TW592802B - High temperature mixing - Google Patents
High temperature mixing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW592802B TW592802B TW091108111A TW91108111A TW592802B TW 592802 B TW592802 B TW 592802B TW 091108111 A TW091108111 A TW 091108111A TW 91108111 A TW91108111 A TW 91108111A TW 592802 B TW592802 B TW 592802B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- mixture
- group
- element selected
- mixed metal
- Prior art date
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003069 TeO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium oxalate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUAICDWVYXQSNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane;2-methylpropane Chemical compound CCCC.CC(C)C SUAICDWVYXQSNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DKUYEPUUXLQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;molybdenum;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mo].[Mo].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] DKUYEPUUXLQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DUWWHGPELOTTOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxobutanamide Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=C(NC(=O)CC(C)=O)C=C1Cl DUWWHGPELOTTOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- GEVPUGOOGXGPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.OC(=O)C(O)=O GEVPUGOOGXGPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XDRYMKDFEDOLFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamidine Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=N)N)=CC=C1OCCCCCOC1=CC=C(C(N)=N)C=C1 XDRYMKDFEDOLFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004448 pentamidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxomolybdenum Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XHGGEBRKUWZHEK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tellurate Chemical compound [O-][Te]([O-])(=O)=O XHGGEBRKUWZHEK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LAJZODKXOMJMPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Te]=O LAJZODKXOMJMPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWLJJEFSPJCUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Te](Cl)(Cl)Cl SWLJJEFSPJCUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003527 tetrahydropyrans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L vanadyl sulfate Chemical compound [V+2]=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UUUGYDOQQLOJQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940041260 vanadyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C51/215—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of saturated hydrocarbyl groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/887—Molybdenum containing in addition other metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/28—Molybdenum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/057—Selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/0576—Tellurium; Compounds thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0236—Drying, e.g. preparing a suspension, adding a soluble salt and drying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/04—Mixing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/24—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/24—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons
- C07C253/26—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons containing carbon-to-carbon multiple bonds, e.g. unsaturated aldehydes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| EP (1) | EP1254708A3 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2003024790A (enExample) |
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| CN (1) | CN1258400C (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR0201439A (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MXPA02003873A (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TW592802B (enExample) |
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| ZA200208247B (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2003-05-14 | Rohm & Haas | Treatment of mixed metal oxide catalyst. |
| JP4155034B2 (ja) * | 2003-01-21 | 2008-09-24 | 東亞合成株式会社 | 金属酸化物触媒の製造方法 |
| WO2004099081A1 (de) | 2003-05-12 | 2004-11-18 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | In reiner i-phase vorliegende, mo, v und alkalimetall enthaltende multimetalloxidmassen |
| US20050054869A1 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2005-03-10 | Lugmair Claus G. | Mixed metal oxide catalysts for propane and isobutane oxidation and ammoxidation, and methods of preparing same |
| CN100400157C (zh) * | 2003-06-09 | 2008-07-09 | 旭化成化学株式会社 | 氧化或氨氧化催化剂 |
| US7553986B2 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2009-06-30 | Rohm And Haas Company | Process for the selective (amm)oxidation of lower molecular weight alkanes and alkenes |
| BRPI0500615B1 (pt) * | 2004-03-10 | 2015-07-14 | Rohm And Haas Company | Catalisador modificado, e, sistema de catalisador modificado |
| JP2005289962A (ja) * | 2004-04-05 | 2005-10-20 | Ms Jubilant Organosys Ltd | シアノピラジンの製造方法 |
| US7875571B2 (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2011-01-25 | Rohm And Haas Company | Activated mixed metal oxide oxidation catalysts |
| US20080103326A1 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-01 | Bruce Irwin Rosen | Lithium containing mixed metal oxide catalysts for ammoxidation of propane and isobutane |
| US20080103325A1 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-01 | Claus Lugmair | Mixed metal oxide catalysts for the ammoxidation of propane and isobutane |
| US20080248947A1 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-09 | Zajac Gerry W | Mixed metal oxide catalysts and catalytic processes for conversions of lower alkane hydrocarbons |
| US8697596B2 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2014-04-15 | Ineos Usa Llc | Mixed metal oxide catalysts and catalytic conversions of lower alkane hydrocarbons |
| US20090005586A1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-01-01 | Brazdil Jr James F | Mixed metal oxide catalysts for the ammoxidation of propane and isobutane |
| KR100954045B1 (ko) * | 2007-08-13 | 2010-04-20 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 개선된 아크릴산 제조용 촉매의 합성방법 |
| KR101086731B1 (ko) * | 2008-10-17 | 2011-11-25 | 금호석유화학 주식회사 | 1-부텐의 산화/탈수소화 반응에서 1,3-부타디엔 제조용 비스무스 몰리브덴 철 복합 산화물 촉매 및 제조방법 |
| CN101466140B (zh) * | 2008-12-15 | 2011-07-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种提高呼叫成功率的方法及其基站系统 |
| CN103771354A (zh) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-05-07 | 江苏大学 | 一种TixNb1-xSe2纳米材料的制备方法及其应用 |
| US9435043B2 (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2016-09-06 | California Institute Of Technology | Oxygen evolution reaction catalysis |
| CN103922293A (zh) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-07-16 | 江苏大学 | 一种Nb1-xTaxSe2纳米材料的制备方法 |
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| EP0529853B1 (en) | 1991-08-08 | 1996-02-28 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Catalyst and process for producing nitriles |
| EP0608838B1 (en) | 1993-01-28 | 1997-04-16 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Method for producing an unsaturated carboxylic acid |
| JPH06228073A (ja) | 1993-02-05 | 1994-08-16 | Mitsubishi Kasei Corp | ニトリルの製造法 |
| US5291745A (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1994-03-08 | Thermo King Corporation | Method of improving temperature uniformity of a space conditioned by a refrigeration unit |
| JPH07289907A (ja) * | 1994-04-22 | 1995-11-07 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | ニトリル製造用触媒の製造方法 |
| JP3772389B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-10 | 2006-05-10 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 酸化触媒の製造方法及びメタクリル酸の製造方法 |
| US5994580A (en) | 1996-10-21 | 1999-11-30 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | Process for producing acrylic acid |
| ID20670A (id) | 1997-08-05 | 1999-02-11 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Katalis amoksidasi untuk digunakan dalam memproduksi akrilonitril atau metakrilonitril dari propana atau isobutana dengan amoksidasi |
| JPH1157479A (ja) * | 1997-08-08 | 1999-03-02 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | 炭化水素の気相接触酸化反応触媒の製造方法 |
| CA2271397A1 (en) | 1998-05-21 | 1999-11-21 | Rohm And Haas Company | A process for preparing a catalyst |
| JP4166334B2 (ja) | 1998-07-24 | 2008-10-15 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | 酸化用触媒の調製方法 |
| US6043185A (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2000-03-28 | The Standard Oil Company | Gallium promoted molybdenum vanadium-antimony-oxide based catalyst for selective paraffin ammoxidation |
| JP3690939B2 (ja) * | 1999-06-07 | 2005-08-31 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | メタクリル酸合成用触媒およびメタクリル酸の製造方法 |
| US6407031B1 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2002-06-18 | Rohm And Haas Company | Promoted multi-metal oxide catalyst |
| US6403525B1 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2002-06-11 | Rohm And Haas Company | Promoted multi-metal oxide catalyst |
| US20020038052A1 (en) | 2000-09-28 | 2002-03-28 | Bogan, Leonard Edward | Calcination |
| US6407280B1 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2002-06-18 | Rohm And Haas Company | Promoted multi-metal oxide catalyst |
| KR100814702B1 (ko) * | 2000-09-28 | 2008-03-18 | 롬 앤드 하스 캄파니 | 불포화 니트릴 제조방법 |
| JP4535608B2 (ja) * | 2000-12-14 | 2010-09-01 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | 触媒およびこの触媒を用いた不飽和ニトリルの製造方法 |
| JP4049363B2 (ja) * | 2000-12-22 | 2008-02-20 | 日本化薬株式会社 | アルカン酸化触媒、その製法及び不飽和酸素含有化合物の製造法 |
| US6383978B1 (en) * | 2001-04-25 | 2002-05-07 | Rohm And Haas Company | Promoted multi-metal oxide catalyst |
-
2002
- 2002-04-08 US US10/117,944 patent/US6645906B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-18 MX MXPA02003873A patent/MXPA02003873A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-19 TW TW091108111A patent/TW592802B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-23 EP EP02252863A patent/EP1254708A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-04-26 BR BR0201439-4A patent/BR0201439A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-29 CN CNB021188610A patent/CN1258400C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-30 JP JP2002128072A patent/JP2003024790A/ja active Pending
- 2002-04-30 KR KR1020020023800A patent/KR20020084419A/ko not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-07-18 US US10/622,967 patent/US7015173B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20020183548A1 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
| CN1390641A (zh) | 2003-01-15 |
| CN1258400C (zh) | 2006-06-07 |
| EP1254708A3 (en) | 2003-04-02 |
| JP2003024790A (ja) | 2003-01-28 |
| EP1254708A2 (en) | 2002-11-06 |
| US6645906B2 (en) | 2003-11-11 |
| BR0201439A (pt) | 2003-06-10 |
| KR20020084419A (ko) | 2002-11-07 |
| US20040019233A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
| MXPA02003873A (es) | 2003-07-14 |
| US7015173B2 (en) | 2006-03-21 |
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| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |