TW544316B - Oral pharmaceutical composition containing histamine and immunoglobulin for allergic and inflammatory diseases - Google Patents
Oral pharmaceutical composition containing histamine and immunoglobulin for allergic and inflammatory diseases Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW544316B TW544316B TW087100904A TW87100904A TW544316B TW 544316 B TW544316 B TW 544316B TW 087100904 A TW087100904 A TW 087100904A TW 87100904 A TW87100904 A TW 87100904A TW 544316 B TW544316 B TW 544316B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- pharmaceutical composition
- oral pharmaceutical
- immunoglobulin
- allergic
- histamine
- Prior art date
Links
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- NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Histamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CN=CN1 NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 45
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/44—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material not provided for elsewhere, e.g. haptens, metals, DNA, RNA, amino acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
- A61K31/417—Imidazole-alkylamines, e.g. histamine, phentolamine
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- A61K39/395—Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immune serum, e.g. antilymphocytic serum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
- A61K47/6801—Drug-antibody or immunoglobulin conjugates defined by the pharmacologically or therapeutically active agent
- A61K47/6803—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P9/02—Non-specific cardiovascular stimulants, e.g. drugs for syncope, antihypotensives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
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- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
544316 A7 B7 五、發明説明(1 ) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 明 之 桉 術 領 域 本 發 明 係 闞 於 Μ 含 有 添 加 組 孅 胺 之 兔 疫 球 蛋 白 作 為 有 效 成 分 之 P 酿 用 醫 藥 製 劑 〇 JhL· 柱 之 技 術 免 疫 球 蛋 白 與 組 纗 胺 之 複 合 體 t 即 為 習 知 之 添 加 組 孅 胺 之 免 疫 球 蛋 白 製 劑 t 因 為 具 有 能 使 過 敏 性 患 者 或 哮 喘 患 者 低 下 之 組 鐡 胺 固 定 能 恢 復 之 作 用 可 作 為 非 特 異 性 減 敏 療 法 之 製 劑 f 用 於 治 療 支 氣 管 哮 嚼 過 敏 性 鼻 炎 f 血 臀 運 動 性 鼻 炎 $ m 麻 疹 > 慢 性 溼 疹 > 異 位 性 皮 嫌 炎 等 m 敏 性 皮 虜 病 0 又 發 現 此 藥 劑 對 組 孅 胺 之 遊 離 有 抑 制 作 用 t 而 無 一 般 作 為 對 症 療 法 之 製 劑 使 用 之 抗 組 m 胺 劑 或 副 賢 皮 質 荷 爾 蒙 劑 等 之 副 作 用 可 作 為 安 全 性 高 之 醫 藥 而 廣 泛 使 用 [ 醫 療 藥 曰 本 轚 m 品 集 (1996年 1 0 月 版 $ 曰 本 醫 藥 情 報 中 心 編 負 藥 業 時 報 社 發 行 )之第463 ,464頁 ]< > 添 加 組 鐵 胺 之 免 疫 球 蛋 白 製 劑 為 蛋 白 質 製 劑 , 一 般 Μ 皮 下 注 射 之 用 法 使 用 t 其 P 腋 時 之 藥 效 則 迄 今 完 全 未 被 提 及 0 m 明 欲 解 決 問 m 本 案 發 明 人 等 更 深 入 且 持 饋 研 究 闞 於 此 添 加 組 孅 胺 之 免 疫 球 蛋 白 製 劑 t 結 果 意 外 發 現 本 製 劑 '口 服 時 與 Μ 往 皮 下 注 射 時 具 有 相 同 之 蕖 理 作 用 $ 而 完 成 本 發 明 〇 解 決 問 鼷 手 段 本 發 明 提 供 含 有 添 加 組 孅 胺 之 免 疫 球 蛋 白 作 為 有 效 成 分 之 P 服 用 轚 蕖 製 劑 〇 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 3 947 1 544316 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 雄朋乏奮_彬戆 本發明口服用醫蕖製劑之有效成分為添加組纗胺之免 疫球蛋白*係組孅胺與兔疫球蛋白之複合體,將免疫球蛋 白成分與組織胺成分適當混合即可製得。本發明使用之免 疫球蛋白係人類用之酱蕖品,當然可採用人體免疫球蛋白 作為原料,人體免疫球蛋白可由血清或胎盤血漿依一般方 法製得。為確保作為醫藥品之安全性,必需滿足一般對血 漿區分製劑所定之規格。例如*必需使用HBs抗原,HCV抗 體及HIV抗鬅除性之人之血漿作為原料血漿,並且進行加 熱處理,K遴兔肝炎病毒或愛滋病毒等混入之危除性。利 用一般使病毒不活化之條件進行加熱處理,例如60^-10 小時液體加熱處理,601C-10小時蒸汽加熱處理,651C-96 <1、時乾燥加熱處理等常用於血漿區分製_者。 使用於人類Μ外之動物時,視對象之動物種類,可使 用由人Μ外之動物所配製之免疫球蛋白。免疫球蛋白由 IgG, IgA, IgM等類別構成,本發明之免疫球蛋白可使用 由一種或數種類構成之物質。 經濟部中央標準局員-X消費合作社印繁 (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 組織胺成分可使用遊離之組織胺或其塩酸塩,磷酸塩 ,苦味酸塩等藥學上容許之塩。 製造本發明口服用醫藥製劑時,例如可將1至200aig, 較好為5至500mg之免疫球蛋白及0.01至2/zg,較好為0.05 至0,5/ig之組孅胺成分缠當溶解於生理食塩水,蒸餾水等 癯當溶麵中》搅拌、混合而製得,可凍结或凍結乾譟而保 存之。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家操準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 2 3 947 1 544316 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(3 ) 於製進鉍添加組孅胺之兔疫球蛋白作為有效成分之本 發明口服用®藥製麵時,可直接使用此複合臁或與癯當之 添加劑,例如乳糖,甘露糖酵,玉米澱米*馬鈐薯澱粉, 撺檬酸鈣等犢用賦形劑Μ及與結晶性嫌維素,羥丙基纖維 素等纖維素衍生物,阿拉伯膠,玉米澱粉,明膠等结合劑 ,玉米澱粉•馬羚薯澱粉,羧甲基纖維素鈣等崩壞劑•滑 石,硬脂酸鋇等潤滑劑,其他之增量麵,濕澜_,安定麵 ,鍰衝劑·係存劑,香料等缠當組合而製成錠_ ,粉劑, 顆粒劑或膠囊麵。又·亦可製成在使用時將添加組孅胺之 球蛋白Κ蒸餾水等溶解之口服用液劑,將添加組纗胺之免 疫球蛋白溶液裝填於安瓿瓶等之後,進行凍結乾嫌ΒΡ可製 得,製劑化畤可視需要而添加上述各種添加劑。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (謂先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 添加組嫌胺之人體免疫球蛋白製劑之皮下注射投蕖量 ,於上逑«療藥日本酱藥品集中記載,每週可皮下注射1 或2次含有人類免疫球蛋白12iag及塩酸組織胺0.15m g之安 瓿製劑,最高可增量至3安瓿。本發明之口服«藥製劑, 當投藥量與皮下注射相同時,由Μ下所示之蕖理試驗結果 可確認其藥效*由於一般口腋藥之劑量需較注射用劑為高 ,因此可視疾病之種類,嚴重程度,患者之年龄、性別、 投藥期間等而遽當設定本發明製劑之投溱量。 胃嫵例 Μ下係添加組纗胺之免疫球蛋白調製法之一例°又’ 以下之藥理試驗係使用老鼠作為實驗動物,因此使用老鼠 免疫球蛋白取代人類免疫球蛋白。亦即,將老鼠之γ -球 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ 297公釐) 3 3 947 1 經濟部中央標準局員X消費合作社印製 544316 A7 B7 五、廢明説明(4 ) 庚白及組織胺二塩酸塩侬下列比率溶解於生理食塩水中, 於室溫fll拌2小時後,凍結乾煉,使用時溶解於生理食塩 水中再經口投藥。 [木發8Mb合物][老鼠之7 -球蛋白量][組孅胺二塩酸塩量] HG 5 0 5 . 3 m g 0,10/ig HG7 5 1 2 . 0 n g Ο . 1 5 w g HG90 28 · 8 mg 0 · 30 /i g 所製成之HG50, HG75及HG90於以下任一種藥理試驗中 均顯示有意義之作用· MHG75為代表例顬示所得之結果。 作1_ I ·免疫調整作用 免疫調整作用係以三礴基苯(THP)之特異性抗髓產生 反應為指標加K測定。 (1) 與三硝基苯结合之羊紅血球(TNP-SRBC)之配製 將Η硝基苯磺酸(THBS)溶解於磷酸鑀衝化生理食塩水 中(400ieg/7 .〇ffll,pH7.2>,於搅拌下將lml羊紅血球滴至其 中。遮光之狀態下於室溫放置20分鐘,其間攬拌數次,再 Μ生理食塲水洗滌3次。M3000rr>m離心分離5分鐘後,Μ 生理食塩水調製成5X l〇9/ml。 (2) TNP特興性抗體之產生 對6〜8週龄之雌性BALB/c老鼠之腹腔内投與1〇9個之 TNP-SRBC,血清中之抗TNP抗體係使用二硝基苯-牛血清白 蛋白(DNP-BSA)M酵素免疫測定法(ELISA)測定之。其结果 證實,在第4〜6日產生抗TNP-IgM及抗THP-IgG之強力抗體 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Μ規格(210X 297公釐) 4 3 9 47 1 544316 A7 B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 。又,欠缺胸腺之BALB/c雌性老鼠則幾乎不產生此二型之 抗體。 (3)試驗藥劑作用之測定 使用上述之試驗系,調查有闞溶於蒸餾水之本發明添 加組孅胺之老鼠7 -球蛋白(150毫克/公斤/天),對THP-SRBC敏感反應開始4日開口服投藥時,對於抗TNP抗體產生 之作用之情形。又,作為對照之陽性反應係同樣地Μ添加 組織胺之老鼠7 -球蛋白(150毫克/公斤/天)進行皮下注射 Μ作比較。本試驗之結果示於第1圖。又,Μ下之試驗結 果中,使用學生之卜試驗求得與對照之平均值之有意差Μ *記號表示之。 [容:ρ<0·05,窣窣:ί><0·01,本* 窣:p <C 0.001 第1圓 II:嗜酸血球增多之抑制作用 (1)豬草花粉抗原誘導之嗜酸血球增多横式 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 對6〜8邇齡之雌性BALB/c老鼠,皮下注射Μ生理食塩 水稀釋1000倍之豬草花粉萃取液,開始日及第1注射0.1ml ,第6,8,14日再各注射0.2ml使產生敏慼反應。第20日 對老鼠腹腔注射0.2ml稀釋1 0 00倍之豬草抗原Μ誘發反應 。誘發後第24小時回收腹腔之浸出细胞,Μ金莎氏染色劑 (GieiBsa staffl)加Μ染色》計算測定總细胞數,瞎酸血球 數,嗜中性血球數,單核细胞數。其結果顯示,在誘發後 第24小時瞎酸血球數達高峯。又,缺乏Τ细胞之B ALB/c雌 性老鼠則腹腔内之浸潤完全無嗜酸性血球及瞎中性血球。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X29*7公釐) 5 3 9471 544316 A7 B7 五、發明説明(6 ) (2)被驗藥劑之作用之测定 使用上逑嗜酸血球增多之横式,每週2次K 口服方式 投與(開始日及第4,7,11,14,18日)溶於生理食塩水之 本發明添加組織胺之老鼠7 -球蛋白(150毫克/老鼠/天), 調査其對晴酸性血球增多之作用情形。又,Μ皮下注射之 方式同樣投與添加組織胺之老鼠7 -球蛋白(100毫克/老鼠 /天)做為陽性對照Μ比較之。結果之一例如第2國所示。 第2圓 I II,安定性試驗 本發明添加組嫌胺之老鼠7 -球蛋白之凍結乾燥品分 別於4υ及3〇υ保存6遇後*進行與試驗II相同之各種試驗 ,調査本製劑之安定性。结果之一例如第3圖所示。 第3_ 發明之娩巢 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印繁 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 由第1圈之结果證實,添加組織胺之免疫球蛋白口服 給藥時*與注射給藥同樣地對IgG, IgM抗體之產生有顯著 之》強作用。又第2圖顯示,在豬草花粉抗原誘導之嗜酸 血球增多模式中,藉口服給藥亦有意義地抑制腹腔内之瞎 酸血球浸涠。又,單獨服用7 -球蛋白或組織胺成分時, 未發現本發明之藥理作用。 、 本發明之口服用翳藥製劑已確認具有以往皮下注射用 製劑之效果,因此可作為用於預防及治療伴隨各種疾病, 例如支氣管哮喘,過敏性典炎,血管運動性典炎,蓐麻疹 ,慢性濕疹,異位性皮虜炎等過敏性皮膚病,多發性硬化 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標孪(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 6 3 947 1 544316 A7 B7 五、發明説明(7 ) 症,慢性風濕闞節炎,全身性紅斑症等自體免疫疾病,各 種免疫不全症候群,以及感染症*寄生蟲疾病,呼吸器官 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 疾病,自體免疫疾病,惡性腫瘤等而來之嗜酸血球增多症 或各種炎症性疾病之槩劑。如本發明製爾般可口服使用之 藥劑,對患者而言較一般注射用製劑方便服用,實用方面 之可用性高。 _忒夕鳙盥說明 第1圖之圖形顯示,本發明之口腋用酹蕖製劑對於抗 TNP抗體之產生具增強作用。 第2圖之圖形顯示,於豬草花粉抗原誘導之晴酸血球 增多模式中*本發明之製劑對晴酸血球之增多具抑制作用 Ο 第3圖之圖形顬示在4£0或30£>0保存6週之本發明製劑 ,於豬草花粉抗原誘導之嗜酸血球增多横式中,對嗜酸血 球增多之抑制作用。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS )八4規格(210X 297公釐) 7 3 947 1
Claims (1)
- 544316 H3 經濟部中央標準局員工福利委員會印製 第δ/7 1 Ο Ο 9 Ο 4號專利申請案 \\ 3 申請專利範圍修正本 (9 1年8月1 2日) 一種含有添加組織胺之免疫球蛋白作為有效成分之口 服用醫藥組成物,係供過敏性疾病治療用、支氣管治 療用、過敏性鼻炎治療用、過敏性皮慮疾病治療用、 血管運動性鼻炎治療劑用、自體免疫疾病治療用、或 嗜酸性血球增多之抑制用,或者抗炎症用者。 3 9 4 7 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210 Χ 297公釐)1
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US6566386B2 (en) | 1993-08-09 | 2003-05-20 | Nippon Zoki Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Immunomodulating and antiinflammatory agent |
JP2000143537A (ja) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-23 | Nippon Zoki Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 細胞接着分子発現抑制剤 |
JP2000143536A (ja) | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-23 | Nippon Zoki Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 抗浮腫剤 |
US20030099635A1 (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-05-29 | Protein Therapeutics, Inc. | Use of oral gammaglobulin for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases |
WO2004035537A2 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2004-04-29 | Euro-Celtique S.A. | Antibodies that bind cell-associated ca 125/o772p and methods of use thereof |
WO2006099175A2 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-21 | Euro-Celtique S.A. | Compositions comprising an anti-ca125 antibody and a cytotoxic compound and their use for the treatment of cancer |
KR100723251B1 (ko) * | 2005-03-18 | 2007-05-29 | 전숙영 | 알레르기 질환의 치료를 위한 약학적 조성물, 그의 용도 및알레르기 질환의 치료방법 |
RU2309732C1 (ru) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-11-10 | Олег Ильич Эпштейн | Спрессованная твердая оральная форма лекарственного препарата и способ получения твердой оральной формы лекарственного препарата |
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US4704273A (en) | 1982-05-17 | 1987-11-03 | Mcmichael John | Methods and materials for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis |
US4705685A (en) * | 1982-05-17 | 1987-11-10 | Mcmichael John | Methods and materials for treatment of disease states involving immunological factors |
US4705687A (en) | 1985-06-17 | 1987-11-10 | Ortho Pharmaceutical (Canada) Ltd. | Treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis with suppressor factor |
US5112738A (en) | 1985-07-03 | 1992-05-12 | Miles Inc. | Histamine derivatives, immunogen conjugates and antibodies raised thereto |
US4812449A (en) | 1986-07-03 | 1989-03-14 | Scripps Clinic And Research Foundation | In situ active compound assembly |
US5244902A (en) | 1989-08-21 | 1993-09-14 | Beth Israel Hospital Association | Topical application of spiperone or derivatives thereof for treatment of pathological conditions associated with immune responses |
IT1237475B (it) | 1989-10-06 | 1993-06-07 | Allergeni modificati chimicamente e procedimento per la loro preparazione | |
US5192773A (en) | 1990-07-02 | 1993-03-09 | Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Immunosuppressive compounds |
JP3193205B2 (ja) * | 1993-08-09 | 2001-07-30 | 日本臓器製薬株式会社 | 好酸球増多抑制剤 |
JPH0959180A (ja) | 1995-08-11 | 1997-03-04 | Nippon Zoki Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 活性化免疫グロブリン |
-
1997
- 1997-01-30 JP JP9031311A patent/JPH10212246A/ja not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-01-23 KR KR1019980002115A patent/KR100533399B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-23 CN CNB981051375A patent/CN1167466C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-23 TW TW087100904A patent/TW544316B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-26 CA CA002228017A patent/CA2228017A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-01-26 US US09/013,202 patent/US6187803B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-29 AU AU52790/98A patent/AU735950B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-01-30 AT AT98101614T patent/ATE236615T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-30 EP EP98101614A patent/EP0864323B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-30 DE DE69813070T patent/DE69813070T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU735950B2 (en) | 2001-07-19 |
KR19980070794A (ko) | 1998-10-26 |
DE69813070D1 (de) | 2003-05-15 |
EP0864323A1 (en) | 1998-09-16 |
ATE236615T1 (de) | 2003-04-15 |
AU5279098A (en) | 1998-08-06 |
US6187803B1 (en) | 2001-02-13 |
CN1192929A (zh) | 1998-09-16 |
JPH10212246A (ja) | 1998-08-11 |
KR100533399B1 (ko) | 2007-03-15 |
EP0864323B1 (en) | 2003-04-09 |
CA2228017A1 (en) | 1998-07-30 |
DE69813070T2 (de) | 2003-12-04 |
CN1167466C (zh) | 2004-09-22 |
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