JP2004205115A - Device for preventing clinker deposition on furnace wall of incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shorten an operation resting period for an incinerator arising in removing clinkers on a year basis by suppressing the production of the clinkers on the furnace walls of the incinerator. <P>SOLUTION: The incinerator 5 arranged in a boxed shape in a plan view extending to the vertical direction has the plurality of furnace walls 20 inside which a combustion chamber 19 is formed. A spray water supply means 33 is provided for supplying spray water 32 along inner faces 24 of the furnace walls 20. Combustion gas 6 flows upward in the combustion chamber 19 where the spray water 32 is supplied while being sprayed upward. The spray water 32 is supplied in a flat shape along the inner faces 24 of the furnace walls 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an incinerator such as a refuse incinerator, which cools a furnace wall with spray water to prevent clinker from adhering to the furnace wall.
[0002]
[Prior art]
[0003]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-329317
Conventionally, there is the incinerator described in Patent Document 1 described above. According to this, the incinerator extends in the vertical direction and is arranged so as to have a box shape in a plan view, a plurality of furnace walls whose inside is a combustion chamber, a ceiling closing an upper end of the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber. A hearth constituted by a grate arranged at the lower end of the chamber.
[0005]
When incinerating the refuse by the incinerator, the refuse is placed on the hearth, and the air supplied so as to pass upward through the hearth from below and the fuel separately supplied, Burn garbage. The combustion gas generated by the combustion flows upward in the combustion chamber, is discharged to the outside from the upper end of the combustion chamber, is purified, and is then discharged to the atmosphere as exhaust gas. On the other hand, the ash generated by the combustion falls downward from above the hearth and is treated in a landfill or the like in a subsequent step.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, recently, the temperature of the combustion chamber is extremely high, such as 800 to 900 ° C. or higher, for the purpose of preventing dioxin from being contained in the exhaust gas. For this reason, the ash in the combustion gas flowing through the combustion chamber tends to melt and adhere to the inner surface of the furnace wall. Then, as the welding proceeds, a clinker having a thickness and weight is generated. Such a clinker inhibits predetermined waste combustion by reducing the volume of the combustion chamber and the hearth area, and when the clinker comes off from the furnace wall, it forms the inner surface of the furnace wall. The disadvantage is that the refractory material is seriously damaged.
[0007]
Therefore, conventionally, the operation of the incinerator is periodically stopped, and a removal operation for removing clinker from the furnace wall is performed. However, this operation is complicated and takes a long time in a year, and accordingly, There is a disadvantage that the operation of the incinerator is stopped for a long period of time as a year, that is, the number of operating days of the incinerator is reduced.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and by suppressing the occurrence of clinker on the furnace wall of an incinerator, the operation of the incinerator during the clinker removal operation has to be stopped for a year. The task is to be able to shorten it.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An apparatus for preventing clinker adhesion to a furnace wall in an incinerator according to the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows. Note that the reference numerals added to the terms in this section do not limit the technical scope of the present invention to the contents of the “Embodiments of the Invention” described below.
[0010]
The invention according to claim 1 is directed to an incinerator having a plurality of furnace walls 20 which extend in the vertical direction and are arranged in a box shape in plan view, and the inside of which is a combustion chamber 19.
A spray water supply means 33 for supplying spray water 32 along the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20 is provided.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect, in the incinerator wherein the combustion gas 6 flows upward in the combustion chamber 19,
[0012]
By spraying the spray water 32 upward, the spray water 32 is supplied.
[0013]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first or second aspect, the spray water 32 has a flat shape along the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in addition to any one of the inventions according to claims 1 to 3, the inner surfaces 24 near the corners between the inner surfaces 24 of the furnace walls 20 adjacent to each other in a plan view. Is supplied with the spray water 32.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 5 is an incinerator provided with a ceiling 21 closing an upper end of the combustion chamber 19 in addition to any one of the inventions according to claims 1 to 4,
[0016]
The spray water 32 is supplied to the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20 near the ceiling 21.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0018]
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a refuse incineration apparatus for incinerating refuse 2 which is waste and to be incinerated into ash 3.
[0019]
The refuse incinerator 1 includes a dryer 4 for drying and burning the refuse 2, an incinerator 5 for incinerating the refuse 2 discharged from the dryer 4, and introducing external air into the incinerator 5, The incinerator 5 is provided between the incinerator 5 and the attraction fan 7 for inducing a combustion gas 6 generated by incineration of the refuse 2 from the incinerator 5 to the outside thereof. And a dust collector 9 that collects and purifies ash contained in the combustion gas 6 whose temperature has been reduced by the temperature reducing tower 8. After the gas 6 is purified by the dust collector 9, the gas 6 is discharged to the atmosphere as clean exhaust 10 through the induction fan 7.
[0020]
The dryer 4 includes a rotary kiln 14 that feeds the refuse 2 and conveys it while rotating, and a burner 15 that supplies hot air into the rotary kiln 14 to dry and burn the refuse 2.
[0021]
The incinerator 5 has a furnace body 18. The furnace body 18 extends in the vertical direction, is arranged in a rectangular box shape in plan view of the furnace body 18, and has a plurality of (four) refractory furnaces in which the inside is a combustion chamber 19. The furnace includes a wall 20 and a ceiling 21 fixedly supported on the upper end of each furnace wall 20 so as to close the upper end of the combustion chamber 19. In the lower part of the furnace wall 20, an inlet 22 is formed to allow the refuse 2 discharged from the rotary kiln 14 of the dryer 4 to be injected into the lower part of the combustion chamber 19, while the upper end of the furnace wall 20 is formed. A discharge port 23 for allowing the combustion gas 6 in the combustion chamber 19 to be discharged to the outside is formed in the portion, and each part of the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20 is formed to be flat.
[0022]
Further, the incinerator 5 includes a hearth 25 which is arranged at the lower end of the combustion chamber 19 and is formed of a grate fixed to the lower end of each of the furnace walls 20, and blows hot air to a lower part of the combustion chamber 19. Other burners 26 to be supplied and a water cooling device 27 that cools the furnace walls 20 with cooling water are provided. The furnace floor 25 is loaded with the refuse 2 introduced through the inlet 22.
[0023]
When the refuse 2 is to be incinerated by the refuse incinerator 1, the refuse 2 is first put into a rotary kiln 14 of a dryer 4, and the refuse 2 is dried and burned by hot air from a burner 15. Next, the refuse 2 is put into the furnace body 18 from the rotary kiln 14 through the inlet 22 of the furnace body 18 of the incinerator 5, and is placed on the hearth 25. Then, the refuse 2 is further burned by the air supplied so as to pass through the hearth 25 from below to above. Further, the volatile matter generated from the refuse 2 by this combustion is further burned by the other burner 26.
[0024]
The combustion gas 6 generated by the combustion flows upward in the combustion chamber 19, is discharged from the upper end of the combustion chamber 19 to the outside through the discharge port 23, and is purified by the dust collector 9 and the like. , And are discharged to the atmosphere as exhaust gas 10. On the other hand, the ash 3 generated by the combustion falls downward from above the hearth 25 and is treated in a landfill or the like in a subsequent process.
[0025]
In the above configuration, the incinerator 5 includes a spray water supply unit 33 that supplies the spray water 32 along the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20. The spray water supply means 33 has through holes 36 formed in each part of the furnace wall 20 so as to communicate the inside and outside of the combustion chamber 19, and can be inserted into and removed from the through holes 36 from the outside of the furnace body 18. A water injection pipe 37 to be inserted, a fixing tool 38 for detachably fixing the water injection pipe 37 to the furnace wall 20 side, and an inner surface 24 of each of the furnace walls 20 detachably fixed to a tip of the water injection pipe 37. And a water pump 41 that supplies high-pressure water 40 pressurized to the nozzle 39 through the water injection pipe 37.
[0026]
When the water 40 is supplied to the nozzle 39 by the water pump 41, the nozzle 39 is directed in a direction along the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20, that is, in a direction near the inner surface 24 and substantially parallel to the inner surface 24, and Is supplied by injecting the spray water 32 upward. The spray water 32 has a flat inverted triangle shape and is sprayed so as to be substantially parallel to the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20. That is, the spray water 32 is supplied in a water curtain shape covering the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20. Is done.
[0027]
In the illustrated example, the spray water 32 is supplied along substantially the entire inner surface 24 of each furnace wall 20. In particular, the spray water 32 is supplied to a portion of the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20 near the upper part of the hearth 25. Spray water 32 (marked with the symbol (a)) is supplied, and, in plan view of the incinerator 5, the inner surfaces 24 near the corners between the inner surfaces 24 of the two adjacent furnace walls 20, 20. Are supplied with spray water 32 (marked with (b)), and further spray water 32 (marked with (c) on the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20 near the ceiling 21. ) Is supplied.
[0028]
The supply of the spray water 32 by the spray water supply means 33 to each part of the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20 may be sequentially performed using any one of the nozzles 39 sequentially selected with time. Further, the spray water 32 may be automatically supplied to the combustion chamber 19 only when the gas temperature of the combustion gas 6 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value.
[0029]
According to the above configuration, the spray water supply means 33 is provided, which sprays and supplies the spray water 32 along the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20.
[0030]
For this reason, the temperature of the ash in the combustion gas 6 flowing near the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20 is effectively reduced by the spray water 32. Attempts to weld to the inner surface 24 are prevented.
[0031]
Therefore, the generation of clinker on the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20 is suppressed, and therefore, the clinker removal operation can be performed in a short period of time in a year. As you can see, it can be reliably shortened.
[0032]
Further, as described above, since the spray water 32 is supplied along the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20, for example, the spray water 32 is injected into the center of the combustion gas 6 so that The unnecessary temperature and the temperature of the furnace wall 20 are unnecessarily lowered, and the unnecessary generation of CO gas is prevented. Therefore, even when the spray water supply means 33 is provided as described above, the incineration of the refuse 2 by the incinerator 5 is performed well.
[0033]
Furthermore, when the gas temperature of the combustion gas 6 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the spray water 32 is supplied by the spray water supply means 33. If the number of supply points is increased, the gas temperature of the combustion gas 6 can be maintained in a predetermined range, and a desired combustion state is ensured.
[0034]
Further, as described above, the spray gas 32 is supplied by causing the combustion gas 6 to flow upward in the combustion chamber 19 and injecting the spray water 32 upward.
[0035]
Therefore, the spray water 32 is prevented from opposing the flow of the combustion gas 6, and is supplied over a wider area along the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20. Therefore, the generation of clinker on the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20 is more reliably suppressed, and the downtime of the operation of the incinerator 5 can be more reliably reduced.
[0036]
Further, as described above, the spray water 32 has a flat shape along the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20.
[0037]
Therefore, the spray water 32 is more uniformly supplied to the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20. Therefore, since the generation of clinker in each part of the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20 is more uniformly suppressed, the clinker removal operation is facilitated, and the downtime of the operation of the incinerator 5 is further reliably reduced. be able to.
[0038]
Further, as described above, the spray water 32 is supplied to the inner surfaces 24 near the corners between the inner surfaces 24 of the two furnace walls 20 adjacent to each other in plan view.
[0039]
For this reason, the portion of the combustion chamber 19 at the corner between the inner surfaces 24, 24 of the furnace walls 20, 20 is a portion where the combustion gas 6 tends to stagnate, and the temperature of the combustion gas 6 near the corner tends to be high. This high temperature is prevented by the spray water 32. Therefore, generation of clinker in the inner surface 24 of each furnace wall 20 in the vicinity of the corner is more reliably suppressed, and the downtime of the operation of the incinerator 5 can be reduced more reliably.
[0040]
Further, as described above, in the incinerator provided with the ceiling 21 which closes the upper end of the combustion chamber 19, the spray water 32 is supplied to the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20 near the ceiling 21.
[0041]
For this reason, the portion of the combustion chamber 19 near the ceiling 21 is a portion where the combustion gas 6 is likely to stagnate, and the temperature of the combustion gas 6 near the ceiling 21 tends to be high, but this high temperature is prevented by the spray water 32. You. Therefore, the occurrence of clinker in the portion of the inner surface 24 of each furnace wall 20 near the ceiling 21 is more reliably suppressed, and the downtime of the operation of the incinerator 5 can be more reliably reduced.
[0042]
Further, in the refuse incineration apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration, the spray water 32 contains a waste liquid that is discharged from a chemical plant or the like and is to be subjected to a heat treatment within a range in which the above-described effect of preventing the generation of clinker can be obtained. . The waste liquid is, for example, an acid substance containing water, an alkali substance, an oil component, a solvent, or the like, and is contained in the water 40 sucked into the water pump 41.
[0043]
In particular, as described above, the vicinity above the hearth 25 is a very high temperature portion in the combustion chamber 19 of the incinerator 5 due to the temperature and radiant heat of the combustion gas 6. The spray water 32 (a) is supplied to a portion of the inner surface 24 of the nozzle 20. For this reason, the generation of clinker is suppressed by the supply of the spray water 32, and in addition, the waste liquid contained in the spray water 32 is more effective because the temperature and radiant heat of the combustion gas 6 are high. A synergistic effect of heat treatment.
[0044]
Further, as described above, the temperature of the combustion gas 6 tends to be high in the vicinity of the corners between the inner surfaces 24 of the furnace walls 20, 20 and in the vicinity of the ceiling 21, and the combustion gas 6 is likely to become high in temperature. The spray water 32 is supplied along the portion of the inner surface 24 of each furnace wall 20 corresponding to. Therefore, also in this case, similarly to the above, the synergistic effect that the generation of clinker is suppressed and the waste liquid is more effectively heat-treated by the high temperature of the combustion gas 6 is also provided. Occurs.
[0045]
Although the above description is based on the illustrated example, the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20 is not limited to the one completely extending in the vertical direction, and may be slightly inclined. Further, the box shape of the cross section of the furnace main body 18 in plan view may be polygonal such as pentagon in addition to rectangular. Further, the hearth 25 may be of a fluidized bed type. Also, the illustrated number of nozzles 39 may be provided only partially. Further, the spray water 32 may have a large number of nozzles 39 arranged side by side to form a large number of conical shapes having small apex angles side by side, so that the spray water 32 may have a flat rectangular or trapezoidal shape as a whole. Further, the spray water 32 may include steam of water and / or waste liquid, and the spray water 32 is sprayed horizontally or downward along the inner surface 24 of the furnace wall 20. May be supplied. Further, the water 40 may be composed of only water, and the types of the water 40 such as the water content may be different from each other for the spray water 32 injected by each nozzle 39.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
The effects of the present invention are as follows.
[0047]
The invention according to claim 1 is an incinerator provided with a plurality of furnace walls that extend in the vertical direction and are arranged in a box shape in plan view, the inside of which is a combustion chamber.
[0048]
Spray water supply means for supplying spray water along the inner surface of the furnace wall is provided.
[0049]
For this reason, since the temperature of the ash in the combustion gas flowing near the inner surface of the furnace wall is effectively reduced by the spray water, the ash is melted by the combustion heat and is likely to be deposited on the inner surface of the furnace wall. Is prevented.
[0050]
Therefore, the generation of clinker on the inner surface of the furnace wall is suppressed, and therefore, the clinker removal work is short in a year, and as a result, the operation inactive period of the incinerator is viewed in a year, It can be shortened reliably.
[0051]
Further, as described above, since the spray water is supplied along the inner surface of the furnace wall, for example, by spraying the spray water to the center of the combustion gas, the overall temperature of the combustion gas and the furnace wall Is unnecessarily lowered. Therefore, even when the spray water supply means is provided as described above, the incinerator can be satisfactorily incinerated.
[0052]
The invention according to claim 2 is an incinerator wherein the combustion gas flows upward in the combustion chamber,
[0053]
By spraying the spray water upward, the spray water is supplied.
[0054]
For this reason, the spray water is prevented from opposing the flow of the combustion gas, and is supplied over a wider area along the inner surface of the furnace wall. Therefore, the generation of clinker on the inner surface of the furnace wall is more reliably suppressed, and the downtime of the operation of the incinerator can be more reliably reduced.
[0055]
In the invention of claim 3, the spray water has a flat shape along the inner surface of the furnace wall.
[0056]
For this reason, the spray water is more uniformly supplied to the inner surface of the furnace wall. Therefore, since the generation of clinker in each part of the inner surface of the furnace wall is more uniformly suppressed, the clinker removal operation is facilitated, and the downtime of the operation of the incinerator can be more reliably reduced. .
[0057]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, spray water is supplied to each of the inner surfaces of the furnace walls adjacent to each other in plan view near the corners between the inner surfaces.
[0058]
For this reason, the portion of the combustion chamber at the corner between the inner surfaces of the furnace walls is a portion where the combustion gas tends to stagnate, and the combustion gas in the vicinity of the corner tends to become high in temperature. Is prevented. Therefore, the generation of clinker in the inner surface portion of each furnace wall near the corner is more reliably suppressed, and the downtime of the operation of the incinerator can be more reliably reduced.
[0059]
The invention according to claim 5 is an incinerator provided with a ceiling that closes an upper end of the combustion chamber,
[0060]
Spray water is supplied to the inner surface of the furnace wall near the ceiling.
[0061]
For this reason, the portion of the combustion chamber near the ceiling is a portion where the combustion gas tends to stagnate, and the temperature of the combustion gas near the ceiling tends to be high. However, the high temperature is prevented by the spray water. Therefore, the generation of clinker in the inner surface portion of each furnace wall near the ceiling is more reliably suppressed, and the downtime of the operation of the incinerator can be more reliably reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side sectional view of a refuse incinerator.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a partially broken perspective view of the incinerator.
[Explanation of symbols]
5 Incinerator 6 Combustion gas 18 Furnace main body 19 Combustion chamber 20 Furnace wall 21 Ceiling 24 Inner surface 25 Furnace floor 32 Spray water 33 Spray water supply means

Claims (5)

In an incinerator having a plurality of furnace walls, which extend in the vertical direction and are arranged in a box shape in plan view, the inside of which is a combustion chamber,
A device for preventing clinker from adhering to a furnace wall in an incinerator provided with a spray water supply means for supplying spray water along the inner surface of the furnace wall. In an incinerator in which the combustion gas flows upward in the combustion chamber,
The apparatus for preventing clinker adhesion to a furnace wall in an incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the spray water is supplied by injecting the spray water upward. The apparatus for preventing clinker adhesion to a furnace wall in an incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spray water has a flat shape along the inner surface of the furnace wall. Spray water is supplied to each of the inner surfaces near the corner between the inner surfaces of both furnace walls adjacent to each other in a plan view. Clinker adhesion prevention device. In an incinerator with a ceiling that closes the upper end of the combustion chamber,
The apparatus for preventing clinker adhesion to a furnace wall in an incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein spray water is supplied to an inner surface of the furnace wall near the ceiling.

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