JP2016023912A - High-temperature exhaust gas purifier, high-temperature exhaust gas generation furnace system, and high-temperature exhaust gas purification method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-temperature exhaust gas purifier, a high-temperature exhaust gas generation furnace system, and a high-temperature exhaust gas purification method capable of improving dust recovery rate while ensuring low cost.SOLUTION: A high-temperature exhaust gas purifier comprises: an upstream cyclone portion 310 including a first shell 312 having a first swirl space 316 formed therein, high-temperature exhaust gas introduced from outside swirling in the first swirl space; and a downstream cyclone portion 330 including a plurality of second shells 332 each having a second swirl space 336 smaller in volume than the first swirl space 316 formed therein, the high-temperature exhaust gas introduced from the first swirl space 316 swirling in the second swirl space 336, at least part of the downstream cyclone portion 330 being located within the first shell 312.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning device, a high-temperature exhaust gas generation furnace system, and a high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning method that removes dust in high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from a high-temperature exhaust gas generator main body to obtain clean gas.

  Conventionally, waste incinerators that thermally decompose (for example, 1500 ° C. or higher) a combustible material or a waste material composed of a mixture of combustible material and non-combustible material in an oxidizing atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere to gasify and melt the waste incinerator are known. ing. In such a waste incinerator, high temperature exhaust gas of 1000 ° C. or higher is generated. Also, melting furnaces for melting ferrous scrap, non-ferrous metals, alloyed iron, etc., furnaces provided in iron making equipment, metallurgical equipment, cement manufacturing equipment (hereinafter, furnaces provided in such equipment are referred to as “equipment furnaces”) ) Also produces a high-temperature exhaust gas of 1000 ° C. or higher.

  High-temperature exhaust gas of 1000 ° C. or higher generated in such a high-temperature exhaust gas generation furnace such as a waste incinerator, melting furnace, equipment furnace, etc. contains organic compounds such as dioxins and dust such as soot dust. Therefore, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the high-temperature exhaust gas generation furnace is rapidly cooled to 200 ° C. or less in a temperature-decreasing tower for preventing dioxins synthesis and resynthesis (de novo synthesis) and removing dioxins (for example, patents). Reference 1). The high-temperature exhaust gas that has been rapidly cooled in the temperature-reducing tower is removed from the chimney that has been detoxified into the atmosphere after dust such as soot is removed by the bag filter, or used in energy conversion facilities such as boilers and gas engines. (For example, Patent Documents 2 and 3).

JP 2001-304537 A JP 2002-276923 A JP 2003-260335 A

  However, the bag filter is likely to be clogged, and it is necessary to frequently replace and clean the filter in order to maintain the dust collecting power, which increases the running cost. In addition, since the heat resistance temperature of the filter cloth is relatively low, the bag cloth may burn out even if it is high-temperature exhaust gas cooled to about 150 ° C. to 200 ° C. in the temperature reducing tower.

  Thus, it is conceivable to employ a ceramic filter made of ceramic, but there are problems that the initial cost is high, the installation area is large, and the construction cost is high. Further, when a ceramic filter made of ceramic is operated, a large amount of pulsed air is required for cleaning, which increases running costs.

  Furthermore, the bag filter dust collecting system is composed of a plurality of bug filters, and can be continuously operated by stopping and cleaning one bug filter and maintaining the operation of other bug filters. The continuous operation type filter cloth type bag filter has a switching device for switching the bag filter to which the high temperature exhaust gas is distributed. However, since the pressure loss (mechanical pressure loss) occurs in the bag filter, the energy consumption of the switching device is reduced. There is a problem that the running cost increases.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning device, a high-temperature exhaust gas generation furnace system, and a high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning method that can improve the dust recovery rate at a low cost.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning device of the present invention includes an upstream cyclone unit having a first tubular body in which a first swirl space in which a high-temperature exhaust gas introduced from the outside swirls is formed, A high-temperature exhaust gas introduced from one swirl space swirls, and has a plurality of second tubular bodies formed therein with a second swirl space having a smaller diameter or volume than the first swirl space, and swirls the first swirl space And a downstream cyclone part through which the high temperature exhaust gas is guided to the plurality of second pipe bodies, wherein at least a part of the downstream cyclone part is located in the first pipe body.

  At least a part of the plurality of second tubular bodies may protrude into the first turning space from above the first tubular body, or the whole may be located in the first turning space.

  The first swirl space may have a circular horizontal cross-sectional shape, and the plurality of second tubular bodies may be disposed so as to surround the center position of the first swirl space.

  In addition, a communication pipe that guides high-temperature exhaust gas from the first swirl space to the second swirl space is provided at the center position of the first swirl space surrounded by the plurality of second tubular bodies. An introduction port formed at the lower end of the main body portion for introducing the high temperature exhaust gas swirling in the first swirl space into the main body portion; It is good also as providing a diversion port led to two pipes.

  Moreover, the lower end of the main body part in which the introduction port is formed may have a shape in which the diameter gradually increases toward the tip.

  Moreover, it is good also as providing the collective discharge part which collects the high temperature exhaust gas which swirled the some 2nd turning space, and discharges outside.

  In addition, the collective discharge part includes an exhaust pipe in which at least the lower end is arranged in the second pipe body and the high-temperature exhaust gas rises from the bottom toward the top, and the lower end of the exhaust pipe gradually increases in diameter toward the tip. It is good also as a shape to do.

  In addition, an opening is provided at the lower end of the second tubular body for discharging dust that has been centrifuged from the high-temperature exhaust gas in the second swirling space vertically downward. The first tubular body includes a plurality of second tubular bodies. A conical tube may be provided in which a lower end is located inside and a dust chamber for storing dust discharged from an opening at the lower end of the second tubular body is formed.

  In addition, a high-temperature exhaust gas cooled by the temperature-decreasing tower may be introduced into the upstream cyclone section, with a temperature-decreasing tower that sprays water on the high-temperature exhaust gas and cools the high-temperature gas to a temperature at which water does not condense. .

  In addition, the temperature reduction tower includes a cylindrical body in which a flow path through which high-temperature exhaust gas flows is formed, a spray unit that sprays water on the high-temperature exhaust gas in the flow path and cools, and dust that has been removed in the cylindrical body outside. And a dust discharge mechanism that discharges the gas.

  In order to solve the above problems, a high temperature exhaust gas generator system according to the present invention includes a high temperature exhaust gas generator main body and a first swirl space in which a high temperature exhaust gas introduced from the high temperature exhaust gas generator main body is formed. An upstream cyclone section having one tubular body and a plurality of second pipes in which a second swirl space having a diameter or volume smaller than that of the first swirl space is swirled by high-temperature exhaust gas introduced from the first swirl space. A low temperature cyclone part in which the high temperature exhaust gas swirling in the first swirl space is guided to the plurality of second pipe bodies, and a suction unit for sucking the high temperature exhaust gas from the second swirl space of the downstream cyclone part, At least a part of the downstream cyclone portion is located in the first tubular body.

  A suction control unit that controls the suction amount of the suction unit based on the pressure of the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the high-temperature exhaust gas generator main body may be provided.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the high temperature exhaust gas cleaning method of the present invention includes a step of swirling the high temperature exhaust gas in the first swirling space and removing dust from the high temperature exhaust gas by centrifugation, and removing dust in the first swirling space. Swirling the high temperature exhaust gas in a second swirl space having a smaller diameter or volume than the first swirl space, and removing dust smaller than the dust removed in the first swirl space from the high temperature exhaust gas by centrifugation; , Including.

  According to the present invention, the dust recovery rate can be improved and the environmental load can be reduced while the cost is low.

It is a figure explaining the whole system | strain of a high temperature exhaust gas generator system. It is a figure explaining the whole system | strain of the cleaning apparatus of 1st Embodiment. It is a conceptual diagram explaining the temperature reduction tower which comprises the cleaning apparatus of 1st Embodiment. It is a conceptual diagram explaining the dust collector which comprises the cleaning apparatus of 1st Embodiment. It is the VV sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram explaining the dust collector of 2nd Embodiment. It is the VII-VII sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram explaining the dust collector of 3rd Embodiment. It is the IX-IX sectional view taken on the line in FIG.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating the understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the entire system of the high-temperature exhaust gas generator system K, and FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the entire system of the cleaning device 100 according to the first embodiment. A high-temperature exhaust gas generation furnace system K shown in FIG. 1 includes a high-temperature exhaust gas generation furnace main body 1 such as a waste incinerator, a melting furnace, and an equipment furnace. In this high-temperature exhaust gas generating furnace main body, high-temperature exhaust gas of high temperature (for example, 1000 ° C. or higher) is generated. A high temperature exhaust gas circulation pipe 4 is connected to the upper portion of the high temperature exhaust gas generation furnace body 1, and the high temperature exhaust gas generated in the high temperature exhaust gas generation furnace body 1 passes through the high temperature exhaust gas generation pipe 1. Is discharged outside.

  A purifier 100 for purifying gas is connected to the outlet of the high-temperature exhaust gas circulation pipe 4. As will be described in detail later, as shown in FIG. 2, the cleaning device 100 removes dust from the high-temperature exhaust gas, and includes a temperature reducing tower 200 and a dust collector 300. The temperature-decreasing tower 200 sprays water onto high-temperature (for example, 1000 ° C. or higher) high-temperature exhaust gas, and cools (decreases) the high-temperature exhaust gas to a temperature at which water does not condense (temperature in a dry state). The dust collector 300 removes dust from the cooled high-temperature exhaust gas.

  Referring back to FIG. 1, the high-temperature exhaust gas from which dust has been removed by the cleaning device 100 (hereinafter, the high-temperature exhaust gas after the dust has been removed by the cleaning device 100 will be referred to as “clean gas”). The air is sucked by the suction portion (attraction fan, blower) 9 through the adjustment damper 5. The suction unit 9 is driven by the electric motor M and sends out the sucked clean gas to the chimney 11. Then, the clean gas guided to the chimney 11 is diffused to the atmosphere.

A furnace port pressure detector for measuring the pressure (furnace port pressure) of the high temperature exhaust gas discharged from the high temperature exhaust gas generator main body 1 is located near the furnace port of the high temperature exhaust gas generator main body 1 in the high temperature exhaust gas circulation pipe 4. 20 is provided. The furnace port pressure detector 20 outputs a detection signal indicating the measured pressure to the suction control unit 21. Suction control unit 21, based on the pressure of the high-temperature exhaust gas indicated by the detection signal, the value of throat pressure is predetermined _{(e.g., -5mmH 2 O~} + _5mmH 2 O range) and so that, the suction unit 9 The amount of suction (attraction) is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed.

  With the configuration including the furnace port pressure detector 20 and the suction control unit 21, the furnace port pressure of the high-temperature exhaust gas generating furnace body 1 can be stabilized.

  Next, the cleaning device 100 according to the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a temperature reducing tower 200 that constitutes the cleaning device 100 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the temperature reducing tower 200 includes a main body chamber (cylindrical body) 210 in which a flow path through which high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the high-temperature exhaust gas generator main body 1 flows is formed. The main body chamber 210 has one end 210a and the other end 210b in the axial direction indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 3 open, and the one end 210a is vertically upward in a state where the axis is along the vertical direction. The other end 210b is positioned vertically downward. One end 210 a of the main body chamber 210 is connected to the high temperature exhaust gas circulation pipe 4 provided on the upstream side of the temperature reducing tower 200 through the introduction duct 212. Therefore, high temperature exhaust gas (1000 ° C. or higher) is introduced from one end 210a (top) of the main body chamber 210 as shown by a broken line arrow G1 in FIG. 3, and from the one end 210a side to the other end 210b side, The inside of the flow path formed in the chamber 210 flows downward in the axial direction.

  The high-temperature exhaust gas is cooled to a temperature (for example, 200 ° C.) at which the water W is sprayed by the spray unit 220 and does not condense in the flow process in the flow path. The spray unit 220 includes one or more spray nozzles 220 a that spray water W into the main body chamber 210. The spray nozzle 220a is composed of, for example, a two-fluid nozzle, and is connected to the spray water line 220c and the spray gas line 220d via a header 220b. Water W and gas (for example, nitrogen or superheat) are supplied from the spray nozzle 220a. Steam) mixed fluid is sprayed.

  By adopting a two-fluid nozzle as the spray nozzle 220a, it becomes possible to atomize the average particle diameter of the water W to be sprayed compared to the case of employing a one-fluid nozzle, and the particle diameter and flow rate distribution are kept constant. While taking a big turndown.

  The average particle diameter and spray range of the water W sprayed by the spray nozzle 220a are the length of the spray position of the spray nozzle 220a, the cylinder speed in the main body chamber 210, and the distance H of the cooling space for cooling the high-temperature exhaust gas. Is set such that the water W is completely evaporated within the distance H of the cooling space for cooling the high-temperature exhaust gas.

  The spray water line 220c is provided with a spray water flow rate control valve 220e, and the spray gas line 220d is provided with a spray gas flow rate control valve 220f. Both flow control valves 220e and 220f are controlled by a spray amount control unit 220g. The spray amount control unit 220g controls both flow control valves 220e and 220f based on the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust gas measured by the temperature detector 220h. Specifically, the temperature detector 220h measures the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust gas at the inlet of the dust collector 300 described later. Then, the spray amount control unit 220g controls the spray water flow rate control valve 220e so that the temperature of the high temperature exhaust gas measured by the temperature detector 220h becomes a predetermined temperature (for example, 150 ° C. or more and 200 ° C. or less). To do.

  In addition, the spray amount control unit 220g controls the spray gas flow control valve 220f so that a predetermined ratio of gas is sprayed with respect to the spray amount of water W determined by the spray water flow control valve 220e. This makes it possible to reduce the amount of gas to be sprayed while maintaining the average particle diameter of the water W to be sprayed at a set value.

  Further, the gas inlet 230a of the discharge pipe 230 provided on the downstream side of the temperature reducing tower 200 (on the dust collector 300 side) is opened vertically downward and is located in the main body chamber 210. The discharge pipe 230 includes an extending part 230b extending upward from the gas flow inlet 230a and a curved pipe continuous from the extending part 230b. The diameter of the gas inlet 230 a is smaller than the diameter of the main body chamber 210, and a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the discharge pipe 230 and the inner peripheral surface of the main body chamber 210. The other end 210 b of the main body chamber 210 is connected to the dust discharge mechanism 240 via the lower conical portion 214 and the lower cylindrical portion 216. Accordingly, the high temperature exhaust gas flows from the one end 210a side of the flow path formed in the main body chamber 210 to the other end 210b side while causing dust in the high temperature exhaust gas to flow downward in the axial direction by gravity. Thus, the high-temperature exhaust gas cooled by spraying water W and dust removed by gravity flows from one end 210a side to the other end 210b side of the flow path formed in the main body chamber 210, and the lower cylindrical portion. By colliding with the bottom of 216, the flow direction is reversed to one end 210a (upward in the axial direction), and is guided from the gas inlet 230a to the discharge pipe 230 as indicated by the broken line arrow G2 in FIG. . On the other hand, the dust that has flowed downward in the axial direction due to gravity is guided to the dust discharge mechanism 240.

  The end portion of the discharge pipe 230 (extension portion 230b) in which the gas inlet port 230a is formed is a curved surface shape of a bell mouth whose diameter gradually increases toward the tip end. Thus, by making the end part of the discharge pipe 230 into the curved shape of a bell mouth, the pressure loss at the time of gas suction is reduced to 1/20 or less compared to the case where the end part is a straight pipe having the same diameter. It is possible to increase the gas flow velocity at the end of the discharge pipe 230, and the pressure loss of the entire temperature reducing tower 200 system can be greatly reduced. Here, the end surface shape of the gas inlet port 230a is a bell mouth curved surface shape, but the shape of the gas inlet port 230a is not particularly limited, and may be the straight pipe end surface shape described above.

  Further, a temperature reducing tower bell 232 having a tapered shape having a tapered surface whose diameter gradually increases from the upper side to the lower side is fixed to the lower peripheral portion of the extending portion 230b of the discharge pipe 230. By colliding with the bottom of the lower cylindrical portion 216, the high-temperature exhaust gas traveling from the top to the bottom is reversed upward. Suppressed.

  The dust discharge mechanism 240 includes a stirrer 240a having a tapered surface whose horizontal cross section gradually increases from the top to the bottom, a supply board 240b that holds the dust flowing down the tapered surface of the stirrer 240a, a scraper 240c, and a speed reducer. 240d, a motor 240e, and a dust chute 240f are provided, and dust collected (recovered) from the high-temperature exhaust gas is stored and then discharged to the dust cutting device 250 (outside). The agitator 240a and the supply board 240b are disposed in the lower cylindrical portion 216 connected to the lower cone portion 214, and are rotationally driven by a motor 240e via a speed reducer 240d. The dust flowing down in the main body chamber 210 collides with the stirring body 240a, moves along the tapered surface of the stirring body 240a, and is guided to the supply board 240b. The dust guided to the supply board 240b is guided to the dust chute 240f by the scraper 240c and introduced into the dust cutting device 250 via the dust chute 240f.

  With the configuration in which the dust discharge mechanism 240 includes a table feeder including the stirring member 240a, the supply board 240b, the scraper 240c, the speed reducer 240d, and the motor 240e, a situation where the dust is bridged by dust can be avoided. Further, by providing the agitator 240a, the supply board 240b, and the scraper 240c, the frequency of stored dust (dried dust) biting into the dust discharge mechanism 240 is reduced, and wear of the dust discharge mechanism 240 is reduced. can do. Furthermore, the dust held by the supply board 240b is continuously cut out by the scraper 240c as dust in a dry state, whereby the dust can be stably guided to the dust cutting device 250.

  The dust chamber 250a of the dust cutting device 250 temporarily stores the dust discharged by the dust discharge mechanism 240. The dust chamber 250a is provided with a dust extraction valve 250b that prevents intrusion of outside air into the dust chamber 250a. In addition, a dust delivery mechanism 250c is connected to the dust chamber 250a via a dust extraction valve 250b, and the dust is sent to a dust processing facility at a subsequent stage by the dust delivery mechanism 250c and reused (recycled). Will be.

  Further, a space for cooling the high temperature exhaust gas is defined as a cooling space, a distance of this cooling space is defined as H, and an inner diameter of the main body chamber 210, that is, a flow path diameter is defined as D. In this case, if the ratio H / D between the distance H of the cooling space and the inner diameter D of the main body chamber 210 is small, the temperature reduction process by evaporation of the spray water does not sufficiently function, and water droplets adhere to the inner wall of the main body chamber 210. Or wet dust adheres and accumulates, making it difficult to discharge, or deposits on the bottom (lower cylindrical portion 216) of the main body chamber 210 as wet dust. On the contrary, if the ratio H / D is large, the height of the main body chamber 210 becomes large, and the cost increases. Therefore, the ratio H / D between the distance H of the cooling space and the inner diameter D of the main body chamber 210 is preferably 4 or less and about 3.2 to 3.5.

The inner diameter D of the main body chamber 210 and the distance H of the cooling space are determined as follows. Based on the gas amount (m ³ / sec) at the inlet of the temperature-decreasing tower 200 and the gas temperature (° C.), an empty cylinder velocity v in the main body chamber 210 is set (for example, v = 1.2 to 1). About 5 m / sec), the inner diameter D of the main body chamber 210 is determined. Further, the residence time t of the high temperature exhaust gas in the main body chamber 210 is set (for example, about t = 6 to 8 sec), and the distance H (H = v × t) of the cooling space is determined from the empty cylinder speed v and the residence time t. decide. Note that the distance H of the cooling space may be longer than v × t assuming an unsteady condition.

  Further, assuming that the inner diameter of the discharge pipe 230 is E, the ratio E / D between the inner diameter D of the main body chamber 210 and the inner diameter E of the discharge pipe 230 is preferably about 0.5 to 0.6.

  As described above, the structure in which the high-temperature exhaust gas is rapidly cooled in the temperature reducing tower 200 can prevent dioxins from being synthesized and re-synthesized (de novo synthesis) and removed.

  Next, the dust collector 300 that is connected to the discharge pipe 230 of the temperature reducing tower 200 and further removes dust from the high-temperature exhaust gas cooled by the temperature reducing tower 200 will be described. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the dust collector 300 constituting the cleaning device 100 of the first embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. The dust collector 300 which comprises the cleaning apparatus 100 of 1st Embodiment is provided with the upstream cyclone part 310 which removes the dust in the high temperature waste gas guide | induced from said exhaust pipe 230. FIG. The upstream cyclone unit 310 includes a first tubular body 312 and a dust chute 314 connected to the lower portion of the first tubular body 312.

  The first tubular body 312 is continuous with the cylindrical side wall portion 312a, the tapered lower end of the side wall portion 312a, and the tapered conical portion 312b whose diameter gradually decreases from the upper side to the lower side, and the upper end of the side wall portion 312a is closed. And an end plate-shaped upper surface portion 312c, and is installed along the central axis in the vertical direction. A first swirl space 316 having a circular horizontal cross-sectional shape is formed inside the first tube body 312, and a first gas introduction port 318 to which the discharge pipe 230 is connected is formed in the side wall portion 312 a. Yes. The first gas inlet 318 is arranged so that the high-temperature exhaust gas introduced from the discharge pipe 230 into the first swirl space 316 flows from the center of the side wall 312a to the inner periphery so that it flows along the tangential direction or the inner peripheral surface of the side wall 312a. The opening is shifted to the surface side. In other words, the opening angle of the first gas inlet 318 is set so that the high-temperature exhaust gas swirls at a high speed in the first swirling space 316.

  As a result, the high temperature exhaust gas guided from the outside to the first tubular body 312 is swirled in the first swirl space 316, and in this swirl process, the dust is centrifuged from the high temperature exhaust gas by inertia and gravity due to centrifugal force. Is done. Thus, the dust centrifuged from the high temperature exhaust gas in the first swirl space 316 finally falls to the dust chute 314 due to its own weight and is stored in the dust chute 314 as shown by an arrow a in FIG. The

  As described above, the high-temperature exhaust gas from which the dust is centrifuged in the first swirl space 316 is guided to the communication pipe 320 from the upper part of the first pipe body 312 as indicated by the arrow b in FIG. The communication pipe 320 includes a main body part 320a penetrating the upper surface part 312c of the first pipe body 312 in the vertical direction at the center position of the first swivel space 316, and the first swirl is provided at the lower end of the main body part 320a. An introduction port 320b for introducing the high-temperature exhaust gas swirling through the space 316 into the main body 320a is formed. Therefore, the high-temperature exhaust gas from which the dust is centrifuged in the first swirl space 316 enters the main body 320a from the introduction port 320b, and rises from the lower part to the upper part in the main body part 320a.

  In addition, the lower end of the main body part 320a in which the introduction port 320b is formed has a curved shape of a bell mouth whose diameter gradually increases toward the tip. Thus, by making the lower end of the main body portion 320a a curved surface shape of a bell mouth, the pressure loss at the time of gas suction can be reduced to 1/20 or less compared to the case where the lower end is a straight pipe having the same diameter. In addition to the curved shape of the bell mouth at the lower end of the exhaust pipe 370, which will be described later, it becomes possible to increase the gas flow velocity at the lower end of the main body 320a and the lower end of the exhaust pipe 370, and the entire dust collector 300 system The pressure loss can be greatly reduced.

  Further, a diversion chamber 320c is formed inside the upper end side of the main body part 320a, and a plurality of parts that penetrate the main body part 320a in the radial direction are formed on the upper end side of the main body part 320a, that is, the part surrounding the diversion chamber 320c. The diversion port 320d is formed. Connection pipes 322 are respectively connected to the plurality of branch ports 320d, and the high-temperature exhaust gas that has been moved up the main body 320a and led to the branch chamber 320c is branched in the radial direction by the branch ports 320d. Is guided to the plurality of second tubular bodies 332 of the downstream cyclone unit 330 along the tangential direction.

  The downstream cyclone unit 330 is located on the downstream side of the upstream cyclone unit 310 and removes fine-grained dust that could not be removed by the upstream cyclone unit 310 from the high-temperature exhaust gas. The downstream cyclone unit 330 includes a plurality (eight in the first embodiment) of second tube bodies 332 and a conical tube 334.

  The second tubular body 332 includes a cylindrical upper wall portion 332a, a tapered lower wall portion 332b that is continuous with the lower end of the upper wall portion 332a, and gradually decreases in diameter from the upper side to the lower side, and an upper wall portion 332a. And a closing member 332c that closes the upper end of the tube, and is installed along the central axis in the vertical direction. Inside the second tubular body 332, the high-temperature exhaust gas introduced from the first swirl space 316 swirls at a high speed, and a second swirl space 336 having a smaller diameter than the first swirl space 316 is formed.

  A second gas introduction port 338 to which the connection pipe 322 is connected is formed in the upper wall portion 332a. The second gas introduction port 338 is configured so that the high-temperature exhaust gas introduced from the connection pipe 322 into the second swirl space 336 flows along the tangential direction or the inner peripheral surface of the second pipe body 332. The opening is shifted from the angle to the inner peripheral surface side. In other words, the opening angle of the second gas inlet 338 is set so that the high-temperature exhaust gas swirls in the second swirl space 336.

  In addition, the plurality of second tubular bodies 332 has an upper end side located above the first tubular body 312, and a part of the lower end side protrudes into the first turning space 316 of the first tubular body 312. More specifically, the upper surface 312c of the first tubular body 312 has a plurality of insertion holes through which the second tubular body 332 is inserted, and the lower end of the second tubular body 332 has an upper surface 312c. It is being fixed to the upper surface part 312c of the 1st pipe 312 in the state inserted in each insertion hole from the upper direction.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of second tubular bodies 332 are arranged so as to surround the center position of the first swirl space 316 (equally in the circumferential direction), and the communication pipe 320 is The first swirling space 316 is surrounded by a plurality of second tubular bodies 332. The diversion port 320d of the communication pipe 320 and the second gas introduction port 338 of the second pipe body 332 are opposed to each other, and the diversion port 320d and the second gas introduction port 338 arranged so as to face each other are connected to the connection pipe 322. Connected by. In this way, in the downstream cyclone unit 330, the high-temperature exhaust gas swirling in the first swirling space 316 passes through the communication pipe 320 and each of the plurality of second tubular bodies 332 as shown by the arrow c in FIG. It is dispersed in the second swirl space 336 and guided in the tangential direction.

  The high temperature exhaust gas guided from the communication pipe 320 to the second pipe body 332 is swirled in the second swirling space 336, and dust is further centrifuged at a high flow rate from the high temperature exhaust gas in this swirling process. Thus, the dust centrifuged at a high flow rate from the high temperature exhaust gas in the second swirl space 336 finally falls in the second tubular body 332 by its own weight, as indicated by an arrow d in FIG. At the lower end of the second tubular body 332, an opening 332d for discharging dust that has been centrifuged from the high-temperature exhaust gas in the second swirling space 336 vertically downward is provided.

  In addition, a conical tube 334 of the downstream cyclone unit 330 is provided in the first tube body 312 (first swirl space 316). The conical tube 334 is formed of a conical tube whose diameter gradually decreases from the upper end toward the lower end, and a dust chamber 334a is formed therein. The dust chamber 334a is sealed, and the lower ends of the plurality of second pipe bodies 332 pass through a through-hole formed in the upper surface of the conical tube 334, and are located inside the conical tube 334 (in the dust chamber 334a). It is provided to do. Therefore, the dust discharged from the opening 332d at the lower end of the second tubular body 332 falls into the dust chamber 334a and is stored.

  As described above, the dust centrifuged from the high temperature exhaust gas in the downstream cyclone unit 330 is stored in the dust chamber 334 a in the conical tube 334. On the other hand, the dust centrifuged from the high-temperature exhaust gas in the upstream cyclone unit 310 is stored in the dust chute 314 provided separately from the dust chamber 334a as described above. Accordingly, dust having a relatively large particle size is stored in the dust chute 314, and fine particle dust having a relatively small particle size is stored in the dust chamber 334a.

  The outer diameter of the conical tube 334 is smaller than the inner diameters of the side wall portion 312 a and the conical portion 312 b of the first tube body 312, and a gap is formed between the outer wall of the conical tube 334 and the inner wall of the first tube body 312. Has been. Thereby, the 1st turning space 316 formed in the inside of the 1st pipe body 312 becomes a cyclic | annular space centering on the conical tube 334 except for a partial upper space. That is, it can be said that the conical tube 334 has a function of rectifying the swirling flow of the high-temperature exhaust gas in the first swirling space 316 in addition to the function of storing the dust centrifuged in the second swirling space 336.

  A lower bell 340 having a tapered surface 340a whose diameter gradually increases from the upper side to the lower side is fixed to the outer peripheral lower portion of the conical tube 334. Therefore, the dust centrifuged from the high temperature exhaust gas in the first swirl space 316 falls to the dust chute 314 while sliding on the tapered surface 340a of the lower bell 340 having the Jinkasa tapered shape. Further, the taper surface 340a of the lower bell 340 reverses the swirl flow from the upper side to the lower side again in the first swirl space 316. At this time, the dust separated from the high temperature exhaust gas is re-scattered and soared. Is suppressed under the umbrella of the lower bell 340.

  Below the dust chute 314 and the conical tube 334, an airflow conveying device 350 for airflowing dust stored in the dust chamber 334a and the dust chute 314 is provided. The air flow conveying device 350 includes a dust bin 352 disposed below the dust chute 314 and the conical tube 334. The dust bin 352 is connected to a dust chute 314 and a conical tube 334 via a dust discharge pipe 354 having a dust cut valve and a seal valve (not shown) for cutting out dust, and the dust cut out from the dust chute 314 is connected to the dust bin 352. And the dust cut out from the dust chamber 334a are separated and stored.

  In addition, similarly to the dust discharge pipe 354, a dust cutting pipe 356 provided with a dust cut valve, a seal valve, and the like is connected to the lower end of the dust bin 352. Further, the dust cutting tube 356 communicates with the dust transfer line 358, and a carrier gas such as nitrogen gas or air is supplied to the dust transfer line 358 via the carrier gas tube 360. As a result, the dust cut out in the dust bin 352 is transported out of the system from the dust transport line 358 by the carrier gas.

  On the other hand, the high temperature exhaust gas from which the dust is centrifuged in the second swirl space 336 is guided to the exhaust pipe 370 from the upper part of the second pipe body 332. The exhaust pipe 370 penetrates the closed portion 332c of each second tubular body 332 in the vertical direction at the center position of the second swirl space 336. The lower end of the exhaust pipe 370 is located in the second pipe body 332, that is, in the second swirl space 336, and the upper end is connected to the merge pipe 8. In this way, the exhaust pipe 370 and the merging pipe 8 constitute the collective discharge part 372, and the collective exhaust part 372 collects the clean gas after the dust is centrifuged in the plurality of second swirl spaces 336. Then, it is discharged outside the cleaning device 100. The lower end of the exhaust pipe 370 also has a curved shape of a bell mouth whose diameter gradually increases toward the tip, similarly to the communication pipe 320 described above, and the pressure loss of the entire dust collector 300 system in which the gas flow rate is large. Significant reduction is achieved.

  According to the cleaning device 100 of the first embodiment, the high temperature exhaust gas is sprayed with the temperature reduction tower 200 to cool the high temperature exhaust gas to a temperature at which the water does not condense, and the high temperature exhaust gas is swirled in the first swirl space 316. And removing the dust from the high temperature exhaust gas by centrifugal separation, and the high temperature exhaust gas from which the dust has been removed in the first swirl space 316 at a higher flow velocity in the second swirl space 336 having a smaller diameter than the first swirl space 316. A method for purifying high-temperature exhaust gas is provided that includes a step of removing finer dust from the high-temperature exhaust gas than the dust removed in the first swirl space 316 by swirling and centrifugal separation.

  And according to said cleaning apparatus 100, since dust content in clean gas can fully be reduced, since there is no filter like the conventional bag filter, in order to maintain dust collection power It is not necessary to replace the filter, the frequency of cleaning can be reduced, and the running cost can be reduced.

  Further, as compared with the conventional bag filter, the pressure loss of the entire cleaning device 100 can be reduced, and the driving power of the suction unit 9 can be reduced.

  FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a dust collector 400 according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. The dust collector 400 of the second embodiment is different from the dust collector 300 of the first embodiment in the arrangement of the second tubular body 332, and other configurations and operations are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment. There is no difference. Therefore, description of the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is omitted here, and only differences from the first embodiment will be described.

  In the dust collector 400 of the second embodiment, a plurality of second pipes 332 are placed on the upper surface portion 312c of the first pipe 312 with the central axis of the second pipe 332 inclined with respect to the vertical direction. Inserted and fixed. More specifically, the plurality of second tubular bodies 332 has a lower end side protruding into the first tubular body 312 (first swirl space 316) with respect to an upper end side located above the first tubular body 312. The first swirl space 316 is located on the inner side (center side) in the radial direction. By arranging the second tubular body 332 in this way, the body diameter of the first tubular body 312 can be reduced, and further cost reduction and installation space reduction can be realized.

  FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a dust collector 500 according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. The dust collector 500 of the third embodiment is different from the dust collector 300 of the first embodiment in the arrangement of the second tubular body 332, and other configurations and operations are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment. There is no difference. Therefore, description of the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is omitted here, and only differences from the first embodiment will be described.

  In the dust collector 500 of the third embodiment, the entire second tube body 332 is located in the first tube body 312 (first swirl space 316). Accordingly, the communication pipe 320 is also provided in the first pipe body 312 (first swirl space 316), and in the dust collector 500 of the third embodiment, the upper surface portion 312c of the first pipe body 312 is provided. Has a flat plate shape. Thus, by providing the entire second tube body 332 in the first tube body 312 (first swirl space 316), the total length of the dust collector 500 can be reduced.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Is done.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the second swirl space 336 has been described as an example of a configuration having a smaller diameter than the first swirl space 316. However, the volume of the second swirl space 336 may be smaller than that of the first swirl space 316, and the circumference may be smaller than that of the first swirl space 316.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the dust chamber 334a is provided inside the conical tube 334 has been described as an example. However, the shape of the dust chamber 334a is not limited, and may be, for example, a cylindrical shape. In any case, it is only necessary that the lower ends of the plurality of second tubular bodies 332 are positioned in the dust chamber 334a.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used in a high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning device, a high-temperature exhaust gas generation furnace system, and a high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning method that obtains clean gas by removing dust in the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the high-temperature exhaust gas generator main body. it can.

K high-temperature exhaust gas generation furnace system 1 high-temperature exhaust gas generation furnace main body 9 suction unit 21 suction control unit 100 cleaning device 200 temperature reduction tower 210 main body chamber (tubular body)
220 Spraying Unit 240 Dust Discharge Mechanism 300, 400, 500 Dust Collector 310 Upstream Cyclone Unit 312 First Tube 316 First Swirling Space 320 Communication Pipe 320a Main Body 320b Inlet 320d Branch Port 330 Downstream Cyclone Unit 332 Second Tube 332d Opening 334 Conical tube 334a Dust chamber 336 Second swirl space 370 Exhaust tube 372 Collecting and discharging unit

Claims (13)

An upstream cyclone unit having a first tubular body in which a first swirling space in which high-temperature exhaust gas introduced from the outside swirls is formed;
The first swirl space has a plurality of second tubular bodies in which a second swirl space having a diameter or volume smaller than that of the first swirl space is swirled. A downstream cyclone section in which the high-temperature exhaust gas swirling in the swirling space is guided to the plurality of second pipes;
With
At least a part of the downstream cyclone section is located in the first pipe body, and the high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning device is characterized in that:   A plurality of the second tubular bodies are at least partially projected into the first swirling space from above the first tubular body, or are entirely located in the first swirling space. The high temperature exhaust gas cleaning apparatus according to claim 1. The first swirl space has a circular horizontal cross-sectional shape,
The high temperature exhaust gas cleaning apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of second tubular bodies are arranged so as to surround a center position of the first swirl space. A communication pipe that guides high-temperature exhaust gas from the first swirl space to the second swirl space is provided at a center position of the first swirl space surrounded by the plurality of second pipe bodies,
The communication pipe is
The main body,
An inlet that is formed at the lower end of the main body and introduces high-temperature exhaust gas swirling the first swirl space into the main body;
A diversion port that is introduced into the main body from the introduction port and diverts the high-temperature exhaust gas that rises up the main body to guide the plurality of second pipes;
The high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning device according to claim 3, comprising:   The high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning device according to claim 4, wherein the lower end of the main body portion where the introduction port is formed has a shape in which the diameter gradually increases toward the tip.   The high temperature exhaust gas cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a collective discharge unit that collects the high temperature exhaust gas swirled in the plurality of second swirl spaces and discharges the high temperature exhaust gas to the outside. . The collective discharge unit is
At least the lower end is disposed in the second pipe body, and includes an exhaust pipe in which high-temperature exhaust gas rises from the bottom toward the top,
The high temperature exhaust gas cleaning device according to claim 6, wherein the lower end of the exhaust pipe has a shape in which a diameter gradually increases toward the front end. The lower end of the second tubular body is provided with an opening for vertically discharging the dust centrifuged from the high temperature exhaust gas in the second swirling space,
A conical tube in which the lower ends of a plurality of the second tube bodies are located inside the first tube body, and a dust chamber for storing dust discharged from an opening at the lower end of the second tube body is formed in the first tube body The high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein A temperature reducing tower that sprays water on the high-temperature exhaust gas and cools the high-temperature gas to a temperature at which water does not condense;
The high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the high-temperature exhaust gas cooled by the temperature reducing tower is introduced into the upstream cyclone unit. The temperature reducing tower is
A cylinder having a flow path through which the high-temperature exhaust gas flows; and
A spray section for spraying water on the high-temperature exhaust gas and cooling the flow path;
A dust discharge mechanism for discharging the dust removed in the cylinder to the outside;
The high-temperature exhaust gas cleaning device according to claim 9, comprising: A high-temperature exhaust gas generator main body,
An upstream cyclone unit having a first tubular body in which a first swirling space in which a high-temperature exhaust gas introduced from the high-temperature exhaust gas generating furnace body swirls is formed;
The first swirl space has a plurality of second tubular bodies in which a second swirl space having a diameter or volume smaller than that of the first swirl space is swirled. A downstream cyclone section in which the high-temperature exhaust gas swirling in the swirling space is guided to the plurality of second pipes;
A suction part for sucking the high-temperature exhaust gas from the second swirling space of the downstream cyclone part;
With
At least a part of the downstream cyclone portion is located in the first pipe body, and the high-temperature exhaust gas generating furnace system is characterized in that   The high temperature exhaust gas generation furnace system according to claim 11, further comprising a suction control unit that controls a suction amount of the suction unit based on a pressure of the high temperature exhaust gas discharged from the high temperature exhaust gas generation furnace main body. Swirling the hot exhaust gas in the first swirling space and removing dust from the hot exhaust gas by centrifugation;
The high-temperature exhaust gas from which dust has been removed in the first swirl space is swirled in a second swirl space having a diameter or volume smaller than that of the first swirl space, and removed from the high-temperature exhaust gas by centrifugal separation in the first swirl space. Removing dust that is smaller than the dust,
A method for cleaning high temperature exhaust gas, comprising:

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