KR20020000579A - Grill arrangement for burning solid, gel and liquid phase fuel and incinerating method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for incinerating waste by a grate is provided to blow gas or steam into a waste contained in the grate and to burn up the waste of solid, gel or liquid state. CONSTITUTION: A grate incinerating a waste comprises an air tank(500) having a bath tub shape; a support member(501) mounted on the tank; an upper cover(502) composing the tank; an insert unit(503) formed by bending a plate on an edge of the support member; a splint(504) inserting the upper cover into the insert unit; plural discharging passages arranged on a surface of the upper cover with a nozzle shape; and a coating layer covering the outside of the upper cover by containing siliciumcarbide to protect the upper cover from incinerator heat. The discharging passage is expanded through a cut portion on a lower portion of the upper cover. Moreover, the discharging passage forms a triangle shape. Thereby, the grate incinerating the waste blows gas or steam into a waste contained in the grate to combust waste of solid, gel or liquid state.

Description

Grating arrangement for burning solid, gel and liquid phase fuel and incinerating method

The present invention relates to a swirl flow grate device for combusting solid, groggy gel or liquid incinerators, and an incineration method using the grate. It relates to a grate device which is treated by blowing a gas or vapor medium.

Conventionally known grate devices include a stepped grate, a stepped axial vibrating grate, and a flat grate, which are configured to partially install nozzles in a flat or inclined portion so that air flows vertically from each grate plane.

Such a grate device blows air to fluidize and fluctuate the incineration layer on the surface of the grate.

However, in such a device, even if the homogenous incinerator is fluidized and burned sufficiently well, it may be difficult to burn the incinerator if the incinerator has heavy and dense foreign matter. This, too, must be further enhanced in order to ensure fluctuations and segregation as necessary, where the light components of the incineration are more likely to be discharged with the combustion gases without being burned in part or in whole.

If it is a wet substance that can be burned without being separated, it can be incinerated at a very slow rate with a moderate spill of pollutants at low temperatures.

The incinerator grates constructed in Korea are mainly built with foreign technology, so they are not suitable for the domestic garbage property, and most of them have difficulties in the operation of incineration sites. Domestic garbage is different from foreign garbage, so general garbage contains a lot of moisture and contains garbage such as glass, aluminum and scrap metal.

In addition, the construction waste of industrial waste contains wire and scrap metal, and the high-liquid waste is mixed with moisture. The difference between these domestic waste and waste compared with foreign waste is

1. General waste is different from domestic food. Domestic food culture prefers broth, and foreigners mainly stock bread, indicating that domestic general waste has a lot of water content.

2. Industrial waste, foreign countries are mostly used to separate collection according to the long-term plan, recycling and incineration are well separated. In Korea, most of them rely on landfilling and have recently incinerated because of landfill saturation.

The domestic situation of industrial waste has a lot of difficulties in incineration of several dozen types.

In addition, the general waste incinerator grate is applied to the industrial waste grate, so that the amount of industrial waste heat is much higher than that of the general waste, so that the grate can not withstand heat rapidly and loses the function of the grate intensity, resulting in rapid consumption. Most domestic applied grate uses stalker type grate in general garbage or industrial waste incinerator. This stocker grate is made of metal and is driven by an individual combination.

When applied to general garbage, the problem is that if glass or aluminum is melted and squeezed into the grate gap, the stocker grate stops working and needs maintenance.

Since domestic garbage contains a lot of water, the metal grate is easily corroded by the harmful gases generated during the water and incineration process, so the exchange cycle is quicker. Since domestic stalker grate applied to industrial garbage is incinerated during individual movement, foreign matter such as wire interferes with grate driving movement and causes operation stop due to jamming phenomenon.

In addition, the high-liquid waste of industrial waste contains a lot of moisture, when a lot of oil and water is heated, harmful gases such as sulfuric acid is generated when the metal grate is corroded quickly. Industrial waste has a much higher temperature than ordinary garbage during incineration, causing the grate to lose heat, resulting in rapid consumption. The stocker grate does not supply the combustion air uniformly due to the irregular fixing of the gap, which reduces the drying and combustion effect.The metal grate needs cooling because it requires cooling. Falling and shortening the life due to thermal deformation of the grate has the disadvantage of frequent replacement. A grate with this problem has its drawbacks. Since the grate having such a problem is selected and applied to the incineration site, it is difficult to operate the incinerator because of high downtime and high operating costs.

The present invention is designed to meet the domestic waste situation with the main purpose to solve these problems, and will be installed so that it can be installed permanently once installed, contributes to the reduction of harmful gases such as dioxin by improving the operation rate and operating cost and increase the efficiency of combustion do.

An important feature of the present invention is that it is possible to burn incinerators containing various phases, which softens and pulverizes the incinerator, and in particular, these foreign substances are incinerated by the outflow of NOx and CO which have been reduced in size during incineration.

In addition, the softener is intermittently blown into the incinerator through a gas or vapor medium for softening or pulverization.

The pushing strength and length floats over the grate in all or at least a substantial part of the incineration, and after the pushing operation is completed, the incineration leads to softening, mixing and grinding. The gaseous medium consists of air, oxygen, steam or compounds.

The vapor is preferentially blown into each section in the compound or at appropriate intervals. The speed of intermittent blowing is most suitable about 300m / sec ~ 350m / sec. Incineration support is possible when intermittent continuous blows are combined at low speeds.

The functional medium is blown to the grate surface at a sharp angle, especially between 20 and 35 °, so that additional incineration can be carried.

The medium under pressure can be ejected at a continuous speed of 100 m / sec to 150 m / sec (heating operation).

Convenience is when the steam, especially the heated steam, is lifted into the moving medium of the injector or the spinning pump to produce a vapor-air compound from the energy inherent in it.

However, in addition to this method, the grate surface is divided into air and steam algae, allowing incineration transport at various intervals, ranges and zones to use speeds between 300 m / sec and 350 m / sec and to move closer to the speed of sound.

The grate device in the invention is included in the compressed gas supply device for pushing up the gas-type medium in the grate inner chamber.

In addition to softening and incineration of the incineration bed, the discharge passage for the gaseous medium is arranged at an angle to the grate surface in order for the incineration transport on the grate to somehow be directed in the direction of ash discharge for functional purposes.

The discharge speed from the passage is related to the quantity and the shape of the nozzle and can be regulated or defined at a defined discharge cross section of the passage.

As a passage, for example, an embossed plaster nozzle shrink-wrapped in an air reservoir can be used, in which the nozzle is to be made by machine and the outlet is pressed into the shape of a slit with a narrow gap. In particular, the outlet shall consist of heat-resistant components and may be from 100mm to 140mm in length. Mass production is also possible.

The discharge passage is also formed in the shape of a nozzle in the upper part of the grate and immediately with a circular discharge cross section.

The top of the grate was covered with fireproof material to protect it from incineration heat, in accordance with its intended purpose. This ensures protection at the top of the grate, especially the foundation or the nozzles described above.

Examples of the compressed gas supply apparatus include a fluid spinning pump. It pumps air into the inner chamber of the grate as an active medium with high temperature steam.

The advantages of the technical method are that the reduction of the content of NOx to the contents of the core flames through the steam nozzles is comprehensive over the entire grate plane or the partial grate planes, for example at 1000 ° C to 1250 ° C and beyond the core flames. Reference may be made to what is dispensed.

At high temperatures, the slight separation of water vapor, O ₂ and H ₂ , is well known to the expert and the combustion air is heated with steam.

Steam is cheaper than compressed air, and the injector action uses the energy inherent in the steam to support it from the steam. With the help of calorific techniques, the energy in the steam is recovered from the furnace gas transport through condensation.

1A and 1B are sectional views showing the nozzle of the grate, in which FIG. 1A is a front sectional view and FIG. 1B is a side sectional view.

2 is a plan view from above of the grate nozzle;

Figure 3 is a sectional view showing a nozzle and a detailed installation according to the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the grate according to the present invention.

5a and 5b are cross-sectional views showing in more detail the discharge passage of the grate based on FIG.

6 is a plan view from above of the grate device;

7 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of the incinerator and various invention grate device.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

1 nozzle 2 air outlet

4: fireproof material 10: nozzle

200: air outlet 500: air cylinder

501: support member 502: upper cover

504: splint 505: discharge passage

508: coating layer 600: compressed gas supply device

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings an example of the present invention will be described in more detail.

1A and 1B are sectional views showing the nozzle of the grate, in which FIG. 1A is a front sectional view and FIG. 1B is a side sectional view.

The nozzle 1 (here only one nozzle) plastered on the disc 7 was used for the medium with the air outlet 2, and 3 indicates the direction of transport of the incineration. Between each stucco plastering nozzle 1, it is filled with the fireproof material 4.

The nozzle 1 in the present invention was processed in the shape of a long hole (slit), as shown in Figs. 1A and 1B, not in a circular cross section. The surface 5 of the grate is flat.

To attach the nozzle 1 to the disc 7, a welding or contact method was used. The stuccoed nozzle 1 was closely packed with an inclination angle of about 20 to 35 °.

2 is a plan view showing how nozzles are distributed over the entire grate area.

In this figure, the number of stuccoed nozzles 10 is suited, in particular which nozzles 10 are used to carry out the incineration transport which requires combustion air on one side and steam air compounds on the other. Show if it is made possible.

The direction of transport of the incinerator is 30 and the grate surface is 20.

3 shows the air supply 600 together in the form of a reservoir 500 to communicate air to the grate. In the air cylinder 500, the stucco-molded nozzle is compressed and packed up to the air outlet 200. The grate surface is indicated here as 100, with the refractory-filled material as 400 and the direction of transport of the incinerator as 300, where 200 includes not only the air outlet of the nozzle but all other areas in which a large amount of temperature is generated.

It can be seen in Figure 2 how the nozzle 10 is placed over the entire grate area. According to the embodiment shown here, the long radius of the nozzle 10 lies in the transport direction.

Taking the discharge direction as an example, the discharge direction of steam or vapor air compound enriched with air due to the injector effect lies at an angle of 20 to 35 ° to the grate surface, and is inclined in the incineration transport direction.

In operation of the driving interval, the incineration can be moved in the desired direction.

Surprisingly, no other mechanical means is required here, and it was invented for the rapid movement of the grate or for adaptation in very heterogeneous incinerations with large, heavy and non-burning foreign bodies.

In FIG. 4, the grate described in FIG. 3 is shown in cross section.

Here also has an air supply (500) and the shape of the air reservoir (500). Basically, the barrel 500 is composed of a tub-shaped support member 501 and an upper cover 502, and the edge of the support member 501 forms a fitting portion 503 by bending a plate to form a fitting portion 503. The upper cover 502 is inserted into the 503, and the splint 504 is inserted and fixed.

The support member 501 and the upper cover 502 are easily separated through the extraction of the splint 504, so that the upper cover 502 can be easily separated when the upper cover 502 is closed by a heating operation.

The upper cover 502 of the grate is made of a heat resistant material such as stainless steel or chromium steel, and the support member 501 may be made of a material that is not thermally deformed, such as general steel, which is actually only a small amount of contact with the incineration heat. Because.

On the surface of the upper cover 502, a plurality of nozzle-type discharge passages 505 are arranged. This discharge passage 505 is shown in cross-sectional view in Figure 5a.

The discharge passage 505 is made of a cylindrical boring 506 with a diameter of about 4mm ~ 6mm, it is most suitable to face the general surface of the upper surface of the grate at an angle of about 20 ~ 35 °, it is in contact with the outer surface thereof . At the bottom of the top cover 502, the discharge passage 505 extends through the conical cut portion 507, which allows for turbulent flow of the pressure medium in the passage and at the same time high speed of flow. To do this.

5B shows the same discharge passage, where the outside of the top cover 502 is covered with a coating layer 508 made of a material containing silicon carbide (Siliciumcarbid). This layer 508 is used to protect the top cover 502 from the heat of incineration since it can easily achieve a temperature for incineration at sufficient oxygen supply through the discharge passage 505.

The outlet passage 505 extends in the same direction to pass through the compacted layer 508. For example, the outlet passage 505 can be reached more easily, in which case the outlet passage 505 can be easily melted or burned. It can be attracted to a composite or wood pin, which can be used, where the pin is used through the outside of the top cover 502 for a distance that matches the desired thickness of the finished compacted layer 508.

After completion of the compacted layer 508, it is the simplest to remove the pin by burning or blowing it out of the passage, and if necessary, there is a support method for heating the upper surface of the grate to melt the pin component.

6 shows a grate 500 in which several grate devices are placed side by side in parallel to the invention grate device. Here, the discharge passage 505 is arranged so that adjacent passages form a triangle, each passage 505 not located at the edge of the grate is adjacent to the adjacent passage. In this arrangement, despite the low total number, a constant movement of the grate surface can reach the hole with combustion air and steam. The holes point to the grate in the transverse direction, which softens and pulverizes the incinerator, influencing the transport from left to right.

The grate width in the direction of transport is about 25 cm, and the width of the grate lies about 250 cm. The grate is about 18cm high.

The compressed gas supply device 600 always includes one steam radiation pump, which is connected to a hot steam source together with a steam generator. If hot steam escapes through the nozzles, the outside air is also carried along with the grate's inner chamber under excessive pressure.

The flow rate of steam is adjustable between the following two examples, one of which directs the discharge passage 505 at the discharge speed of 100 m / sec in continuous operation of the grate and the other at 300 m / sec in the boosting operation. It corresponds to ~ 350 m / sec.

In Fig. 7, the entire incineration apparatus is shown, in which six grate apparatuses 701 to 706 are constructed in various planes.

The grate device 701 placed highest is sent from the bunker 720 to the conveyor belt 721 and the incineration. Throwing the incinerator on the grate upwards through this through the majority of grate devices (701) ~ (706) to move gradually to the ground-based exit (707).

If the incineration has heavy foreign elements that do not move sufficiently in spite of blowing vapors and air compounds, or if the incineration of the inserted incineration interferes with the burning operation, the entire incineration area can be removed. Mechanisms 711 to 716 for pushing the respective grate devices 701 to 706 were arranged. The surface of the grate devices 701-706 corresponding to the pushing mechanisms 711-716 can be covered in the transport direction, which is applied to the surface of the grate devices 701-706. The incinerator is then transported to the next grate and finally transported to the ground runway 707.

All of the technical advantages, including those listed above, are achievable.

The previously recorded calorific value technique condenses moisture in the waste gas and uses the heat generated by it for operation.

It is important to remember that pressure compression is still used in steam and air nozzles as well.

The present invention has the effect of softening or pulverizing the material to be incinerated by injecting a gaseous or vapor-formed medium into the incinerator in the grate intermittently and incinerating the incinerator having various foreign substances correctly.

Claims (5)

An incineration method for combusting solids, gels, or liquid incinerators, wherein the gas or vapor medium is intermittently blown into an incinerator in the grate in order to soften or pulverize a material to be incinerated. The incineration method according to claim 1, wherein air, oxygen, or a mixture thereof is used as a gaseous medium and blown at a speed of 300 m / sec to 350 m / sec. In constructing a grate device for burning various incinerators in solid, gel, sludge or liquid form, at least one grate is provided and is provided in gaseous form through a plurality of discharge passages formed to communicate with the upper surface of the grate. It supplies a medium in the form of steam, the medium is supplied to the inner chamber by the compressed gas supply device, the compressed gas supply device is characterized in that the intermittent blow to the inner chamber at a high pressure by raising the pressure of the medium Ryu grate device. 4. The swirl flow grate device according to claim 3, wherein the discharge passage has a cross-sectional shape that is inclined obliquely to face a transport direction for carrying out ash, whereby the incineration is transported. 4. The grate of claim 3, wherein the grate has a reservoir for supplying gas, the reservoir comprising a replaceable upper cover resistant to high temperatures and a replaceable backing member made of ordinary steel, the upper cover of the grate being resistant to high temperature heat. Swivel flow grate device, characterized in that covered with porcelain material.