3内的 流動介質Μ的水平面上升，即使應送回到流化床1的固態 組分S在回流管3内產生阻塞而滯留下來，也可將該滯留 16 23吹入的壓縮空氣Ε除 3 〇 的固態組分S用從空氣喷射器22、 去，可消除阻塞並抑制堵塞回流管 即’在回流管3内，即使由結塊現象產生流動介質μ 粘著，也可將其利用上述壓縮空氣Ε吹掉並除去，另外， 即使由流化床1内的流動不良產生回流管3内的流動介質 Μ水平面上升，也可利用吹入回流管3内的上述壓縮空氣 Ε麼低該流動介質Μ的水平面。從而，制這種循環流化 床爐，在旋風分離器2中可將從排氣g分離的固態組分sIn addition, 'the first group of air ejectors 22A to 22E and the lowermost air ejector 22D are installed so that the stern tube 26 extends in a direction that is horizontal and perpendicularly intersects the centerline N of the return tube 3, and other In the air ejectors 22A to 22D, the nozzles 26 are installed so as to extend toward the center line n side (the inner peripheral side of the return pipe 3) in a direction intersecting the center line M downward. Also ’these first! The nozzle 26 of the group of air injectors 22α ~ 22 £ also includes the air injector 22E, and the inclination angle with respect to the center line ν of the air injector 22 is adjacent to the longitudinal direction of the return pipe 3. •• 间 、 At different angles. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 3, 5 and 6, the air ejectors 22A, 22B above and below the bent portion of the return flow f3 are mounted on the fluidized bed in the circumferential direction of the return flow f3. On the one side, the air ejectors 22C and 22D are installed at positions shifted by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction from the center line n & center from the installation positions of these air ejectors 22A and 22B, and the cyclone separator 2 The lower end of the air ejector 22E is installed at a position shifted by 90 degrees, that is, from the air spray 14 1220153 the ejectors 22A, 22B 66 are strong, and the position of the female shame is shifted 180 degrees, and the front end of the 26 is It is arranged toward the house-servant ratio t, and the opening is on the side of Lu Gonghua Bed 1. On the other hand, the above-mentioned second group of air ejectors 23 ···, in the embodiment, the four air-injection states 喷射 spray state 23 A ~ 23D, from the lowermost side of the above-mentioned first group of air jets The air ejector 22E is located on the lower side to the fluidized bed 1 to the return pipe 3. The connection part 7 of the μ-bed 1 is provided with a certain interval above and below. The lowermost air ejector is connected to the above. The portion 7 is provided at a slight angle, and the opening of the nozzle tip is directed toward the connection portion 7. However, the interval between the air jets f 23 adjacent to 疋 'is large, and J varies. In this way, in the second group of air jet tubes M A to UD, the above-mentioned sprays & 26 are all along the above-mentioned plane including the fluidized bed 丨 and the central axis 0 and L of the cyclone separator 2, and the front end is directed toward the fluidized bed 1 It is installed on the side and horizontally inserted into the returning machine s 3, so that, with respect to the center color N of the return pipe 3, the nozzles 26 of each air injection pipe 23A to 23D are at an angle that is equal to each other and is diagonally intersecting The direction is extended. In the circulating fluidized-bed furnace having such a configuration, a treatment object D composed of wastes such as dirty water sludge, garbage, and the like from the supply pipe 15 to the mechanical bed 1 is used from the supply pipe 6 The dispersing tube 5 ··· and the mouthpiece 8 · · · 仏 feed the flowing air A into the fluidized bed 1 and flow with the flowing medium μ to perform crushing. Along with the fuel supplied by the burner 13, it is combusted by using the combustion air milk B supplied from the supply pipe 10. It is dried, heated up, and thermally decomposed into flammable gases such as hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, ammonia, and carbon. The main component of coke. Next, such a thermally decomposable combustible gas and coke, along with a part of the flow 15 1220153, the moving medium M together with the above-mentioned flowing fluid A and the moving air B, and the combustion gas passing through the welding hopper as the above-mentioned exhaust gas G, * ", 粍 generated from the upper 4 exhaust oxygen passage 18 is supplied to the cyclone separator 2 and the hydrogen with a fast burning speed in the combustible gas wins 71 τ Huasi, between this oil ^ Buda to the cyclone separator 2 and in In the cyclone 1+ soil carving descent 2, the k moving air A and the combustion air B that are exhausted together ~ the lice and lice are burned. In this way, the effluent into the cyclone 2 is discharged Γ $ π ^ ° G is separated by solid gas, and the gaseous component, that is, exhaust gas G is discharged from the above-mentioned exhaust pipe 20, and the exhaust gas treatment is appropriately performed, and on the other hand, the I-state component S, that is, separated from the exhaust gas The coke and the flowing medium M, the lower end of the cyclone separator 2 is returned to the fluidized bed via the return pipe 3! The bottom of the 'flow medium M' is flowed again to supply the crushed material of the treatment object D, and at the same time, the coke is broken into It is thinner and burns. So 'in the structure with the above In the circulating fluidized bed furnace, the return pipe 3 has air jets $ 22 and 23 as clogging suppression devices i, and compressed air E can be blown into the return pipe 3 from these air ejectors 22 and 23. Thus, in When the treatment object D composed of the above-mentioned waste is incinerated, the low-melting substances such as alkali metal salts and phosphorus compounds generated by the waste are concentrated on the surface of the returned flow medium M through the return pipe 3, so the flow medium M Ke is easy to stick, causing agglomeration and sticking in the return pipe 3, or the pieces of refractory material lined on the fluidized bed 1 fall off and block the dispersion pipe 5 at the bottom of the fluidized bed 1 ... As a result of the blowout, the flow medium M has a poor flow around the connection portion 7 of the return pipe 3, and the level of the flow medium M in the return pipe 3 rises, even if it should be returned to the solid component of the fluidized bed 1. S causes a blockage in the return pipe 3 and stagnates it, and the compressed air E blown by the retention 16 23 can be divided by 30. The solid component S can be removed from the air ejector 22 to eliminate the blockage and suppress the blockage of the return pipe. Ie 'in the return pipe 3, even by the knot The phenomenon of sticking of the flowing medium μ can also be blown off and removed by the compressed air E described above. In addition, even if the level of the flowing medium M in the return pipe 3 rises due to the poor flow in the fluidized bed 1, the blowing medium can also be used. The above-mentioned compressed air E introduced into the return pipe 3 lowers the horizontal level of the flowing medium M. Therefore, in making the circulating fluidized bed furnace, the solid component s separated from the exhaust gas g in the cyclone separator 2
:自旋風分離器2經回流管3原樣送回到流化床1，可使固 態組分s中的流動介質M可靠地循環，可防止流化床i内 的流動介f Μ不足而不能保持穩定的流動狀態、或自身已 不可肖b /爪動的狀態，可以通過處理物D穩定且順暢的的流 動來進行處理。 另外，在本實施例中，上述堵塞抑制裝置，由這樣地 可向回流管3内吹入壓縮空氣E的空氣喷射器22、23所構 j ’通過將滯留在回流管3内的固態組分S、利用該壓縮 E吹掉除去來抑制堵*，因&，具有不僅機械的驅動⑩ 部分少並容易控制，而且能更可靠地除去固態組分s的優 田, 、 步’在本實施例中，這種空氣喷射器22、23，沿 回机& 3的長方向被設在多個位置上，從而，即使在該長 方向上在回流管3的哪個位置產生固態組分s的阻塞，也 此可#地將其吹掉。而且，這些空氣喷射器22、23，是在 1長方向上設有旋風分離器2侧的第1組空氣喷射器22和 机化床1側的第2組空氣喷射器23多組結構，可更加可靠 17 1220153 地除去固態組分s。同時，在本實施例中，這些多組的這 種空氣喷射器22、23,在各組中也分別有多個，可以更加 普遍地向回流管3内吹入壓縮空氣e。 而且’本貫施例中，在其中的旋風分離器2侧的第1 組空氣喷射器22 ···上，除了設在第2組空氣噴射器23 的附近的最下端的空氣喷射器22D外的、至少一部分的空 氣喷射器22A〜22C、22E，以其噴管26越向回流管3的中 心線N側越向下方傾斜延伸的方式設置，可將利用吹入的 壓縮空氣E除去的固態組分s更可靠地向下方排出並送回 _ 到流化床1。另外，相對這些喷管26的中心線^傾斜角 ，若把上述空氣噴射器22D設為〇度，則包含其在内、至 > 一部分的空氣噴射器22設成與其他不同的角度，從而， 因為向回机官3内的壓縮空氣E的吹入角度也沿該回流管 3的長方向是不規則的，所以被送回的的關組分s受到 的壓力也是不規則的’可更加可靠地防止由結塊現象產生 固態組分S的粘著。而且，在本實施例中，因為在該長方 向相鄰接的空氣喷射器22之間傾斜角不同，所以很有效果# 進而，在本實施例中，因為空氣喷射g 22A、22B和 空氣噴射器22C、22E和空氣噴射器22〇細流管3的圓 :方向上各錯開90度，即，—部分的空氣噴射器22即使 j該回流管3的圓周方向上，也配設在與其他的不同的 置上，所以可在回流| 3的内圓周上沿圓周方向普遍吹 仏空氣E並達成可靠地抑制堵塞。另外，尤其位於回 18 1220153 流管3折曲部分的正上方的空氣噴射器22a，其喷管％朝 向該折曲部分的外側開口，所以連在易由象 著的這樣的回流管3的折曲部分、也可更加可靠== 留的固態組分S。 "另一方面，配設在回流管3的流化床i側的第2組空 氣嘴射器23A〜23D，相對朝向上述連接部7沿斜下方延伸 的回流管3’其喷管26向流化床丨側水平安裝，可向流化 床1側吹入壓縮空氣E’從而，可使自旋風分離器2送回 的固態組A S順暢地循環至流化$ !的同時，能可靠地防籲 止來自流化床1的流動介質M的水平面上升。尤其是因為 最下端的空氣喷射器23D被設置成使其喷管26朝=上述連 接部7進行開口，所以是有效果m卜，上下方相鄰接 的空氣喷射器23 .··之間具有相互不同的間隔，送回到 流化床1的固態、组分s，利用自喷f 26吹人的壓縮空氣e 不規則地受到壓力’上述第i組空氣喷射器23a〜23e的喷 管26. ·.的傾斜角被設成不同的角度，這樣，同樣能可 靠地防止固態組分s的粘著。 着 而且，作為這些堵塞抑制裝置的空氣噴射器22、23， 根據由檢測回流管3内的固態組A S滯留的堵塞檢測裝置 的檢測結果，通過打開上述電磁閥29來進行工作以便將壓 縮空氣E吹入回流管…可以在由於固態組分s的滯留 而在回流管3内開始產生堵塞前，除去該滞留的固態組分 S並送回到流化床1，使始終穩定地進行流動介質M的循 環，並促使更加可靠地處理處理物D。另外，特別是在本 19 1220153 實施例中，對於堵塞抑制裝置是通過向回流管3内吹入壓 縮空氣而除去固態組分S的滯留的空氣噴射器22、23，通 過利用這樣的堵塞檢測裝置可適時地進行工作，這樣，隨 送回的固態組分S —起供給到流化床1，並利用壓縮空氣E 也可防止流化床1内的流動介質M和處理物D的流動及處 理（焚燒）變得不穩定等情形。 這樣，在本實施例中，該堵塞檢測裝置，是被設在作 為向流化床1中供給燃燒空氣B的供給裝置的供給管1〇· ••上的流量計11及壓力計12，把通過這些流量計i丨及 鲁 壓力計12測定的燃燒空氣b的供給流量及供給壓力的測量 ^果、作為上述檢測結果，可使堵塞抑制裝置進行工作。 I7右將該燃燒空氣B的流量作為f ( Nm3/h )，同時將輸 送壓力作為P ( kPa )，若將其比設為F/P = C，則當在回流 官3内由固態組分s的滯留而產生堵塞時、送回到流化床 1中的流動介質Μ減小，比值C升高，因此，該比值c在 規定的上限值以上時，作為在回流管3内產生固態組分s 的滯留，而使堵塞抑制裝置進行工作，據此，若比值c在 _ 規定的下限值以下，則最好停止工作。 第七圖表示進行這種控制時的流程圖的一例，在供給 流動空氣Α後，經過規定時間τ ( 3分），流動穩定，且通 過助燃裔13的燃燒等使流化床丨内的溫度升到規定的溫度 後，測定上述流量F和壓力p並算出比值c，在其超過上 限值（600 )’保持其狀態地經過規定時間τ ( 5秒）時， 自上述運算控制裝置送出空氣噴射器22、23的工作信號， 20 1220153 打開電磁間29，將壓縮空氣e吹到回流管3内。而且，通 過24樣’上述比值C低於下限值（550 )，當其狀態經過了 規定時間T (5秒）時，自運算控制裝置送出停止信號，停 止空氣喷射器22、23。同時，當即使送出工作信號後經過 規定時間τ ( ίο秒）空氣喷射器22、23也沒有停止時，即 ’比值c不低於下限值時，作為不能除去滯留在回流管3 内的固病、組分S、堵塞了回流管3，停止供給流動空氣A及 燃燒空氣B、向氣搶9和助燃器13供給燃料、或供給處理 物D，即，停止該循環流化床爐後，最好進行堵塞的回流籲 管3的復原操作。 從而，利用具有這種堵塞檢測裝置的本實施例的循環 流化床爐，可快速檢測出回流管3内的固態組分s的滯留 並在其初期階段進行除去，而且，可通過被穩定了的流動 介質Μ的循環等來順利地進行處理。另外，在本實施例中 ，因為根據由這樣的堵塞檢測裝置檢測的檢測結果、使堵 塞抑制裝置進行工作的操作，可以通過與作為該堵塞檢測 裝置的流量計11及壓力計12和作為堵塞抑制裝置的空氣♦ 喷射器22、23的電磁間29連接的電腦等上述運算控制裝 置進行控制，所以沒有給操作者增加負擔，可自動地使堵 塞抑制裝置進行工作，可以減輕該循環流化床爐的操作管 理所需要的勞力。同時，在本實施例中，堵塞檢測裝置， 由a又在流化床1的燃燒空氣Β的供給管丨〇 ••上的上述 流量計11及壓力計12構成，使從燃燒空氣B的流量F與 壓力P算出其比值C來間接地檢出回流管3内的滯留、堵 21 1220153 塞，但也可以例如，設置測定送回到回流管3自身的固態 組分s的量的裝置’或者在被安裝在該回流管3上的目鏡 16上δ又置拍攝固態組分s的送回狀態的裝置，並在回流管 3上設置堵塞檢測裝置來直接檢測固態組分s的滯留、阻 塞產生的堵塞。 另方面，在本實施例中，在安裝在上述流化床丨底 部的、作為流動空“的供給裝置的分散管5...、和於 在八上方的概化床1内壁部上開口地被設置的回流管3的 連接部7之間設有吹嘴8·..，並且—部分上述流動空氣 A自迳些吹嘴8· ·.可經常吹入流化床ι内。因此，例如 ，即使如上述那樣，裱襯在流化$ 1内壁部上的耐火材料 脫落掉在分㈣5...上，而塞住其吹出口，也能自配 置在“刀# e 5 •上的上述吹嘴8 if行無阻地供給流動 空氣A，在流化床！内可以防止產生流動介質％的流動不 良。從而’利用具有這種吹嘴8. ·.的本實施例的循環流 化床爐，以通過發生㈣不良而使滯留在流㈣ι底部的 流動介質M、自上述連接部7進入回流管3内，可將該回 流管3内的流動介質M的水平面上升防範於未然，也與上 述堵塞抑制裝置產生的效果互起作用，能更可靠且穩定 地進行流動介質Μ的循環和對處理物D處理。 其次’第八圖及第力圖甚八它丨主- ' 昂九圖疋刀別表不本發明的其他實施 例的回流管3的剖視圖，關於與第一圖至第七圖所示的實 施例共用的要件使用同—符號，並省略其說明。其中，首 先在如第八圖所示實施例中，其特徵在於：作為堵塞抑制 22 1220153 裝置’取代上述實施例的空氣噴射器22、23,設有給予回 流管3振動的振動裝置31。即，在該實施例中，在回流管 3的金屬制的外壁部上’安裝具有利用未圖示的馬達等驅動 雇置可振動的振動件32的振動裝置31，通過該振動件” 振動在上述外壁部上傳導振動，使回流管3受到振動。 從而:在具有這種堵塞抑制裝置的循環流化床爐中，當在 回抓g 3内由id態組分s的滯留產生阻塞時，通過使該振 動裝置31進行工作來由振動件32給予回流管3振動，可 通過振落由結塊現象附著在回流f 3内壁上的固態組分s 彳自/μ化床1水平面上升的流動介質M來抑制堵塞，可得 到與上述實施例相同的效果。 另外，第九圖所示的實施例，其特徵在於：在回流管3 内收容可膨脹收縮的㈣41。即，在本實施例中，由金屬 纖維薄膜等具有耐熱性及可撓性的材料製成的袋狀的上述 氣球4卜-般情況下如第九圖⑴所示，進行收縮，以附 者在回流管3的内壁面上的方式被收容，在該氣球41上， 自回流管3的外部連接壓縮空氣的供給、吸收裝置42，當 在回流管3内產生固態組分s的滞留時，通過自該供給： 吸收裝置42供給壓縮空氣’如第九圖⑴戶斤示，氣球41 像氣囊一樣瞬間膨脹、來粉碎附著在回流管3内壁上的固 態組分S’另外，可自流化床！壓回上升的流動介質^ P制堵塞’可仍然得到與上述實施例相同的效果。特別是 根據本實施例’當由結塊現象在回流f 3的内壁上呈橋狀 附著有固態組分S時’因為可將其可靠㈣碎而抑制^塞 23 1220153 所以疋有效果的。另外， m ^ 义樣恥脹的氣球41，由於將在 膨脹時供給的壓縮空氣、诵讲μ、+、#从 ^ 矾通過上述供給、吸收裝置42進行 吸引，故可快速地收縮，回復到 t 1文4屌术附者在回流管3内壁 心’從而’不會對其後的流動介質Μ的循環等產生阻 礙0 同時，在這些實施例中，上述振動裝置31的工作、停 止和氣球41的膨脹、㈣最好根據由上述堵塞檢測裝置得 到的檢測結果來進行。另外，若這些振動裝置31和氣球41 也朝向回騎3的長方向設在多個位置上，則能很可靠且 有效地抑制由固態組分S的對流產生和回流管3的堵塞。 (發明效果） 的、、，如以上所述，根據本發明，在將固態組分自旋風分離 :运回到流化床的回流管中，通過設置有可向該回流管内 人入壓縮空氣的空氣噴射器、給予該回流管以振動的振動 裝置、或被收容在回流管内可膨脹、收縮的氣球等堵塞抑 =裝置’可抑制由流動介質的結塊現象和流動不良產生的 口 t組分滞留而引起的回流管内的固態組分的阻塞，將流 動；丨貝可罪地送回到流化床，可以通過處理物穩定且可靠 地机動來進行處理。另外，只要將該堵塞抑制裝置，例如 根據通過測定向流化床供給的燃燒空氣的流量和壓力等、 檢’則在回/危官内的固態組分的滯留狀況的堵塞檢測裝置的 檢測結果而；^ γ ^ $仃工作’就可在滞留的初期階段除去固態組 77不會給操作者増加負擔，可達到很順暢地進行處理。 24 1220153 而且’如果於在流化床底部的流動空氣的供給裝置和向流 4匕床的回流管的連接 埂接°卩之間仅置吹入一部分流動空氣的吹 貝J即使在流化床内發生耐火材料的脫落等，也可穩定 保持流動狀態。 〜 【圖式簡單說明】 (一）圖式部分 第—圖是表示本發明—實施例的側剖視圖。 第二圖是第-圖中的w—w的剖面圖。 第三圖是第—圖中的χ—χ的剖面圖。 第四圖疋表不作為第—圖所示實施例的堵塞抑制裝置的空 氣噴射器22的側剖視圖。 第五圖是第1中的γ—γ㈣面圖。 第六圖，第一圖中的ζ—ζ的剖面圖。 圖疋在第圖所不的實施例中，根據由堵塞檢測裝置 传出的檢測結果’使堵塞抑制裝置（空氣喷射器） ^ 進行工作時的流程圖的一例。 苐八圖是表示本發明 月的另一貫施例的回流管3的側剖視圖 〇 弟九圖是表示本發明 赞月的另一實施例的（a)氣球41收縮的 狀態、C b、€ J乳球41膨脹的狀態的回流管3的側剖 視圖。 25 1220153 (二）元件代表符號 I 一流化床， 2 —旋風分離器， 3一回流管’ 5—分散管（流動空氣A的供給裝置）， 7一向流化床1的回流管3的連接部， 8 —吹嘴， 10—燃燒空氣B的供給管， II 一流量計（堵塞檢測裝置）， 12—壓力計（堵塞檢測裝置）， 13 —助燃器， 15 —處理物D的供給管， 22 ( 22A〜22E) 、23 ( 23A〜23E)—空氣喷射器（堵塞抑制 裝置）， 3 1 —振動裝置（堵塞抑制裝置）， 41—氣球（堵塞抑制裝置）， Β —燃燒空氣， Ε —壓縮空氣， S _固態組分， A —流動空氣， D —處理物， G—排氣， Μ —流動介質。 26: The cyclone separator 2 is returned to the fluidized bed 1 through the return pipe 3 as it is, which can reliably circulate the flowing medium M in the solid component s, and can prevent the flowing medium f Μ in the fluidized bed i from being insufficient and cannot be maintained. A stable flow state, or a state in which it cannot stand b / claw movement, can be processed by the stable and smooth flow of the treatment object D. In addition, in the present embodiment, the above-mentioned clogging suppressing device is constituted by the air ejectors 22 and 23 that can blow the compressed air E into the return pipe 3 as described above. S. The use of the compressed E blow-off removal to suppress plugging, because of & has not only a small number of mechanical drive and easy control, but also more reliable removal of solid components s Yutian, step 'in this implementation In the example, such air ejectors 22 and 23 are provided at a plurality of positions along the long direction of the returning machine & 3, so that even in which position of the return pipe 3 in the long direction generates the solid component s Blocked, you can blow it off. In addition, these air ejectors 22 and 23 have a plurality of sets of a first set of air ejectors 22 on the side of the cyclone 2 and a second set of air ejectors 23 on the side of the mechanized bed 1 in a longitudinal direction. More reliable 17 1220153 to remove solid components s. At the same time, in this embodiment, there are also a plurality of such air ejectors 22 and 23 in each group, and the compressed air e can be blown into the return pipe 3 more generally. Moreover, in the present embodiment, the first group of air ejectors 22 on the side of the cyclone separator 2 in the present embodiment except the air ejector 22D provided at the lowest end near the second group of air ejectors 23 At least a part of the air ejectors 22A to 22C and 22E are installed so that the nozzle 26 extends obliquely downward toward the centerline N side of the return pipe 3, and the solid state that can be removed by the compressed air E blown in The component s is discharged more reliably downwards and sent back to the fluidized bed 1. In addition, with respect to the inclination angle of the centerline of these nozzles 26, if the above-mentioned air ejector 22D is set to 0 degree, a part of the air ejector 22 including the air ejector 22D is set at a different angle from the others, so that Because the blowing angle of the compressed air E into the returning officer 3 is also irregular along the long direction of the return pipe 3, the pressure on the returned component s is also irregular. Adhesion of the solid component S due to the agglomeration phenomenon is reliably prevented. Moreover, in this embodiment, since the inclination angles between the air injectors 22 adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction are different, it is effective # Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the air injection g 22A, 22B and the air injection 22C, 22E, and air ejector 22. The circles of the thin flow tube 3 are each staggered by 90 degrees in the direction, that is, a part of the air ejector 22 is disposed in the same direction as the return tube 3 in the circumferential direction. Different placements, so that the air E can be blown in the circumferential direction on the inner circumference of the return flow | 3 and the blockage can be reliably suppressed. In addition, the air ejector 22a located directly above the bent portion of the return pipe 3, especially the return pipe 18, has a nozzle opening toward the outside of the bent portion, so it is connected to the bend of the return pipe 3, which is easily accessible. The curved part can also be more reliable == the solid component S remaining. " On the other hand, the second group of air nozzle ejectors 23A to 23D arranged on the fluidized bed i side of the return pipe 3 are opposite to the return pipe 3 'extending obliquely downward toward the connection portion 7 and the nozzle 26 thereof is directed to The fluidized bed is installed horizontally on the side, and the compressed air E 'can be blown into the fluidized bed 1 side, so that the solid group AS returned by the cyclone separator 2 can be smoothly circulated to the fluidized bed, and can be reliably The level of the flowing medium M from the fluidized bed 1 is prevented from rising. In particular, since the lowermost air ejector 23D is provided so that the nozzle 26 opens toward the above-mentioned connection portion 7, it is effective. The upper and lower adjacent air ejectors 23 are different from each other. Interval, sent back to the solid bed, component s of the fluidized bed 1, using the self-injection f 26 blowing compressed air e irregularly under pressure 'the nozzle 26 of the i-th group of air ejectors 23a ~ 23e. · The inclination angle is set to different angles, so that the solid component s can also be reliably prevented from sticking. In addition, the air ejectors 22 and 23 serving as these clogging suppression devices operate by opening the solenoid valve 29 based on the detection result of the clogging detection device remaining in the solid group AS in the return pipe 3 to operate the compressed air E. Blow into the return pipe ... Before the clogging in the return pipe 3 starts due to the retention of the solid component s, the retained solid component S can be removed and sent back to the fluidized bed 1, so that the flowing medium M can always be stably performed. And promotes more reliable treatment of treatment D. In addition, particularly in the embodiment of the present invention, the clogging suppression device is an air ejector 22 or 23 for removing the solid component S by blowing compressed air into the return pipe 3, and by using such a clogging detection device The work can be performed in a timely manner. In this way, the solid component S that is returned is supplied to the fluidized bed 1 together, and the use of compressed air E can also prevent the flow and treatment of the flowing medium M and the treatment object D in the fluidized bed 1. (Incineration) becomes unstable, etc. In this way, in this embodiment, the clogging detection device is a flow meter 11 and a pressure gauge 12 provided on the supply pipe 10 which is a supply device for supplying the combustion air B to the fluidized bed 1. As a result of the measurement of the supply flow rate and supply pressure of the combustion air b measured by these flow meters and Lu pressure gauge 12, as a result of the above detection, the clogging suppression device can be operated. Right of I7, the flow rate of the combustion air B is taken as f (Nm3 / h), and the delivery pressure is taken as P (kPa). If the ratio is set to F / P = C, then the solid component is returned in the returning officer 3. When clogging occurs due to the retention of s, the flowing medium M returned to the fluidized bed 1 decreases and the ratio C increases. Therefore, when the ratio c is above a predetermined upper limit value, a solid state is generated in the return pipe 3 The stagnation of component s causes the clogging suppression device to operate, and accordingly, if the ratio c is below the lower limit specified by _, it is best to stop the operation. The seventh figure shows an example of a flow chart when such control is performed. After the flowing air A is supplied, a predetermined time τ (3 minutes) elapses, the flow is stable, and the temperature in the fluidized bed is caused by the combustion of the combustion promoter 13 and the like. After the temperature has risen to a predetermined temperature, the flow rate F and pressure p are measured, and the ratio c is calculated. When the predetermined time τ (5 seconds) elapses while exceeding the upper limit value (600) ′, the air is sent out from the calculation control device. The operating signals of the injectors 22 and 23, 20 1220153 open the electromagnetic chamber 29 and blow the compressed air e into the return pipe 3. Furthermore, if the above-mentioned ratio C is lower than the lower limit value (550) in 24 samples, when a predetermined time T (5 seconds) has elapsed, a stop signal is sent from the arithmetic control device to stop the air ejectors 22 and 23. At the same time, when the air ejectors 22 and 23 have not stopped even after a predetermined time τ (ίο seconds) has elapsed after the operation signal is sent out, that is, when the “ratio c is not lower than the lower limit value, it is not possible to remove the solid retained in the return pipe 3. Disease, component S, clogging the return pipe 3, stopping the supply of flowing air A and combustion air B, supplying fuel to the gas grab 9 and the burner 13, or supplying the treatment D, that is, after stopping the circulating fluidized bed furnace, It is preferable to perform the recovery operation of the blocked return pipe 3. Therefore, with the circulating fluidized bed furnace of the present embodiment having such a clogging detection device, the retention of the solid components s in the return pipe 3 can be quickly detected and removed at the initial stage, and it can be stabilized by The circulation of the flowing medium M can be processed smoothly. In addition, in this embodiment, the operation of operating the clogging suppression device based on the detection result detected by such a clogging detection device can be achieved by cooperating with the flow meter 11 and the pressure gauge 12 as the clogging detection device and the clogging suppression. Air of the device ♦ The above-mentioned arithmetic control devices such as computers connected to the electromagnetic rooms 29 of the injectors 22 and 23 are controlled by the computer, so there is no additional burden on the operator, and the blockage suppression device can be automatically operated to reduce the circulating fluidized bed furnace. The labor required for operation management. Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the clogging detection device is composed of the above-mentioned flow meter 11 and pressure gauge 12 on the supply pipe of the combustion air B of the fluidized bed 1 and the flow rate from the combustion air B Calculate the ratio C between F and pressure P to indirectly detect the stagnation and blockage in the return pipe 3 21 1220153 stopper. However, for example, a device for measuring the amount of the solid component s returned to the return pipe 3 itself may be provided. The eyepiece 16 mounted on the return tube 3 is provided with a device for photographing the return state of the solid component s, and a clogging detection device is provided on the return tube 3 to directly detect the retention and blockage of the solid component s. Clogging. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, a dispersion pipe 5 ... which is a fluid supply device installed at the bottom of the above-mentioned fluidized bed 丨 and opened on the inner wall portion of the generalized bed 1 above the eighth Nozzles 8 ·· are provided between the connecting portions 7 of the return pipe 3 provided, and-part of the above-mentioned flowing air A can be blown into the fluidized bed ι. Therefore, for example, Even if, as mentioned above, the refractory material lined on the inner wall of the fluidized $ 1 is peeled off on the tiller 5 ..., and the blowout port is plugged, it can be self-configured on the "knife #e 5 • above" The mouthpiece 8 if supplied uninterruptedly supplies the flowing air A in the fluidized bed! The inside can prevent the occurrence of poor flow of the flowing medium%. Therefore, the circulating fluidized bed furnace of the present embodiment having such a mouthpiece 8 is used to pass the flowing medium M retained at the bottom of the flow through the occurrence of the failure, and enter the return pipe 3 from the connection portion 7 described above. The level of the flowing medium M in the return pipe 3 can be prevented before it rises, and it also interacts with the effect of the above-mentioned clogging suppression device, and can more reliably and stably circulate the flowing medium M and process the processed object D . Next, the eighth figure and the third force figure are more important. The main figure is a cross-sectional view of the return pipe 3 of the other embodiment of the present invention. Regarding the common use with the embodiments shown in the first to seventh figures Elements use the same symbol, and its description is omitted. Among them, the first embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is characterized in that a blockage suppression device 22 1220153 is provided instead of the air ejectors 22 and 23 of the above embodiment, and a vibration device 31 for vibrating the return pipe 3 is provided. That is, in this embodiment, a vibrating device 31 having a vibrating vibrator 32 driven by a motor (not shown) is mounted on a metal outer wall portion of the return pipe 3, and the vibrating member 31 Vibration is conducted on the outer wall portion to cause the return pipe 3 to vibrate. Therefore, in a circulating fluidized bed furnace having such a clogging suppression device, when clogging occurs due to the retention of the id component s in the gripping g 3, By operating the vibrating device 31 to vibrate the return pipe 3 from the vibrating member 32, the solid components s 附着 that are attached to the inner wall of the return flow f 3 by the agglomeration phenomenon can be shaken. The medium M is used to suppress clogging, and the same effect as that of the above-mentioned embodiment can be obtained. In addition, the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is characterized in that the expandable and contractible cymbal 41 is accommodated in the return pipe 3. That is, in this embodiment The bag-shaped balloon 4 made of a material having heat resistance and flexibility, such as a metal fiber film, is generally contracted as shown in FIG. 9 (a), and is attached to the inner wall surface of the return pipe 3. Contained on the way, in On the balloon 41, a supply and absorption device 42 for compressed air is connected from the outside of the return tube 3, and when a solid component s is retained in the return tube 3, the supply from the supply device: The absorption device 42 supplies compressed air, such as the ninth As shown in the figure, the balloon 41 inflates instantaneously like an airbag to crush the solid components S 'attached to the inner wall of the return pipe 3. In addition, it can self-fluidize the bed! Pressing back the rising flow medium ^ P system clogging can still The same effect as the above-mentioned embodiment is obtained. In particular, according to this embodiment 'when a solid component S is attached in a bridge shape on the inner wall of the return flow f 3 due to the agglomeration phenomenon', it can be reliably crushed and suppressed. 23 1220153 So it is effective. In addition, the m ^ swollen balloon 41 attracts the compressed air supplied during expansion, chanting μ, +, and # from ^ alum through the supply and absorption device 42 described above, Therefore, it can quickly contract and return to t1. The appendix in the inner wall of the return tube 3 'so that it will not hinder the circulation of the subsequent flowing medium M. At the same time, in these embodiments, the above vibration Work of device 31, The stop and inflation of the balloon 41 are preferably performed based on the detection results obtained by the above-mentioned jam detection device. In addition, if these vibration devices 31 and the balloon 41 are also provided at a plurality of positions in the long direction of the ride-back 3, It is very reliable and effective to suppress the convection generation of the solid component S and the clogging of the return pipe 3. (Inventive effect) As described above, according to the present invention, the solid component is separated by a cyclone: transported back The return pipe of the fluidized bed is provided with an air ejector capable of injecting compressed air into the return pipe, a vibration device for vibrating the return pipe, or a balloon that is contained in the return pipe and expands and contracts. = Device 'can suppress the clogging of solid components in the return pipe caused by the agglomeration of the flowing medium and the retention of the components in the mouth caused by poor flow, which will flow; Beike can be sent back to the fluidized bed, which can The processing is performed by manipulating the processing object stably and reliably. In addition, as long as the clogging suppressing device detects the detection result of the clogging detecting device that detects the retention of solid components in the return / dangerous unit by measuring the flow rate and pressure of the combustion air supplied to the fluidized bed, for example, However, ^ γ ^ $ 仃 work 'can remove the solid-state group 77 in the early stage of stay without burdening the operator, and it can achieve smooth processing. 24 1220153 Moreover, if the connection between the supply device of the flowing air at the bottom of the fluidized bed and the return pipe of the four-flow bed is connected, only a part of the blowing air that blows in the flowing air is placed, even in the fluidized bed. Refractory materials fall off, etc., and can maintain a stable flow state. ~ [Brief description of the drawings] (I) Schematic part The first figure is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. The second figure is a sectional view taken along the line w-w in the first figure. The third figure is a cross-sectional view of χ-χ in the first figure. The fourth figure shows a side cross-sectional view of the air ejector 22 as the clogging suppression device of the embodiment shown in the first figure. The fifth figure is a γ-γ plane view in the first. The sixth figure is a cross-sectional view of ζ-ζ in the first figure. Fig. 的 is an example of a flowchart when the clogging suppression device (air ejector) is operated in accordance with the detection result from the clogging detection device in the embodiment shown in Fig. 第. 28 is a side cross-sectional view of a return pipe 3 showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a view showing a contracted state of a balloon 41 according to another embodiment of the present invention. Cb, J A side sectional view of the return tube 3 in a state where the milk ball 41 is inflated. 25 1220153 (II) Symbols for components I First-class bed, 2 — cyclone separator, 3 — return pipe '5 — dispersion pipe (supply device for flowing air A), 7 connection to return pipe 3 of fluidized bed 1 8—blow nozzle, 10—supply tube for combustion air B, II—flow meter (clog detection device), 12—pressure gauge (clog detection device), 13—combustor, 15—supply tube for treatment D, 22 (22A ~ 22E), 23 (23A ~ 23E) —air ejector (clog suppression device), 3 1—vibration device (clog suppression device), 41—balloon (clog suppression device), Β—combustion air, Ε — Compressed air, S _ solid components, A — flowing air, D — treatment, G — exhaust, M — flowing medium. 26