JP2008082660A - Incinerator and clinker preventing/eliminating method by the incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an incinerator and a clinker preventing/eliminating method by the incinerator having an effect of continuously preventing clinker from sticking to the inside of the incinerator and eliminating clinker which has already stuck and grown while causing no damage of a refractory material, with a simple facility at low cost. <P>SOLUTION: A water flow pipe 7 producing curtain-like flowing water 8 in the incinerator 3 is piped in the incinerator 3 for incinerating industrial waste and general waste. Dust in contact with the curtain-like flowing water 8 is thereby solidified and hardly sticks to a wall surface 32 of the incinerator 3 to continuously prevent clinker. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a clinker (product in the furnace, in-furnace) formed by dust generated when incinerating waste such as industrial waste and general waste adhering to and depositing on the furnace wall and flue of the incinerator. The present invention relates to an incinerator having a means for preventing and removing deposits) and a method for preventing and removing clinker by the incinerator.

  In incinerators for industrial waste and general waste, various types of waste are generated by incineration in combination with physical changes such as melting and solidification and chemical reactions such as oxidation or acid / alkali reactions. Things are generated. After this product adheres to the side wall of the incinerator, etc., it grows by repeating more complicated physical changes and chemical reactions, and becomes a hard clinker.

  As the clinker grows, the interior of the incinerator and the volume of the flue are reduced, and the combustion time of the waste itself and the combustion exhaust gas is reduced. Thereby, the combustion for removing harmful substances becomes insufficient. Further, when the furnace and the flue are narrowed, exhaust efficiency may be deteriorated. Furthermore, the clinker that has become enormous may fall and damage the wall surface and various facilities in the furnace, and it will be necessary to spend a great deal of time and cost for repairs.

  Thus, it is necessary to remove the clinker so that the clinker generated in the furnace wall and the flue does not affect the combustion efficiency and the life of the equipment. Conventionally, the operation of the incinerator was stopped periodically several times a year, and the clinker was removed manually. However, after the operation of the incinerator is stopped, it takes several hours to several days for cooling until it reaches a temperature at which a person can work in the furnace. Furthermore, after the clinker is removed, a similar temperature raising time is required for starting up the incinerator for incineration again, which requires a lot of time. This shortens the annual operating time of the incinerator.

  In addition, the clinker adhering to the furnace is extremely difficult to remove, and the removal work has a large physical burden. In addition, a dedicated machine or a heavy machine or the like that is large in some cases is used, which requires a great deal of cost.

  Therefore, a method for preventing clinker accumulation by the methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 has been proposed.

  In Patent Document 1, spray water is supplied along the inner surface of the furnace wall of the incinerator, the temperature of the ash in the combustion gas flowing near the inner surface of the furnace wall is lowered, and the molten ash is applied to the furnace wall. It prevents it from adhering. In Patent Document 2, saturated steam or heated steam is inserted into the vertical combustion layer and the ash layer to prevent local abnormal combustion at the bottom of the incinerator and prevent the generation of clinker.

  In Patent Document 3, high melting point particles or a dispersion liquid thereof are jetted onto a side wall of a furnace which is a clinker generating portion to prevent the clinker from adhering.

JP 2004-205115 A JP-A-2005-69542 JP 2006-29701 A

  However, the inventions of Patent Documents 1 and 2 both spray mist-like water, and the effect of removing the already attached clinker cannot be expected in addition to the effect of preventing the clinker. Furthermore, the refractory material protecting the inside of the furnace wall is vulnerable to water wetting and is likely to crack and peel off. In addition, the invention of Patent Document 3 requires high melting point particles and a chemical solution tank, which increases the cost for materials and equipment.

  The object of the present invention is to continuously prevent the clinker from adhering to the inside of the incinerator at a low cost with simple equipment, and has the effect of removing the already attached and grown clinker, and has a fire resistance. An incinerator having no damage to the material, and a method for preventing and removing clinker by the incinerator.

  In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, in an incinerator for incinerating industrial waste and general waste, a water pipe for generating curtain-like running water is provided in the incinerator. An incinerator is provided. Thereby, since the molten dust etc. which contacted curtain-like flowing water solidify and it becomes difficult to adhere to the wall surface of an incinerator, a clinker can be prevented continuously.

  It is preferable that the flowing water pipe is piped along a side wall of the incinerator. Thereby, it can prevent that a clinker adheres to the whole side wall.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said water flow pipe is piped with the predetermined space | interval from the said side wall. Thereby, running water is not directly applied to the refractory material protecting the side wall of the incinerator, and the refractory material can be prevented from being damaged by the heat shock.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said water flow pipe is provided with the water spout, and this generates curtain-shaped water flow. Furthermore, it is preferable that a water spout opening that opens upward from the water pipe is provided, so that the clinker can be prevented from adhering to the upper side of the water pipe.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the bottom surface of the incinerator has a water seal structure. Thereby, the flowing water from a flowing water pipe can be collect | recovered and it can use for a water seal structure.

  The present invention also relates to a method for preventing clinker formed by dust generated when incinerating industrial waste and general waste adhering to and depositing on a side wall of an incinerator, and the curtain is formed in the incinerator. Thus, the present invention provides a method for preventing clinker by the incinerator, which prevents the dust from solidifying in contact with the flowing water and preventing the dust from adhering to the side wall.

  Furthermore, the present invention is a method for removing a clinker formed by depositing and depositing dust generated when incinerating industrial waste and general waste on the side wall of an incinerator, wherein the incinerator has a curtain shape. A method of removing clinker by the incinerator that contacts the clinker on which the flowing water is accumulated by generating the flowing water and the clinker is destroyed by heat shock and peels off is provided.

  The present invention also relates to a method for removing clinker formed by depositing and depositing dust generated when incinerating industrial waste and general waste on the side wall of an incinerator, wherein the incinerator has a curtain shape. The clinker removal method is characterized in that by generating the flowing water, the flowing water contacts the clinker on which the flowing water is deposited, and a part of the clinker component is dissolved in the flowing water and peeled off.

  According to the present invention, by generating curtain-shaped running water, dust generated during incineration of waste is solidified by contact with low-temperature running water and hardly adheres to the side walls of the incinerator. Therefore, there is an effect of continuously preventing clinker adhesion. Moreover, in a high-temperature incinerator, a part of running water evaporates and water vapor | steam is generated. At this time, the dust is repelled by the rapid expansion of the volume and falls without adhering to the side wall. Furthermore, a wider range of curtain-like water vapor is formed than flowing water, and the dust is solidified by contact with the low-temperature water vapor and hardly adheres to the side wall. Thus, the generation of clinker can be prevented by using both running water and water vapor.

  Moreover, even when a clinker adheres to the side wall and grows, it is destroyed by a heat shock when the running water comes into contact with the clinker. Furthermore, the flowing water comes into contact with the deposited clinker, and a part of the clinker component is dissolved in the flowing water and peeled off. Therefore, an effect of removing clinker grown to a certain size or more can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an outline of a waste combustion apparatus 1 provided with an incinerator 3 according to the present invention. The waste combustion apparatus 1 is combusted in an incinerator 3 and an incinerator 3 for combusting, for example, a primary combustion apparatus 2 such as a rotary kiln apparatus, waste discharged from the primary combustion apparatus 2 and exhaust gas generated in the primary combustion apparatus 2 A cooling device 4 for cooling the exhaust gas, a soot removal device 5 for separating ash from the cooled exhaust gas, and a chimney 6 for discharging the exhaust gas from which the ash has been removed to the atmosphere are provided. A water-sealed conveyor device 10 that conveys the residue after combustion is provided at the lower portion of the incinerator 3.

  The incinerator 3 is formed in, for example, a vertically long substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape or a cylindrical shape. The incinerator 3 is provided in a state where the longitudinal direction is directed vertically and the side wall 32 is substantially vertical. The inner wall of the incinerator 3 is formed of a refractory material such as brick, for example, and the inside of the incinerator 3 has acid resistance and heat resistance. Inside the incinerator 3 is a combustion chamber 31. An opening 33 communicating with the end of the primary combustion device 2 is formed on one side wall of the incinerator 3. At the lower end portion of the incinerator 3, a residue discharge port 34 connected to the water-sealed conveyor device 10 is provided.

  Various types of waste as combustible materials are pulverized and mixed to an appropriate size and supplied from the supply unit 11 into the primary combustion apparatus 2. In the primary combustion apparatus 2, the waste is heated, dried and burned. Waste after drying and primary combustion and exhaust gas generated during primary combustion are sent from the opening 33 to the combustion chamber 31 of the incinerator 3, and secondary combustion is performed by the incinerator 3. The combustion temperature at the time of secondary combustion is at least 800 ° C. or higher, desirably 900 ° C. or higher, so that exhaust gas can be completely burned and dioxins can be reliably decomposed. The residue remaining after the waste is incinerated in the combustion chamber 31 is discharged into the water-sealed conveyor device 10 through the residue discharge port 34.

  At the upper end of the incinerator 3, a lead-out port 35 for leading exhaust gas is opened and connected to the cooling device 4. The exhaust gas discharged from the outlet 35 is introduced into the cooling device 4 and a predetermined cooling process is performed. Thereafter, the exhaust gas is sent to the dust removing device 5 where the remaining ash and the like are removed and discharged from the chimney 6 into the atmosphere.

  The incinerator 3 is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles 38 that spray the waste liquid into the combustion chamber 31. By appropriately setting the number, arrangement, orientation, spray amount, spray state, etc. of these spray nozzles 38, the waste liquid sprayed from the spray nozzles 38 to the combustion chamber 31 evaporates at a high temperature, and the evaporation residue is incinerated. The The spray nozzle 38 is provided when incinerating industrial waste, and is not usually provided in an incinerator for general waste.

  The incinerator 3 is provided with a plurality of air supply ports 36 for supplying air to the combustion chamber 31. By appropriately setting the number, arrangement, orientation, and the like of these air supply ports 36, the atmosphere in the combustion chamber 31 is agitated when air is supplied from the air supply port 36 to the combustion chamber 31. The volume can be used effectively for combustion. The incinerator 3 is provided with a burner 37 that supplies combustion gas to the combustion chamber 31. The flow rate of air supplied from the air supply port 36 and the flow rate of air supplied to the burner 37 are both variable.

  In the combustion chamber 31, a running water pipe 7 is piped at a position where a clinker is likely to be generated or a position where generation is predicted to generate flowing water 8. The flowing water pipe 7 is installed in the upper part of the combustion chamber 31 along the inner side of the side wall 32 with an appropriate interval from the side wall 32. The flowing water pipe 7 is inserted into the combustion chamber 31 from the outside of the incinerator 3 through a through hole formed in the side wall 32 of the incinerator 3, and is fixed to the side wall 32 by the fixture 14. The flowing water pipe 7 includes a flow meter 13 and a pump 12 outside the incinerator 3, and the amount of water spray is controlled by these.

  In addition, the piping position of the flowing water pipe 7 is not restricted to the position shown in the example of FIG. 1, and it is preferable to connect as many pipes as necessary in a necessary range of a place where clinker is easily generated.

  The water flow pipe 7 is provided with a plurality of water spouts to be described later. For example, 1.6 m2 of water per hour is sprinkled from the water spout into the combustion chamber 31. Water is sprayed with a sufficient amount of water and large water droplets so that unevaporated water flows even in the high temperature combustion chamber 31. The water that has flowed down is collected by the water-sealed conveyor device 10.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the side wall 32 of the incinerator 3 is constituted by a double structure of a structural iron skin 32a and a refractory layer 32b made of a refractory brick or the like for protecting the iron skin 32a. There are also structures having a plurality of refractory layers. Further, depending on the shape and temperature range of the incinerator 3, the refractory layer 32b may not be provided. The water flow pipe 7 is provided at a position separated from the side wall 32 by a distance D. The interval D is set so that the sprinkled water is directly scattered on the refractory layer 32b and the refractory layer 32b is not damaged by heat shock, and is usually about 100 mm to 500 mm. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of water spray ports 71 opening upward are provided in the water flow pipe 7 in the combustion chamber 31 at regular intervals, for example, every 100 mm. The diameter of the water spout 71 is, for example, about 5 mm. The material of the water flow pipe 7 is stainless steel, preferably SUS316L or the like having excellent heat resistance.

  The water spray port 71 of the water flow pipe 7 may be opened in any direction such as downward, sideward, or upward, but it is preferable to open upward. As shown in FIG. 3 (A), when a water spout 71a is provided below the water pipe 7a and water is sprayed downward, dust generated during incineration adheres to the upper part of the water pipe 7, and the clinker 9 is deposited. Cheap. When water is sprinkled upward as shown in FIG. 3B, the outer periphery of the water pipe 7 is covered with the water 8b, and the clinker is less likely to adhere. Furthermore, since the flowing water pipe 7 is cooled by the flowing water 8a flowing inside the flowing water pipe 7 and the flowing water 8b on the outer periphery, the strength of the flowing water pipe 7 in the high temperature atmosphere in the combustion chamber 31 is prevented from being reduced, and the durability is improved.

  As described above, by providing the water spout 71 on the upper side of the water flow pipe 7, water and water vapor as shown in FIG. 4 are generated in the combustion chamber 31 during water sprinkling. That is, running water 8 b is generated from the upper part of the running water pipe 7 along the outer periphery of the running water pipe 7, and the running water 8 c is formed in a curtain shape toward the lower side of the combustion chamber 31. In the high-temperature combustion chamber 31 reaching about 1000 ° C., a part of the sprinkled water evaporates to form curtain-shaped water vapor 8d. When flowing water evaporates, the volume rapidly expands due to vaporization, so that an effect of repelling dust 9a generated during combustion can be obtained as shown in FIG. Further, when the dust 9a comes into contact with the low-temperature curtain-like running water 8c or water vapor 8d, the molten dust 9a is solidified and hardly adheres to the side wall 32 as a clinker, and a residue discharge port below the combustion chamber 31 Drop toward 34 (FIG. 1).

  As shown in FIG. 5, when the clinker 9b is accumulated on the side wall 32, the accumulated clinker 9b is destroyed by heat shock and a part is peeled off by the flowing water 8c near the side wall 32. Therefore, since the clinker 9b is removed without growing beyond a certain level, the operation of the incinerator 3 is not affected.

  In this way, by using the un-evaporated water stream and the water vapor generated by evaporation in combination, the adhesion and growth of the clinker in the incinerator 3 can be suppressed easily and inexpensively. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform the labor and cost of removing the clinker by stopping the operation of the incinerator 3, and the operational stability and cost advantage of the incinerator 3 are greatly improved. Actually, when the water pipe 7 was piped and sprinkled as described above, it was no longer necessary to remove the clinker, which was required 3 to 4 times a year.

  In general, an incinerator 3 that may exceed 1000 ° C. softens a substance such as iron and cannot maintain its strength. However, when water flows in the flowing water pipe 7, the temperature of the flowing water pipe 7 itself increases. Decrease, strength and durability can be maintained.

  FIG. 6 shows different piping examples of the flowing water pipe 14. A running water pipe 14 is vertically installed on the front surface of the side wall 32 of the incinerator 3 and sprinkled in a parabolic shape from a water spout 141 provided on the side of the running water pipe 14 to generate curtain-like running water in the combustion chamber 31. Let As described above, for example, when it is difficult to connect the water pipe to the position where water is sprayed from above due to structural restrictions of the incinerator, the water pipe may be sprayed from the side or from below.

  The present invention can be applied to an incinerator for industrial waste and general waste.

The schematic diagram which shows the waste combustion apparatus provided with the incinerator which concerns on this invention. The partial cutting perspective view which shows the flowing water pipe installation part of the incinerator of FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the watering state by the position of the watering opening of a water pipe. Explanatory drawing which shows the state at the time of watering by this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the different state at the time of watering by this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the piping example from which a flowing water pipe differs.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste combustion apparatus 2 Primary combustion apparatus 3 Incinerator 4 Cooling apparatus 5 Dust removal apparatus 6 Chimney 7 Flowing water pipes 8 and 8c Flowing water 9a Dust 9b Clinker 10 Water-sealed conveyor apparatus 11 Supply part 12 Pump 13 Flow meter 31 Combustion chamber 32 Side wall 71 Water spout

Claims (9)

  An incinerator for incinerating industrial waste and general waste, wherein an inflow furnace for generating curtain-like running water is provided in the incinerator.   The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the flowing water pipe is piped along a side wall of the incinerator.   3. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the water pipe is piped at a predetermined interval from the side wall.   The incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a water spout is provided in the water pipe.   The incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water pipe is provided with a water spout opening that opens upward of the water pipe.   The incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a bottom surface of the incinerator has a water seal structure. A method for preventing a clinker formed by depositing and depositing dust generated when incinerating industrial waste and general waste on the side wall of an incinerator,
The curtain-like running water is generated in the incinerator to prevent the dust from contacting and solidifying and adhering to the side wall. The clinker prevention method by the incinerator described. A method for removing a clinker formed by depositing and depositing dust generated when incinerating industrial waste and general waste on the side wall of an incinerator,
7. The curtain-like running water is generated in the incinerator to come into contact with the clinker on which the running water is accumulated, and the clinker is destroyed and peeled off by heat shock. The removal method of the clinker by the incinerator described in 1. A method for removing a clinker formed by depositing and depositing dust generated when incinerating industrial waste and general waste on the side wall of an incinerator,
The curtain-like running water is generated in the incinerator to contact the clinker on which the running water is deposited, and a part of the clinker component is dissolved in the running water and peeled off. The removal method of the clinker by the incinerator in any one of.

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