KR100445785B1 - Grill arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a grate apparatus and a method of incineration for burning solid, gel, sludge, and liquid incinerators, and to a grate apparatus capable of more effectively burning various phase incinerators.

Accordingly, in the present invention, when constructing a grate device for burning various incinerators in solid or gel state, sludge state or liquid state, at least one grate is provided, and a plurality of discharge passages are formed to communicate with the upper surface of the grate. It supplies gas or vapor through the medium, the medium is supplied to the inner chamber by the compressed gas supply device, the compressed gas supply device to raise the pressure of the medium to intermittently blow into the inner chamber at a high pressure state It provides a swirl flow grate device, characterized in that.

By using such a device, the medium in the form of gas or steam is blown into the incinerator in the grate intermittently to soften or pulverize the material to be incinerated and to incinerate the incinerator with various foreign substances correctly. .

Description

Grate arrangement

The present invention relates to a fluidized grate device for incineration of solid or juicy gel or liquid wastes at the same time, in particular in the treatment of incineration by means of blowing gas or vapor in the form of a medium into the waste bed. It is about.

Conventionally known grate devices include a stepped grate, a stepped axial vibrating grate, and a flat grate, which are configured to partially install nozzles in a flat or inclined portion so that air flows vertically from each grate plane.

Such a grate device blows air to fluidize and fluctuate the incineration layer on the surface of the grate.

However, in such a device, even if the homogenous incinerator is fluidized and burned sufficiently well, it may be difficult to burn the incinerator if the incinerator has heavy and dense foreign matter. This, too, must be further enhanced in order to ensure fluctuations and segregation as necessary, where the light components of the incineration are more likely to be discharged with the combustion gases without being burned in part or in whole.

If it is a wet substance that can be burned without being separated, it can be incinerated at a very slow rate with a moderate spill of pollutants at low temperatures.

The incinerator grates constructed in Korea are mainly built with foreign technology, so they are not suitable for the domestic garbage property, and most of them have difficulties in the operation of incineration sites. Domestic garbage is different from foreign garbage, so general garbage contains a lot of moisture and contains garbage such as glass, aluminum and scrap metal.

In addition, the construction waste of industrial waste contains wire and scrap metal, and the high-liquid waste is mixed with moisture. The difference between these domestic waste and waste compared with foreign waste is

1. General waste is different from domestic food. Domestic food culture prefers broth, and foreigners mainly stock bread, indicating that domestic general waste has a lot of water content.

2. Industrial waste, foreign countries are mostly used to separate collection according to the long-term plan, recycling and incineration are well separated. In Korea, most of them rely on landfilling and have recently incinerated because of landfill saturation.

The domestic situation of industrial waste has a lot of difficulties in incineration of several dozen types.

In addition, the general waste incinerator grate is applied to the industrial waste grate, so that the amount of industrial waste heat is much higher than that of the general waste, so that the grate can not withstand heat rapidly and loses the function of the grate intensity, resulting in rapid consumption. Most domestic applied grate uses stalker type grate in general garbage or industrial waste incinerator. This stocker grate is made of metal and is driven by an individual combination.

When applied to general garbage, the problem is that if glass or aluminum is melted and squeezed into the grate gap, the stocker grate stops working and needs maintenance.

Since domestic garbage contains a lot of water, the metal grate is easily corroded by the harmful gases generated during the water and incineration process, so the exchange cycle is quicker. Since domestic stalker grate applied to industrial garbage is incinerated during individual movement, foreign matter such as wire interferes with grate driving movement and causes operation stop due to jamming phenomenon.

In addition, the high-liquid waste of industrial waste contains a lot of moisture, when a lot of oil and water is heated, harmful gases such as sulfuric acid is generated when the metal grate is corroded quickly. Industrial waste has a much higher temperature than ordinary garbage during incineration, causing the grate to lose heat, resulting in rapid consumption. The stocker grate does not supply the combustion air uniformly due to the irregular fixing of the gap, which reduces the drying and combustion effect.The metal grate needs cooling because it requires cooling. Falling and shortening the life due to thermal deformation of the grate has the disadvantage of frequent replacement. A grate with this problem has its drawbacks. Since the grate having such a problem is selected and applied to the incineration site, it is difficult to operate the incinerator because of high downtime and high operating costs.

The present invention is designed to meet the domestic waste characteristics with the main purpose of solving this problem, and the device is installed in part on a flat or inclined grate, and the air or oxidant from this nozzle is perpendicular to the grate plane or It was configured to flow out at an appropriate angle. These grate devices blow air to fluidize some or all of the incineration waste layer on the surface of the grate to promote mixing of air and waste. The aim is to contribute to reducing the generation of noxious gases such as dioxins by improving the operating rate, reducing operating costs, and increasing combustion efficiency.

An important feature of the present invention is that the wastes containing various phases, such as solid, gel and liquid, can be burned simultaneously without being separated. This is because nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) generated during incineration of the wastes. This is to reduce emissions.

In addition, as described above, the incineration of the waste is improved by intermittently blowing the gas or vapor medium into the waste bed. The blowing force of the medium causes the fluidization, in whole or in part, to float the entire waste layer or part of it onto the grate, and the gaseous medium consists of air, oxygen, steam or mixtures thereof. The intermittent blown medium has a flow rate of about 0.3 to 30 m / s, and when the functional medium is blown between the grate plane and 20 to 35 °, the incineration is carried simultaneously.

In this apparatus, by injecting heated steam or air, the temperature of the waste layer can be raised to promote incineration, and the blowing speed from the nozzle is determined by the supply amount and the type and number of nozzles. Decide

The passage uses nozzles installed obliquely in the grate and is produced by pressing in the form of slits. The outlet is made of components that withstand high temperatures and is about 100-140 mm long and can be mass produced.

In this apparatus, the upper part of the grate is covered with a refractory material to withstand the high temperature of the incinerator, so as to suit the purpose, to protect the foundation and the nozzle described above.

As a compressed air or gas supply device, a flowable spinning pump is used, which supplies hot steam or heated air to the reservoir inside the grate. The supply of steam is cheaper than compressed air, and the air is supplied using the energy inherent in the steam.

1A and 1B are sectional views showing the nozzle of the grate, in which FIG. 1A is a front sectional view and FIG. 1B is a side sectional view.

2 is a plan view from above of the grate nozzle;

Figure 3 is a sectional view showing a nozzle and a detailed installation according to the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the grate according to the present invention.

5a and 5b are cross-sectional views showing in more detail the discharge passage of the grate based on FIG.

6 is a plan view from above of the grate device;

7 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of the incinerator and various invention grate device.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

1 nozzle 2 air outlet

4: fireproof material 10: nozzle

200: air outlet 500: air cylinder

501: support member 502: upper cover

504: splint 505: discharge passage

508: coating layer 600: compressed gas supply device

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings an example of the present invention will be described in more detail.

1A and 1B are cross-sectional views showing nozzles of the grate, FIG. 1A is a front sectional view, and FIG. 1B is a side sectional view.

According to this, the nozzle 1 (shown here, only one nozzle) attached to the disc 7 injects air through the air outlet 2, and 3 indicates the transport direction of the incineration waste. Between each nozzle 1 is filled with the refractory material 4.

The nozzle 1 in the present invention processes not only a circular cross section but also a slit (long hole) as shown in Figs. 1A and 1B, and the surface of the grate is flat.

The method of attaching the nozzle to the disc 7 is performed by welding or close contact, and the inclination angle between the nozzle 1 and the disc is between 20 and 35 °.

2 is a plan view of the grate showing how nozzles are distributed over the entire grate face.

This figure looks at the proper number of nozzles 10 and shows in particular which nozzles supply the necessary combustion air and on the other hand the steam mixture is used for the transfer of the incineration. The conveying direction of the incinerator is 30 and the grate surface is 20.

3 shows the air cylinder 500 and the air supply port 600 which are connected to blow air to the grate. The nozzle is connected to the air outlet 200 from the right of the air cylinder 500. The grate surface is marked 100 in this figure, the grate filled with refractory material is 400 and the conveying direction of the incinerator is 300.

How the nozzle 10 is installed for the total grate area can be seen in FIG. 2, and in the example shown in this figure, the long direction of the nozzle lies in the direction of transport of the incinerator. The discharge direction of the air is installed at an angle of 20 to 35 ° with respect to the surface of the grate, for example, and inclined in the incineration conveying direction to convey the incineration in the desired direction. The transport of incinerators does not require a separate mechanical means.

In FIG. 4, the structure of the air cylinder below the grate described in FIG. 3 is shown in sectional drawing. Here, the structure of the air supply port 600 and the air cylinder 500 is shown. Basically, the air reservoir 500 is composed of a tub-shaped support member 501 and an upper cover 502. The upper cover 502 of the reservoir is made of a heat resistant material such as stainless steel or chrome steel, and the support member 501 may be made of a material that does not have heat deformation such as general steel.

The discharge passage 505 in the form of a nozzle is arranged on the surface of the upper cover, such a discharge passage is shown in cross-sectional view in Figure 5a.

The discharge passage 505 is cylindrical with a diameter of about 4 to 6 mm, and at the lower portion the discharge passage extends through the conical cut portion 507, which is intended to increase the flow rate of the air flow.

5b shows the same discharge passage, where the outside of the top cover 502 is covered with a coating layer 508 made of a material containing silicon carbide (SiC), which layer 508 is formed from the top of the top cover ( 502. The discharge passage 505 is installed through the coating layer 508 to remove the pins made of synthetic resin or wood, which are easily soluble, and then burned or blown after completion of the coating layer 508. If necessary, the upper part of the grate is heated to melt the pin components.

6 shows a grate 500 in which the grate apparatus of the present invention is arranged in parallel. Here, the discharge passage 505 is arranged to form a triangular arrangement with the adjacent passages, in such a configuration that the number of the discharge passage can be at least uniformly supplying air in the waste layer. Discharge passages are installed in a direction perpendicular to the direction of waste transport of the grate, which affects the transport of waste.

7 shows a schematic view of the entire incineration apparatus, in which three grate apparatuses 701 to 703 are constructed in three stages with the apparatus constructed in FIG. When the waste is supplied by the pushing device 710 on the uppermost grate 701, a drying process takes place, and when drying is completed, the waste is transferred to the next stage by the pushing device 711, and the next grate After incineration occurs at 702, the incineration residue after incineration is supplied to the post-combustion grate 712 by the pushing device 712 so that complete combustion is achieved.

The present invention improves the incineration state by promoting the mixing of waste and oxidant by intermittently injecting a gas or vapor-type medium through the grate into the waste layer, and solids, sludges, liquids, etc. It is effective to incinerate properly.

Claims (5)

A plurality of air supply passages are formed on the upper surface of the grate to communicate with the combustion chamber. The air supply passages supply air, oxygen, or a mixture of air and oxygen at high pressure and into the incineration waste layer inside the combustion chamber at high speed. Grate device characterized in that the intermittent blowing. delete delete The method of claim 1. Grate apparatus, characterized in that the air supply passage has a cross-sectional shape obliquely inclined to face the transport direction for carrying out the ash to transport the waste and ashes to be incinerated during incineration. 2. The grate of claim 1, wherein the grate has an air flow path for supplying air or oxygen, the air flow path comprising a top cover which is resistant to high temperature and is replaceable, and a replaceable support member made of ordinary steel, the top cover of the grate The grate device, characterized in that is covered with a material of ceramic material to resist high temperature heat.