TW583380B - Method for the centralization of casings for lean profile applications - Google Patents
Method for the centralization of casings for lean profile applications Download PDFInfo
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- TW583380B TW583380B TW091112524A TW91112524A TW583380B TW 583380 B TW583380 B TW 583380B TW 091112524 A TW091112524 A TW 091112524A TW 91112524 A TW91112524 A TW 91112524A TW 583380 B TW583380 B TW 583380B
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- casing
- adhesive tape
- mold
- plastic material
- centralization
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1078—Stabilisers or centralisers for casing, tubing or drill pipes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1042—Elastomer protector or centering means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
583380 五、發明說明(1 ) 發明之領域 本發明係關於一種應用於傾斜外形之鑽孔套管中央 化的方法,其實質包括把陶瓷材料之條帶施加在套管 之外壁上。 先前之技術說明 在鑽油井時,要實施孔內之固定套管之操作。包括 將特定套管定位在,相關於所達到之深度及所穿過而 形成之特徵的預定間隔處。 當實行固定套管之時,爲了保證套管能容易降入油 井中,一般必須確保套管之外徑與孔直徑(間隙)之間 的差保持在足夠的高間隙値。 在鑽孔期間,依照傳統的技術,在套管與孔之間的 間隙的變動,可從表面及/或中間階段約爲6-7吋(15-1 6公分),直到較深階段爲一吋。例如,20吋導體管 用於26吋之孔;133/8吋之套管用於17V2吋之孔; 95/8吋之套管用於12V4之孔;7吋之套管用於8V2吋 之孔。 採用高間隙値之必要性是與,具有較大直徑/厚度 之管子的高剛性,以及鑽出完美的垂直孔之不可能性 及/或具有可控制曲度有關。事實上,管子之不佳的撓 性連同孔某種程度之不規則性(偏差,扭曲及/或擠壓) 可使套管降入井中問題重重,尤其是在表面及/或中間 階段更是如此。 583380 五、發明說明(2) 依照傳統的技術,需要鑽出一個相對於套管具有較 大直徑之孔,以,保證套管在表面及/或中間階段之期間 能降到井之底部,結果造成大量的廢棄物以及機器設 備停留在地上之時間很長,因而形成很長的鑽孔時間 及高成本。 本發明人爲待審之意大利專利申請案公元 2000.5.01提出之MI 2000A 000007之所有人,其乃關 於鑽油井及特定套管之同時定位之改進的方法,其特 徵爲就整個所期望之油井深度而論,可或多或少保持 恆定之間隙,其包括完成所要油井部份之鑽孔,藉由 使用垂直度及/或曲度控制用之自動設備以維持孔之高 度規則性。 此鑽孔方法可使油井之上部分(表面及中間階段)的 尺寸被減少而具有與套管相同直徑。如此可使材料(如 泥漿,水泥及鋼)實質減少,並且因而使廢棄物減少。 此技術亦可避免鑽出相關於所欲定位之套管太高直徑 的孔之必要性,此即意味著與傳統技術比較,可鑽出 較小直徑之孔。所有這些對鑿件之前進速率有正面之 效果,因此可使鑽孔時間減少,連帶地可減少成本。 依照該發明之技術,亦可節省很大的作業成本,因爲 井之垂直度及/或規則曲度可使所有工作及井之插入操 作容易。 此方法包括一種鑽孔及允許套管定位之放置套管技
583380 五、發明說明(3 ) 術 ,其以一個或多或少恆定之間隙値操作,其 値 在 所 期 望之整個井深度上約爲1.5吋(3-4公分)。以 較 小 之 間 隙操作之事實,在以相同數目之套管及相同 套 管 之 末 端直徑下,可使井之上部分的尺寸大大地減少。 此解決方案尤其適用於深的、垂直的、或離 線 之 井 的 應用,此外,在低可鑽性及/或軌跡控制很難 之 形成 之 情況下亦可適用。在這些情況中,採用所述 之 技 術 時 ,可獲得節省相當的時間及鑽孔成本。 在上所提起之鑽孔方法中,如同一般所有傾 斜 外形 之 應用,當以傳統程序進行套管之中央化時是 非 常 困 難 的。 此困難度是由於缺乏物理空間,用於中央化 系 統 之 機 械安裝(減少空間對應於機械脆弱性)。 隨著孔之傾斜增加,由於較高之套管/孔壁 干 涉 , 困 難度亦增加,很明顯地,在孔部上或多或少 之 嚴 重 彎 曲亦較大。 然而,缺乏套管之中央化具有下列缺點: • 增加摩擦因素,此會增加套管之磨損因而減 少 隨 後 抵 抗的特性; • 套管之楔作用之風險增加,因而有無法將套 管 成 功 且 正確地下降到底部之風險; 參 在流動旁通區域處之不平衡; 在套管位移期間,由於水泥流動渠路而引起 -5- 黏 接 品
583380 五、發明說明(4) 質之降低。 對傳統(標準)井之外形,這些問題可由套管之中央 化而急遽地減少。 事實上,中央化是由沿著套管之外表面插入許多的 彈性金屬葉(相同於葉片彈簧)而達到,因而具有延伸 出之直徑與孔直徑相當,可使套管與壁保持一個距 離,並且對孔之軸心成均勻地中央定位: 然而,此解決方案無法應用在傾斜外形之情況,因 爲. • 所有現有之市販標準中央定位器有一個葉片支持體 以及一個止環用來將中央定位器連接到管子;如此增 加了整個體積,因而排除了其應用到減小直徑間隙的 系統; • 用於特殊應用之中央定位器,如內套管之中央定位 器,可大大地改進套管之整個剛性,反之,亦必須維 持良好的彈性(可撓性),以便能夠密切跟隨著孔之幾 何形狀。 本發明人已發現,按照本發明之目的,可藉由將陶 瓷材料帶施加在套管之外壁上而完成鑽孔套管之中央 化,因而可克服所有先前技術之缺點。 發明之扼要說明 因此,本發明之目的是關於一種將鑽孔套管中央化 的方法,以應用於傾斜外形,傾斜外形爲垂直及離線
583380 五、發明說明(5 ) (off-line),此方法包括有下列操作: • 在所涉及之套管部位上,施加一黏合帶,其具有 一或多個收容孔以及快速可調整的拉桿閉合器; • 將適當模具塞入設於黏合帶之收容孔中; •將塑膠材料射入模具中,塑膠材料之特徵爲具有高 機械強度,高度表面黏著以及抵抗由摩擦產生之磨 損,並且在定位時比套管之彈性高; •一旦塑膠材料硬化成模具之形狀後,則移除去該黏 合帶。 上述方法之一個重要優點在於,能在工地現場上直 接地完成,因而,可獲得中央定位器,其形狀、尺 寸,數量及位置,可對應於操作需要而建立一個優先 順序。事實上,該中央定位器將被產生之位置、長度 及厚度,可相關於套管的直徑、套管所沿著而降下之 孔部分之長度及傾斜角事先予以計算及決定。 一旦突出特徵已決後之後,管子被鼓風(blasted)以 獲得一個表面,其可確保樹脂之正確黏著。在鼓風階 段終了時,每一個管子皆具有一個特定之黏合帶,其 是使用由具有高強度之塑膠材料所製成之透明板1所 完成(第1 A、B圖),具有快速可調整拉桿閉合器2, 可容納壓鑄模具3。第2A圖顯示一個例子,其中具有 最小爲1到最大爲3個壓鑄模具3。 每一個模具3皆具有一個特定之注射孔4,透過此
583380 五、發明說明(6)
注射孔4,藉由一個位於樹脂與硬化劑之間的適當之 攪拌系統所獲得之樹脂化合物可透過此孔注入。如此 所獲得之黏合帶-模具系統,在一方面,可使中央定位 器可在徑向及軸向兩者上,正確地沿著管子定位且維持 距離;另一方面,其可保證中央定位器之規則形狀,保 持它們在正確的位置上,一直到催化劑/樹脂系統之結 合反應產生爲止。一旦中央定位器之硬化所須之結合時 間完了,則可移除黏合帶及相關之壓鑄成型器。 附圖之簡單說明 第1 A圖代表塑膠材料之透明板的俯視圖,其中圓 形點線及箭號表示移動至工作位置的方向,第1 B圖 爲其前視圖; 第2A圖顯示相同的板,其閉合系統處在閉合位置 之前視圖;第2B圖顯示第2A圖圓圈部分2C的閉合 系統的側視圖;第2C圖爲第2B圖的俯視圖;
第3A、B圖分別表示閉合系統之拉桿閉合器的前 視圖及俯視圖;第3 C、D圖分別表示可調整拉桿閉合 器用之鉤部的前視及俯視圖。 1明較佳竇施例之詳細說明 參照本發明之附圖,其目的僅爲顯示本發明之目 的,第1A、B圖代表塑膠材料之透明板1的細節,在 其兩端分別固定快速拉桿閉合器2及鉤部5,被用來 將板1環繞在套管後予以扣住,及可看到用來插入模 583380 五、發明說明(7) 具3之收容孔。 第2A圖接著顯示相同的板1,以快速可調整拉桿 閉合器2及鉤部5圍繞著套管,並且在第2B& 2C圖 顯示相同的閉合器2及鉤部5之細節。 該閉合器2亦顯示於第3A、B圖。而第3、D圖顯 示代表用於可調整拉桿閉合器2用之鉤部5 。 上述所具體化的套管之中央化的方法及在此所包含 的操作步驟,其有效性已獲得確認,吾等仍要再次強 調,該方法之主要特徵在於有兩個要件: • 一種樹脂化合物,其特徵爲具有高機械強度,高度 表面黏著及抵抗內摩擦產生之磨損,並且在定位時比套 管之彈性高。 • 中央定位器能在工地現場直接生產,且可相對於操 作需要,而適當地改變形狀,尺寸,數目及位置。 自然地,樹脂材料有一個主要功能;任何已知材料 可被適用,只要其具有適當品質的話,例如可使用高 強度環氧樹脂。 主要元件符號說明: 1 透明板 2 拉桿閉合器 3 模具 4 注射孔 5 鉤部
Claims (1)
- 583380六、申請專利範圍 第9 1 1 1 2524號「用於傾斜外形類型之套管中央化的方_ 」專利案 (92年6月修正) 六申請專利範圍: 1· 一種用於傾斜外形類型之套管中央化的方法,傾余斗 外形爲垂直及離線,此方法包括有下列步驟: _在所涉及之套管部位上,施加一黏合帶,其具 有一或多個收容孔以及快速可調整拉桿閉合器; ♦將適當模具塞入設於黏合帶之收容孔中; ♦將塑膠材料注入模具中,塑膠材料之特徵爲具 有高機械強度,高度表面黏著以及抵抗由摩擦產生 ;$:磨損’並且定位時比套管之彈性高; _ 一旦塑膠材料硬化成模具之形狀後,移除該黏 合帶。 2.如申請專利範圍第1項之用於傾斜外形類型之套管 的方法,其中黏合帶包含有最多三個收容 孔。 3·如申請專利範圍第1項之用於傾斜外形類型之套管中 & & @方法’其中注入到模具中之塑膠材料爲環氧樹
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT2000MI002713A IT1319550B1 (it) | 2000-12-15 | 2000-12-15 | Metodo per la centralizzazione delle colonne per applicazioni leanprofile |
Publications (1)
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TW583380B true TW583380B (en) | 2004-04-11 |
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ID=11446238
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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TW091112524A TW583380B (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2002-06-10 | Method for the centralization of casings for lean profile applications |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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US (5) | US7195730B2 (zh) |
AU (2) | AU2187402A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0115950B1 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2388390B (zh) |
IT (1) | IT1319550B1 (zh) |
NO (2) | NO328867B1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW583380B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2002048501A1 (zh) |
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-
2000
- 2000-12-15 IT IT2000MI002713A patent/IT1319550B1/it active
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2001
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- 2001-11-15 GB GB0313067A patent/GB2388390B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-15 US US10/433,414 patent/US7195730B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-15 WO PCT/EP2001/013459 patent/WO2002048501A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-15 AU AU2187402A patent/AU2187402A/xx active Pending
- 2001-11-15 AU AU2002221874A patent/AU2002221874B2/en not_active Expired
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- 2003-06-12 NO NO20032681A patent/NO328867B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
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2013
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2014
- 2014-06-11 US US14/301,962 patent/US20140345854A1/en not_active Abandoned
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NO20093490L (no) | 2003-06-12 |
BR0115950B1 (pt) | 2012-02-22 |
US20140034295A1 (en) | 2014-02-06 |
BR0115950A (pt) | 2003-09-16 |
US20040094308A1 (en) | 2004-05-20 |
US20070131414A1 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
NO328867B1 (no) | 2010-06-07 |
US20140345854A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
NO20032681D0 (no) | 2003-06-12 |
US20120285679A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
WO2002048501A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
NO333798B1 (no) | 2013-09-16 |
ITMI20002713A1 (it) | 2002-06-15 |
GB2388390A (en) | 2003-11-12 |
NO20032681L (no) | 2003-06-12 |
AU2187402A (en) | 2002-06-24 |
US7195730B2 (en) | 2007-03-27 |
GB2388390B (en) | 2004-12-01 |
GB0313067D0 (en) | 2003-07-09 |
IT1319550B1 (it) | 2003-10-20 |
AU2002221874B2 (en) | 2005-08-25 |
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